2023届辽宁省葫芦岛市兴城高三下学期一模考试英语试题含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．IowemycurrentsuccesstoDavid,mybestfriendsincechildhood,withoutwhomIhavenoideawhereI________today.A．am B．wasC．wouldhavebeen D．wouldbe2．Yourredcoatlookssogood.Itstoodoutclearly______thesnow.A．acrossB．againstC．throughD．over3．40gramsofmeatperdayis______peopleshouldconsumeinordertostayfit.A．thatB．whyC．howD．what4．—Isthereahospitalnearby?Ihurtmyankle,andcannotmovenow.—It’sabout3blocksaway.I_____youthere.A．tookB．takeC．willtakeD．havetaken5．AllofushavethedesiretovisitthethreemaintemplesinAthens,especially______thatcontainsagoldandivorystatueofAthena.A．theone B．one C．theones D．those6．Healwayskeepsaneyeonshortcomingsofhisbrother’s_________refusingtoadmithisownmistakes.A．butB．whileC．althoughD．though7．Withsomesnowontopofit,theYellowMountainlookedfantasticthiswinter.Actually,IdoubtwhetherwecouldvisitmountaininChina.A．amostbeautiful B．themostbeautifulC．amorebeautiful D．abeautiful8．Whentheorganization______inMarch,2019,therewasalmostnomoneyinthebankandmorethan$1millionofdebt.A．folded B．boomed C．registered D．sprang9．ManyteacherslikesurfingtheInternet,________theymayfindalotofusefulvideosaboutteaching.A．which B．whereC．when D．that10．Theworseworkingconditionswearelookingforwardto______musthaveattractedthelocalgovernment’sattention.A．seeimproved B．seeingimprovedC．seeimproving D．seeingtoimprove11．Wearrangedtomeetatthecinemaat7:30,butJackfailedto______.A．breakupB．setupC．turnupD．giveup12．__________himnottodoso,hewouldn’thavemadesuchaseriousmistake.A．DidIpersuade B．IfIpersuadeC．IfIshouldpersuade D．HadIpersuaded13．—Mum,littleRaybrokehistoysagain!—Itdoesn'tmatter.Yousee,accidents_____happen.A．shall B．should C．must D．will14．—PityyoumissedGeorge'swedding.—Well,I________.A．haven'tbeeninvitedB．wouldn'tbeinvitedC．hadn'tbeeninvitedD．amnotinvited15．Ifthetrafficsoheavy,Icouldhavebeenbackby6o’clock.A．hadn’tbeen B．wasn’tC．couldn’tbe D．hasn’tbeen16．---Areyousatisfiedwiththishouse?----________.Wecan’thaveaniceroneA．NotalittleB．NotabitC．AlittleD．Abit17．---IwenttoseeTheWanderingEarthlastnight.Itwasfantastic!---Youweresolucky!HowIwishI_____thetickettoo.A．get B．gotC．hadgot D．wouldget18．Icertainlyexpecttobeelectedbeststudentoftheyear.It’sreally________!A．agoodSamaritanB．awetblanketC．afeatherinmycapD．apieceofcake19．Ifhehadbeenworkinghard,he______intheofficenow.However,hedidn’t.A．wouldbeworking B．weretobeworking C．wasworking D．shouldwork20．Hewaselected______presidentofthecompany,and_____newscame,infact,as______surprise.A．a;the;X B．X;the;a C．a;X;the D．the;the;a第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Plantsareboring.Theyjustsittherephotosynthesizing（光合作用）whileanimalshaveallthefun.Right?Notsomuch.Anewstudyhasfoundthatthereisalonghistoryofinteractionsbetweenantsandplants.Theantandplantco-evolution（协同进化）startedwithantsfeedingonplantsandplantsevolvingant-friendlyfeatures.Plantsmakeanumberofdifferentstructuresthatarespecificforantuse.Someplantshaveevolvedfeaturesthatpersuadeantsintodefendingthemfromattackfromotherinsectsandevenmаmmаlѕ.Тhеѕеіnсludеhollowthornsthatаntѕwillliveіnѕіdе,orехtranесtаr(琼浆)оnlеаvеѕorstemsfortheantstoeat.Someantswilljustcheatandtakethenectarandrun,butsomewillstickaroundandattackanythingthattriestohurttheplant.Otherplantsgetantstohelpthemmovetheirseedsaround,byprovidingthemwithrichfoodpacketsattachedtotheseeds.Theantwillpickuptheseedandcarryitaway,eatthefoodpacket,andleavetheseed-ofteninanutrient-richareawhereit'llgrowbetter,andsinceit'sfartherawayfromitsparent,theywon'thavetocompeteforresources.Butscientistsweren'tsurehowtheevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenantsandplantsgotstarted.Ifevolutionisanarmsracebetweenspeciesdevelopingwaystomakeuseoftheirneighbors,thenscientistswantedtoknowwhetherplantsorantsfiredthefirstshot.Itwasachicken-and-eggquestion,whetherthingsstartedwithantsdevelopingbehaviorstotakeadvantageofplants,orplantsevolvingstructurestotakeadvantageofants.Thehistoryofantsandplantsevolvingtogethergoesbacktothetimeofthedinosaurs,andit'snoteasytotellfromfossilswhofiredthefirstshot.However,itisaquestionoflittlesignificance.Scientistssaytheirstudymatersbecauseitprovidesalookathowthesewidespreadandcomplexinteractionsevolved.1、Someplantsattachfoodpacketstotheirseedsinorderto.A．rewardtheants B．makeafoolofantsC．providenutritionfortheseeds D．gettheseedsmovedaround2、WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A．Howplantsandantsinteract. B．Whatantsdotoprotectplants.C．Howplantsandantssurviveattacks. D．Whyplantsandantsneedco-evolution.3、Whichistrueabouttheevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenantsandplants?A．Antsdependedmoreuponplants. B．Itcausedaraceforbetterevolution.C．Howitgotstartedwasuncertain. D．Itwasoflittlevalueforfuturestudies.4、What'stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Tointroduceascienceresearchmethod.B．ToinformreadersofalatestresearchfindingC．Toarousereaders'interestinscienceresearch.D．Tocriticizepeople'straditionalviewsaboutplants.22．（8分）Itgoeswithoutsaying,butbearsrepeating,therearetoomanycatsanddogswithouthomes.Whiletherearecountlesssheltersandrescuecentersthatexist,somepotentialpetownerslooktopetshopstofindtheirfurryfriends.Alltoooften,however,theseanimalscomefrompuppyandkittenmills(繁殖场)thattreatthecreaturesincruelways.SanFrancisco,however,isdoingtheirparttostopthisabusewithpetstoreadoption.Officialsrecentlyvotedtobanthesaleofnon-rescuedogsandcatsinlocalshops.Theeffectistwo-fold.One,itwillstopthepopularityofthelarge-scalemills,whicharefamousforthemiserableconditionscatsanddoesarekeptin.Two,itwillhelpfacilitatetheadoptionofthousandsofanimalsthatarewaitingfortheirforeverhomesinSanFranciscoshelters.District4SupervisorKatyTang,whoservesontheSanFranciscoBoardofSupervisors,supportedlaw-makingontheban.“Dogsandcatssoldinpetstoresoftencomefrominhumanepuppyandkittenmillsthattreatanimalswithnoregardfortheirhealthorwell-being”,shewroteonFacebook.Inhermessage,shealsocalledontheU.S.AgricultureDepartmenttoreinstateinformationonitswebsitethatdocumentsthesetypesofanimalcrueltycases—itwasremovedearlierthismonth.SanFrancisco’slaw-makingisavictoryforthoseconcernedaboutanimalrights,andtheyaren’tthefirstcitytopassthistypeofmeasure.LosAngeles,SanDiego,Chicago,Philadelphia,Boston,andAustinalsohavesimilarlawsinplace,withhopefullymoreplacestofollowsuit.1、Whathappenedtosomedogsandcatsbeforetheygotinthepetstores?A．Theyweretreatedcruelly.B．Theywereabandonedinstreets.C．Theyreceivedwarmwelcome.D．Theywereraisedinsheltersandrescuecenters.2、WhichofthefollowingmayKatyTangagreewithmost?A．Peopleshouldadoptthedogsandcats.B．Animalsaretoocrueltohumansbeing.C．Governmentcanchoosetokillallthedogsandcats.D．Itisnotrighttobanthesaleofnon-rescuedogsandcatsinlocalshops.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinstate”inParagraph2mean?A．updateB．replaceC．postagainD．download4、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A．NoChinesecityjoinsthistypeofmovement.B．SanFranciscoisthelastcitytobanpetstores.C．Americanscareaboutanimalsmorethanhumans.D．Moreandmorecitiesareinvolvedinanimalrights.23．（8分）Wehavesomefriendswhoseemasiftheyunderstandandappreciateyou,butreallytheymightnot.AgirlnamedNevaehwasabouttofindafriendthatshethoughtunderstoodher,butsheactuallydidn't.WhenNevaehwasinkindergartenshedidn'thavefriends.Everytimeshewantedtomakesometheywouldjustwalkaway.ThathappeneduntilshewenttothethirdgradewhenagirlnamedBrookesaidhellotoher.Nevaeh,ashygirl,didn’tanswer.SinceNevaehhadnofriendstotalkto,hermouthwouldcloseup.AfterknowingNevaehwasshyandneededfriends,Brookewouldn'tleaveNevaehssideandalwaystalkedtoher.Nevaehstartedtalkingmoreandwaslessshy.OnceBrooketookhertoherfriends.Therewereonlythreegirls,Karla,Mariana,andIsela,butNevaehwasfinewithit.Atleastshehadfriends.Theygotalongverywellandhadafewthingsincommon.Whentheywerefinallyinmiddleschool,BrookeandNevaehbecamebestfriends,butastheygotolder,theychanged.WhenNevaehchangedthewayshelookedandacted,Brookedidn'tlikeit.Brookestartledtojudgeher,andmakeherwearstuffthatshedidn’tlike.TheyhadargumentsaboutthewavNevaehwantedtolook,andhowBrookedidn'tlikewhatshewore.Nevaehwasn’tsureifshecouldreallytrustBrookeanymore.ThatwasuntilshemetSusanwhounderstoodNevaehanddidn’tjudgeherbyherlooks,buthadthesameinterestsasNevaeh.Theylikedtodressinthesamekindsofthingsandhadsimilarhobbies.NevaehreallylikedSusanbecausesheneverjudgedher.Whentheyweretalkingabouttheirinterestsitwasliketheyhadknowneachotherforalonglime.Nevaehwasstillfriendswiththeothergirls,andwashappythatshefinallyhadsomeonethatunderstoodherandappreciatedher.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"she”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A．Susan.B．Karla.C．Brooke.D．Nevaeh.2、WhydidNevaehhavenofriendsinkindergarten?A．Shedidn'twantfriendsB．Shewasn’tacceptedbyothers.3、HowdidNevaehreacttoBrooke'sjudgmentonher?A．Sherejectedit.B．Shetoleratedit.C．Shecorrectedit.D．Sheappreciatedit.4、WhatwasSusanlikeaccordingtothetext?A．Braveandhelpful.B．Smartandhumorous.C．Sincereandsupportive.D．Cleverandhard-working.24．（8分）Humansandmanyothermammalshaveunusuallyefficientinternaltemperatureregulatingsystemsthatautomaticallymaintainstablecorebodytemperaturesincoldwintersandwarmsummers.Inaddition,peoplehavedevelopedculturalpatternsandtechnologiesthathelpthemadjusttoextremesoftemperatureandhumidity(湿度).Inverycoldclimates,thereisaconstantdangerofdevelopinghypothermia,whichisalife-threateningdropincorebodytemperaturetobelownormallevels.Thenormaltemperatureforhumansisabout37.0°C．However,differencesinpersonsandeventhetimeofdaycancauseittobeasmuchas6°Chigherorlowerinhealthyindividuals.Itisalsonormalforcorebodytemperaturetobelowerinelderlypeople.Hypothermiabeginstooccurwhenthecorebodytemperaturedropsto34.4°C．Below29.4°C,thebodycoolsmorerapidlybecauseitsnaturaltemperatureregulatingsystemusuallyfails.Therapiddeclineincorebodytemperatureislikelytoresultindeath.However,therehavebeenrarecasesinwhichpeoplehavebeensavedaftertheirtemperatureshaddroppedto13.9-15.6°C．Thishappenedin1999toaSwedishwomanwhowastrappedunderanicesheetinfreezingwaterfor80minutes.Shewasfoundunconscious,notbreathing,andherhearthadstoppedbeating,yetshewaseventuallysaveddespitethefactthathertemperaturehaddroppedto13.7°C．Inextremelyhotclimatesorasaresultofuncontrollableinfections,corebodytemperaturescanrisetoequallydangerouslevels.Thisishyperthermia.Life-threateninghyperthermiatypicallystartsinhumanswhentheirtemperaturesriseto40.6-41.7°C．Onlyafewdaysatthisextraordinarilyhightemperaturelevelislikelytoresultintheworseningofinternalorgansanddeath.1、Whatkeepsourbodytemperaturestable?A．Cultureandtechnologies. B．Thestableearthtemperature.C．Ourstrongdetermination. D．Somekindofin-bodysystem.2、WhatisaSwedishwomanmentionedforinthetext?A．Provingthestrengthoflife.B．Arguingagainstsomeconclusion.C．Showingthelimitonhumans’bodytemperature.D．Introducinganexceptionalcaseaboutourbodytemperature.3、Whichofthefollowingmaycausehyperthermia?A．Extremeclimates. B．Verycoldclimates.C．Controllableinfections. D．Temperaturesbelow29.4°C．4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Humans’TemperatureRegulatingSystem B．ChangesofBodyTemperaturesC．Humans’Temperature D．AIceTrapSurvivor25．（10分）MobilephoneusersinChinaexpectedapleasantsurprisethismonth.StartingfromOctober1,anewpolicyadoptedbythethreegiantcellphoneoperators—ChinaMobile,ChinaTelecomandChinaUnicom—hasallowedunuseddatafromindividualdatapackagestobecarriedovertothenextmonthforuse.Atthebeginning,usersofthethreetelecommunicationcompanieswelcomedthispolicy,sincetheywouldhavemorefreedatatouseinthenextmonth.However,evenbeforeChineseuserscouldenjoythefreeextrapackage,theusersfoundthatsincetheadoptionofthepolicy,theoriginaldatalimitsseemtobefarmoreeasilyswallowedup,whichmeanstherewouldn’tbeanyunuseddataleftforthenextmonth.OneuserofChinaUnicomclaimedthatittookhimonlyninedaystouseupthedatapackageofamonth.Telecomshavebecomeanecessityinmodernlifelikewaterorpower,andraisingorloweringcostssignificantlyaffectspeople’slivesandfinances.Butdisagreementsbetweenconsumersandserviceproviderscoverdiscussion.Itistooearlytojudgehowlongthedisagreementbetweentelecommunicationcompaniesandconsumersoverdatapackageswilllast,since,accordingtomediareports,themeasurementofdatausageisdifficulttotrack.Companiesareusing“userprivacy”toavoidgivingoutanyinformation.Butreadingthroughthecompaniespostedonlinebycellphoneusers,wecansensethepublic’sdistrustofStated-ownedenterprises(SOEs).Asurveydonebythepeople’sTribuneResearchCenterin2012foundthatthepublic’snegativeimpressionofSOEscamefromthebeliefthattheyonlyrelyongovernmentsupportandtheiremployeesusuallydoeasyjobsbutgethigherpay,yettheirsenseofserviceisfarbehindprivateandforeignenterprises.ThecurrentargumentoverthedatapackageofthreeState-ownedtelecommunicationgiantsreflectstheextentofpublicanger.Amongthecountry’santi-corruptioncampaign(反腐败运动)andreforms,itshowsthepublic’senthusiasmfordeepeningreformsandmakingSOEsbenefitdomesticconsumers.1、Theattitudeoftheuserstowardsthenewpolicyofthethreetelecommunicationcompaniesatthebeginningcanbebestdescribedas________.A．indifferent B．opposed C．positive D．disappointed2、Whatistheresultofthenewpolicyadoptedbythethreetelecommunicationcompanies?A．Chinesephoneusersareallowedtosendtheirunuseddatatotheirfriends.B．Chinesephoneusersarepresentedwithmuchcheaperindividualdatapackages.C．Chinesephoneusershavenoneedtobuyindividualdatapackages.D．Chinesephoneusersconsumethedatamuchsoonerthanexpected.3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTthepublic’simpressionofSOEs?A．SOEsaresupportedbythegovernmenttoalargeextent.B．SOEshavebenefiteddomesticconsumerseffectively.C．SOEs’employeesdon’tdeservethehighpay.D．SOEs’serviceisworsethanprivateandforeignenterprises.4、Thelastparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat________.A．thepublicarenotsatisfiedwiththereformsatpresentB．thepublicdonotcareaboutthecountry’sreformsC．thepublicthinkhighlyofanti-corruptioncampaignD．thepublicareconfidentaboutthereformofSOEs第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）OursonJasonwasbornwithcerebralpalsy（脑瘫）.MywifeandIoften1himashefacedmanychallengersinhisearlyyears.Itwas2toseehimchosenlastforbaseball3,buthewashappyandwell4byhispeers（同龄人）throughoutprimaryschool.Hismost5timecamewhenhebeganhighschool.Oneafternoon,hereturnedhomewith6.Hethrewhisbagonthefloor,shoutingangrily,“I’llnevergotoschoolagain!”Hewas7withfoodotherkidshadthrownathimonthewayhome.Hedidn’ttelluswhathadhappeneduntillater.Severaldaysearlier,hehad8theschoolrunningteam.Thatday,afewolderstudentsmadefunofhis9onthetrackandmadehimthe10oftheirone-sidedfoodfight.Icalledtheheadmasteraboutthematteranditneverhappenedagain.Hestayedontheteam11troublecontinued.OnedayinOctober,Wehadsnowandfreezingrain.Astheotherkidsexercisedinthegym,theynoticedJasonjoggingaroundthesnow-covered12.Afewweekslater,hetolduseachmonthstudents13an“athleteofthemonth”.Thecoachwouldlistthetopathletes,andstudentsvotedforthewinner.Jason’s14hadneverbeenlisted.Butthatday,oneofthestudentsaid,“I’dliketonominate（提名）Jasonfortheathleteofthemonth,sir!”Thecoachlooked15.“Heworksharderthananyofus,sir,”thestudentcontinued.“Butwe’llhavetohavesomeone16thenomination,”thecoachreplied.TearsformedinJason’seyesashetolduswhathappenednext.“Mom,Dad,everyoneintheclass17theirhands.”We,alsointears,lookedathimashe18showedhiscertificate.WheneverIdespair,Ithinkofthisstory.I19myselfthatchallengersarenotovercomebyforce,butbypatience,20andfaith.1、A．comfortedB．persuadedC．protectedD．instructed2、A．boringB．confusingC．heartbreakingD．challenging3、A．purposelyB．regularlyC．exactlyD．eventually4、A．praisedB．admiredC．respectedD．accepted5、A．mercifulB．enjoyableC．difficultD．unforgettable6、A．confidenceB．sadnessC．courageD．fear7、A．coveredB．packedC．facedD．supplied8、A．playedforB．votedforC．preparedforD．signedupfor9、A．promiseB．performanceC．goalD．ability10、A．targetB．causeC．focusD．role11、A．incaseB．asifC．eversinceD．eventhough12、A．streetB．campC．trackD．field13、A．trainedB．foundC．dismissedD．chose14、A．nameB．progressC．scoreD．application15、A．satisfiedB．surprisedC．excitedD．disappointed16、A．inviteB．seekC．supportD．consider17、A．putupB．putbackC．putdownD．putout18、A．carefullyB．firmlyC．eagerlyD．proudly19、A．warnB．remindC．informD．teach20、A．honestyB．knowledgeC．determinationD．development第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）IfyougoonholidayinItaly,SpainorGreece,don’tbe1．(surprise)ifeverythingisclosedatnoon.It’snotbecausetheshopsaresufferingahardtime,butit’sbecauseeveryoneisatlunch.IntheseMediterraneancountries,thelocalstakelunchvery2．(serious).Incontrasttomanyothercountries,lunchhereisnotaquicksnack3．(consume)infrontofthecomputeroronthewayto4．meeting.Itisthemaineventofthedayandcanlastforseveralhours,5．(cover)manycourses.Itsoriginissimple.Becauseofthehotclimateinthesecountries,farmersthousandsofyearsago6．(introduce)arestduringthehottesttimeoftheday.Theywouldhaveabigmealandthentakeanapin7．_(prepare)fortheremainingwork.Althoughmostemployeesnowworkincooledoffices,manyfamilies,especiallyonweekends,stillenjoyaluxuriouslunch.8．,thefocusisnotonlyonthefood.Itisasocialgathering9．friendssharefood,andenjoythecompanyofothers.Thisapproachtolifeandeatinghasmanybenefits.Accordingtohealthexperts,theMediterraneandietisoneofthe10．(health)intheworld.ManypeopleinItaly,SpainandGreeceenjoyalong,healthyandhappylife.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。IcanstillclearrememberIwasonceaskedtomakethespeechbeforethewholeclass、YoucanimaginehowshyIwaswhenIthoughtofthatwithsomanyeyefixedtome、Ihadnochoicebutprepareforit,though、Themosthardestpartwasmyoralpresentationfrommymemory、TherealmomentbeganwhenIstoodontheplatformwithmylegstrem