版高考英语宾语从句专题讲解

高考英语宾语从句专题解说一、定义和宾从例句解析宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。作动词的宾语:Iheardthenews.Iheardthathewouldcomeherelateron.作介词的宾语:Hesaidnothingabouttheplan.Hesaidnothingaboutwhobrokethewindowlastnight.二、带有宾语从句的复合句的组成带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连结词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连结在一同。连结词有：that(可省略)，what,who,when,where,why,which,if,whether,how.1Hesuggested(that)weshouldcleanthecorridoreveryday.宾语2Hetoldme(that)hewouldleaveDalianairportat8pm.间接宾语直接宾语3Hetoldmewherehewasgoingtotravelthatsummer.间接宾语直接宾语4Hewantedtoknowwhatthemanagerhadsaidatthemeeting.在例子4中，当主句是过去时态时（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去达成时），从句依据不同样情况必然使用过去时态的一种，（大自然的现象和真理除外）。5HeiswantingtoknowwhatIcancookfordinner.在例子5中，当主语是现在时态时（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，现在达成时），从句可依据不同样情况使用各样时态。时态：1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用随意时态。2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。3.主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。三、宾语从句的连结词隶属连词连结宾语从句的隶属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“能否”的宾语从句.HetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyearIdon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.连结代词连结代词：who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whoever,whatever,whichever等.连结代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Doyouknowwhohaswonthegame?Idon’tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsknow..Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?连结副词连结副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.Couldyoupleasetellmehowyoureadthenewpanel?Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.二、动词的宾语从句大部分动词都可以带宾语从句Weallexpectthattheywillwin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthoughthewholework.部分“动词+副词”构造也可以带宾语从句Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常有的这些词有:makesure保证makeupone’smind下信心keepinmind切记Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.可运用形式宾语it取代的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后边有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.IfeelitapitythatIhaven’t-beentogetherthe.getIhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismater.三、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.ThenewbookisabouthowShenzhou6mannedspaceshipwassentupintospace.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句Iknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkwithacompany.四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedIamsureIwillpasstheexam.IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.五、if,whether在宾语从句中的差别①if和whether在作“能否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,findout等此后,介词后一般不用if②少许动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.whether后可以加ornot,但是if不可以够.④在不定式前只能用whether.（如：Ican’tdecidewhethertostay我不.能决定能否留下。）⑤防备歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.六、哪些宾语从句不可以够省略引导词thatthat引导的宾语从句但是起连结作用,自己没存心义,在口语或非正式文件中可以省略.例:Shesaid(that)shewasgoingtostudyFrench她.说她准备去学法语.提示:1.假如谓语动词后跟有两个或更多个并列的宾语从句,第二个(和第三个)连结词不能省略.:Iforgot(that)myresearchpaperwasdueonTuesdayandthatmyteacherhadsaidhewouldnotacceptlatepapers.2.主句中有it作形式宾语,that不能省:Wethinkitisimportantthateverycitizenshouldhavegoodmanners.3.宾语从句主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语,引导词that不能省:Shetoldmethatthatnightwasverycold她.告诉我,那个夜晚很冷.4.inthat,exceptthat后接宾语从句时,引导词that不能省:Criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpstocorrectourmistakes.七、宾语从句的否认转移谓语是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,而且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否认词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty而.不可以说成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?英语宾语从句考点一、关系词连词：

1.连结代词（

that，who，whom，what，which）2.连结副词（

when，where，why，how）3.隶属连词（

if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用

if

或

whether

引导.在试卷中一般依据从句中

“缺什么补什么”的原则，联合上下文采纳合适的连词。

如：1.Idon’tknowwhowillbeourheadteachernextsemester缺.指人的主用who，如缺指物的主用what。2.Idoubtwhatmyepalwillwritesoon.缺指物的用what，如缺指人的用whom。3.Ithinkthatmydeskmatewillgetthroughallthemajorsubjects.句子不缺成分，用that;假如that后跟有代，可省略that。4.Sheletmeknowwhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.缺状，用when；缺地址状，用where；缺原因状，用why；缺方式状，用how。5.Idon’tknowwhich/whattopicIshouldchoose缺.定，用what或which。Theteacheraskedwhether/ifIwasgettingreadyforthecomingtest.表示“能否（有，能，已⋯⋯）”等含，用whether或if。7.I’dbeinterestedtoknowwhetherhewillseethemovie是“否Dawn比”，or用not.whether。例1Acomputercanonlydo_____youhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when2Marywroteanarticleon_____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that3Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor________hethoughtwasnotenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which4Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto.A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich5Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning_____histeammateshaddone.A.whatB.whichC.whyD.while二、序以隶属（if，whether）、接代（what，which，who，whose）和接副（when，where，how，why）等引的从句用述句序。6Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike7Thebosswentuptoask_____.A.whatthematterwasB.what’sthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris三、从句的要和主句相呼:假如主句是在或将来，从句可不受束；假如主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之响应；Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday.当从句表达的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如：Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.8Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets________.A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例

10

—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon?—No,butsometimesIwishI_________.A.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto四、宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。11I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows________.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit13Themotherdidn’tknow_____toblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.what五、宾语从句的特别式复合连结代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.（whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho）ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.（whatever=anythingthat）Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在此处是泛指，不能被what取代。而“Ican’trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以够改成whoever。it作形式宾语，从句作真实宾语。（1）动词+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause。thatclause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：Ithinkitimportantthatyou（should）attendtheconference.（2）动词+it+as+名词/形容词+clause。如：Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.（3）+it+

介

+thatclause。常的有：

oweittosb.+thatclause（把⋯⋯功于某人），leaveittosb.+thatclause（把⋯⋯留某人去做），takeitforgranted

+thatclause（想自然），keepitinmind

+thatclause（住⋯⋯）。如：Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe’dalwaysbearound.（4）+it+clause。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.英中少许介很活，能从句作其。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitrains.含从句的反意疑句。当述部分有that引的从句，疑部分的主和一般与述部分主句的主和保持关系。如：Briantoldyouthattherewasn

’tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn

’the?当述部分主句的主是第一人称，是

think

/believe/suppose/guess/imagine

/expect/suspect/feel等，疑部分的主和经常与述部分从句中的主和保持关系，此上是将主句的否认移到从句的否认上。如：Idon

’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,willthey?4.两个及以上表示述的从句并列，第一个

that

可以省略，但第二个及此后的不能省。如：Hetoldme

（that）

theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.5.主

+be+形容

+clause。如：

I’mafraidthatIcan

’tpromiseyouanything.14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept________helphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever15_____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever16I’dappreciate_______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you例

17

—Idon

’tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyinginthe

USA______you?—______.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.A.had;YesB.do;YesC.have;No

D.were;No例18Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,manofaction.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

feelingpleased_______hewasa从句种类一：引导词的运用1）Idon’tknow___________ornot．A．

whetherheisathome

B．

ifheisathomeC．

thatheisathome

D．

whetherisheathome2）Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine．A．whichB．whetherC．ifD．that3）Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin．A．whichB．whereC．ifD．that（4）Idon’tknow________Mr．Greenwillcometoseeus．He’llhelpuswithourEnglish．A．whyB．whenC．howD．where（5）－－Becareful！Don’tbreakthebottles．Doyouhear______Isaid?David?Yes，MumA．whatB．thatC．whyD．if6）－－－Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?－－－HemayliveatNO

．18orNo．

19ofBridgeStreet．

I’mnotsureof

．A．

where，

which

B．

where，

what

C．

what，

which

D．

what，

where（7）

Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo

．

Ireallydon

’tknow

．A．

whatshouldIchoose

B．

whichIshouldchooseC．

whichshouldIchoose

D．

whatIshouldchoose种类二：宾语从句的语序1）Didyoufindout______?A．

shewaslookingforwhosechild

B．

whosechildwasshelookingforC．

whosechildsheislookingfor

D．

whosechildshewaslookingfor（2）

Areyouinterestedin_____?A．

howdidhedoit

B．

hedidithow

C．

howhedidit

D．

hehowdidit（3）

Idon

’tknow

．Canyoutellme?A．

howthetwoplayersareold

B．

howoldarethetwoplayersC．

thetwoplayersarehowold

D．

howoldthetwoplayersare（4）

－－－Whatdidthescientistsay?Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday．A．hehadtoflyB．hecouldflyC．canheflyD．couldhefly（5）

Excuseme，

sir．

Couldyoutellme____?A．

Wherethebanknearest

B．

whereisthenearestbankC．

wherethenearestbankis

D．

thenearestbankiswhere6）SheaskedTom________withhiscar?A．

whatthematterwas

B．

whatthematterisC．

whatwasthematter

D．

whatisthematter种类三：时态（1）

It

’s：730．

Ican

’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet，

Sally．A．

haven’tstarted

B．

didn’tC．

don’tstart

D．

hadn’tstarted2）Theteacher