2023学年河北省承德二中高三适应性调研考试英语试题（含解析）

2023学年高考英语模拟测试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Guangdongprovincerolledoutnewguidelines,_____offensivenicknamesandonlineviolenceasschoolbullying.A．defining B．definedC．todefine D．havingdefined2．Butforyourhelp,I__________theworkontime.IreallydonotknowhowIcanthankyouenough.A．wouldn'tfinish B．hadn'tfinishedC．wouldn'thavefinished D．won'thavefinished3．Itisthroughyearsofresearch________scientistshavediscoveredtherelationshipbetweensocialmediaaddictionanddepression.A．since B．before C．that D．when4．(2013·福建)_____________basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A．Known B．HavingknownC．Knowing D．Beingknown5．________hasgreaterpotentialthanflammableicebeingminedfromunderneaththeSouthChinaSeawhenitcomestoaglobalenergyrevolution.A．nothing B．neitherC．noone D．none6．Internetshoppingisreally________whenpeoplearesureofitssafetyandsecurity.A．takingoff B．takingupC．settingoff D．settingup7．Isthisyourcellphone,Tony?I________itwhenIwascleaningtheclassroom.A．cameacross B．dealtwithC．lookedafter D．heldonto8．worriesthepublicthatairpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreseriousthesedays.A．It B．That C．What D．This9．Newideassometimeshavetowaitforyearsbefore_____.A．beingfullyacceptingB．fullyacceptingC．havingfullyacceptedD．fullyaccepted10．Itissometimessaidthatasocietycanbejudged____thewayitcares____itsweakestmembers.A．on;about B．by;for C．under;with D．with;on11．Thoughlackingthenecessaryworkingexperience,mycousingotthejob______herconfidenceandflexibility.A．intermsofB．inresponsetoC．byvirtueofD．withrespectto12．Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee?—_______.Ireallydon’tmind.A．Both B．None C．Neither D．Either13．Thereareprobablyalienslivinghereonearth._____!Ican’tbelieveyousaidthat.A．Comeon B．ForgetitC．Goahead D．Allowme14．U.S.PresidentBarackObamaarrivedinChina’seconomiccenterShanghaionSundaynight,November15th2009,______astatevisittoChina.A．starting B．started C．tostart D．havingstarted15．Isitheoryou________inchargeofthejobandsupposedtocompleteitpunctually?A．whois B．thatisC．whoare D．whomare16．Infrontofthewholeaudience,PremiereLimadehispromise______thegovernmentwouldtryitsbesttosolvetheproblemofpovertyinChina.A．whatB．whichC．whetherD．that17．—TheKiwifruitsinthissupermarketare_______salenow,andtheyaresold______thepound.—Really?Howmuchcheaperarethey?A．for;in B．on;by C．for,by D．on,in18．Hecouldn’tmakehisvoice______abovethenoiseofthe

traffic.A．tohearB．hearingC．heardD．hear19．–What’swrongwithyouripad2?Thesound____isnotclear.--Yes.Ithasbeenbrokenforsometime.A．comeout B．comingout C．tocomeout D．cameout20．Itisgoingtoraintoday.Takeanumbrellawithyouto________youfromtherain.A．stop B．prevent C．keep D．protect第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Askanyreaderswhotheirfavoritefictionalcharacterinanovelisandyou’lllikelygetadetailedexplanationaboutthebelovedcharacterthattheyadmire.Itmightevensoundlikethey’retalkingaboutapersontheyknow.Inastudy,researcherslookedatthebrainsofagroupofpeopleoverninedays.HalfofthegroupreadthenovelPompeii,andhalfdidn’t.Afterexamining,researchersfoundthereaders’brainsshowedheightenedconnectivity(连通性)insomeareas.Thisislikelybecausethebrainimaginesthemovementandemotionsofthecharactertheyreadaboutinthebook.Eventhoughtheparticipantswerethenaskednottoreadthenovel,theykeptthisheightenedconnectivity.Wecallthata“shadowactivity”,almostlikeamusclememory.Soevenafteryou’vefinishedabook,yourbrainkeepsthosebenefitsforsometimeafterwards.Ithasbeensuggestedthatpeoplewhoreadalotoffictionbecomemoreempathic(移情作用的),becausefictionisasimulation(模仿)ofsocialexperiences,inwhichpeoplepracticeandimprovetheirinterpersonalskills.Thepeoplewhonotonlyreadfiction,butfeltahighlevelof“emotionaltransportation”whilereadingascomparedtopeoplewhoweren’ttakenbythestoryorwhoreadnon-fictiondisplayedhigherlevelsofempathywhentested.Increaseofempathyisimportantforpeoplebecauseempathyispositivelyrelatedtocreativity,performanceatworkandcooperativebehaviors.Besides,readingimproves“TheoryofMind”.Itis“theabilitytounderstandthatothershavementalstatesthataredifferentfromone’sown.”Ofvariousactivities,readingnovelshasbeenfoundtoimprovethisability,whilewatchingtelevisionprogramsormovieshasbeenfoundtodojusttheoppositeareducedunderstandingofothersandweakercognitive(认知的)developmentoverall.Maybeweshouldputmoreofapriorityonnovel-reading.Andmanyreadersbelievethatreadinganovelisfarbetterandmoremeaningfulthanwatchinganymovie.AsDavidKiddoftheNewSchoolstudysaid,“Fictionisnotjustasimulatorofasocialexperience;itisasocialexperience.”1、WhatisimpliedintheParagraph2?A．Readingnovelsisjustawasteoftime.B．Readingnovelscanhelppeoplebecomehappy.C．Readingnovelsincreasesconnectivityinourbrain.D．Readingnovelshelpsenhanceourmemorygreatly.2、WhatdoweknowaboutnovelreadersfromParagraph3?A．Theytendtobeemotionalinsocialexperiences.B．Theyunderstandtheemotionsofpeoplebetter.C．Theyliketotalkabouttheirfavoritecharacters.D．Theyaremoresensitivetoeverything.3、What’stheeffectofwatchingTVormovies?A．Itdistinguishesyourviewsfromthoseofothers.B．Itcontributestoyourcognitivedevelopment.C．Itreducesyourempathyforothersalot.D．Itchangesyouroverallmentalstates.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“priority”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Preference. B．Authority.C．Exposure. D．Evaluation.22．（8分）Atyournextmeeting,waitforapauseinconversationandtrytomeasurehowlongitlasts.AmongEnglishspeakers,chancesarethatitwillbeasecondortwoatmost.Butwhilethispatternmaybeuniversal,ourawarenessofsilencediffersdramaticallyacrosscultures.Whatonecultureconsidersaconfusingorawkwardpausemaybeseenbyothersasavaluablemomentofreflectionandsignofrespectforwhatthelastspeakerhassaid.ResearchinDutchandalsoinEnglishfoundthatwhenasilenceinconversationstretchestofourseconds,peoplestarttofeeluneasy.Incontrast,aseparatestudyofbusinessmeetingsfoundthatJapanesepeoplearehappywithsilencesof8.2seconds—nearlytwiceaslongasinAmericans’meetings.InJapan,itisrecognizedthatthebestcommunicationiswhenyoudon’tspeakatall.It’salreadyafailuretounderstandeachotherbyspeakingbecauseyou’rerepairingthatfailurebyusingwords.IntheUS,itmayoriginatefromthehistoryofcolonial(殖民地)Americaasacrossroadsofmanydifferentraces.Whenyouhaveacomplexofdifference,it’shardtoestablishcommonunderstandingunlessyoutalkandthere’sunderstandablyakindofanxietyunlesspeopleareverballyengagedtoestablishacommonlife.ThisappliesalsotosomeextenttoLondon.Incontrast,whenthere’smorehomogeneity,perhapsit’seasierforsomekindsofsilencetoappear.Forexample,amongyourclosestfriendsandfamilyit’seasiertositinsilencethanwithpeopleyou’relesswellacquaintedwith.1、Whichofthefollowingpeoplemighthavethelongestsilenceinconversation?A．TheDutch.B．Americans.C．TheEnglish.D．TheJapanese.2、WhatmighttheJapaneseagreewithinaconversation?A．Speakingmoregivestheupperhand.B．Speakoutwhatyouhaveinyourmind.C．Greatmindsthinkalikewithoutwords.D．Theshortertalkingsilence,thebetter.3、Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Afoursecondsilenceinconversationisuniversal.B．It’shardforAmericanstoreachacommonagreement.C．EnglishspeakersaremoretalkativethanJapanesespeakers.D．Thecloserweandourfamilyare,theeasierthesilenceappears.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“homogeneity”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Similarity.B．Contradiction.C．Diversity.D．Misunderstanding.23．（8分）ConstructiononKnolly'sTunnelbeganin1896，anditwasopenedonAugust13th，182bythemanitwasnamedafter--SirClementC．Knolly，ActingGovernorofTrinidad．ItlinkedRioClarowithPortofSpain．Itsarchitectureisstilladmiredandstudiedtoday，andmanyareamazedthatKnolly'sTunnelhasstooduptotheearth'smovementoversomanyyears．Muchresearchisbeingdoneonthetunnel．AtthetopofKnolly'sTunnelarecottagescoveredwithleaves，wherevisitorscansitandenjoythebeautyofnature．StandingatthebeginningofKnolly'sTunnel，youcanseenothingbutthetinylightattheend．Thetraintrackshavebeenremovedandreplacedwithsmallstones．Visitorscandrivethroughthetunnelorwalkthrough，butshoulddosoingroupsforsafety．Intheolddays，therewerenolights，butnowtherearestreetlightsonthewaytothetunnel，thoughnotinside．Onyourwayin，youmaynoticesomemanholesonthewallsofthetunnel．Thesewerethereforindividualstostepintoforsafetyasthetrainpassed．Knolly'sTunnelcanbeaccessedthroughTabaquiteandthroughMitchellGap．Theroadwasrecentlyimproved，butisbetterwhenyouenterfromTabaquite，andtherearesignsontheroaddirectingyoutoKnolly'sTunnel．OnthedrivetoKnolly'sTunneltherearetwoothercottageswherevisitorscansitandjustenjoynature．Atthesiteitself，thereisnothingtopurchasetoeatordrink，butinTabaquitethereareseveralbars，arestaurant，andfoodoutlets．Agasstationandahealthcentrearealsocloseby．Forthosewhoadmirearchitecture，Knolly'sTunnelisamust-seewhenvisitingTrinidad．Forthenaturelovers，thereisnobetterplaceforthemtobeandforthehistorians，theycanwalkordrivethroughKnolly'sTunnelknowingthatmanyofourancestorstoiled（workedhard）onitsstructure．SowhenyouvisitTrinidad，don'tforgettotakealookatKnolly'sTunnel!1、Knolly'sTunnelisspecialin______．A．itsenvironment B．itsfunctionC．itslocation D．itsarchitecture2、Theunderlinedword"site"intheparagraph4refersto______．A．Trinidad B．TabaquiteC．MitchellGap D．Knolly'sTunnel3、Whatisthepurposeofthepassage？______A．TosuggestavisittoKnolly'sTunnel．B．TointroducethehistoryofKnolly'sTunnel．C．ToevaluatethevalueofKnolly'sTunnel．D．TowitnessthechangeofKnolly'sTunnel4、Thepassageaboveisprobablytakenfrom______．A．ageographytextbook B．atraveljournalC．asportsreport D．ahealthandfitnessmagazine24．（8分）ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.AccordingtocourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld’sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable.”Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarrysclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressingBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogocollege,adesirethatBarryandhisstudentsenthusiasticallysupported.RatherthanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.LoveisaconceptBina48doesn’tunderstand,saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,”saidBarry.HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is“fairlysimple—it’safeeling,”saidBarry.Buttherealitywasdifferent.Bina48endeduplearning“31differentversionsoflove,”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48’scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.1、（小题1）WhatwasBina48’sperformancelikeinclass?A．Extraordinary.B．Insignificant.C．Far-reaching.D．Unattractive.2、（小题2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Dealingwith.B．Consultingwith.C．Givingaspeechto.D．Sendingaletterto.3、（小题3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove.B．ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove.C．Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman.D．Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence.4、（小题4）WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A．Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher.B．Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.C．Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.D．Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.25．（10分）OpeningTimesoftheBritishMuseumForeveryone’ssafetyallbags,rucksacks,packagesandpersonalitemsmaybesearchedbeforeentry.WheeledcasesandlargeitemsofluggagearenotallowedonBritishMuseumpremises.Storageforluggageisavailableatmajorrailstations,includingEuston,King’sCrossandCharingCross.AdmissionandopeningtimesFree,opendaily10：00–17：30.TheMuseumisclosedon1Januaryand24,25&26December,butopeneveryotherdayoftheyear.GalleryopeningtimesMuseumgalleriesareopendaily10：00–17：30,andmostareopenuntil20：30onFridays.Closingstartsfrom17：20(20：20onFridays).BankholidayopeninghoursTheMuseumisclosedonlyonbankholidaysthatfallon1Januaryor25&26December.TheMuseumisopenasnormalonallotherbankholidays.Pleasenote,however,thattheavailabilityoffreetoursandtalksmaybesubstantiallyreducedonpublicholidays.GreatCourtopeningtimesTheGreatCourt,includingtheInformationDesk,isopendaily09.00–18.00anduntil20.30onFridays.TheTicketDeskisopendailyfrom09.00-17.00anduntil19:45onFridays.FridaysopenlateThefollowinggalleriesareopenuntil20.30onFridays(exceptGoodFriday).Africa:TheSainsburyGalleriesRoom25Americas:NorthAmericaGalleriesRoom26China,SouthAsiaandSoutheastAsia:TheJosephEHotungGalleryRoom33Chinesejade:TheSelwynandEllieAlleyneGalleryRoom33bMedievalEurope:TheSirPaulandLadyRuddockGalleryRoom40……SchooltimesatexhibitionsExhibitionsaresometimesclosedtothepublicforexclusiveschoolviewings,pleaselookatexhibitionticketpagesfordates.TemporarygalleryclosuresGalleriesmayoccasionallybeclosedformaintenanceorlong-termrefurbishment.1、WhatshouldbestoredbeforeyouentertheBritishMuseum?A．Smallbags. B．Wheeledbags. C．Personalitems. D．Rucksacks.2、WhattimecanyouvisittheBritishMuseum?A．At10.00on1January. B．At17.00on25December.C．At18.00onFridays. D．At20.30onBankholidays.3、WhichgalleryonlyhousesChinesetreasures?A．TheSainsburyGalleries.B．NorthAmericaGalleries.C．TheJosephEHotungGallery.D．TheSelwynandEllieAlleyneGallery.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Doyouthinkyouhavewhatittakestobeasuccessfulscientist?Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn’tacceptideaswhicharenot2onobviousfacts,andtherefore3toacceptauthorityastheonlyreasonfortruth.Healwayschecksideas4andmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseof5sciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto6asfarbackasthe7ofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford,wholived8theyears1214and1292.Hewasprobablythefirstinthemiddleagestosuggestthatwemustlearnscience9observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself10manyimportanttruths.Galileo(1564­1642),however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmeninItaly,France,Germany,andEngland,11begantoshowhowmanyimportant12couldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore13towardstheearththansmallones,14Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe15oftheLeaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo16stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo’s17ofgoingdirecttonature,andprovingour18andtheoriesbyexperiment,thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.What19thosepeoplegoodscientists?FromtheexampleofGalileo,weknowitclearlythatsuccessfulscientistsarethosewhoseobservationshave20betterresults.1、A．useB．timeC．speedD．trust2、A．reliedB．basedC．insistedD．centered3、A．refusesB．desiresC．intendsD．regrets4、A．casuallyB．carefullyC．quicklyD．secretly5、A．naturalB．physicalC．ancientD．modern6、A．dateB．keepC．lookD．come7、A．studyB．timeC．yearD．birth8、A．bothB．eachC．betweenD．among9、A．inB．withC．onD．by10、A．broughtB．discoveredC．tookD．gave11、A．whoB．whenC．thatD．where12、A．truthsB．problemsC．peopleD．subjects13、A．slowlyB．rapidlyC．lightlyD．heavily14、A．althoughB．becauseC．whenD．if15、A．placeB．footC．topD．ceiling16、A．bigB．smallC．equalD．unequal17、A．spiritB．skillC．theoryD．discovery18、A．plansB．opinionsC．worldD．ability19、A．makesB．preventsC．considersD．promises20、A．foreseenB．rejectedC．producedD．challenged第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）PeruisacountryonthePacificcoastofSouthAmerica.Ithasthreemainareas:narrow,dry,flatland1．(run)alongthecoast,theAndesMountainsandtheAmazonrainforest.InthehighareainthesoutheastisLakeTiticaca,the2．(high)lakeintheworld,onwhichboatscantravel.Peruhasplentyofplantsfromdesertgrasses3．largeareasofrainforest.In4．1400sand1500s,Peruwasthecentreofthepowerfuland5．(extreme)wealthyancientIncaEmpire.Butit6．(rule)bySpainfromthesixteenthcenturyonwards.Perufinallygaineditsindependence(独立)fromSpainin1821.Itisforthisreason7．itisclosetothefamousIncaruinsofthecityofMachuPicchu.SpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.ThecapitalofPeruisLima,8．isinthenorthonthecoast.TheancientIncacapital,Cusco,isfoundhighintheAndes.Itisapopular9．.(tour)destinationasitisclosetothefamousIncaruins(废墟)ofthecityofMachuPicchu.Cuscoisalivelycitywithmanyhotelsandinns,where10．IndianandSpanishcultureandartcanbeseen.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）短文改错Springhascomewithallitsbeauty!Treeshaveturnedgreenorflowerscanbeseeingeverywhere、LastFriday,myfriendsandmewentonaspringouting、Itwassuchagreatfun!Wecycledalongthestreamsanddownthepaths、Itdidn'ttakeuslongtogetthefootofthemountain,whenweleftourbikes、Thenwebeginhiking、Aswereachedthetopofthemountain,wewereshockingtoseemanyplasticbottleandfoodbagshereandthere、Allofusstartedtocollecttherubbishandthentookitdownthemountain、Wefelthappilytohave