考研考博-英语-仲恺农业工程学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-仲恺农业工程学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Davidistryingtogetthatpromotionbyhookorbycrook;heevenspreadrumorsdefamingothercandidates.

问题1选项

A.scaring

B.smearing

C.squashing

D.startling

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.scaring使害怕；使恐惧B.smearing诽谤；弄脏

C.squashing挤压D.startling使惊吓；使吓一跳

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息spreadrumors（散发谣言）可推知，defaming是指“诽谤”的意思，B项词义与之相近，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。

【句意】大卫为了得到提升不择手段；他甚至散布诽谤其他候选人的谣言。

2.翻译题

改革开放以来，中国找到了一条适合自己国情的促进和发展人权的道路。中国是一个历史悠久、人口众多、资源和财富相对短缺的东方发展中国家。在这样一个国家促进人权，既不能照搬西方发达国家的人权发展模式，也不能因袭其他发展中国家的做法，只能从中国的国情出发，探索具有自身特点的发展道路。改革开放以后，中国在总结历史经验和教训的基础上，找到了一条真正符合中国国情的促进人权发展的道路。这就是：将生存权和发展权放在首位，在改革、发展、稳定的条件下，全面推进人权。这条道路的特点是：在发展人权的基本方向上，坚持发展生产力和共同富裕的原则，立足于改善全国人民的生活和促进全国人民人权的发展。在促进人权的轻重缓急上，强调生存权、发展权的首要地位，同时兼顾公民的政治、经济、社会、文化权利和个人、集体权利的全面发展；在促进和保障人权的方式上，强调稳定是前提，发展是关键，改革是动力，法制是保障。20多年来，由于中国坚持了这条正确的发展道路，不仅使全国人民的生活状况和精神风貌大为改观，而且形成了一整套比较完备的保障人民民主权利的政治制度和法律体系，从而使人权建设在制度化、法律化的轨道上取得了长足的进展，人权状况呈现出不断改善的良好态势。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahasfoundaroadforthepromotionanddevelopmentofhumanrightsthatsuitsitsreality.ChinaisanOrientaldevelopingcountrywithalonghistory,alargepopulationandrelativelyscarceresourcesandwealth.Topromotehumanrightsinsuchacountry,ChinamustneitherimitateindiscriminatelyWesterncountries’developmentmodeofhumanrightsnorfollowotherdevelopingcountries’methodsbutstartfromChina’sactualconditionsandexplorearoadwithitsowncharacteristics.Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahas,onthebasisofsumminguphistoricalexperiencesanddrawinglessonsfromthem,foundawaytobuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,andthereforehasfoundawaytopromoteanddevelophumanrightsthatisagreeabletoChina’sreality.Thismeansputtingtherighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentinthefirstplaceandpushingforwardhumanrightsinanall¬roundwayundertheconditionsofreform,developmentandstability.Thefeaturesofthisroadaretoadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingproductiveforcesandpromotingcommonprosperity,basedonimprovingthelifeofpeoplealloverChinaandpromotingthedevelopmentofhumanrightsofalltheChinesepeopleintermsofthebasicorientationofdevelopinghumanrights.Asfortheorderofimportanceandurgencyofdevelopinghumanrights,therighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentshouldbeputinthefirstplaceandinthemeantime,considerationshouldbegiventodevelopinginanall-roundwaycitizens’political,economic,socialandculturalrightsaswellasindividualandcollectiverights.Asforthewayofpromotingandguaranteeinghumanrights,itshouldbeemphasizedthatstabilityistheprerequisite;developmentisthecrux;reformisthedrivingforce;andgovernmentaccordingtolawistheguarantee.Overthepasttwodecades,China’sadherencetothiscorrectroadtodevelopmenthasledtonotonlytheimprovementofChinesepeople’slivingconditionsandtheirmoralebutalsotheformationofawholesetofrelativelycompletepoliticalandlegalsystemsensuringpeople’sdemocraticrights.Thus,greatprogresshasbeenmadeinputtinghumanrightsintoalegalandinstitutionalframework,andChina’shumanrightsdevelopmenthasbeenimprovingincessantly.

3.单选题

Oh,whatanuisance!It（）soeasyformetobringthosephotographsIwantedtoshowyou,andIhaveleftthemonthetableathome.

问题1选项

A.wouldhavebeen

B.hadbeen

C.wouldbe

D.was

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真讨厌,

我本来很容易就能把那些我想给你看的照片帯过来,

我却把它们落在家里的桌子上了。wouldhavedone为虚拟语气,

表示本应该做的事但却没有做。

4.单选题

（）onlyonemovingsoulinthecenterofalltheorbitsthatisthesunwhichdrivestheplanetsthemorevigorouslytheclosertheplanetis.

问题1选项

A.Asexists

B.Althoughexisting

C.Thereexists

D.Whereexisting

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法知识。C选项的thereexist是therebe句型的变形。需认清句中关系词that的先行词是onemovingsoul。因此C选项符合题意。

5.不定项选择题

PsychologistsagreethatI.Q.contributeonlyabout20percentofthefactorsthatdeterminesuccess.Afull80percentcomesfromotherfactors,includingwhatIcallemotionalintelligence.Followingaretwoofthemajorqualitiesthatmakeupemotionalintelligence,andhowtheycanbedeveloped:

1.Self-awareness.Theabilitytorecognizeafeelingasithappensisthekeystoneofemotionalintelligence.Peoplewithgreatercertaintyabouttheiremotionsarebetterpilotsoftheirlives.

Developingself-awarenessrequirestuningintowhatneurologistAntonioDamasiocalls“gutfeelings.”Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem.Forexample,whenpeoplewhofearsnakesareshownapictureofasnake,sensorsontheirskinwilldetectsweat,asignofanxiety,eventhoughthepeoplesaytheydonotfeelfear.Thesweatshowsupevenapictureispresentedsorapidlythatthesubjecthasnoconsciousawarenessofseeingit.

Throughdeliberateeffortwecanbecomemoreawareofourgutfeelings.Takesomeonewhoisannoyedbyarudeencounterforhoursafteritoccurred.Hemaybeawareofhisirritabilityandsurprisedwhensomeonecallsattentiontoit.Butifheevaluateshisfeelings,hecanchangethem.

Emotionalself-awarenessisthebuildingblockofthenextfundamentalofemotionintelligence:beingabletoshakeoffbadmood.

2.MoodManagement.Badaswellasgoodmoodsspicelifeandbuildcharacter.Thekeyisbalance.

Weoftenhavelittlecontroloverwhenwearesweptbyemotion.Butwecanhavesomesayinhowlongthatemotionwilllast.PsychologistDianneTiceaskedmorethan400menandwomenabouttheirstrategiesforescapingfoulmoods.Herresearch,alongwiththatofotherpsychologists,providesvaluableinformationonhowtochangeabadmood.

Ofallthemoodsthatpeoplewanttoescape,rageseemstobethehardesttodealwith.Whensomeoneinanothercarcutsyouoffonthehighway,yourreflexivethoughtmaybe:Thatjerk!Hecouldhavehitme!Ican’tlethimgetawaywiththat!Themoreyoustew,theangrieryouget.Suchisthestuffofhypertensionandrecklessdriving.

Whatshouldyoudotorelieverage?Onemythisthatventilatingwillmakeyoufeelbetter.Infact,researchershavefoundthat’soneoftheworststrategies.Amoreeffectivetechniqueis“refraining”,whichmeansconsciouslyreinterpretingasituationinamorepositivelight.Inthecaseofthedriverwhocutsyouoff,youmighttellyourself:Maybehehadsomeemergency.Thisisoneofthemostpotentways,Ticefound,toputangertorest.

Goingoffalonetocoolclownisalsoaneffectivewaytorefuseanger,especiallyifyoucan’tthinkclearly.Ticefoundthatalargeproportionofmencooldownbygoingforadrive—afindingthatinspiredhertodrivemoredefensively.Asaferalternativeisexercise,suchastakingalongwalk.Whateveryoudo,don’twastethetimepursuingyourtrainofangerthoughts.Youraimshouldbetodistractyourself.

Thetechniquesofreframinganddistractioncanalleviatedepressionandanxietyaswellasanger.Addtothemsuchrelaxationtechniquesasdeepbreathingandmeditationandyouhaveanarsenalofweaponsagainstbadmoods.

1.Whataregutfeelings?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,theimportanceofknowingone’sgutfeelingsisthat（）.

3.Theword“spice”inParagraph6isclosedinmeaningto（）.

4.Theessenceof“refraining”inParagraph9is（）.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyarefeelingoneisbornwith.

B.Theyarefeelingsonemaybeunawareof.

C.Theyarefeelingsoffearandanxiety.

D.Theyarefeelingsfeltbysensiblepeople.

问题2选项

A.onecandevelopthem

B.onecancallother’sattentiontothem

C.onemaygetridofthem

D.onemaycontrolthem

问题3选项

A.addinterestto

B.lengthen

C.makedull

D.bringintoexistence

问题4选项

A.toforgettheunpleasantsituation

B.toadoptapositiveattitude

C.toprotectoneselfproperly

D.toavoidroadaccidents

问题5选项

A.WhatisEmotionalIntelligence?

B.HowtoDevelopEmotionalIntelligence.

C.StrategiesforGettingRidofFoulMoods.

D.HowtoControlone’sGutFeelings.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由题干关键词“gutfeelings”定位到第三段第二句话“Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem”（直觉可能在一个人没有意识到的情况下发生）可知，直觉是人们可能没有意识到的感觉。A选项“它们是天生的”没有原文依据；C选项“它们是恐惧和焦虑的感觉”错误，直觉包括很多种感觉；D选项“它们是理智的人所感受到的感情”错误，人都会有直觉，没有理性和感性之分。因此B选项正确。

第2题:判断推理题。由题干定位到第四段倒数一、二句话“Hemaybeawareofhisirritabilityandsurprisedwhensomeonecallsattentiontoit.Butifheevaluateshisfeelings,hecanchangethem”（他可能意识到了自己的易怒，当有人提醒他时，他会感到惊讶。但如果他评估自己的感受，他就能改变。）可知既然可以改变，那就是可以控制的。A选项“可以开发它们”、B选项“一个人可以引起别人的注意”、C选项“人们可以摆脱它们”均说法错误，文中没有相关表述。因此D选项正确。

第3题:语义推测题。由题干关键词“spice”定位到第六段“MoodManagement.Badaswellasgoodmoodsspicelifeandbuildcharacter.Thekeyisbalance”（情绪管理。好心情和坏心情可以丰富生活，塑造性格。关键是平衡）可知spice是丰富的意思，即给生活增加乐趣。A选项“增加乐趣”；B选项“延长”、C选项“乏味”、D选项“产生”三项与该处语义不符。因此A选项正确。

第4题:判断推理题。由题干关键词“refraining”定位到第九段“Amoreeffectivetechniqueis‘refraining’,whichmeansconsciouslyreinterpretingasituationinamorepositivelight.Inthecaseofthedriverwhocutsyouoff,youmighttellyourself:Maybehehadsomeemergency”（一种更有效的方法是“克制”，这意味着有意识地以一种更积极的态度重新解释当前的情况。对于插队的司机，你可以告诉自己：也许他遇到了紧急情况）可知遇到问题时要克制自己，当遇到插队的司机时的想法告诉我们要用积极的态度去思考这些问题。A选项“忘记不愉快的处境”；C选项“妥善保护自己”、D选项“避免交通意外”三项不是本质，而是具体可以怎么去让自己的处境变得舒缓一点的方法，所以排除。因此B选项正确。

第5题:主旨大意题。由题干定位到第一段最后一句话“Followingaretwoofthemajorqualitiesthatmakeupemotionalintelligence,andhowtheycanbedeveloped…”（以下是构成情商的两个主要品质，以及如何开发它们……）可知本文主要围绕如何开发情商所展开。A选项“什么是情商”概括不全面，文章不是主要讲了情商的定义，有简单的提及；C选项“摆脱坏心情的策略”、D选项“如何控制自己的直觉”两项都是如何开发情商的不同的两个方法，不能概括整个文章的主旨大意，所以排除。因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

21-25

问题1选项

A.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandsleepdeprivation.

B.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandsleepdeprivation.

C.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandphysicalexercise.

D.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandphysicalexercise.

问题2选项

A.Morethan68000.

B.Morethan60800.

C.Morethan60080.

D.Morethan60008.

问题3选项

A.Seven-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanfive-hourones.

B.Five-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanseven-hourones.

C.Short-sleeperswere15%morelikelytobecomeobese.

D.Short-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanlongsleepers.24.

问题4选项

A.Overeatingamongthesleep-deprived.

B.Littleexerciseamongthesleep-deprived.

C.Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.

D.Highermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.25.

问题5选项

A.Exerciseeveryday.

B.Takedietpills.

C.Goonadiet.

D.Sleepmore.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】Here’sadreamyweight-lossplan:takeanap.That’sthemessagefromworkbySanjayPatelatCaseWesternReserveUniversityinCleveland,Ohio.(21)(22)(23)Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight.

Controllingforotherdifferencesbetweenthegroups,Patelfoundthatwomenwhoslept5hoursorlessgained0.7kilogramsmoreonaverageover10yearsthan7-hoursleepers.Theshort-sleepinggroupwasalso32percentmorelikelytohavegained15kilogramsormore,and15percentmorelikelytohavebecomeobese.

Significantly,theshort-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanthosewhoslept7hours,saysPatel,whopresentedhisresultsthisweekattheAmericanThoracicSocietyInternationalConferenceinSanDiego,California.Thisfindingoverturnsthecommonviewthatovereatingamongthesleep-deprivedexplainssuchweightdifferences.

(24)Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleepmaybethereasonbehindtheweightgain,Patelsuggests.(25)“Itobviouslyalsosuggeststhatgettingpeopletosleepmoremightbearelativelyeasywaytohelppeopleloseweight,”hesays.

21.WhatdidPatel’sstudyindicate?

【解析】根据录音内容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight”可知，应该讲的是睡眠不足与体重增加的问题。故选B。

22.HowmanysubjectsdidPatelhaveinhisstudy?

【解析】根据录音内容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfound...”可知，受试对象超过68000。故选A。

23.AccordingtoPatel’sstudy,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

【解析】根据录音内容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight”可知，A选项恰与之意思相反。故选A。

24.AccordingtoPatel,whatmightbethereasonbehindtheweightdifferences?

【解析】根据录音内容“Lowermetabolicratebehindtheweightgain”可知，由于睡眠时间少而导致的代谢缓慢可能是体重增加的原因。故选C。

25.WhatsuggestionwillPatelgivetothosewhowanttoloseweight?

【解析】根据录音内容“Itobviouslyalsosuggeststhatgettingpeopletosleepmoremightbearelativelyeasywaytohelppeopleloseweight”可知，对于要减肥的人们来说，多睡会儿可能会起作用。故选D。

7.单选题

Eveninthe1700s,duringtheearlyUSsettlements,（

）religiousgroupswhoopposedslavery,andlaterformedthebackboneoftheAbolitionistMovement.

问题1选项

A.therehave

B.thereare

C.therewere

D.havetherebeen

【答案】D

【解析】语法（倒装）题目。空格前一句“Eveninthe1700s,duringtheearlyUSsettlements”是整个句子的时间状语，而当时间状语位于句首时，主句部分需要使用部分倒装，D选项正确。

8.单选题

Thehistoricmeetingofthepresidentsofthesetwocountrieswillgreatlypromote___relationshipandcooperationatalllevels.

问题1选项

A.bilateral

B.benign

C.significant

D.fundamental

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项bilateral“双边的；有两边的”；B选项benign“良性的；和蔼的，亲切的；吉利的”；C选项significant“重大的；有效的；有意义的；值得注意的；意味深长的”；D选项fundamental“基本的，根本的”。句意：两国元首的历史性会晤将有力地推动双边的关系和各层次合作。结合句意，A为正确答案。

9.单选题

Inhislecture,ProfMendezreviewedtheevidencesforthealteredviewoftheplateboundarybetweentheIndiansubcontinentandtheTibetanPlateauthatisnowgaininggroundamong

Europeangeologist

问题1选项

A.reviewedthe

B.evidencesforthealteredview

C.thatisnow

D.gainingground

E.没有错误

【答案】B

【解析】名词误用。evidences去掉s。evidence在句中表示"证据",为不可数名词。

10.单选题

Theproblemisthatthelossofconfidenceamongthesoldierscanbehighlycontagious.

问题1选项

A.spreading

B.contemptible

C.contented

D.depressing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。contagious在句中是“传染性的，会感染的”；A选项spreading“扩散的”；B选项contemptible“可鄙的”；C选项contented“满足的，心安的”；D选项depressing“沉闷的，阴沉的”。句意：问题是士兵们失去信心可能会传染。因此只有A项符合。

11.翻译题

Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theymaystarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmentalclarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan'trememberwhereweputthekeysjustamomentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,orthenameofanoldbandweusedtolove.Asthebrainfades,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“seniormoments”.Whileseeminglyinnocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhaveadamagingimpactonourprofessional,socialandpersonallife.

Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’sactuallyalotthatcanbedone.Itturnsoutthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesamewayourmusclesdo,andtherightmentalworkoutscansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitivefunctions.Thinkingisessentiallyaprocessofmakingconnectionsinthebrain.Tosomeextent,ourabilitytoexcelinmakingtheconnectionsthatdriveintelligenceisinherited.

【答案】随着许多人步入中年，他们可能会开始注意到，他们的记忆力和思维清晰度已经不如从前了。我们突然记不起刚才把钥匙放在哪里了，或者记不起一个老相识的名字，或者记不起一个我们曾经喜欢过的老乐队的名字。当大脑衰退时，我们将这些现象称为“老年时刻”，虽然看起来很无辜，但这种精神注意力的丧失可能会对我们的职业、社交和个人生活造成潜在的破坏性影响。

神经科学家，研究神经系统的专家，越来越多地表明实际上有很多事情可以做。事实证明，大脑和我们的肌肉一样需要锻炼，正确的脑力锻炼可以显著提高我们的基本认知功能。思考本质上是在大脑中建立联系的过程。在某种程度上，我们在建立驱动智力的联系方面的卓越能力是遗传的。

12.单选题

Hefeltarepugnanceforthecitybecauseitwasheavilyundertheinfluenceofforeigners,whomheconsideredtobecorruptand（）.

问题1选项

A.unscrupulous

B.withprinciples

C.inprinciple

D.outofprinciple

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项unscrupulous“寡廉鲜耻，不讲道德的”；B选项withprinciples“符合原则的”；C选项inprinciple“大体上，原则上”；D选项outofprinciple“背离原则”。根据题干，可知此处应当填入一个形容词，且含有贬义，因此推测A选项正确。句意：他对这座城市感到厌恶因为这城市受外国人影响太严重了，而他眼中的外国人是堕落而又……。因此A选项正确。

13.单选题

Iknownowthatall___humanbeingsworrythatotherswillfindoutthattheyarenotquitegoodenough.

问题1选项

A.sacred

B.holy

C.hysteric

D.sane

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.sacred神圣的B.holy神圣的

C.hysteric歇斯底里的D.sane健全的；理智的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意，……的人害怕其他人会发现他们不够好。D.sane“理智的”符合句意。理智的人们一般会被认为是强大的足够优秀的。人们会在理智的人们身上期待更多。所以这类人害怕别人发现他们其实不够好。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】我现在知道，所有理智的人都担心别人会发现自己不够好。

14.写作题

Directions:Writeashortessayofabout300wordsonthefollowingtopic.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyouressay,WriteyouressayontheANSWERSHEET.

Nowadays,moreandmoreyoungpeoplepreferonlineshopping.Haveyoueverhadsuchexperiences?Commentonthistrendbyanalyzingitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.

【答案】略

15.单选题

Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof______standards.

问题1选项

A.equivalent

B.alike

C.uniform

D.likely

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.equivalent（价值、数量、意义、重要性等）相等的，相同的B.alike相像；十分相似

C.uniform一致的；统一的D.likely可能的；预料的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句子可知，mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotels（大多数小旅馆比酒店便宜）用到了比较级，而比较通常是在同等的条件下进行，所以空格处应该表示“相同的”，该题选择A项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】尽管他们的服务很好，大多数小旅馆比同等标准的酒店便宜。

16.单选题

Afterthemusichad（

）therewasastormofapplause.

问题1选项

A.diedout

B.diedhard

C.diedoff

D.diedaway

【答案】D

【解析】dieout灭绝，消失；diehard难改掉，难断气；dieoff相继死去，逐个死亡；diedaway减弱，消失。

根据句意，这里指音乐减弱直至消失，所以选项D符合句意。

17.单选题

Muchofthenewsprovidedbythisnewspaperis(

)

notforeign.

问题1选项

A.domestic

B.devilish

C.unusual

D.civilian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。domestic“国内的”；devilish“邪恶的，精力旺盛的”；unusual“不寻常的”；civilian“民用的”。句意：这家报纸提供的新闻都是（）的而不是外国的。由notforeign可推知这家报纸提供的消息大部分是国内的，故A项符合题意。

18.单选题

10.In1914,anapparentlyinsignificanteventinaremotepartofEasternEurope（

）Europeintoagreatwar.

问题1选项

A.inserted

B.pitched

C.plunged

D.imposed

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。insert“插入，嵌入”后接in/into/between；pitch“用力扔，投，抛”；plunge“使…陷入（某种状态），把…抛进”，常和介词into搭配使用;impose“迫使，把…强加于”，常和介词on/upon搭配使用。句意：1914年，发生在东欧一个偏僻地区的一件微不足道的小事使欧洲陷入了一场大战。根据题干介词into可知只有C项符合。答案选C。

19.单选题

（）,thelionisamemberofthecatfamily.

问题1选项

A.Likethetiger

B.Aliketothetiger

C.Likingthetiger

D.Itislikethetiger

【答案】B

【解析】语法题。分析题干和选项可知，空格后面已经是完整的句子，因此空格处应为形容词短语做状语，故选B。句意：和老虎一样，狮子也是猫科动物中的一员。

20.单选题

Itmustguaranteefreedomofexpression,totheendthatall（）totheflowofideasshallberemoved.

问题1选项

A.prophecies

B.transactions

C.arguments

D.hindrances

【答案】D

【解析】prophecies预言；transactions交易，事务；arguments辩论；hindrances障碍，妨碍。句意：必须保证言论自由，最终思想流动的一切障碍都应消除。选项D符合句意。

21.单选题

Thesalesmanapproachedthehousecautiouslywhenhesawtheviciousdogatthedoor.

问题1选项

A.nervously

B.bravely

C.carefully

D.deliberately

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.nervously紧张地B.bravely勇敢地

C.carefully小心地D.deliberately故意地

【考查点】语义衔接与副词辨析

【解题思路】后文提到“门口有一只恶狗（theviciousdogatthedoor）”，而“这个销售员在接近房子（approachedthehouse）”，cautiously是用来修饰他接近房子的动作的，由此推断，因为有恶狗，所以他在靠近房子的时候非常小心，原词cautiously“谨慎地”，因此C选项carefully“小心地”与原词最接近。

【干扰项排除】

A选项nervously“紧张地”，与原词词义不相近；

B选项bravely“勇敢地”，与原词词义不相近；

D选项deliberately“故意地”，不符合原文语义。

【句意】当推销员看到门口的那条恶狗时，他小心翼翼地走近那所房子。

22.单选题

Themicroscopecan（

）theobject100timesindiameter.

问题1选项

A.magnify

B.increase

C.develop

D.multiply

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。magnify“放大，扩大”；increase“增加”；develop“发展，开发”；multiply“增加，繁殖”。句意：显微镜可以把一个物体的直径放大一百倍。A项符合题意。

23.单选题

Theseconddistinguishingcharacteristicofjazzisarhythmicdrivethatwas____called“hot”andlater“swing”.

问题1选项

A.shortly

B.initially

C.actually

D.literally

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.shortly立刻；短暂的B.initially起初

C.actually实际上D.literally简直；字面上

【考查点】句间逻辑

【解题思路】空格部分的内容为“____被叫作‘热’”，根据后文“后来（later）被叫作‘摇摆’”中later可知，该句表达的是前后变化，前者应为以前的名字，B选项initially“起初”符合原句逻辑。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合原句逻辑。

【句意】爵士乐的第二个显著特征是一种节奏驱动，最开始称之为“热”，后来称为“摇摆”。

24.单选题

AsmanyofthearticlesinthisissueofTheMcKinseyQuarterlydemonstrate,companiesinthedevelopedworldareoutsourcing（资源外置）everlargerportionsoftheirbusinesstolow-cost,highlyskilledworkersinthedevelopingworld.Drivingthistrendistheremarkableabilityoftheglobalworkforcetolearnonthejob.

Infact,therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,political,andintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatitis,becausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.TheresearchoftheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute(MGI)duringthepastdecadehasconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicallyhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.

MGIhasfoundampleevidenceinthedevelopingworldtosupportthisconclusion.InBrazil,forexample,thetwoleadingprivateretailbanksarelocallyownedandstaffedbutachievenear-globallevelsofbest-practiceproductivity.AHondafactoryinBrazilperformsalmostaswellasthecompany’sJapaneseandUSplants.Inthesamecountry,theFrenchhypermarketchainCarrefourachievesabout90percentoftheproductivitythatitachievesathome.

Whatistherealrelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment?Ihavebeguntosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon'tforceit.Afterall,that'showeducationgotstarted.Whenourancestorswerehuntersandgatherers10,000yearsago,theydidn'thavetimeforeducation.Theydidn'thavetimetowondermuchaboutanythingbesidesfindingfood.Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.

Aseducationimproved,humanity'sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell.Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation.Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficient,conditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.Thuspoorcountriesmightnotbeabletoescapetheirpovertytrapswithoutpoliticalchangesthatmaybepossibleonlywithbroaderformaleducation.Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn'tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld’sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.Onthecontrary,constraintsonimprovingproductivityexplainwhyeducationisn'tdevelopingmorequicklytherethanitis.

1.Wecanconcludefromthesecondparagraphthatinpoorcountries（

）.

2.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theeconomicgrowthisneeded

（

）.

3.Accordingtothetext,educationgotstarted（

）.

问题1选项

A.progressineducationisnecessaryforthepoliticaldevelopment

B.theimportanceofeducationhasbeenoverestimated

C.thepooreducationresultsinthelowstandardsofliving

D.thetraditionalviewabouteducationisgroundless

问题2选项

A.beforeeducationcanprogress

B.beforeapoliticalsystemcanoperate

C.inpoorcountriestoescapepoverty

D.toadapttothecompetitiveenvironment

问题3选项

A.whenthegovernmentforcedpeopletostudy

B.whenourancestorshadenoughtime

C.whenourancestorswerenolongerphysicallyhungry

D.beforeourancestorsfoundbetterwaystogetfood

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong（然而，在贫穷国家教育应该是最优先促进经济快速发展的观点是错误的）可知B选项“教育的重要性被高估了”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由最后一段中的Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation...Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn'tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld'sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.（当竞争环境推动我们的祖先实现这一潜力时，他们又能提供更多的教育……然而，缺乏正规教育并不会限制发展中国家劳动力在可预见的未来大幅度提高生产力的能力）可知经济的增长需要适应竞争环境，因此选D。

3.细节事实题。文章第四段的内容为：教育与经济发展的真正关系是什么？我开始怀疑持续的经济增长会促进教育的发展，即使政府不强制教育。毕竟，教育就是这样开始的。当我们的祖先一万年前是猎人和采集者时，他们没有时间接受教育。可知教育开始在我们的祖先找到更好的食物的方法之前，因此选D。

25.翻译题

人们最初是怎样发明文字的现在依然不为人所知。换句话说，语言的起源是个谜。我们所了解的人们与动物不同，他们不知用何种方法发明了一些声音来表达思想和感情、行为和事物，以便能互相交流。后来他们在一些称作字母的符号上达成一致意见，这些字母可以合在一起代表这些声音，而且可以书写。这些声音，无论是以口头还是字母的形式出现，都称作单词。

【答案】Howdidmenfirstlearntoinventwords?Itisstillunknowntopeople;inotherwords,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwesupposeisthatsomeearlymeninventedcertainsounds,inonewayoranother,toexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings,sothattheycouldcommunicatewitheachother;andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbecombinedtopresentthosesounds,andwhichcouldbewrittendown.Thosesounds,whetherspokenorwritteninletters,wecallwords.

26.写作题

Directions:Writeacompositioninthetitle“HowtoEliminateFakeDiplomas”basedonthefollowinggivenoutlineinChinese.Yourcompositionshouldbeabout150Englishwords.PleasewriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.

Outline:

1.现在社会上的假文凭屡见不鲜。

2.如何杜绝假文凭现象？

【答案】HowtoEliminateFakeDiplomas

Inthelastfewyears,thephenomenonoffakediplomasismoreserious.Plentyofpeopleusefakediplomasto

findagoodjob.Besidesthelowcostofthefakediplomasappealslotsofpeoplewhohavenotreceivedhighereducationwhichmakefakediplomasbecomemorecommon.

Fakediplomasdoharmtobothemployersandpersonswhohaverealdiplomas.Ifemployersappointemployeeswhoarenotqualifiedforacertainposition,theircompaniesmaysufferheavylosses,evenfacehugecrisis.Besides,it’sunfairforpeoplewithrealdiplomaswhenthosewhobuyfakediplomasdonotpayanyeffortsandmoneyinhighereducation.Soitistimetodealwiththefakeevent.

Tobeginwith,governmentshouldreleasesomelawstopunishthosepeoplewhofabricateandbuythefakediplomastolimitthefakeevent.Inaddition,theuniversitycanmaketheirdiplomaswithspecialmaterialtolimitthefakediplomas’spreading.Furthermore,universitiesshouldmatchupthecompaniestochecktherecordofformalschoolingoftheiremployees.Inthoseways,thefakeeventsmaybecontrolled.

27.单选题

Whathehadinmind（）tonothinglessthanatotalreversalofthetraditionalroleoftheexecutive.

问题1选项

A.contributed

B.dedicated

C.amounted

D.added