选修6 Unit1 Art语法-虚拟语气课件

SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气陈述语气

Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.一.语气的分类虚拟语气

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.

Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon.What

will

youdoifit

rains

tomorrow?I

will

stayathomeifit

rains

tomorrow.关于陈述语气2关于祈使语气1关于祈使语气3条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来V.+ed(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。IwishI

were

astallasyou.IwishI

were

abird.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.2.wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时3.asif/though+Clause现在：过去：过去时过去完成时Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsthatitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.4.It’s(about/high)time+that过去时(were)Should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.5.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气。使用should+动词原形,或者将should省略。宾语从句中常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desireIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意:如suggest,insist不表示“建议”或“坚持要某人做某事时”,即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时,宾语从句用陈述语气。1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent3.Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe___(be)ill.havewas以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句,表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气,从句中的动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire6.without和butfor构成虚拟。butfor要不是Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.

Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.

Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.

Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.含蓄条件句:有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而通过其他手段来代替条件句.Iwasillthatday.otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.(副词)Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(连词)Amanwhostoppeddrinkingwaterwouldbedeadinaboutsevendays.(定语从句)Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theywouldhaveraisedtheiroutputquickly.(独立主格结构)7.Ifonly…要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcould

seehimagain!Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!8.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that---Clause

从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.三.虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点:1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致,叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动词可以把if省略,并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?3.谓语动词以should+havedone的形式出现的时候,表示过去应该做而没有做的事情,从而表示一种责备的语气。e.g.1)Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomeworkyesterday.

2)Youshouldhavecomeherefiveminutesearlier.3)Heshouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier.注意：

在虚拟语气的从句中,动词be的过去时态一律用were,不用was,即在从句中be用were代替。IfI

were

you,I

wouldgo

tolookforhim.如果我是你,就会去找他。Ifhe

were

here,

everything

wouldbe

allright.如果他在这儿,一切都会好的。1.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English____mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe2.Thefire___ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburningB.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothavebeenburntD.wouldnotburnt3.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe_____inturn,you_____sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving,wouldn’tD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4.Ifit_____rain,thecropswouldbesaved.A.shouldB.willC.isgoingtoD.wasto5.______today,hewouldgettoGermanybyFriday.A.WasheleavingB.WerehetoleaveC.WouldheleaveD.Ifheleaves6.Ifhe______it,he______it.A.hadseen;couldhavebelievedB.saw;couldn’tbelieveC.saw;couldn’thavebelievedD.hasseen;hadbelieved7.---Heisaverybraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_____hiscourage.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.mayhave8.IwishI_____abletotellhimallaboutitlastnight.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldgo9.IwishI___youyesterday.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee10.IwishI____tenyearsyounger.A.amB.wereC.amgoingtoD.be11.Iwishthatyou_____.getagoodjobB.willgetagoodjobC.wouldgetagoodjobD.havegotagoodjob12.---Don’tyouwanttogotoakaraokebarwithus?-----IwishI_____,butIhaveanappointment.A.mayB.couldC.canD.should13.---You___havesetasidemoretimetoplaywithourkids.-----IwishI____,butyouknowhowbusyIwas.should;wouldB.could;didC.might;shouldD.should;had14.Ican’tsendheraninvitation.IwishI__hernewaddress.A.knowB.willknowC.haveknownD.knew15.----Wouldyouliketoworkinmycompany?----Sorry,I’drather____here,butI’drathermybrother_____toyourcompany.A.staying;goesB.tostay;togoC.stay;wentD.tostay;goes16.----Didyoublamehimforhismistakes?-----Yes,butI’drather_____it.A.notdoB.nottodoC.havenotdoneD.nothavedone17.----Howdoesyourauntact?----Sheactsasifshe____anexpert.A.wereB.wasC.isD.hasbeen18.Thechildtalkstousasifhe___agrown-up.A.isB.willbeC.hadbeenD.were19.IrememberthestoryasthoughI___.A.justreaditB.havejustreaditC.hadjustreaditD.werejustreadingit.20.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_____.A.breaksB.hasbreaksC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken21.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey___friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen22.It’stimewe____ourmeeting.A.mustbeginB.beginC.begunD.began23.----Tommy,isn’tittimeyou____theschoolbus?------Okay,I____mybreakfast.A.shouldcatch;havealmostfinishedB.catch;willalmostfinishingC.caught;amalmostfinishingD.willcatch;almostfinish24.Everybodyhasarrived.It’stimewe___themeeting.A.wouldstartB.hadstartedC.shallstartD.started25.Franklinlookedasthoughhe____illforalongtime.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.hasbeen26.Kittytalksasifshe____onthespot.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.be27.Youradvicethatshe____tillnextweekisreasonable.A.willwaitB.isgoingtowaitC.waitsD.wait28.Theprofessorgaveordersthatthetest____before5:30pm.A,befinishedB.willfinishC,mustbefinishedD.shouldfinished29.Myfatherwasstrict.HerequestedthatI____televisiononweeknights.A,mustn’twatchB.notwatchC,couldn’twatchD.don’twatch30.Mary’suncleinsists____inthishotel.A,notstayingB.nottostayC.thathenotstayD.stayingnot31.Wedemandedthathe____thebillbytheendofthismonth.mustpayB.payC.paidD.hadpaid32.Itwasrequiredthateachstudent____enoughfoodonthetrip.A.bringB.broughtC.wouldbringD.hadbetterbring33.It’soneo’clockinthemorning.It’shightimethatyou___yourstore.A,closeB.shouldcloseC.haveclosedD.hadclosed34.It___hardnow,otherwisewecouldgoouttoplay.A.rainedB.rainsC.israiningD.wouldrain35.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeet.wouldtakepartinB.hadtakenpartinC.tookpartinD.wouldhavetakenpartin36.Butfortheparty,he___ofhunger30yearago.A.wouldhavediedB.musthavediedC.woulddieD.died37.Withoutyourhelp,I___theexamlastterm.A.wouldhavepassedB.wouldn’tpassC.wouldhavefailedD.failedin38.Theyhelpedmealot.Idon’tknowwhatI_____withouttheirhelp.woulddoB.haddoneC.wouldhavedoneD.willhavedone39.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe___agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored40.IfIhadstudiedEnglishlastyear,I__abletospeakitnow.A.wouldhavebeenB.shouldbeC.hadbeenD.couldbe41.Ifyou____yourmedicineyesterda