考研考博-英语-大连东软信息学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连东软信息学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.填空题

Directions:Inthispartyouwillreadapassageandasummaryofit.Thenfillinthespacesinthesummarywithamaximumofthreewordsfromthepassage.WriteyouranswersOntheAnswerSheet.

ToughSensorCanTaketheHeatAnewgassensormadefromanickel’sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater,accordingtoitsinventorsatArgonneNationalLaboratoryinIllinois.Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.

Conventionalsiliconsensorsdonotworkwellattemperaturesabove150°F.ButArgonne’snewsensor,madeofceramicsandmetals,isnotaffectedbyhightemperatures.“Thematerialsinthissensorbehavewellthroughawiderangeoftemperatures.”saysMichaelVogt,acontrolsystemsengineeratArgonne.

Vogtandhiscolleaguesmadethesensorbyfilm-screeninglayersofceramicandmetalonaceramicsubstrate—thenfiringthesensorinanindustrialovenatmorethanl000°C.TheArgonneresearcherssetouttobuildasensorthatwoulddetectoverheatingcomputercomponents.Beforeanoverheatingcomponentfails,andpossiblyignites,epoxyinthecircuitboardsreleasesagas.TheArgonnesensorcandetectthisvaporandcutoffpowertothecircuit.

Thedevicesensesgasesbyapplyingasteadilyincreasingvoltageacrossitselectricalleadsandmonitoringcurrentspikesinducedasgasesreactonthesensor’ssurface.Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage,andthesizeofthecurrentspikeindicatesthe“signature”ofseveralrepresentativeorganicsolvents.

Thesensorcouldbeusedtomonitorhydrocarbonemissionsfromcars;today’stypicalsensorsonlymeasureoxygen.Thesensorcouldalsomonitorgasesinindustrialchemicalprocesses.

Summaryofthepassage:

Anewsensormadeofceramicsandmetalscanendurecorrosion,vibrations,exposuretowater,and66__,whilenotaffectedby67__.Aseachgasreactsata68__,thedeviceappliesasteadilyincreasingvoltageandmonitorscurrentspikesinduced.69ofwhichindicatestheconcentrationofthegases.Conventionalsensorsontheotherhand,donotworkwellattemperaturesabove150°Fandcouldbeusedonlyto70__.

【答案】66.detectgases

67.hightemperatures

68.characteristicvoltage

69.the“signature”

70.measureoxygen

【解析】66.文章开篇描述了Anewgassensormadefromanickel’sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater...Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.（一种由镍含量的材料制成的新型气体传感器可以经受高温、腐蚀、振动和暴露在水里……这个微小的传感器能探测到各种气体），其他几个在摘要提到了，所以这里需要写的是侦察气体。因此填detectgases。

67.文章开篇描述了Anewgassensormadefromanickel'sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater...Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.（一种由镍含量的材料制成的新型气体传感器可以经受高温、腐蚀、振动和暴露在水里……这个微小的传感器能探测到各种气体），上一空已经提到了侦察气体，所以这一空应该填入抗高温，因为前面有否定词not，所以空格处填入hightemperatures。

68.根据第四段第二句话提到Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage（每种气体在一个特征电压下反应）可知，空格处应该填入characteristicvoltage。

69.根据第四段第二句话提到Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage,andthesizeofthecurrentspikeindicatesthe“signature”ofseveralrepresentativeorganicsolvents.（每种气体在一个特征电压下反应，而脉冲的大小表明了几种代表性有机溶剂的“特征”）可知，脉冲的不同特征暗示了不同气体，所以空格处应该填入the“signature”。

70.根据最后一段第一句today’stypicalsensorsonlymeasureoxygen（今天的典型传感器只测量氧气）可知，传统的传感器在150°F以上的温度下不能很好地工作，只能用于测量氧气；所以空格处应该填入measureoxygen。

2.单选题

ContinuedinequitiesbetweentherichandpowerfulminorityandtheimpoverishedmassesappalledmostEgyptians.

问题1选项

A.offended

B.captivated

C.shocked

D.puzzled

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.offended得罪，冒犯B.captivated迷住，使着迷

C.shocked使震惊，使惊愕D.puzzled迷惑，使困惑

【答案】C

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】appalled的意思为“使胆寒，使惊骇”，和mostEgyptians构成动宾搭配关系，指的是大多数埃及人很震惊，shocked与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】有钱有势的少数人和贫穷大众之间长期不平等，这使大多数埃及人感到震惊。

3.单选题

（）tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.

问题1选项

A.NosoonerhadhebegunC.Hardlyhadhebegun

B.C.HardlyhadhebegunB.

C.HardlyhadhebegunB.Notuntilbegan

D.Scarcelydidhebegin

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配题。Hardly...when.…表示“一...就..”。句意：他刚一开始说话,

观众就打断了他。

4.单选题

ItwasFriday,thedayofthefieldtriponwhichMissJoanwouldtakeherclasstopickapples.

MissJoanenjoyedpickingappleswithherstudents.ShesmiledassheledherstudentstothebusthatwouldtakethemtotheGreenlyAppleOrchard（果园）.

Thebusridewasbumpyandthekidswerealittlenoisy,butstillMissJoanwassmiling.

ThebusstoppedinfrontoftheGreenlyAppleOrchardandtheclassgotoffquicklyandquietly.MissJoanmadesureeveryonewasthere.*‘Whataglorious,sunny,applepickingday,”MissJoanannouncedwithhergrandestsmile.

Mr.Greenlywastheretogreetthem.“Let’ssee,thereareeighteenchildrenandtwoadultsatthreedollarseach.Thatwillbesixtydollars,please.”

MissJoanheldupthebrochureinherhand.“Itsaysthatthepriceistwodollarseach,”shepointedout.“That’swhatIcollectedfromeveryone.”

“We’vehadtoraisetheprice,”Mr.Greenlystated.

“Yousentmethisbrochureafterwemadeourreservation,”MissJoancomplained,“anditsaystwodollars’

“MissJoan,ifyoulookatthebottomofthisbrochure,”Mr.Greenlysaid,“you’llnoticeveryimportantstatement.”

Sureenough,inverytinyletters,itsaid,''Pricesaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.”

MissJoanwasdeterminedtokeephergoodmood.ShetookatwentydollarsbilloutofherownpurseandhandedittoMr.Greenlywiththefortydollarsshehadinanenvelope.

“Nowchildren,doyouallhaveyourbaskets?”MissJoancalledout.''Remember,eachofyoucanpickasmanyapplesaspossible.”

Mr.Greenlysaid,“Youcan’tpickasmanyapplesaspossible.”

“Ibegyourpardon!”MissJoanwasnotsmilingnow.“Thebrochuresays,'ALLYOUCANPICK’!”

Mr.GreenlypointedtothetiniestlettersMissJoanhadeveralmostseen.Italsosays,“Termsandconditionsofgroupreservationsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.”

MissJoan’sgoodmoodwasnowhistory.Shedidn’twanttosetabadexampleforherstudents,soshesaidinacalminandquietvoice,“We’regoinghome,givemeourmoneyback,please.”

1.HowmanydollarsdidMissJoanhandtoMr.Greenly?

2.Thephrase"subjecttochangewithoutnotice"suggests（）.

3.Thestudentscouldnotpickasmanyapplesastheywouldlikebecause（）.

4.MissJoan'sgoodmoodwasnowhistory"(thelastparagraph)means（）.

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutMissJoanfromthestory?

问题1选项

A.20

B.40

C.60

D.80

问题2选项

A.Mr.Greenlycouldchangethetermsatwill

B.thecustomersshouldreadthebrochurecarefully

C.Mr.Greenlycoulddeterminewhatapplestobepicked

D.thecustomersshouldbeinformedbeforehand

问题3选项

A.theywerechildren

B.therewerenotenoughapples

C.theyhadmadeagroupreservation

D.theywouldeatuptoomanyapples

问题4选项

A.MissJoanhadbeenhappyuntilthatmoment

B.MissJoanwasnolongerinterestedinhistory

C.MissJoantaughtherstudentsthehistoryoftheorchard

D.MissJoanwasgoodatconcealingherfeelings

问题5选项

A.Shedidnotreadthebrochurecarefully

B.Shemadeareservationafterseeingthebrochure.

C.Shelosthertemperintheend.

D.Shedidn'tknowhowtocomplain.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。第十一段指出:MissJoanwasdeterminedtokeephergoodmood.ShetookatwentydollarsbilloutofherownpurseandhandedittoMr.Greenlywiththefortydollarsshehadinanenvelope(琼小姐决心保持好心情。她从自己的钱包里拿出一张二十美元的钞票，把信封里的四十美元交给格林先生)。因此她一共给了60美元。

2.判断推理题。文章指出:Mr.GreenlypointedtothetiniestlettersMissJoanhadeveralmostseen.Italsosays,“Termsandconditionsofgroupreservationsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.”MissJoan’sgoodmoodwasnowhistory(格林先生指了指琼小姐几乎见过的最小的字:预订的条款和条件如有更改，恕不另行通知”。琼小姐的好心情已成历史)。由此可知，"subjecttochangewithoutnotice"指“如有更改，恕不另行通知”。因此A项“格林先生可以随意更改条款”正确。

3.细节事实题。文章指出:文章指出:Mr.GreenlypointedtothetiniestlettersMissJoanhadeveralmostseen.Italsosays,“Termsandconditionsofgroupreservationsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.”(格林先生指了指琼小姐几乎见过的最小的字:预订的条款和条件如有更改，恕不另行通知。”)。因此选C项“他们进行了团购”。

4.根据题干定位至最后一段，此句后面一句给出了解释:Shedidn’twanttosetabadexampleforherstudents(她不想给学生树立坏榜样)。因此，此句表示“MissJoan在那一刻之前是开心的”。

5.判断推理题。文章主要讲述:MissJohn只看到那些很显眼的吸引人的广告，没看到小字书写的限制条款，导致学生因团购限制而摘不到想要的苹果。由此推测，A项“她没有仔细阅读小册子”正确。

5.单选题

Wearewritingtothemanager（

）therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.

问题1选项

A.withtheexceptionof

B.withthepurposeof

C.withreferenceto

D.withaviewto

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。withtheexceptionof“除了…以外”；withthepurposeof“目的，用途”；in/withreferenceto“关于，就…而言”；withaviewto“着眼于”。句意：我们给经理写信反映关于最近在以上地址进行维修的有关情况。C项符合句意，答案C

6.单选题

Thedecision______,thenextproblemwashowtomakeagoodplan.

问题1选项

A.hasbeenmade

B.weremade

C.havingbeenmade

D.making

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.hasbeenmade被做B.weremade被做

C.havingbeenmade被做D.making做

【考查点】独立主格结构。

【解题思路】句子主谓宾结构完整，所以空格处只能做非谓语，而decision和thenextproblem不是同一个逻辑主语，所以前半部分只能做独立主格结构；decision和make之间是被动的关系，而且是决定做出后，下个问题是怎么制定计划，所以只能用havingbeenmade，C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A、B选项为谓语动词，不符合语法结构；

D选项不符合时态，排除。

【句意】决定做好之后，下一个问题是如何制定一个好的计划。

7.单选题

Forthepurposesoflimitingtheunauthorizeddistributionofintellectualproperty,theDMCA’sstatutoryimmunityforISPsiscarefullystructuredtoblockonlyactionsfordamages.AnothersectionoftheActprovidesforaprocessbywhichacourt,undercertainconditions,cangrantinjunctiverelief.InthecaseofasourceISP,theremaybeanorderrequiringaterminationoftheoffendingsource’saccountwiththeISPoraterminationoftherestoftheworld’saccesstotheuser’sassignedInternetdestination,iftheinfringingmaterialresidesthere.ForanOSP,aninjunctionmaybeframedasanorderrequiringterminationoftheOSPuser’saccountorremovalorblockedaccesstothematerialontheOSP’sservers.

ItmaybethisprospectofinjunctivereliefthathasledtoapracticebypublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.Forexample,theMotionPictureAssociationofAmericasentalettertoHarvardUniversitycomplainingofallegedlyinfringingmaterialhostedbysomeoneontheHarvardnetwork.Harvard,inturn,discoveredthatthematerialinquestionwashostedbyanundergraduateonhisowncomputerattachedtotheHarvarddormitorynetwork.Harvardsentalettertothestudentalertinghimthatsuchhostingwasinviolationofitsnetworkpolicies,andthreateningsanctionsshouldthestudentcontinuetohostsuchmaterial.NoticesbypublisherstoISPsseekingactionbytheISPsagainstindividualusershavebecomeroutine,withfirmsspringinguptoaccepttheoutsourcedtaskofidentifyingpointsofinfringementwithinanetworkandgeneratingcomplaintletterstotherelevantISPs.SomepublishershaveevenattemptedtogetsourceISPs—universities,inparticular—tochangenetworkarchitecturetopreventtheuseofpeer-to-peernetworkingcompletely.Whilemosthavedeclinedtodoso,atleastoneuniversity,inthesameweekitsentalettertoapublisherrefusingtotakeaction,announcedanetworkbandwidthconservationpolicythatclampedmostout-goingInternettrafficfromstudentdormitories,effectivelydampeningtheuniversity’scontributiontoworldwidefilesharing/piracy.

Forenforcementpurposes,itmaybeeasiertofindandengageanISPregardingitslegalresponsibilitiesthanasinglesubscriberofthatISP.Butifarevelationofsubscriberidentityissought,successmerelypushestheenforcementproblembacktodealingwithapotentiallyunreachablesource.Moreover,whentheISPinquestionislocatedoverseascooperationofanysortisfraughtwithasmanybarriersasthoseforfarawayindividualsourcesofillicitmaterial.

JonathanZittrain:InternetPointsofControl

83.Accordingtothe1stparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTaremedyregardingISP’sliability?

84.Thesentencewhichisclosestinmeaningwiththeunderlinedsentenceofthe2ndparagraphis___.

85.TheHarvardstudentstoryinthe2ndparagraphisusedtoillustrate___.

86.Theunderlinedword“revelation”inthe3rdparagraphmeans___.

问题1选项

A.damages

B.injunctiverelief

C.anorderrequiringaterminationoftheoffendingsource’saccount

D.anorderrequiringaterminationoftheaccesstotheuser’sassignedInternetdestination

问题2选项

A.TheprospectofinjunctivereliefmayhaveledtheISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.

B.TheprospectofinjunctivereliefmayhaveledthepublisherstoaskISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.

C.TheprospectofinjunctivereliefmayhaveledthepublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.

D.ItistheprospectofinjunctivereliefthathasledtoapracticebypublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpolicewhathappensontheirnetworks.

问题3选项

A.therelationshipbetweenauniversityanditsstudents

B.theliabilityofanetworkuser

C.actionstakenbyISPsinresponsetopublishers’requests

D.theuniversitypolicytowardsinfringement

问题4选项

A.repetition

B.revolution

C.surprise

D.disclosure

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】83.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第一段AnothersectionoftheActprovidesforaprocessbywhichacourt,undercertainconditions,cangrantinjunctiverelief.（该法的另一节规定了法院在某些条件下可以批准禁令救济的程序）可知B选项“禁令救济”符合是针对ISP的赔偿责任的救济；第一段ForanOSP,aninjunctionmaybeframedasanorderrequiringterminationoftheOSPuser’saccountorremovalorblockedaccesstothematerialontheOSP’sservers.（对于一个OSP，禁令可能是一个命令，要求终止OSP用户的账户或删除或阻止访问OSP服务器上的材料）可知C选项“要求终止违规来源账户的命令”和D选项“要求终止对用户指定的因特网目的地的访问的一种命令”符合是针对ISP的赔偿责任的救济；A选项“损害赔偿”第一段未涉及。因此A选项符合题意。

84.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文第二段划线句子ItmaybethisprospectofinjunctivereliefthathasledtoapracticebypublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.（也许正是这种禁令救济的前景导致了出版商要求ISP监控和监督其网络上的活动）可知选B选项“禁令救济的前景可能会促使出版商要求ISP监控和监督发生在他们的网络上的活动”；A选项“禁令救济的前景可能会促使互联网服务提供商监控和监督发生在他们的网络上的活动”，C选项“禁令救济的前景可能导致出版商要求ISP监控和监督发生在他们的网络上的活动”以及D选项“正是禁令救济的前景导致了出版商要求ISP监控和监督其网络上发生的事情”和原文不符。因此B选项正确。

85.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题，根据题干定位到原文第二段Forexample,theMotionPictureAssociationofAmericasentalettertoHarvardUniversitycomplainingofallegedlyinfringingmaterialhostedbysomeoneontheHarvardnetwork.Harvard,inturn,discoveredthatthematerialinquestionwashostedbyanundergraduateonhisowncomputerattachedtotheHarvarddormitorynetwork.Harvardsentalettertothestudentalertinghimthatsuchhostingwasinviolationofitsnetworkpolicies,andthreateningsanctionsshouldthestudentcontinuetohostsuchmaterial.（例如，美国电影协会给哈佛大学发了一封信，抱怨哈佛大学网络上有人托管的侵权材料。反过来，哈佛发现，有问题的材料是由一名本科生在自己的电脑上托管的，并与哈佛宿舍的网络相连。哈佛大学给该学生发了一封信，提醒他这样的托管违反了其网络政策，并威胁称，如果该学生继续托管此类材料，将受到制裁），可知这一个论据是用来支撑ItmaybethisprospectofinjunctivereliefthathasledtoapracticebypublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.（也许正是这种禁令救济的前景导致了出版商要求ISP监控和监督其网络上的活动）这一论点，选C选项“ISP响应出版商要求所采取的行动”，出版商们要求ISP监控和监督其网络上的活动，ISP也响应出版商要求所采取的行动；A选项“大学和学生之间的关系”，B选项“网络用户的责任”以及D选项“大学对侵权的政策”不符合原文。因此C选项正确。

86.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】词义辨析题。根据题干定位到原文第三段Butifarevelationofsubscriberidentityissought,successmerelypushestheenforcementproblembacktodealingwithapotentiallyunreachablesource.（但是，如果要求披露用户身份，成功只会将强制问题推回到处理可能无法到达的来源上）可知revelation在本句中表示“揭露，披露”；A选项“重复”；B选项“革命”；C选项“惊喜”；D选项“披露”。可知D选项正确。

8.单选题

Inoursocietytheunwrittenrulesofcommunicationdiscouragethedirectexpressionofemotions.Countthenumberofgenuineemotionalexpressionsyouhearoveratwo-or-three-dayperiodandyou’lldiscoverthatemotionalexpressionsarerare.Peoplearegenerallycomfortablemakingstatementsoffactandoftendelightinexpressingtheiropinions,buttheyrarelydisclosehowtheyfeel.

Notsurprisingly,theemotionsthatpeopledosharedirectlyareusuallypositive.Forexample,onestudyofmarriedcouplesrevealedthatthepartnerssharedflatteringfeelingsofface-savingones.Theyalsowillinglydisclosedbothpositiveandnegativefeelingsaboutabsentthirdparties.Ontheotherhand,thehusbandsandwivesrarelyexpressedface-threateningfeelingsofhostility.

Surprisingly,socialrulesevendiscouragetoomuchexpressionofpositivefeelings.AhugandkissforMotherisallright,thoughayoungmanshouldshakehandswithDad.Affectiontowardfriendsbecomeslessandlessfrequentaswegrowolder,sothatevenasimplestatementsuchas“Ilikeyou”isseldomheardbetweenadults.

Areviewofresearchonemotionalexpressionsupportstheculturalstereotypeofthenon-emotionalmaleandthemoreemotionalfemale.Asagroup,womenaremorelikelythanmentoexpresstheiremotions.Theyarebetteratdistinguishingbetweenrelatedfeelingssuchaslikingandloving,andtheyaremorelikelytohavemoreaffectionaterelationshipsthanmen.Ofcourse,thesegenderdifferencesarestatisticalaverage,andtherearemanymenandwomenwhodonotfallintothesetypes.

1.Whatisthemainidesofthispassage?

2.Peopleavoidexpressingtheirfeelingsdirectlybecause（）

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdopeopletendtoexpress?

4.That“Womenarebetterthanmeninexpressingfeelings”is（）

5.Accordingtothepassage,itissurprisingthat（）

问题1选项

A.Bothadultsandchildrenseldomexposetheirfeelingsandopinions.

B.Societyistherealcauseofpeople’slessexpressionoftheiraffection.

C.Peopleliketotalkfreelybehindathirdperson.

D.Womenaremoreopenthanmeninexpressingtheirfeelings.

问题2选项

A.theyhavenotimeoveratwo-or-three-dayperiod

B.theyfeeltimidtodoso

C.theypreferfactstofeelings

D.theyfeeluneasywhentheydisclosetheirinnerworld

问题3选项

A.Yourhairstyleisgood,butthecolordoesnotsuityourskin.

B.Howshouldhehavelefttheroominsuchamess!

C.I’msorrytosayIcan’tloveyouanymore.

D.Itissillyofyoutohavegivenupthischance.

问题4选项

A.acompleteculturalstereotype

B.provenbyresearch

C.thetraditionalprejudice

D.thekeytosocialproblems

问题5选项

A.womenaremoreexpressivethanmen

B.husbandsandwivestendtopleaseeachother

C.peoplearesociallydiscouragedfromexpressingtheirpositivefeelings

D.peoplefeelcomfortabletodisclosetheirnegativefeelings

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。第一段的第一句为本文的中心句。主要讲社会中不成文的交流规则阻碍了人们情感的表达。选项B符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段的最后一句“Peoplearegenerallycomfortablemakingstatementsoffactandoftendelightinexpressingtheiropinions,buttheyrarelydisclosehowtheyfeel.”人们通常会很自在的陈述事实和表达自己的观点，但他们很少表露自己的感受。选项D只是换了一种方式阐述这句话，所以选项D正确。

3.判断推理题。根据上一题可知人们通常会很自在的陈述事实和表达自己的观点，但他们很少表露自己的感受。选项A就是陈述客观事实，但没有涉及到说话人自己的感受，所以正确。

4.语义题。根据最后一段的第一句“Areviewofresearchonemotionalexpressionsupportstheculturalstereotypeofthenon-emotionalmaleandthemoreemotionalfemale.”可知选项B正确。

5.判断推理题。根据第三段的第一句“Surprisingly,socialrulesevendiscouragetoomuchexpressionofpositivefeelings.”令人惊讶的是，社会规则甚至阻碍了积极情绪的太多表达。选项C符合原文。

9.单选题

The（

）theyfeltforeachotherwasobvioustoeveryonewhosawthem.

问题1选项

A.affection

B.adherence

C.sensibility

D.sensitivity

【答案】A

【解析】句意:每个看到他们的人都能看出他们互相之间的喜爱之情。

名词辨析。Affection喜爱,钟爱;adherence坚持，遵守;sensibility敏感;sensitivity体贴，体恤。故A符合句意。

10.翻译题

1.科学家是一小群努力洞悉自然,在表面的杂乱无序中寻求规律的人,他们具有特殊的能力进行思考与分析,具有无限的耐心进行观察与收集数据。

2.当时我们所面临的最关键的问题是熟练劳动力的缺乏,用以培训这种劳动力的大学师资不足,以及我们的大学中由于用于教育和科研的师资和现代化设备短缺造成的研究能力衰退。

3.科学是讲求实际的。科学是老老实实的学问,来不得半点虚假,需要付出艰巨的劳动。同时,科学也需要创造,需要幻想,有幻想才能打破传统的束缚,才能发展科学。

4.如果你着手干一番事业而失败了,不要丧失信心。“我失败了三次”与“我是一个失败者”之间有着天壤之别。只要你对自己不持否定的想法,不把自己与失败等同起来,而是试图从失败中吸取教训,你很可能在未来取得成功。

【答案】1.Scientistsareagroupofpeoplewhopossessspecialabilitiestothinkandanalyzethingsandhaveendlesspatienceinobservinganddatacollecting.Theyalltrytodiscernthenatureandfindoutregulationsthroughthedisorderlyappearance.

2.Themostvitalproblemswefacedwithatthattimeweretheshortageoflaborers,thelackofuniversityteachersinthetrainingofthoselaborers,andthedeclineintheresearchingcapabilitycausedbythelackofuniversityteachersandmodernequipmentusedforeducationandtechnologyresearch.

3.Sciencealwaysfocusesonrealities.Itneedstheconscientiousrequirementforknowledgeandpermitsofnofalse.Meanwhile,itinvolvespeople’screationandimagination.Andimaginationcanbreakthelimitationoftraditionsanddevelopthescienceconstantly.

4.Don’tbedisappointedifyoufailinthecareeryouhavedone.Theword“Ihaveexperiencedfailureforthreetimes”isabsolutelydifferentfromtheword“Iamaloser”.Aslongasyoudon’tdenyyourself,donotidentifyyourselfwiththefailure,andtrytolearnsomethingfromyourfailure,youwillbelikelytosucceedinthefuture.

11.不定项选择题

Thereisnothingthatmanfearsmorethanthetouchoftheunknown.Hewantstoseewhatisreachingtowardshim,andtobeabletorecognizeoratleastclassifyit.Manalwaystendstoavoidphysicalcontactwithanythingstrange.Eveninsleep,whenheisfarmoreunguarded,hecanalltooeasilybedisturbedbyatouch.

Allthedistanceswhichmencreateroundthemselvesaredictatedbythisfear.Theyshutthemselvesinhouseswhichnoonemayenter,notonlythefearofbeingrobbed,butalsothefearofasuddenandunexpectedclutchoutofthedarkness.Thefearofbeingtouchedremainswithuswhenwegoaboutamongpeople;thewaywemoveinabusystreet,inrestaurants,trainsorbuses,isgovernedbyit.Evenwhenwearestandingnexttothemandareabletowatchandexaminethemclosely,weavoidactualcontactifwecan.Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone;andthenitiswewhomaketheapproach.

Itisonlyinacrowdthatmancanbecomefreeofthisfearofbeingtouched.Thatistheonlysituationinwhichthefearchangesintoitsopposite.Thecrowdheneedsisthedensecrowd,inwhichbodyispressedtobody;acrowd,too,whosephysicalconstitutionisalsodense,orcompact,sothathenolongernoticeswhoitisthatpressesagainsthim.Assoonasamanhassurrenderedhimselftothecrowdheceasestofearitstouch.

Ideallyallareequalthere;nodistinctionscount,noteventhatofsex.Themanpressedagainsthimisthesameashimself.Hefeelshimashefeelshimself.Suddenlyitisasthougheverythingwerehappeninginoneandthesamebody.Thisisperhapsoneofthereasonswhyacrowdseekstocloseinonitself:itwantstorideachindividualascompletelyaspossibleofthefearofbeingtouched.Themorefiercelypeoplepresstogether,themorecertaintheyfeelthattheydonotfeareachother.Thisreversalofthefearofbeingtouchedbelongstothenatureofcrowds.Thefeelingofreliefismoststrikingwherethedensityofthecrowdisgreatest.

1.Peoplefearburglarsbecause（）.

2.Inpublic,accordingtotheauthor,we（）.

3.Whichisthepossiblemeaningofthephrase“maketheapproach”inParagraph3?

4.Thewaywefeelwheninacrowdispresentedasa(n)（）.

5.Onceformed,crowdsalwaystendto（）.

问题1选项

A.theyarrivesuddenlyandunexpectedly

B.theygrabyouinthedark

C.theytakeawayyourmosttreasuredpersonalpossessions

D.theyattackpeopleintheassumedsafetyoftheirhome

问题2选项

A.alwaysavoidcontactwithpeople

B.donotobjecttosomeoneattractivetouchingus

C.feelveryuneasy

D.trynottobetouched

问题3选项

A.runaway

B.makeone’sway

C.layouttheroad

D.trytogetnearer

问题4选项

A.absurdity

B.logicalconclusion

C.opposite

D.paradox

问题5选项

A.becomeuncomfortable

B.contract

C.expand

D.splitup

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。文中第一句话Thereisnothingthatmanfearsmorethanthetouchoftheunknown.“没有什么比接触未知更让人害怕的了。”以及第二段第二句Theyshutthemselvesinhouseswhichnoonemayenter,notonlythefearofbeingrobbed,butalsothefearofasuddenandunexpectedclutchoutofthedarkness.“他们把自己关在一所不让人进去的房子里，不仅怕被抢劫，而且也怕突然地、意外地从黑暗中钻出来。”有提到，人们害怕未知事物是因为怕黑暗中的突然意外。A选项“他们来得突然，出乎意料”这是窃贼的特点，但不是人们害怕的理由；B选项“他们在黑暗中抓住你”，跟原文表达的意思是一样的；C选项“它们会带走你最珍贵的个人财产”文中有提及，但表示深层原因；D选项“他们在人们认为安全的家里攻击他们”跟“黑暗中被抓住”意思有出入。因此B选项符合题意。

第2题:判断推理题。文章第二段提到…weavoidactualcontactifwecan.Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone…“我们尽量避免实际接触。如果我们不回避它，那是因为我们被某人吸引了”，由此可知，在公共场合，作者认为我们不反对有吸引力的人对我们的碰触，所以B选项符合题意。A选项“总是避免与人接触”跟原文表述“尽量避免与人接触”还是有区别的，前者有些绝对化，人多的时候我们不可能避免接触，只是说尽量；C选项“感到十分不安”，文中没有提到关于心情方面；D选项“尽量不要被碰”也是比较绝对的说法。因此B选项正确。

第3题:语义推测题。由题意定位到文章第二段Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone;andthenitiswewhomaketheapproach.“如果我们不回避它，那是因为我们被某人吸引了；然后是我们来采取行动。”由此可知，maketheapproach意为“采取措施，采取行动”。A选项“逃跑”意思不对；B选项“让路，行走”也不符合题意；C选项“铺设道路”可排除；D选项“试着靠近”与approach（靠近）意思一致，比较符合题意。因此D选项正确。

第4题:判断推理题。由题干定位到文章第三段Itisonlyinacrowdthatmancanbecomefreeofthisfearofbeingtouched.Thatistheonlysituationinwhichthefearchangesintoitsopposite.

“只有在人群中，人们才能摆脱被触碰的恐惧。只有在这种情况下，恐惧才会变成与之相反的。”后面还给出了相应的合理解释。由此可知，我们在人群中一般的感受是合理的。B选项“合乎逻辑的结论”符合题意；A选项“荒谬，谬论”与题意相反；C选项“相反的”并不是原文要表达的意思；D选项“悖论”不合题意可排除。因此B选项正确。

第5题:判断推理题。结合文章最后一段Thisisperhapsoneofthereasonswhyacrowdseekstocloseinonitself:itwantstorideachindividualascompletelyaspossibleofthefearofbeingtouched.“这也许是群体慢慢向他自己靠拢的原因之一：它希望尽可能彻底地消除每个个体对被触碰的恐惧。”意思是人群多了，每个人所占据的空间就相应地缩小了，也就向自己越靠越紧了。B选项contract“收缩”符合题意。A选项“变得不舒服”，由最后一句话可知该选项意思不对；C选项“扩张”与题意正好相反；D选项“分开”文中未提及可排除。因此B选项正确。

12.单选题

Youshouldn'thavewritteninthe（

）sincethebookbelongstothelibrary.

问题1选项

A.interval

B.border

C.margin

D.edge

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。interval间隔，间距；border边境，边界；margin边缘，页边的空白；edge边缘，优势。

句意：你不应该写在页边的空白处，因为这本书是属于图书馆的。选项C符合句意。

13.单选题

Afterconsideringvariousalternatives,wedecidedto______ouroriginalplan.

问题1选项

A.hangon

B.holdto

C.taketo

D.seeto

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项hangon“坚持下去，握住不放”，尤指不挂上电话以等待想要的或要求的事物；B项holdto“坚持，紧握”，指坚持某个看法或路线；C项taketo“喜欢，开始从事”，D项seeto“注意，负责”。根据关键词originalplan“原来的计划”结合前半句句子意思“在考虑了各种替代方案后”可知，空格部分表示“坚持”，所以只有B项符合语境。句意：考虑了各种可选择的方案后，我们决定坚持原来的计划。因此，该题选择B项正确。

14.单选题

Thestrategyhasbeentoabolishnationalprotectionisminthesalesofterminalequipment,to（）onesetoftechnicalstandardsthroughouttheEC,andtoopenpublicpurchasingofequipmenttopan-Europeantender.

问题1选项

A.layout

B.laydown

C.layoff

D.layup

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析。layout“展示，安排”；laydown“制定，放下”；layoff“解雇，休息，停止工作；layup“储存”。句意：该战略一直是废除终端设备销售方面的国家保护主义，制定一套贯穿欧共体的技术标准，并向泛欧洲地区公开采购设备。选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

Mybrother’splansarevery（）;hewantstomasterEnglish,French