考研考博-英语-成都中医药大学考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-成都中医药大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Electriceelsusechargesto______preyandalsostunthembeforetheyeatthem.

问题1选项

A.examine

B.detect

C.determine

D.search

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项examine“检查”；B选项detect“探测”；C选项determine“决定”；D选项search“搜索”。句意：电鳗利用电荷探测猎物，并在吃掉猎物之前把它们打晕。本句表示探测猎物。因此B选项正确。

2.翻译题

(1)Educatinggirlsquitepossiblyoutputsahigherrateofreturnthananyotherinvestmentavailableinthedevelopingworld.Women’seducationmaybeunusualterritoryforeconomistsbutenhancingwomen’scontributiontodevelopmentisactuallyasmuchaneconomicasasocialissue.Andeconomicswithitsemphasisonincentives(激励),providesguidepoststhatpointtoanexplanationforwhysomanygirlsaredeprivedofaneducation.

Parentsinlow-incomecountriesfalltoinvestintheirdaughtersbecausetheydonotexpectthemtomakeaneconomiccontributiontothefamilygirlsgrowuponlytomanyintosomebodyelse'sfamilyandbearchildren.(2)Girlsarethusseenaslessvaluablethanboysandarekeptathometodohouseworkwhiletheirbrothsaresenttoschool—theprophecy(预言)becomesself-fulfillingtappingwomeninviciouscircle(恶性循环)ofneglect.

(3)Aneducatedmother,ontheotherhand,hasgreaterearningabilitiesoutsidethehomeandfacesanentirelydifferentsetofchoices.Sheislikelytohavefewerbuthealthierchildrenandcaninsistonthedevelopmentofallherchildren,ensuringthatherdaughtersaregivenafairchance.(4)Theeducationofherdaughtersthenmakesitmuchmorelikelythatthenextgenerationofgirls,aswellasofboys,willbeeducatedandhealthy.Theviciouscircleisthustransformedintoavirtuouscircle.

(5)Fewwilldisputethateducatingwomenhasgreatsocialbenefits.Butithasenormouseconomicadvantagesaswell.Mostobviously,thereisthedirecteffectofeducationonthewagesoffemaleworkers.Wagesriseby10to20percentforeachadditionalyearofschooling.Suchbigreturnsareimpressivebythestandardofotheravailableinvestments,buttheyarejustthebeginning.Educatingwomenalsohasasignificantimpactonhealthpractices,includingfamilyplanning.

【答案】1.在发展中国家，教育女孩很可能比其他任何投资都能产生更高的回报率。

2.因此，人们认为女孩不如男孩有价值，女孩被留在家里做家务，而她们的兄弟则被送去上学。这个预言自我应验，让女性陷入被忽视的恶性循环。

3.另一方面，受过良好教育的母亲在外挣钱的能力更强，并且面临着完全不同的选择。

4.她女儿受到的教育使下一代女孩更有可能和男孩一样，受到教育并且健康。

5.几乎没有人会对女性受教育具有巨大的社会效益提出异议，而这也具有巨大的经济效益。

3.单选题

Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesofferedbytheseprojects______thewillofthepoortohelpthemselvesandenablethemtoleadself-sufficientlives.

问题1选项

A.prolong

B.enforce

C.reinforce

D.inform

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项prolong“延长；拖延”；B选项enforce“实施，执行；强迫，强制”；C选项reinforce“加强，加固；强化；补充”；D选项inform“通知；告诉；报告”。句意：这些项目提供的物质支持和咨询服务……了穷人自助的意愿，使他们能够过上自给自足的生活。根据Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesbytheseprojects（这些项目提供的物质支持和咨询服务）可推测这些项目对……来说是有利的，A选项不符合题意，可排除。B选项含贬义也可排除。D选项不符合题意，可排除。结合句意，C选项正确。

4.单选题

Asisknowntoall,avaguelawisalways（）todifferentinterpretations.

问题1选项

A.invulnerable

B.immune

C.resistant

D.susceptible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。invulnerable“不会受伤害的，无懈可击的”；immune“免疫的”；resistant“抵抗的，有抵抗力的”；susceptible“容许……的；易受影响的”。句意：众所周知，一条含糊不清的法规总允许有不同的解释。选项D符合题意。

5.单选题

TherewasonethingthatshockedmeabouttheQueenwhenhewalkedintotheroomwithMrs.Obama,namelyherheight;theBritishmonarchisonly163cmtall,muchshorterthanIhadimagined.

问题1选项

A.shockedmeabout

B.whenhewalkedintothe

C.namely

D.hadimagined.

E.没有问题

【答案】B

【解析】人称代词误用。he改为she。句中queen（女王）指的是女性。

6.单选题

Youmanyhaveeverenteredabookstorejusttotake()fromasuddenshower,butyoufoundtimespenttherewasveryenjoyable.

问题1选项

A.shield

B.shelter

C.avoidance

D.protection

【答案】B

【解析】takeshelterfrom为固定搭配，意为躲避。句意：许多人进入书店只是为了躲避骤雨，但你们会发现在那里度过的时光是非常愉快的。

7.单选题

Attendanceatcinemahas（

）greatlysincetheinventionofTVsets.

问题1选项

A.droppedin

B.droppedoff

C.droppedon

D.droppedout

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析题。A选项dropin“使落进”；B选项dropoff“减少”；C选项dropon“偶然发现，突然拜访”；D选项dropout“退出，脱离”。句意：自从发明电视机以来，看电影的人就大大减少了。选项B符合句意。

8.单选题

Whytheinductiveandmathematicalsciences,aftertheirfirstrapiddevelopmentattheculminationofGreekcivilization,advancedsoslowlyfortwothousandyears-andwhyinthefollowingtwoyearsaknowledgeofnaturalandmathematicalsciencehasaccumulated,whichsovastlyexceedsallthatwaspreviouslyknownthatthesesciencesmaybejustlyregardedastheproductsofourowntimes—arequestionswhichhaveinterested,themodernphilosophernotlessthan,theobjectswithwhichthesesciencesaremoreimmediatelyconversant.Wasittheemploymentofanewmethodofresearch,orintheexerciseofgreatervirtueintheuseoftheoldmethods,thatthissingularmodernphenomenonhaditsorigin?Wasthelongperiod-oneofarresteddevelopment,andisthemoderneraoneofnormalgrowth?Orshouldweascribethecharacteristicsofbothperiodstoso-calledhistoricalaccidents—totheinfluenceofconjunctionsincircumstancesofwhichnoexplanationispossible,saveintheomnipotenceandwisdomofaguidingprovidence?

Theexplanationwhichhasbecomecommonplace,thattheancientsemployeddeductionchieflytheirscientificinquiries,whilethemodernsemployinduction,provestobetoonarrow,andfailsuponcloseexaminationtopointwithsufficientdistinctnessthecontrastthatisevidentbetweenancientandmodernscientificdoctrinesandinquiriesForallknowledgeisfoundedonobservation,andproceedsfromthisbyanalysis,bysynthesis,andanalysis,byinductionanddeduction,andifpossiblebyverification,orbynewappealstoobservationundertheguidanceofdeduction-bystepswhichareindeedcorrelativepartsofonemethod;landtheancientsciences,affordexamplesofeveryoneofthesemethods,orpartsofonemethod,whichhavebeengeneralizedfromtheexamplesofscience.

Afailuretoemployortoemployadequatelyanyoneofthesepartialmethods,animperfectionintheartsandresourcesofobservationandexperiment,carelessnessinobservation,neglectofrelevantfact,byappealtoexperimentandobservation-thesearethefaultswhichcauseallfailurestoascertaintruth,whetheramongtheancientsorthemoderns:butthisstatementdoesnotexplainwhythemodernispossessedofa-greatervirtue,andbywhatmeansheattainedhissuperiority.Muchlessdoesitexplainthesuddengrowthofscienceinrecenttimes.

Theattempttodiscovertheexplanationofthisphenomenonintheantithesisof“facts”and“theories”or"facts"and"ideas"—inneglectamongtheancientsoftheformer,andtheirtooexclusiveattentiontothelatte?—provesalsotobetoonarrow,aswellasopentothechargeofvagueness.Forinthefirstplace,theantithesisisnotcomplete.Factsandtheoriesarenotcoordinatespecies.Theories,iftrue,arefacts-aparticularglassoffactsindeed,generallycomplex,andifalogicalconnectionsubsistsbetweentheirconstituents,haveallthepositiveattributesoftheories.

Nevertheless,thisdistinction,howeverinadequateitmaybetoexplainthesourceoftruemethodinscience,iswellfounded,andconnotesanimportantcharacterintruemethoD.Afactisapropositionofsimpleverification.Atheory,ontheotherhand,iftruehasallthecharacteristicsofafact,exceptthatitsverificationispossibleonlybyindirect,remote,anddifficultmeans.Toconverttheoriesintofactsistoaddsimpleverification,andthetheorythusacquiresthefullcharacteristicsofafact.

1.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,onepossiblereasonforthegrowthofscienceduringthedaysoftheancientGreeksandinmoderntimesis（）.

3.Thedifferencebetween"fact"and"theory"（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,mathematicsis（）.

5.Thestatement"Theoriesarefacts"maybecalled（）.

问题1选项

A.PhilosophyofMathematics

B.TheRecentGrowthinScience

C.TheVerificationofFacts

D.MethodsofScientificInquiry

问题2选项

A.thesimilaritybetweenthetwoperiods

B.thatbothtriedtodeveloptheinductivemethod

C.thatitwasanactofGod

D.duetothedeclineofthedeductivemethod

问题3选项

A.isthatthelatterneedsconfirmation

B.restsonthesimplicityoftheformer

C.isthedifferencebetweenthemodernscientistsandtheancientGreeks

D.helpsustounderstandthedeductivemethod

问题4选项

A.aninductivescience

B.inneedofsimpleverification

C.adeductivescience

D.basedonfactandtheory

问题5选项

A.ametaphor

B.aparadox

C.apun

D.anappraisaloftheinductiveanddeductivemethods

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。题干意为本文最好的标题表述。原文第一段提出问题：为什么从希腊文化顶峰时期后两千年来归纳法和数学科学发展如此缓慢，而后的两百年又超越了前人，是应用新旧方法关系还是其他。第二段讲埃及古代在科学探索中运用了演绎推理法，而现在应用了归纳法。但是，这种解释太狭隘，经仔细审核，难以很清晰地点明古代和现代科学教义和探究上明显的差别。第四、五段涉及事实和理论的关系。综合考虑下可以判断D为最佳选项。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章中“Or,shouldweascribethecharacteristicsofbothperiodstoso-calledhistoricalaccidents-totheinfluenceofconjunctionsincircumstancesofwhichnoexplanationispossible,saveintheomnipotenceandwisdomofaguidingprovidence?”中文翻译为：或者我们是否应当把两个阶段的特点归因于所谓的历史的偶然性（意外事件）——归因于客观环境中相似（结合）的影响。这一点除非以指导一切的上帝的智慧和无限权利来解释，否则难以解说清楚。可以得知C选项符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段,事实是一个提议，通过运用知识的源泉和经验而证实的提议直接而又简单。若是真理论，就有事实的一切特性（除非其证实只能通过非直接的，遥远的和困难的方式方法），把理论转成事实必须用简单的核实，理论因此具有事实的一切特性。因此，A最符合题意。

4.推理判断题。aninductivescience“归纳法科学”；inneedofsimpleverification“需要简单证实”；adeductive“推理演绎科学”；basedonfactandtheory“基于事实和理论”。基于对“数学”的理解，C最符合题意。

5.推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到“Forinthefirstplace,theantithesisisnotcomplete.Factsandtheoriesarenotcoordinatespecies.Theories,iftrue,arefacts-aparticularglassoffactsindeed,generallycomplex,andifalogicalconnectionsubsistsbetweentheirconstituents,haveallthepositiveattributesoftheories.”，中文翻译为：因为首先，对立是不完整的，事实和理论不是同类的事物。理论，如果是真正的理论，就是事实——一种特殊类别的事实，一般性的复杂，但仍是事实。而事实，从词的狭义来说，如果很复杂，如果各成分中存在着逻辑的联系，就具有理论的一切主要特征。可知，B项“似非而是的隽语；悖论”正确。

9.单选题

Duetopersonality（

）,thetwocolleaguesnevergowellinwork.

问题1选项

A.confrontation

B.contradiction

C.conflict

D.competition

【答案】C

【解析】考察名词、介词辨析。personalityconflict“性格不合”。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Itisa（

）thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople.

问题1选项

A.debate

B.dispute

C.dilemma

D.paradox

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项debate“辩论，讨论”；B选项dispute“辩论，争吵”；C选项dilemma“困境，进退两难”；D选项paradox“悖论，自相矛盾的人或事”。句意：在如此富裕的国家竟然有那么多穷人，这是一个多么矛盾的事情。选项D符合句意。

11.问答题

Normal

0

7.8磅

0

2

false

false

false

EN-US

ZH-CN

X-NONE

Insomequarters(A)qualitativeeasingisstillataintedterm,

associated(B)bothwithmercantilism,asaweaponinacurrencywar,or

(C)monetaryadventurism.Butthestigmaisfading.Indeedsomecentral

banksnowsaytheyaredoingQEevenwhen(D)theydon't.TheBankof

Korea,forexample,(E)hasresolvedtobuyunlimitedamountsofbondsfromfinancialinstitutionsthatpromiseto(F)repurchasethem

afterthreepurchases.FeweconomistswoulddescribethemasQE.Butfarfrom(H)resist

theterm,（）.(I)Everin

thefieldofcentralbankinghavesomanyworriedsolittleaboutbuyingso

much.

【答案】1.A，改成quantativeeasing。

2.B，改成eitherwith。

3.D，改成theyaren’t。

4.H，改成resisting。

5.I，改成Neverinthefieldof。

【解析】1.句意：在某些领域，QE仍是一个有污点的术语…。此段讲的是“量化宽松(QE)”,其全程应为quantativeeasing。

2.句意：要么与重商主义（作为货币战争中的武器）有联系，要么与货币冒险主义有联系。根据后面的连词or可知，B处应该是“eitherwith”，“either…or…”表示“要么…要么…”。

3.句意：一些央行现在确实表示自己正在实施量化宽松政策，尽管他们并没有这么做。这里用了省略，实际上应该是“whentheyarenotdoingQE”。

4.句意：但韩国银行并没有抵制这一术语…。Farfrom在此表示“远飞，绝不，并没有”，后面应该接doingsth.。

5.句意：在中央银行领域，从来没有这么多人对购买这么多债券如此不担心。根据句意可知，这里表示否定，所以应该是否定词never放句首，后面用了倒装。

12.单选题

Mostcellsaretransparent—inotherwords,theyarenotverygoodatreflectingorabsorbinglight.Tolookatthemunderamicroscopethusrequirestrickery.Manyofthesetrickskillthecells,andeventhosethatkeepthemalivelookonlyatslicesthrougheachcell,ratherthanseeingthewholethinginthreedimensions.MichaelFeld,oftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,andhiscolleagues,thinktheycanchangethat.Theyhaveinventedawaytolookatcellsthatarestillalive.Moreover,theycandosointhreedimensions.Theirmethodiscalledtomographicphasemicroscopy,anditisreportedinthisweek’sNatureMethods.Insteadofrelyingonabsorbedorreflectedlight,Dr.Feld’stechniquecelebratestransparencybylookingatlightthatgetsthroughunaltered.Itdoessobymeasuringapropertycalledtherefractiveindex.

Thisindexmeasuresthespeedoflightinamaterial.(Lightzipsalongattheactual“speedoflight”,fasterthanwhichnothingcango,onlywhenitistravellingthroughavacuum.)Thedifferentcomponentsofacell,thoughtransparent,havedifferentrefractiveindices.Dr.Feldandhisteamthereforesetouttomapwhatthesedifferencesare,withaviewtousingthemtodistinguishbetweencellularcomponents.

Tomeasuretherefractiveindicesofdifferentpartsofacelltheyuseatechniquecalledinterferometry,whichinvolvessplittingabeamoflightintwo.Onehalf,knownastheobjectbeam,passesthroughthecell;theotherisdirectedalongadifferentpathandactasareference.Thelengthofthereferencepathissuchthatifnosampleispresent,thetwodaughterbeamswillbeasperfectlyinphasewhentheymeetastheywerewhentheywereseparated.Thecrestsandthetroughsoftheirwaveswillreinforceeachother,andtheresultwillbebrightness.Themorethatthelightpassingthroughthesampleissloweddown,however,themorethetwobeamswillbeoutofphase.Crestwillfallontrough,andtheresultwillbedarkness.ItisthisphaseshiftthatgivesDr.Feld’snewformofmicroscopyitsname.

Asinglepairofbeamsdoesnot,however,produceausefulimage.Todothatrequiresscanningtheobjectbeamthroughthetargetaboutahundreddifferentways.Fromtherefractiveindexofeachpathitispossible—withtheapplicationofsomesuitablycrunchycomputingpower—toproduceathree-dimensionalimage.

Totesthisidea,Dr.Feldlookedatcervical-cancercells.Ifyouidentifythiscancerearly,thepatientwillprobablysurvive.Missit,andhe/shewilldie.Dr.Feldwonderedifthechangesthatoccurduringcancerwouldshowupusinghisnewmethod.Theydid,inapartofthecellcalledthenucleolus.Thisistheplacewherethecomponentsofproteinfactoriesaremade.Sincecancercellsgrowrapidly,andthushaveahighdemandforproteins,itwasalikelyplacetoexpectchanges.

Dr.Feldalsohasplanstousebeamsofdifferentcolors,sinceeachcolorhasaslightlydifferentrefractiveindexinagivenmaterial.Thatwouldprovideextradataforthecomputertochewon,andprobablyresultinbetterpictures.Withenoughpictures,Dr.Feld’stechniquemaymakebiologyastransparentasthecellsitstudies.

31.Tomographicphasemicroscopyisdifferentfromtheothertricksthatlookatcellsinthat________.

32.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthespeedoflightinmaterials?

33.Theresultofdarknessinthetechniqueofinterferometryimpliesthat________.

34.Dr.Feld’smethodcouldbeappliedintoidentifyingcancerearlyby________.

35.Thebesttitleifthepassagecouldbe________.

问题1选项

A.thelightthatgetsthroughthecellsisunalteredintomographicphasemicroscopy

B.itdoesnotrequirethetrickerytokillcells

C.itisnotdependentonabsorbedorreflectedlight

D.itcouldseeallthecomponentsofthecellsfromthreedimensions

问题2选项

A.Lightrunsthefastestwhenitpassesthroughtransparentmaterialsintherealworld.

B.Thespeedoflightcanonlybepreciselymeasuredwhenthelightistravellinginvacuum.

C.Thespeedoflightinanymaterialisslowerthantheactual“speedoflight”.

D.Thespeedoflightshiftswhenthelighttravelsthroughdifferentcells.

问题3选项

A.thereisnolightpassingthroughthesample

B.therefractiveindexofthesampleisverygreat

C.thespeedofthelightpassingthroughthesampleisveryslow

D.thetwodaughterbeamsweakeneachother

问题4选项

A.detectingchangesofrefractiveindicesinthecomponentsofproteinfactories

B.findingoutthechangesoftherefractiveindicesinsomepartsofthecervical-cancercells

C.examiningthechangesoftherefractiveindicesinthenucleolus

D.identifyingthechangesoftherefractiveindicesinpartofthenucleolusofthecancercells

问题5选项

A.ImageoftheTransparentCells

B.NewTechniqueofCelebratingTransparency

C.RefractiveIndicesoftheTransparentCells

D.NewMethodofDetectingCancerCells

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】31.事实细节题。根据第一段倒数第二句Insteadofrelyingonabsorbedorreflectedlight,Dr.Feld’stechnique…（费尔德博士的技术不依赖于吸收光或反射光），可知层析相显微镜技术最独特的地方在于C选项“不依赖于吸收或反射光”，所以C选项正确。A选项“通过细胞的光在层析相显微镜中是不变的”：根据第三段第一句Tomeasuretherefractiveindicesofdifferentpartsofacell…whichinvolvessplittingabeamoflightintwo.（为了测量细胞不同部分的折射率……这种技术包括将一束光一分为二。），可知在层析相显微镜技术中，通过细胞的光会变化，故错误。B选项“不需要技巧来杀死细胞”：根据第一段第三句Manyofthesetrickskillthecells,andeventhosethatkeepthemalivelookonlyatslicesthrougheachcell（许多这样的把戏杀死了细胞，甚至那些使细胞存活的把戏也只能看到每个细胞的切片），可知不是杀死细胞才能观察，而是在观察的过程中杀死了细胞，故错误。D选项“它可以从三维空间看到细胞的所有组成部分”：文中没有提到，故错误。因此C选项正确。

32.推理判断题。根据第二段第二句Lightzipsalongattheactual“speedoflight”,fasterthanwhichnothingcango,onlywhenitistravellingthroughavacuum.（只有在真空中，光以实际的“光速”移动，才能超过任何物体的速度。），可知光在真空中最快，所以C选项“任何物质中的光速都比实际的‘光速’要慢。”正确，B选项“只有当光在真空中传播时，才能精确测量光速。”错误。A选项“在现实世界中，光通过透明材料时跑得最快。”和D选项“当光通过不同的细胞时，光的速度会发生变化”文章没有提到，故错误。因此C选项正确。

33.推理判断题。根据第三段ifnosampleispresent,thetwodaughterbeamswillbeasperfectlyinphasewhentheymeet…Thecrestsandthetroughsoftheirwaveswillreinforceeachother,andtheresultwillbebrightness…themorethetwobeamswillbeoutofphase.Crestwillfallontrough,andtheresultwillbedarkness（如果没有样本存在，两个子光束相遇时的相位完全相同……波浪的波峰和波谷会相互加强，结果就是明亮……两束光的相位就越不一致。波峰将落在波谷上，结果将是黑暗。），可知如果两个子光束相遇时相位相同，波峰和波谷会相互加强，结果是明亮，那么如果结果是黑暗，两个子光束相位不一致，两个子光束就是相互削弱，所以D选项“两个子光束相互削弱”正确。A选项“没有光通过样品”的结果是明亮，故错误。B选项“样品的折射率非常大”文中没有提到，故错误。C选项“光通过样品的速度非常慢”：通过很慢不一定是唯一原因，子光束的相位不同才是直接原因，故错误。因此D选项正确。

34.事实细节题。根据第五段第二、三句Dr.Feldwonderedifthechangesthatoccurduringcancerwouldshowupusinghisnewmethod.Theydid,inapartofthecellcalledthenucleolus.Thisistheplacewherethecomponentsofproteinfactoriesaremade.（菲尔德博士想知道，如果使用他的新方法，癌症期间发生的变化是否会显现出来。他们在细胞的核仁中找到了。这里是制造蛋白质工厂成分的地方。），可知通过细胞核仁可以诊断癌症，所以C选项“检查核仁折光指数的变化”正确。A选项“检测蛋白质工厂成分的折射率变化”：文中指的是制造蛋白质工厂成分的核仁，而不是这些成分，故错误。B选项“发现子宫颈癌细胞某些部位的折光指数变化”和D选项“识别部分癌细胞核仁的折光指数的变化”中不是观察癌细胞的核仁，故错误。因此C选项正确。

35.主旨大意题。本文主要在讲通过层析相显微术观察透明细胞，包括原理和运用，所以B选项“观察透明物的新技术”正确。根据A选项“透明细胞的图像”，C选项“透明细胞的折射率”和D选项“检测癌细胞的新方法”不能概括全文，故错误。因此B选项正确。

13.单选题

NorthKoreahas（）tieswithSouthKorea,excepttheKaesongZone,ajointventurebetweenthetwoKoreas,readyingitselfforastateofthewar.

问题1选项

A.savored

B.severed

C.segmented

D.segregated

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项savored“尽情享受；欣赏”；B选项severed“断绝；分离”；C选项segmented“分割；分裂”；D选项segregated“使隔离；使分离”。句意：除了开城工业区这个两国的合资企业，北朝鲜已经……与南韩的联系，准备进入战争状态。B，C，D选项都有分离的意思，由后面的名词ties“纽带；联系”，可知句中是指断开两国之间的联系。severed就有断绝关系或者断开联系的意思。因此B选项符合题意。

14.单选题

Theyareboundtofailiftheycontinueattheriskofallthesedangers.

问题1选项

A.areunnecessary

B.arecertain

C.aresimple

D.arealternative

【答案】B

【解析】考查词义辨析。根据句意：如果他们继续冒着所有这些危险，他们……会失败。这里表示的是肯定的说法，beboundto意为“肯定，必然”。A选项areunnecessary“不必要的”；B选项arecertain“必然的，确信的”；C选项aresimple“简单的，单纯的”；D选项arealternative“供选择的”。选项B符合语境。

15.单选题

Twothirdsofthebooks______soldoutbutonly10percentoftheincome______tome.

问题1选项

A.was;were

B.was;was

C.were;was

D.were;were

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.was;were是（单数）；是（复数）B.was;was是（单数）；是（单数）

C.were;was是（复数）；是（单数）D.were;were是（复数）；是（复数）

【考查点】主谓一致。

【解题思路】第一个空格的主语是Twothirdsofthebooks（三分之二的书籍），book是可数名词且用的是复数形式，所以第一个空格要填入were；第二个空格的主语是10percentoftheincome（百分之十的收入），income是不可数名词，所以第二个空格填入was，该题选择C项恰当。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合主谓一致原则。

【句意】三分之二的书卖完了，但只有10%的收入归我所有。

16.单选题

Noonewouldhavetimetoreadorlistentoanaccountofeverything（

）goingonintheworld.

问题1选项

A.itis

B.asis

C.thereis

D.whatis

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知“……goingonintheworld”为定语从句修饰先行词everything，且关系代词that可省，所以选用therebe句型，表示“世界上正在发生的”。句意：没有人有时间去读或去听关于这个世界正在发生的所有事情

17.单选题

Itwasduringthe1920’sthatthefriendshipbetweenthetwoAmericanwritersHemingwayandFitzgeraldreached（）highestpoint.

问题1选项

A.theirs

B.their

C.his

D.its

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，原文句子为强调句。从句主语为thefriendship，因此后文空缺处所缺形容词性物主代词应选择its。故本题正确答案为D选项。

18.单选题

Whatexactlyisalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisitsomethingmorethanthat?Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfromyou.Yousay,"IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI'mshortofmoneymyself."Infact,youarenotshortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtsandyoudon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisreallyalie?

ProfessorJerealdJellisonoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasmadeascientificstudyoflying.Accordingtohim,womenarebetterliarsthanmen,particularlywhentellinga"whitelie",suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinksitlooksawful.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,suchasmakingapromisewhichtheyhavenointentionoffulfilling.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.

Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewayofpeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmall,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresittingdownatthetime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.Tothetrainedobservertheyaresaying“IwishIweresomewhereelsenow”.Theyalsotendtotouchcertainpartsofthefacemoreoften,inparticularthenose.Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch（痒）.

AnothergesturewhichgivesliarsawayiswhatthewriterDesmondMorrisinhisbookManWatchingcalls“themouthcover”.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchascoveringpartofthemouthwithfingers,touchingtheupper-liporputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.Suchagesturecanbeinterpretedasanunconsciousattemptonthepartoftheliartostophimselforherselffromlying.

Ofcourse,suchgesturesasrubbingthenoseorcoveringthemouth,ormovingaboutinachaircannotbetakenasproofthatthespeakerislying.Theysimplytendtooccurmorefrequentlyinthissituation.Itisnotonegesturealonethatgivestheliarawaybutawholenumberofthings,and,inparticular,thecontextinwhichthelieistold.

1.Onesometimestellsone'sfrienda“whitelie”becauseonewantsto

（

）.

2.Oneresearchsuggeststhatwomen（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

（

）.

4.Peoplemayrubtheirnoseswhentheyliebecause

（

）.

5.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.makeaprofitfromtheotherperson

B.avoidoffendingtheotherperson

C.convincetheotherperson

D.havesomefun

问题2选项

A.generallylifefarmorethanmen

B.tendtotellmoreseriousliesthanmen

C.makemorepromisestheycanfulfillthanmen

D.arebetterattellinglessseriousliesthanmen

问题3选项

A.politicianstendtotellintentionallies

B.menarelessskilledattellinglies

C.businessmenseldombreaktheirpromises

D.womentendtomakefalsepromises

问题4选项

A.theysufferfromhighbloodpressureatthetime

B.thenoseisthemostsensitivepartofthehumanbody

C.thenoserevealstheliarmoreeasilythantheotherpartsoftheface

D.theydosoinordertostopthemselvesfromtellingmorelies

问题5选项

A.liescaneasilybedetectedbycarefulobservers

B.liesareusuallyaccompaniedbystrangegestures

C.peopleareabletotellaliewhentheyhearotherslying

D.aliarmaygiveawayhisorherintentionunconsciously

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据下文的举例：比如一个女士在派对上对另一个女士说，她喜欢她的衣服，而实际上她觉得它看起来很糟糕。由此可推测，这样说是为了避免冒犯他人，选项B正确。

2.事实细节题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies...”其他研究人员表示，男性更有可能说一些更严重的谎言。选项D是对原文的反向表达，意思是一致的，所以正确。

3.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.”这是政客和商人应该特别擅长的谎言：说谎者希望从谎言中获利或在某些方面得到好处。由此可推测，政客们倾向于故意说谎，选项A符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据第三段的最后两句“Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch.”对此的一种解释可能是说谎会导致血压轻微升高。鼻尖对于这种变化非常敏感，血压增加会使它发痒。选项A符合原文。

5.推理判断题。本题可采用排除法。选项A和C在文中没有提及；选项B符合原文；选项D无法直接从文中的信息推导出来，所以选项B更恰当。

19.单选题

Ifeveragain______anaccidentlikethat,we’llhaveonlyourselvestoblame.

问题1选项

A.therehappens

B.therecomes

C.therearises

D.thereseems

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项happen“发生”，B项come“来，开始，发生”，C项arise“出现，上升”，D项seem“似乎，像是”。句式是therebe句型的变体，句子的主语是anaccidentlikethat“像那样的事故”，可以排除C、D选项；B项come表示“事情发生”一般和about搭配，comeabout表示“发生，产生”；A项通常指偶然或突发性事件，所以A项符合语境。句意：如果再发生这样的事故，我们只能怪自己。因此，该题选择A项正确。

20.翻译题

长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。如果你到了中国却没去过长城，就像到了巴黎没去看菲尔铁塔(EiffelTower)，或者就像到了埃及没去看金字塔一样。人们常说：“不到长城非好汉。”实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙，直到秦朝统一中国后才将其连接成长城。然而，今天我们看到的长城——东起山海关，西至嘉峪关——大部分都是在明代修建的。

【答案】TheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworldthatcreatedbyhumanbeings!IfyoucometoChinawithoutclimbingtheGreatWall,it’sjustlikegoingPariswithoutvisitingtheEiffelTower;orgoingtoEgyptwithoutvisitingthePyramids!Menoftensay,“HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”Infact,itbeganasindependentwallsfordifferentstateswhenitwasfirstbuilt,anddidnotbecomethe“GreatWall”untiltheQinDynasty.However,thewallweseetoday,startingfromShanhaiguanPassintheeasttoJiayuguanPassinthewest,wasmostlybuiltduringtheMingDynasty.

21.不定项选择题

ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.FergusClydesdale,headofthedepartmentoffoodscienceandnutritionatthe