中考英语语法第6讲-被动语态 中考英语四轮复习法市公开课一等奖省名师优质课赛课一等奖课件

易学生动详细中考英语语法被动语态育英科技王衡老师被动语态与状态区分教学目标被动语态基本结构（现在、过去、情态）哪些词不能用于被动被动语态与被动修饰基础知识一、什么是被动语态？英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。假如主语是动作执行者，使用主动语态；假如主语是动作承受者，则使用被动语态。1.定义：被动语态，即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者一个语态。2.被动语态组成：被字句：主语+be+动词过去分词(v-ed)+bysb.我打他Ibeathim.(打过了)他被我打=他打被我Hewasbeatenbyme.他喜欢她Helikesher.她喜欢被他Sheislikedbyhim.(am/is/are).被动语态时态是由be动词时态决定，be动词是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面过去分词不变。学好被动语态两个基础条件一、每种时态be动词形式。二、不规则动词。主动语态be谓语形式总结(1)主+am/is/are…主+am/is/are+being主+will+be…主+hasbeen…Heisaleader.Heisbeinghere.Hewillbealeader.Hehasbeenaleader.主动语态be谓语形式总结(2)主+was/were…主+was/were+being主+would+be…主+hadbeen…Hewasaleader.Hewasbeingherejustnow.Hewouldbealeader.Hehadbeenaleaderseveralyearsago.被动语态:主+be+过去分词+(bysb)1.Heeatstheapple.2.Heatetheapple.3.Heiseatingtheapple.4.Hewaseatingtheapple.5.Hewilleattheapple.6.Hewouldeattheapple.7.Hehaseatentheapple.8.Hehadeatentheapple.1.Theappleiseatenbyhim.2.Theapplewaseatenbyhim.3.Theappleisbeingeatenbyhim.4.Theapplewasbeingeatenbyhim.5.Theapplewillbeeatenbyhim.6.Theapplewouldbeeatenbyhim.7.Theapplehasbeeneatenbyhim.8.Theapplehadbeeneatenbyhim.三、情态动词被动语态他儿子一定照料这个人。Hissonmusttakecareoftheperson.这个人一定要由他儿子照料=即这个人一定照料由他儿子。Thepersonmustbetakencareofbyhisson.含有情态动词句子变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面直接加上be动词即可。组成：主语+情态动词(can,may,must)+be(永远是原形)+过去分词+bysb.1.Youmustdothisassoonaspossible.2.Icanuseit.3.Youshouldbuyadictionary.4.Sheoughttocleanherbedroom.5.Theyneedlookafterthelittlechild.6.Wecanchangewaterintoice.1.Thismustbedoneassoonaspossible(byyou).2.Itcanbeused.3.Adictionaryshouldbebought(byyou).4.Herbedroomoughttobecleaned.5.Thelittlechildneedbelookedafter(bythem).6.Watercanbechangedintoice.提高知识一、是不是全部动词都有被动语态？1.全部不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。

这类动词或短语如：takeplace(发生)，happen(发生)，comeabout(发生)，breakout(暴发)，appear(出现)，disappear(消失)，last(连续)，die,end(vi.结束),fail,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart等。(2)不能用于被动语态及物动词或动词短语：Fit适当,have,hold,marry结婚,own拥有,wish,cost值,notice注意,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin成功,sufferfrom受苦,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto属于(3)系动词无被动语态：appear,bebecome,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turnItsoundsgood.听起来很好。Tellmeifyoufeelcold．你要是感到冷就告诉我。4)特殊结构：makesb.heard/understood(使他人能听见/了解自己)，havesth.done(要某人做某事)。5)当breakout、takeplace、shutoff、turnoff、workout等动词表示“发生、关闭、制订”等意思时。

Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.

Thelampsonthewallturnoff.

二、初中不及物动词有哪些？不及物动词指是后面不能跟宾语动词。常见不及物动词有：apologize道歉appear出现arrive抵达come来go去run跑walk走die死fall掉落flow流淌happen发生rise升起stay停留sit坐lie躺stand站cry哭swim游泳基础练习题()1.ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2.English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3.ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()4.Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()6.Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()7.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()8.Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()9.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished()10.Theflowers___often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwaterAnswers:1-5BDDDC6-10BBCAB提升练习题1.Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt2.Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown3.Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept4.-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold5.Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten6.Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't7.Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow8.Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended9.Tea___inthesouthofChina.(多)A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow10.Oldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell11.Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare12.I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.amgivenB.wasbeengivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven13.Shewill____goodcare____.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou14.Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done15.Thesechildren____dance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto16.Thebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted17.Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.A.washadB.washeldC.heldD.had18.Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplacetoB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace19.Youcan'tusethecomputer,it____.A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown20.Themedicine______inadryandcoolplace.

A.keep

B.mustkeep

C.mustbekeptD.mustbekeep

Anwers:1-5AADCB6-10BADBD11-15BDBBA16-20CBDAC三、被动语态与过去分词短语作后置定语。1.ThecatiscalledTom.(被动语态)2.Thereisacat(calledTom)inthehouse.(过去分词短语作后置定语)3例：HecalledthemancalledJohn.4例：Thedevelopedcountrieshavedevelopedover200years.四：被动语态不要与表示状态句型混同

类型一Heisinterestedinthegame.ThegameismadeinChina.类型二Thedoorisclosed.ThedoorisclosedbyJohn.练习题1.Somebody___Jackphonedwhileyouwereout.A.tocallB.callingC.beingcalledD.called2.Thesewalls___stone.A.aremadeofB.madeofC.aremadeintoD.madeinto3.Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid4.Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto5.Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.A.is