2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语真题（全国甲卷+全国乙卷+新高考1卷）

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语真题

（全国甲卷+全国乙卷+新高考1卷）2022年普通髙等学校招生全国统一考试英语（全国甲卷）注意事项:.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听カ（共两节,满分30分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下ー小题。每段对话仅读ー遍。Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?Havebreakfast.Takeawalk.Cal1hisoffice.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?Havingameeting.Flyinghome.Workingonaproject.Whatdoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?It's big.It's quiet.It's new.Howdoesthewomansound?AnnoyedPleased.Puzzled.Whereistheman'stable?Nearthedoor.Bythewindow.Inthecorner.第二节 （共15小题;每小题I.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B^C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout.Goshopping.Dosports.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Bossandsecretary.Hostessandguest.Husbandandwife.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。WhydoesthewomanthinkJuneisthebesttimetomove?Theirbusinessisslow.Theweatherisfavorable.Itseasytohirepeople.Howwilltheyhandlethemovie?Finishital1atonce.Havethesalessectiongofirst.Doonedepartmentatatime.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?Howtoappreciateartworks.Howtodealwithartists.Howtorunamuseum.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?Hestudiedatacollege.Heservedinthearmy.Heworkedinagallery.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?Rembrandi's.Botticelli's.Rubens'.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?Atalibrary.Inalawfirm.Onatrain.hisBywhattimedidJohnplantofinishtermpaper?hisA.March.B.August.

C.October.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.Hewasofferedabetterone.C.Hegottiredofit.C.Hegottiredofit.WhatisSusantheattitudetoJohnsproblem?A.Carefree.Understanding.Forgiving.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?Fitnesscoach.Achessplayer.Amarathonrunner.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?HewasmotivatedbyBolt.Hebrokeaworldrecord.Hewonfifthplace.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?Gettingovertheinjury.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.about?Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?Hisplantogoforthegold.Hisexperienceonthetrack.Hisloveforhishomecountry.第二都分阅读理解（共两节满分0分）AI'heatrr*andt-lntcrtainmcntStDavid'sHallStDuvkTsHallistheawardwinningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingattheveryheartofCandifl^sentertainmentcentreWithanimpressiveZ（IM）-seatconcerthall.StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiffItpresentslivecntertainment,includingpop.rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,wxwldmusic,filmsandclassicalmusicTheHayes.CardifTCF10IAHw、、wstidavidshallcardifTsukTheGlee4加bEveryweekendthisis"Wales"premiercomedyclubwherehavingagreattimeistheorderforbothaudiencesandcomedystarsalikeItishardtonameacomedystarwhohasn'tbeenonthestagehereIfyouarelookingforthebestcomediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthereMermaidQuay.CardilTBay.CardifTCF10SBZwwwgleecouk/cardifYShermanCymruShermanCymiVstheatreintheCathaysareaofCardiiTreopenedinFebruan2012.Thisspecialbuildingisaplaceinwhichtheatreismadeandwherechildren,artists,writersandanyoneelsehavetheopportunitytodocreativethingsShermanCymruisexcitedtopresentapackedprogrammeoftheverybesttheatre,dance,familyshowsandmusicfromWalesandtherestoftheworldScnghennyddRoad.Cardifl'CF244YEwwwshermanc、,mruc。ukヽe”IhratrrTheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,musicals,danceandchildren'sshowsformorethan100yearsPresentingthebestoftheWestlindalongwiththepickoftheUK'stouringshows,theNewIheatreisCardiiTsoldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatreBesuretopayavisitaspartofvourst^'inthecitvl>arkPlace.CardiffL'F103LNwwwnewlheatrecardin'couk21WhereistheWelshPromsCardiffhosted',AAltheNewTheatre BAttheGleeClubCAtShermanCymru DAtStDavid'sHall22WhatcanpeopledoattheGleeClub?A.Watchmusicals BEnjoycomediesC.Secfamilyshows DDocreativethings23Whichwe法itecanyouvisittolearnaboutCardifFsoldestsurvivingtheatre',Awwwnewthctrecardifl'coukBwwwshermancymru.co.ukCwww.gleecouk/cardift' Dwwwstdavidshallcardin'oouikBGo（Tin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-oldThoughnotknowntousetoolsmthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskillfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecageInarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideitIlieclearfrontoftheboxhada"keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"tochoosefromInsertingthecorrect**key"wouldletoutthenutInhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundone、earofage.butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlessサmmetrical（对称的〉shapeThisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbelbreitwillfitiscalledan"allocentricframeofre命rence"Intheexperiment.Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob.inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionaloneWheretnal-and-crrcxwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysmsimilartestsThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanalloccntnctrameofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-yearoldbabiesThenextstep,accordingtotheresearuheni,istotnandwwkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclueM线索）.oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections24Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions BByusir^atoolCByturningtheboxaround DByremovmgthelid25Whichtaskcanhumanone-ycar-oIdsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext”AUsingakeytounlockadoor B'fellingparrotsfromotherbirdsCPuttinga柿11intoaroundhole DGroupingtoysofditierentshapes26Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos''AHowfartheyareabletosee BHowtheytrackmovingobiectsCWhethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeysD.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest27Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext''ACockatoosQuickErrorCheckers BCockatoosIndependentLearnersCCockatoosCleverSignal-Readers DCockatOnsSkiItillShape-SorterscAsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins（企勘longingtosayhelloThesegentle,lovcKgatekeepen>welcomedherandkick-starteduhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71.hashadadeeplovefortravelThroughouthercareer（职业）asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurtherWhensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplungeAftertakingadegreealChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,exentuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChileAndituasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego.thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland"IjustdecidedIwantedtogo."shesays"IhadnoideaaboutuhatI'dfindthereandIwasn'tnervous.IjustuantedtodoitAndIuantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatvva\"InMarch2008Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe'dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytouardsAntarctica,"Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencevsasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,"Ginnisays"1rememberthefirsttime1sawahumpbackwhale,itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistonccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatusYoucouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitvvasmakingundervsuter"Ilierealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,vvasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni28Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"taketheplunge"'underlinedinparagraph!9AThchallengingthings BTakeadegreeC.Bnngbacklostmemones. DSticktoapromiseWhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A.Lovelypenguins BBeautifulsceneryC.Adiscountfare DAfriend'sinvitation30WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterlhejoume>?AItcouldbeahomefbrher

CItshouldbewellpreserved

31Whatisthetextmainlyabout930WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterlhejoume>?AItcouldbeahomefbrher

CItshouldbewellpreserved

31Whatisthetextmainlyabout9AAchildhooddreamCSailingaroundtheworldBItshouldbeeasilyaccessiNeDItneedstobetiillyintroducedBAnunforgettableexpenence.DMeetinganimalsinAntarcticaDSometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney.Australia.ThecitydiscovereditsharborThen,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatweresortofthere-broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulationButitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearlyIQs,pilotsSydneyferryboatsfbralivingIspentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharborAfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentoutseparateways-heforalunchbreakItoexplorethecity"I'llmisstheseoldboats,"hesaidasweparted"Howdoyoumean9"Iasked"Oh.they'rereplacingthemwithcatamaransCatamaransarefaster,butthey'renotsoelegant,andthey'renotfiintopilotButthat'sprogress,Iguess."EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords（ロ号）andtraditionsareincreasinglyrareShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'soHicialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernitymthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspastincludingmanyofitsfinestbuildings"Sydneyiscontusedaboutitself"shesaidHWecan'tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamodemcityoratraditionalone.I'saconflictthatwearen'tgettinganybetteratresolving（解决）.”（）ntheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractionsIconsideredthisuhenImetathoughttiilyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony"Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry."hetoldme"WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemoresillWe'vegotaRxindationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountnIt'saprettyhardcombinationtobeat"Heisright,but1can'thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldterriesBTheculturaldiversityofSydnevDSydnev^stouristattractionsinthe1960s.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout9A.Sydney'sstrikingarchitecture.BTheculturaldiversityofSydnevDSydnev^stouristattractionsinthe1960sCThekeytoSydney'sdevelopmentBHelookstbrvsardtoanev\liteDHeisattachedtotheoldferriesWhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds9BHelookstbrvsardtoanev\liteDHeisattachedtotheoldferriesAHegoestoworkbyboatC.HepilotcatamaranswellBItshouldspeedupitsprogress

DItisbecomingmoreinternationalWhatdoesShirley,FitzgeraldthinkofSydney9AItislosingitstraditionsBItshouldspeedupitsprogress

DItisbecomingmoreinternationalC.Itshouldexpanditspopulation I.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablvagreewith9A.Acit}canbeyoungandoldatthesametimeBAcitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamicC.ModernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofeleganceDCompromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign七蚯ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette（礼节）mightsurpnseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules36Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveaneqjoyablcmealwithfriendsorfomily-nomatterwhereyouareintheworldChopMickRulesIhewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannosingyourcompanionsWhenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou. 力Handsorihnsi«・具）InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it'sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthandPeopleinEranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand38.insteadpreferringtousetheirhandsInChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingersIVopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushtbodontotheirspoonsMakingRrquests39__InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheirseasoningskillsSimilarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfoodSomeoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries40 themorecomtbrtaNeyou'llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpracticesA.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifcimeBThemorelimeyouspendinanygivencountryCMexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsDDon'tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantEItsagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateFNeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemGItmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatamealYoucantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogsFormanyyears,1en（oyedlivingwithmydogs.TillyandChanceTheir41 wasnearlyenoughtokeepmylonelinessatbayNearly,lastyear.Istarteddating,butwith42When1firstdatedSteve.143hehodddog.Molly,andacat.FloraWhileIwas44thathewasananimallover,I45thatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack46,thecatThenextweekwc47ourdogstogetherItwasahotdayWhenwvpausedtocatchour48.StevegotdownononekneeWasheproposing（求婚）？Ilikedhimtoo.butso499Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandoflcredittomydogs50.1beganto自IIforhimWe 51todate,thoughneitherofusbroughtupthetiitureAndtheninlateNovember,Tillyhadanoperationonher52__Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday.and1womedthatTilly53climbingthestairscouldreopenthewoundThenSteve54hishouseAllwwked55Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching56Florasspace.SteveandIformedagoodteam5フforTillyWemadegoodhousemalesAyearlater,muchtomy 58,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtomeHedidnotkneel（跪）down.nordid159himtoThalsonlyibrgiving_60tothedogsthatbroughtustogether41AownershipBmembershipCcompanionshipDleadership42AreservationsBexpectationsC.confidenceDprejudice43.A.fearedBdoubtedC.hopedDlearned44AunsatisfiedBamusedCterrifiedDthrilled45.ApredictedBwomedC.regrettedDinsisted46.AFloraBChanceCMollvDTilly47AtiedBwalkedC.bathedDfed48AbreathBbalanceCattentionDimagination49.A.calmBsureC.soonD.real50ABvthewayBInthatcaseCB\allmeansDInthatmoment51AcontinuedBdecidedCintendedDpretended52.AeyeBtailCearDleg53.AsecretlvBconstantlyCeventuallyDunwillingly54AleftBsoldCsuggestedDsearched55AlateBhardCfineDfree56AemptiedBrespectedCoccupiedDdiscovered57AlookingBearingCwaitingDcalling58AdelightBcreditCinterestDdisadvantage59AbegBtrustCneedDaid60AtoysBawardsCfoodDwater第二节阅读下面短文,在空白处填入丨个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked（徒步）40daystoXi'an,asafirststep61（iounev）theBellandRoadroute(路线)byfootOnthe1,100-kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkai^i, 62Josthisexesighlattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountriesinthreeprovincesInspiredbytheBetandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation63(hold)inBeijingCaodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoadMfriendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompaniondunngthetipCaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental 65(protect)Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore66(meaning)Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40-da\journeyInthelastfiveyears.Cao67(walk)through34countiesinsixcontinents,andin2016.hereachedthet叩ofKilimanjaro.Africa's__68(high)mountainNow.CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdrcamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadrouteHefew4.700kilometers69Xi'antoKashgaronSept20.D(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths第四部分写作第一节短文改错MyfatheroftentookmetohishospitaluhenIwasoffmyschoolHeshowedmehowhismedicalinstrumentswasusedIoftenfeltsocloselytohimHouvvcr.after1wenttohighschool,somehowIbecomedistantfromhimIwasunuillingtalkuithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoolateThedisagreementwastoosharpthatneitherhenoriknewwhattosettleitOnedav,hetalkedwithmeorhopedtomendourrelationsWiththeetlbrtsmadebyallsides,webegantounderstandeachotherbetter第二节书面表达你校将!•杭月八日世界海洋日为境,举办英语曲比赛,飾写ー篇短文投稿。内容包括:I海洋的重要性;2保护海;羊的倡议。注意:L词数100左右;2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好.2022髙考全国甲卷一英语答案(非标准答案)阅读理解DBABCDDACCBCDAA七选五DFCGB完型CADDBABACDADBCCBBACD语法填空tojourney,who,held,A,protection,meanings,walked, highest, from,planningMyCitheroftentookmetoliishospiu!uhcnIwasoff收school.IIeshz"mChowhismedicaltnnmmentswasused.IfeltsocloselyI。him.However.aAcr【vvtre しawenttohighschool,somehowIbecomedistantfromhim.IwasunwillingパIkbecxwC 3withhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoolate.ThedisagreementwatjoosharpthatneitherhenorIknewu-hattosettleitOneday,夕 hoJhetalkedwithmeorhopedtomendourrvhtions.Withthecflbrtsmadebyallsides,べ 嬴wehegantounder511ndeachotherbetter.2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）英语注意事项:.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡ー并交回。第一部分听カ（共两节,满分30分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下ー小题。每段对话仅读ー遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?£19.15.£9.18.£9.15.答案是C。Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?Havebreakfast.Takeawalk.Callhisoffice.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?Havingameeting.Flyinghome.Workingonaproject.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?It'sbig.It'squiet.It'snew.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.Pleased.Puzzled.Whereistheman'stable?Nearthedoor.Bythewindow.Inthecorner.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?Eatout.Goshopping.Dosports.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Bossandsecretary.Hostessandguest.Husbandandwife.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?Theirbusinessisslow.Theweatherisfavorable.It'seasytohirepeople.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?Finishitallatonce.Havethesalessectiongofirst.Doonedepartmentatatime.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?Howtoappreciateartworks.Howtodealwithartists.Howtorunamuseum.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?Hestudiedatacollege.Heservedinthearmy.Heworkedinagallery.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?Rembrandt's.Botticelli's.Rubens'.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?Atalibrary.Inalawfirm.Onatrain.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?March.August.October.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.Hewasofferedabetterone.Hegottiredofit.WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn'sproblem?Carefree.Understanding.Forgiving.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?Afitnesscoach.Achessplayer.Amarathonrunner.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.Hebrokeaworldrecord.Hewonfifthplace.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?Gettingoveraninjury.Doingstrengthtraining.RepresentingBotswana.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?Hisplantogoforthegold.Hisexperienceonthetrack.Hisloveforhishomecountry.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AHenryRaeburn（1756-1823）TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortrait（肖像回）GallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpubliC.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.AnIntroductiontoRaeRaeburn's EnglishConteburnmpovariesSunday26Oct., 15.00Thursday30Oct.,13.10DUNCANTHOMSONJUDYEGERTONCharactersandCharactRaeburnandArtist'sTrerisationinainingintheRaeburn's Portraits18thCenturyThursday6Nov.,13.10Thursday13Nov.,13.10NICHOLASPHILLIPSONMARTINPOSTLEExhibitionTimesMonday-Saturday10.00-17.45Sunday12.00-17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.Closed:24-26Decemberand1January.Admission£4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeoff2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn'sEnglishContemporaries?Sun.26Oct.Thurs.30Oct.Thurs.6Nov.Thurs.13Nov.HowmuchwouldacouplewithtwochiIdrenunder12payforadmission?£4.£8.£12.£16.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.Theymustbeledbyteachers.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo,toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruffJsgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecolD.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls)decisiontogotoElkheaD.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed（牵涉）drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy,sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism（坚忍）ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmal1animals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter."WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?To teach inaschool.To study American history.To write abook.To dosightseeing.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.TheyhadaroomwithabathtuTheylivedwiththelocalkids.Theysufferedseverehardships.WhichpartofWickenden'swritingishair-raising?TheextremeclimateofAuburn.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.Whatisthetext?Anewsreport.Abookreview.Achildren'sstory.Adiaryentry.CCanasmallgroupofdrones（无人机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatisthevery1ikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky"technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基础设施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrai1infrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproveCostswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews，efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforraiIways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflyingoverheaEngineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestorail1inespossible?Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.Drones'abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.Thereductionofcostindesigningdro