考研考博-英语-广东生态工程职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东生态工程职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Heshoutedin________ofthepoliceman’swarningtobequiet.

问题1选项

A.defense

B.defiance

C.attempt

D.view

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.defense防御，保卫B.defiance违抗，拒绝服从

C.attempt企图，尝试D.view看法，见解

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】前半句的“shouted（喊叫）”和后半句的“warningtobequiet（保持安静的警告）”形成对比，说明他并没有遵从警察要他安静的警告，也就是说他无视、拒绝服从警察的警告。indefianceof是固定搭配，意为“无视，违抗”，因此B选项defiance“违抗，拒绝服从”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项defense“防御，保卫”，indefenseof指保护某事物免受攻击、批评或为某人辩护，不能和“warning（警告）”进行搭配；

C选项attempt“企图，尝试”，没有相应的搭配用法；

D选项view“看法，见解”，inviewof指鉴于某事物，考虑到某原因，不符合题干的语义逻辑。

【句意】他大声喊叫，无视警察要他保持安静的警告。

2.单选题

Hegaveusan（）consenttotaketheapples,forhesmiledwhenhesawusdoit

问题1选项

A.exaggerated

B.implicit

C.impartial

D.extravagant

【答案】B

【解析】exaggerated夸张的；implicit含蓄的,暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的,浪费的。句意：他默许我们拿走苹果,因为当他看到我们这样做时,他笑了。选项B符合句意。

3.单选题

Ifshe（）themeasles,shecouldhavegonetothepark.

问题1选项

A.hadn’t

B.hadn’thad

C.hadhad

D.haven’t

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had＋过去分词，主句的谓语用should（would，might，could）＋have＋过去分词。句意：如果她没有出麻疹，她就会去公园了。因此，B选项符合句意。

4.单选题

Mr.Smithcannottellalieskillfully;anyonecan（

）.

问题1选项

A.seehimthrough

B.seehimthroughout

C.seethroughhim

D.seethroughouthim

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查固定短语。由关键信息cannottellalieskillfully“不善于说谎”可知短语动词seethrough“看穿，识破”符合题意，句意为：史密斯先生不善于说谎；任何人都可以看穿他。故答案选C。

5.单选题

TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)（）ofwordswhicharecomparativelyseldomused.

问题1选项

A.altitude

B.latitude

C.multitude

D.attitude

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项altitude“高度，海拔”；B选项latitude“纬度”；C选项multitude“大量，多数”；D选项attitude“态度，看法”。句意：英语中有_____相对较少使用的词。这里表达的意思是“有大量较少使用的词”，因此C选项符合题意。

6.单选题

Modernprintingequipmentquicklyturnsoutduplicatecopiesoftextualandpictorialmatter.

问题1选项

A.identical

B.double

C.illustrated

D.legible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。duplicate表示“复制的”。A项identical“同一的，完全相同的”，B项double“双倍的”，C项illustrated“有插图的”，D项legible“清晰的，易辨认的”。句意：现代印刷设备能迅速生产出文字和图片的复制品。根据句意，该题选A正确。

7.单选题

Ifeltsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoleave（）somethingoccurredwhichattractedmyattention.

问题1选项

A.unless

B.until

C.when

D.while

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。beabouttodo…when表示正准备做某事，某事就发生了。句意：我感到有点失望，正要离开时，发生了一件事引起了我的注意。选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Thesmelloffood（）thehungrychildrenintothehouse.

问题1选项

A.entertained

B.enticed

C.exterminated

D.expelled

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。entertained娱乐，款待；enticed吸引，诱使；exterminated消灭，根除；expelled驱逐，开除。句意：饥饿的孩子们被食物的香味吸引进屋。选项B符合句意。

9.单选题

Thegardenlookedasifit______foryears.

问题1选项

A.wasn’twatered

B.didn’twater

C.hasn’twatered

D.hadn’tbeenwatered

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态。句意：这花园看起来多年未浇水。looked为一般过去时，浇水的动作发生在过去的过去，侧重未浇水的结果，用过去完成时；结合花园被浇水确定用被动语态，D选项hadn’tbeenwatered符合题意。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Butthechanges,evenatthisearlystageofthe2012campaign,haveprovenmoredramaticand（）thanallbutthemost（）analysthadimagined.

问题1选项

A.exciting...pessimistic

B.unsettling...fretful

C.upsetting...optimistic

D.discomposing...lighthearted

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。Exciting“兴奋的，激动的”；pessimistic“悲观的”；unsettling“使人不安的”；fretful“焦躁的”；upsetting“令人苦恼的”；optimistic“乐观的”；discomposing“使不安”；lighthearted“无忧无虑的”。句意：但事实证明，即便是在2012年竞选早期，这些变化也比最焦躁不安的分析学家想象的更为剧烈和令人不安。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotograph’sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenceofphotographywayidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofrealityphotographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves-anythingbutmakingworksofart.Theyarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart.ItshowstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

Photographers’disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisorisnotart.Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.Muchofphotography’sprestigetodayderivesfromtheconvergenceofitsaimswiththoseofrecentart,particularlywiththedismissalofabstractartimplicitinthephenomenonofPoppaintingduringthe1960’s.Appreciatingphotographsisarelieftosensibilitiestiredofthementalexertionsdemandedbyabstractart.ClassicalModernistpainting—thatis,abstractartasdevelopedindifferentwaysbyPicasso,Kandinsky,andMatissepresupposeshighlydevelopedskillsoflookingandafamiliaritywithotherpaintingsandthehistoryofart.Photography,likePoppainting,reassuresviewersthatartisnothard;photographyseemstobemoreaboutitssubjectsthanaboutart.Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesandself-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity---inshort,anart.

1.Theauthorismainlyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes"theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism"astheauthorrepresentsitinLine13?

3.WhydoestheauthorintroduceAbstractExpressionistpainter?

4.Howdidthenineteenth-centurydefendersofphotographystressthephotography?

问题1选项

A.definingtheModernistattitudetowardart

B.explaininghowphotographyemergedasafineart

C.explainingtheattitudeofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstowardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistoricalcontext

D.definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporaryphotographerstaketowardtheirartandassessingthevalueofeachofthoseapproaches

问题2选项

A.Objective

B.Mechanical

C.Superficial

D.Paradoxical.

问题3选项

A.Hewantstoprovideanexampleofartistswho,likeseriouscontemporaryphotographers,disavowedtraditionallyacceptedaimsofmodemart.

B.HewantstosetforthananalogybetweentheAbstractExpressionistpaintersandclassicalModernistpainters.

C.HewantstoprovideacontrasttoPopartistandothers.

D.Hewantstoprovideanexplanationofwhyseriousphotography,likeothercontemporaryvisualforms,isnotandshouldnotpretendtobeanart.

问题4选项

A.Theystressedphotographywasameansofmakingpeoplehappy.

B.Itwasartforrecordingtheworld.

C.Itwasadeviceforobservingtheworldimpartially.

D.Itwasanartcomparabletopainting.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。A选项“界定现代主义者对艺术的态度”；B选项解释摄影是如何作为美术出现的”；C选项“说明当代严肃的摄影家对摄影作为艺术的态度，并把他们这些态度放在历史的进程来观察。”；D选项“界定当代严肃摄影家对待他们的艺术所具有的各种观点，并判定每种观点的价值”，根据文章大意可知最能概括文章中作者的主要思想的是D选项。

2.根据文章第二段最后一句“ItshowstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism;thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.”“这说明他们就是把现代主义胜利所强加的艺术概念视为合理的，其合理程度是：艺术越强，对艺术的传统目的破坏得越大。”确定D选项“矛盾的”正确，

3.推理判断题。A选项“他想列举哪些像当代严肃的摄影家一样抛弃了传统上被接受的现代艺术目的的艺术家的例子”，B选项“他想在抽象表现主义画家和古典现代主义画家之间找出相似点”，C选项“他想在流行艺术家和其它艺术家之间做一个对比”，D选项“他想解释为什么严肃摄影，像其它当代视觉形式一样不是艺术，而且也不应当充当艺术”。根据文章第三段第二句“Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting”“例如，这些认为通过拍照可以摆脱绘画所表现的艺术的矫饰的摄影家，使我们想起了那些抽象表现主义画家设想通过集中于绘画的物理行为而摆脱古典现代主义绘画所表现的严肃的思想。”，确定A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofrealityphotographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.”“针对摄影是一种没有灵魂的、对现实机械性复制的指责，摄影工作者声称摄影不是复制品，而是一种特殊的观察方式，是对平庸视觉的叛逆，和绘画一样有艺术价值。”可知19世纪摄影的支持者通过指出摄影是一种艺术并且和绘画一样有艺术价值来对摄影进行维护，所以D选项“摄影是一种艺术，可以和绘画相媲美”符合题意。

12.翻译题

Asoneoftheoldestcivilizationsoftheworld,Chinahasalonghistoryandbrilliantculture.AfterenteringtheeraofcivilizationintheXiaDynasty,Chinacreatedgloriousscienceandculture.Thecompass,gunpowder,paper-makingandprintingareconsideredtobethefourgreatinventionsofancientChina,whichhavecontributedimmenselytothecivilizationoftheworldandtheprogressofmankind.TheSilkRoadofChina,theoldesttraderouteintheworld,largelypromotedtheculturalexchangebetweentheEastandtheWest.

【答案】中国是世界上最古老的文明之一，有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化。中国在夏朝时开始进入文明时代之后，创造了辉煌的科技和文化。指南针、火药、造纸术、印刷术是中国古代的四大发明，对世界文明和人类的进步做出了极大的贡献。中国的丝绸之路—世界上最古老的贸易通道—极大地促进了东西方文化的交流。

13.不定项选择题

Isitpossibletopersuademankindtolivewithoutwar?Warisanancientinstitutionwhichhasexistedforatleastsixthousandyears.Itwasalwaysbadandusuallyfoolish,butinthepastthehumanracemanagedtolivewithit.Moderningenuityhaschangedthis.EitherManwillabolishwar,orwarwillabolishMan.Forthepresent,itisnuclearweaponsthatcausethemostseriousdanger,butbacteriologicalorchemicalweaponsmay,beforelong,offeranevengreaterthreat.Ifwesucceedinabolishingnuclearweapons,ourworkwillnotbedone.Itwillneverbedoneuntilwehavesucceededinabolishingwar.Todothis,weneedtopersuademankindtolookuponinternationalquestionsinanewway,notascontestsofforce,inwhichthevictorygoestosidewhichismostskillfulinkillingpeople,butbyarbitrationinaccordancewithagreedprinciplesoflaw.Itisnoteasytochangeveryoldmentalhabits,butthisiswhatmustbeattempted.

Therearethosewhosaythattheadoptionofthisorthatideologywouldpreventwar.Ibelievethistobeabigerror.Allideologiesarebasedupondogmaticstatementswhichare,atbest,doubtful,andatworst,totallyfalse.Theiradherentsbelieveinthemsofanaticallythattheyarewillingtogotowarinsupportofthem.

Themovementofworldopinionduringthepastfewyearshasbeenverylargelysuchaswecanwelcome.Ithasbecomeacommonplacethatnuclearwarmustbeavoided.Ofcourseverydifficultproblemsremainintheworld,butthespiritinwhichtheyarebeingapproachedisabetteronethanitwassomeyearsago.Ithasbeguntobethought,evenbythepowerfulmenwhodecidewhetherweshallliveordie,thatnegotiationsshouldreachagreementsevenifbothsidesdonotfindtheseagreementswhollysatisfactory.Ithasbeguntobeunderstoodthattheimportantconflictnowadaysisnotbetweendifferentcountries,butbetweenManandtheatombomb.

1.Thispassageimpliesthatwarisnow______.

2.Inthesentence“Todothis,weneedtopersuademankind.”(Para.1),“this”refersto______.

3.Fromparagraph2welearnthatthewriterofthepassage______.

4.Accordingtothewriter,

______.

5.Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat______.

问题1选项

A.worsethaninthepast

B.asbadasinthepast

C.notsodangerousasinthepast

D.asnecessaryasinthepast

问题2选项

A.abolishwar

B.improveweapons

C.solveinternationalproblems

D.liveapeacefullife

问题3选项

A.isanadherentofsomemodernideologies.

B.doesnotthinkthattheadoptionofanyideologycouldpreventwar

C.believesthattheadoptionofanyideologiescouldpreventwar

D.doesnotdoubtthetruthofanyideologies

问题4选项

A.waristheonlywaytosolveinternationaldisputes

B.warwillbelessdangerousbecauseoftheimprovementofweapons

C.itisimpossibleforpeopletolivewithoutwar

D.warmustbeabolishedifmanwantstosurvive

问题5选项

A.internationalagreementscanbereachedmoreeasilynow

B.manbeginstorealizethedangerofnuclearwar

C.nuclearwarwilldefinitelynottakeplace

D.worldopinionwelcomesnuclearwar

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。A选项“比以前更糟”；B选项“和以前一样糟”；C选项“没有以前那么危险”；D选项“和以前一样重要”。第一段第二句话Itwasalwaysbadandusuallyfoolish,butinthepastthehumanracemanagedtolivewithit.Moderningenuityhaschangedthis.EitherManwillabolishwar,orwarwillabolishMan.（它总是邪恶的，通常是愚蠢的，但在过去，人类设法忍受它。现代的智慧改变了这一切。要么人类废除战争，要么战争废除人类。）从这两句可知人类从前还能与战争共处，现在已经到了你死我亡的程度了，所以答案选A。

第2题:词义推断题。A选项“消除战争”；B选项“升级武器”；C选项“解决国际问题”；D选项“过平静的生活”。根据文章定位到第一段第六七八句Ifwesucceedinabolishingnuclearweapons,ourworkwillnotbedone.Itwillneverbedoneuntilwehavesucceededinabolishingwar.Todothis,…（即使我们成功地消除核武器，我们的工作也没有完成。在我们成功地废除了战争之前，这是永远不会完成的。为了做到这个……）从这句可以看出，this是指代前文的消除战争。消除武器不够，消除战争我们的工作才算完成，而要想消除战争就得以协商的方式解决国际争端。答案选A；其他选项不符合题意。

第3题:意图推断题。A选项“是一些现代想法的拥护者”；B选项“不认为采用任何意识形态就可以避免战争”；C选项“认为采取任何意识形态都可以防止战争”；D选项“不怀疑任何意识形态的真实性吗”。定位到第二段第一二句Therearethosewhosaythattheadoptionofthisorthatideologywouldpreventwar.Ibelievethistobeabigerror.（有人说，采用这种或那种意识形态可以防止战争。我认为这是大错特错。）从这里可以看出，作者歧视并不信那些能够预防战争的意识形态，所以答案选B。

第4题:意图推断题。A选项“战争是解决国际争端的唯一途径”；B选项“由于武器的改进，战争将变得不那么危险”；C选项“没有战争，人们是不可能生活的”；D选项“如果人类想要生存，就必须废除战争”。定位到文章第一段第二句话Itwasalwaysbadandusuallyfoolish,butinthepastthehumanracemanagedtolivewithit.Moderningenuityhaschangedthis.EitherManwillabolishwar,orwarwillabolishMan.（它总是邪恶的，通常是愚蠢的，但在过去，人类设法忍受它。现代的智慧改变了这一切。要么人类废除战争，要么战争废除人类。）从这里可以看出，作者认为现在人类和战争的关系已经是你死我活的关系了，作为人类肯定是希望人类消灭战争的，所以C选项错误，D选项正确。定位到最后一段倒数第二句…thatnegotiationsshouldreachagreementsevenifbothsidesdonotfindtheseagreementswhollysatisfactory.（谈判应达成协议，即使双方对这些协议并不完全满意），从这里可以看出战争并不是解决争端的唯一途径，A选项错误；定位到第一段第四句话Forthepresent,itisnuclearweaponsthatcausethemostseriousdanger…（就目前而言，造成最严重危险的是核武器），从这句可以看出，战争比以前严重多了，所以B选项错误。

第5题:意图推断题。A选项“现在达成国际协议更容易了”；B选项“人类开始认识到核战争的危险”；C选项“核战争肯定不会发生”；D选项“世界舆论欢迎核战争”。定位到最后一段最后一句话Ithasbeguntobeunderstoodthattheimportantconflictnowadaysisnotbetweendifferentcountries,butbetweenManandtheatombomb.（人们开始认识到，当今重要的冲突不是在不同的国家之间，而是在人和原子弹之间）从这句可以看出，国家之间的冲突远不再是重点，而是人类和原子弹是重点，所以答案选B。文章只提及解决国际争端的最好办法是达成国际协议，但没有提及难易程度，所以A选项错误。C、D选项文章没有提及。

14.单选题

TheAmericanRevolution1775-1783,wasastrugglebywhichthethirteencoloniesthatweretobecometheUnitedStateswonindependencefromBritain.Bythemiddleofthe18thcentury,differencesinlife,thought,andespeciallyeconomicinterestshadformedbetweenthecoloniesandthemothercountry.TheBritishGovernmenttriedtoregulatecolonialcommerceintheBritishinterest,andprovokedcolonialopposition.ThecolonistsconvenedtheContinentalCongressandpetitionedthekingforredressoftheirgrievances.In1774BritainrespondedwiththecoerciveIntolerableActs.FightingeruptedonApril9,1775atLexingtonandConcord.TheContinentalCongressappointedGeorgeWashingtontocommandtheContinentalArmyandonJuly4,1776.adoptedtheDeclarationofIndependence.ThecolonialvictoryintheSaratogaCampaignhelpedforgeaFrench-Americanalliance,whichbroughtvitalaidtothecolonists.Thesurrender.October1781,ofGeneralCornwallisendedthefightingandtheTreatyofParis(1783)recognizedtheU.S.asanation.

TheAmericanRevolutionwasnotarevolutioninthesenseofaradicalortotalchange.Itwasnotasuddenandviolentoverturningofthepoliticalandsocialframework,suchaslateroccurredinFranceandRussia,whenbothwerealreadyindependentnations.Significantchangeswereusheredin,buttheywerenotbreathtaking.Whathappenedwasacceleratedevolutionratherthanoutrightrevolution.Duringtheconflictitselfpeoplewentonworkingandpraying,marryingandplaying.Mostofthemwerenotseriouslydisturbedbytheactualfighting,andmanyofthemoreisolatedcommunitiesscarcelyknewthatawarwason.

America'sWarofIndependenceheraldedthebirthofthreemodernnations.OnewasCanada,whichreceiveditsfirstlargeinfluxofEnglish-speakingpopulationfromthethousandsofloyalistswhofledtherefromtheUnitedStates.AnotherwasAustralia,whichbecameapenalcolonynowthatAmericawasnolongeravailableforprisonersanddebtors.Thethirdnewcomer-theUnitedStates-baseditselfsquarelyonrepublicanprinciples.

Yeteventhepoliticaloverturnwasnotsorevolutionaryasonemightsuppose.Insomestates,notablyConnecticutandRhodeIsland,thewarlargelyratifiedacolonialself-rulealreadyexisting.Britishofficials,everywhereousted,werereplacedbyahome-growngoverningclass,whichpromptlysoughtalocalsubstituteforkingandparliament.

1.TheAmericanRevolutionbrokeoutmainlyasaresultofconflictsbetweenthethirteencoloniesandBritainin（

）.

2.Theword"coercive"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingelementsdirectlycontributedtothevictoriousconclusionoftheAmericanRevolution?

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheloyalistswhoescapedtoCanadawere（

）. 

5.Whatwilltheparagraphfollowingthepassagemostprobablydiscuss?

问题1选项

A.ideologicaltrends

B.lifestyles

C.culturaldifferences

D.economicinterests

问题2选项

A.compellingbyforce

B.compensatingtheloss

C.comingtotermsbynegotiation

D.reconcilingbyacompromise

问题3选项

A.TheLexingtonCampaign.

B.TheContinentalCongress.

C.TheDeclarationofIndependence.

D.TheFrenchAmericanalliance.

问题4选项

A.Russian

B.French

C.British

D.Australian

问题5选项

A.ThetransportofprisonerstoAustralia.

B.Thecreationofnewstategovernments.

C.EventsleadinguptotheAmericanRevolution.

D.HowCanadaandtheUnitedStatesbecamefriends.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段第二句提到到了18世纪中叶，殖民地和母国之间在生活、思想，尤其是经济利益方面形成了差异（Bythemiddleofthe18thcentury,differencesinlife,thought,andespeciallyeconomicinterestshadformedbetweenthecoloniesandthemothercountry），由此可知，殖民地与母国发生冲突最大的原因是因为经济利益。选项D符合题意。

2.词义题。根据FightingeruptedonApril9,1775atLexingtonConcord，战争爆发是由于母国的武力强制，因此选项A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第一段倒数第二句话提到萨拉托大捷帮助建立了法美联盟，为殖民地人民带来了至关重要的援助（ThecolonialvictoryintheSaratogaCampaignhelpedforgeaFrench-Americanalliance,whichbroughtvitalaidtothecolonists），因此选项D符合题意。

4.推理判断题。文章第三段提到加拿大的第一大批讲英语的流入人口来自于成千上万英王的效忠者，这些人从美国逃到了加拿大（OnewasCanada,whichreceiveditsfirstlargeinfluxofEnglish-speakingpopulationfromthethousandsofloyalistswhofledtherefromtheUnitedStates），可知这些逃到加拿大的人是英国王室的效忠者，所以选项C符合题意。

5.推理判断题。题目问的是“接下来的一段最可能讨论什么问题？”最后讲述了政治的颠覆并不像人们想象的那样具有革命性。以一些州为例，战争在很大程度上认可了已经存在的殖民自治，英国官员被地方统治阶级代替。选项B“新的州政府的建立”与最后一段关系密切，符合题意。

15.单选题

Wantingto（）muchandworkingharderthaneverdonotleavemuchroomforrelationships.

问题1选项

A.preoccupy

B.feast

C.accomplish

D.predominate

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。preoccupy“使全神贯注”；feast“赴宴”；accomplish“完成”；predominate“支配，主宰”。句意：想要占主导地位，就要比以往任何时候都更努力地工作，不要给人际关系留下太多时间。选项D符合题意。

16.单选题

8.

问题1选项

A.Inthegym.

B.Intheoffice.

C.Intheclinic.

D.Intheboat.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Ok,everythinglooksship-shape.

W:Great!WhenshouldIcomeagainforaphysical?

Q:Wheredidthisconversationprobablytakeplace?

【解析】推断题。女士问何时来复查，由此推断对话场景应为医院。

17.单选题

Playerswillbe_______againstfourothersworldwideinatimedcompetitiontoanswertriviaquestionsfromthe1950stopresentday.

问题1选项

A.trifled

B.wreathed

C.instigated

D.pitted

【答案】D

【解析】trifle浪费,虚度;wreathe环绕盘旋;instigate教唆,怂恿;pit使留疤痕,使竞争,pitagainst使与……对抗,使竞争。句意：玩家将在一场计时比赛中与来自世界各地的另外四名玩家进行较量,回答从20世纪60年代至今的一些琐碎问题。选项D符合句意。

18.单选题

Sheaskedhimwhathethoughtofher______dress.

问题1选项

A.greenprettylittle

B.littlegreenpretty

C.prettylittlegreen

D.prettygreenlittle

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词的顺序问题。出现多个形容词修饰一个名词，顺序是：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。按此规律，pretty属于限定词，little是描述大小，green描述颜色，故C项正确。句意：她问他这件漂亮的绿色小连衣裙怎么样。故正确答案为C。

19.单选题

Lawyersemergedfrom（）intheeighteencenturytobecomekeymembersofthecommercialcolonies.

问题1选项

A.prominence

B.obscurity

C.significance

D.originality

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。prominence“突出，显著”；obscurity“朦胧，晦涩，身份低微”；significance“意义，重要性”；originality“创意，创造力”。句意：18世纪，律师从默默无闻一跃成为商业殖民地的重要成员。此处需要注意题干中的“from...to...”，说明有转变，to后面是“重要成员”，而能体现这一转变的选项为Bobscurity。

20.单选题

Mylittlesisterisnotallowedtoplaywiththechildrennextdoorbecauseoneofthemissufferingfromaninfectiousdisease.

问题1选项

A.atransferring

B.atouching

C.acontaminating

D.acontagious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项atransferring“转移”；B选项atouching“感人的”；C选项acontaminating“污染”；D选项acontagious“传染的”。句意：我的小妹妹不被允许和隔壁的孩子们一起玩，因为他们中的一个患了传染病。划线部分aninfectious是传染的意思。因此D选项正确。

21.单选题

Evenwhentextbooksare______throughaschoolsystem,methodsofteachingmayvarygreatly.

问题1选项

A.commonplace

B.standardized

C.competitive

D.generalized

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项commonplace“平凡的，普通的”；B选项standardized“标准化的”；C选项competitive“竞争的，比赛的”；D选项generalized“普遍的，广泛的”。根据Even可知空格与varygreatly的意思相反，因此选B。句意：即使教科书通过学校系统标准化，教学方法也可能有很大的不同。

22.问答题

Iwasfinallyabletoconvincehimofitsvalue.(Ifinallysucceeded)

【答案】Ifinallysucceededinconvincinghimofitsvalue.

23.单选题

“WelcometotheUSA!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!”Bythemillionstheyarecomingnolongerthetired,thepoor,thewretchedmasseslongingforabetterliving.Thesearethewealthy.“Wedon’thaveabudget,”saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity’sSouthStreet.“Wejustuseourcreditcards.”

TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworld’smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycomeroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement(廉价商品部).NobodyundersellsAmericathesedaysonjustabouteverything,fromconsumerelectronicstofashionclothestotennisrackets.Bottomretailpricesanywherefrom30%to70%lowerthanthoseinEuropeandAsiahaveattractedsome47millionvisitors,whoareexpectedtoleavebehind$79billionin1994.That’supfrom$74billiontheyearbefore.

True,noteveryonecomesjustforbargains.ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingintheUSAisprovingirresistible.Everyweekthousandsarrivewithemptysuitcasesreadytobefilled;someevenrentanadditionalhotelroomtoholdtheirpurchases.Thebuyingbinge(无节制)hasbecomeasimportantaswatchingOldFaithfulFountainseruptinYellowstoneParkorsunbathingonabeachinFlorida.

TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.Andwithatradedeficitatabout$130billionandgrowingforthepast12months,theUSneedsallthedepositsitcanget.ComparedwithAmericantouristsabroad,visitorstotheUSstaylongerandspendmoremoneyateachstop;anaverageof12.2nightand$1624atravelerversustheAmericans’fournightsand$298.

41.FromwhattheBrazilianbiologistsays,weknowthattouristslikeher（）.

42.Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat（）.

43.Bysaying“nobodyundersellsAmerica”,theauthormeansthat（）.

44.WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeigners?

45.FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheUShascometorealize（）.

问题1选项

A.arereluctanttocarrycashwiththem

B.simplydon’tcarehowmuchtheyspend

C.arenotgoodatplanningtheirexpenditure

D.oftenspendmoremoneythantheycanafford

问题2选项

A.itsawanunusuallylargenumberoftouristsintheUS

B.itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouristsintheUS

C.tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheUSdollarthatyear

D.touristscametotheUSforsightseeingratherthanforbargainsthatyear

问题3选项

A.nocountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

D.nocountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

问题4选项

A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.

B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld'slatestfashions.

C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology.

D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations.

问题5选项

A.theweakeningoftheUSdollarcanresultintradedeficits

B.thelowertheretailprices,thegreatertheprofits

C.tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy

D.visitorstotheUSarethewealthiestintheworld

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】41.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到原文第一段，Wedon’thaveabudget...wejustuseourcreditcards.（我们没有预算，我们只用信用卡。）是指花钱不用做预算，想买就用信用卡，其暗含的意思就是B选项“根本不在乎他们花了多少钱”正确。A选项“不愿意带现金”，虽然文章说他们用信用卡，但是并没有说他们就不爱用现金，错误；C选项“不擅长规划自己的支出”，原文没有提到；D选项“经常花的钱超出他们的负担能力”，过度推断。

42.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycomeroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.（首先是世界杯，吸引了来自世界各地的成千上万的人；其次是美元对其他主要货币的汇率下跌。）这两点吸引了大量的游客，因此这一年才非同寻常，因此A选项“美国的游客数量异乎寻常地多”，正确。B选项“到美国旅游的人数出现了下降”，与事实相反；C选项“那一年，旅游业几乎没有受到美元贬值的影响”，与原文不符，原文说了美元贬值也是它的原因之一；D选项“那一年，游客来美国观光而不是买便宜货”，无法通过原文推断出来。

43.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段第三句话NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement.（美国现在仍是世界上的超级大国，也可以声称是世界上的廉价商品部。）所以，nobodyundersellsAmerica这句话所暗含的意思是：没有哪个国家的物价水平比美国更低。在后文中，作者又提到了美国的零售底价比欧洲低30%，比亚洲低70%。这一事实更证明了这一观点的正确性。因此D选项“没有一个国家的售价比美国更低”正确。A选项“没有一个国家会低估美国产品的竞争力”，原文没有提及；B选项“没有人指望美国人降低他们的商品价格”，无关选项；C选项“没有人限制美国商品的销售”，无关项。

44.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingtheUSAisprovingirresistible.（在世界其他地方，人们对美国的一切事物都有着不可否认的迷恋，这得益于好莱坞电影和美国电视