动名词的用法

动名词的用法动名词的用法动名词的用法V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考动名词的用法日期：20xx年X月动名词的用法及练习你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗？

1.Thegirlissingingasong.2.Thegirlsingingnowismysister.3.Singingisoneofherhobbies(爱好).一、名词性的动名词(NominalGerund)NominalGerund可以加上定冠词(Definitearticle，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinitearticle，如a,an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my,this,some,any,all,no等等。举例如下：1.Themellow(愉快地)singingofthebirdsannouncesthecomingofspring.(singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming前加the)2.Weknewtherobberwasnearwhenweheardafaintrustling(沙沙声)inthebushes.(rustling前加不定冠词a及形容词faint)从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying,writing,opening,painting,cutting,heading,feeling,being,saving,surrounding,crossing,misunderstanding等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。二、动词性的动名词(VerbalGerund)

看看下面的句子：

Carelesslywritingessaysannoystheteacher.

上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object)essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。

注意：VerbalGerund这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the,a,an...)喔。

动名词的功能与用法

一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(SubjectComplement):

作主语

1.Listeningtomusicgivesmepleasure.(主语Listening）

2.Runningisgoodexercise.（主语running)

3.Walkingtoschoolisagoodidea.(主语walking)

作主语的补语1.Mycat'sfavoriteactivityissleeping.(补语sleeping)

2.Seeingisbelieving.(主语seeing,补语believing)

主语置于句尾用It+be+...+v-ing句型

1.ItisfunspeakingEnglish.

2.Itisofgreatimportancefightingagainstpollution(污染).

用Itis后接nouse.nogood,fun等的句型

1.Itisnouselearningtheorywithoutpractice.

2.Itisnofunbeinglostinrain.

用Itis后接useless,nice,good,interesting,worthwhile等的句型

1.Itisworthwhiletakingthisintoconsideration.

用There+be+no+v-ing的句型

1.Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.

2.Thereisnogettingalongwithhim.(简直无法与他相处)

二、动名词也可以作宾语（Object)

作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面）

1.Icannothelplaughing.（我禁不住笑了起来）（宾语laughing)

2.Youshouldavoidquarrellingwithyoursister.(宾语quarrelling)

3.YoushouldpracticespeakingEnglishmore.(宾语speaking)

注意：上面三个句子中的动词:help,avoid,practice只能用动名词作宾语。这类动词还有：

dislike厌恶admit接受repent后悔acknowledge承认

enjoy享受escape避免deny否认postpone延迟

resent怨恨mind介意miss错过risk冒风险

finish完成avoid避免delay耽误consider认为

fancy想象excuse原谅include包括imagine想象

resist抵制suggest建议……

还有短语类：

keep(on)继续don'tmind不介意cannothelp不禁giveup放弃

putoff延迟leaveoff停止burstout闯出……

再请注意：有一些动词除了可接动名词外，也可接不定词(infinitive)。例子如下：

1.Ipreferlivinginanapartment.(动词prefer接动名词living)

2.Iprefertoliveinanapartment.(动词prefer接不定词tolive)

像上面两个句子的意思没什么不同。如prefer这一类的动词还有：

allowdeserveneglectattemptfearomitbeginhate

permitbotherintendceaselikerecommendcontinuelove

startstopforgetregretproposetrycontinueremember

need……

其实如hate,love,like之类动词，接动名词和接不定词的句子，意思是会有些不同的，这就留给大家去研究吧，hihi……

作介词(Preposition)的宾语(Object)

1.I'msorryforgivingyousomuchtrouble.(介词for，宾语giving)

2.Thebookisworthreading.(介词worth,宾语reading)

3.Ireachedhimbycallinghisoffice.(介词by,宾语calling)

4.Thepolicearrested(逮捕）himforspeeding.(介词for,宾语speeding)

注意：在下列的句子结构中，介词in被省略掉：

1.Sheisbusy(in)correctingherexercises.

2.Hespenttwohours(in)readingbook.

3.Thereisnouse(in)talkingwithhimnow.

4.Isitanygood(in)takingcoldwaterbaths？

作"名词+介词"的宾语

请看下列的句子：

1.Ihavethepleasureofspeakingtothefamousauthor.(pleasureof+宾语speaking)

2.Hetakesagreatinterestinstudyinglanguages.(interestin+宾语studying)

这一类"名词+介词"的还有：

dangeroffearofobjectionto

delighttohabitofopportunityfor/of

excuseforexperienceinlovein

reasonfor……

三、句子中动名词的逻辑主语(ImpliedSubject)

什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢在句子中，除了原有的主语之外，属于动名词的"主语"，也就称为"逻辑主语"，一般位于动名词的前面。

在动名词前加"物主代词（如：my,his...)"或"名词所有格(如：Mary's,Dog's...)"

1.Hiscomingherehelpedusalot.(主语/逻辑主语his,动名词coming）

2.Tom'sescapingfromtheprisonmadetroubleforthejailer.(主语/逻辑主语Tom,动名词escaping)

作宾语(Object)的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，在动名词前加"物主代词"或"名词所有格"

1.Doyoumindmysmokingintheromm(逻辑主语my,动名词smoking)

2.HeinsistedonMary'sstayingthere.(逻辑主语Mary,动名词staying)

注意：作为逻辑主语的名词/代词为无生命时，则用通格（ofthe):

1.Icannotsaythereisnofearofthenewsspreadingamongintimatefriends.（逻辑主语news)

在下列情况中，不能使用所有格：

代词为all,both,each,few,several,some,this等作为逻辑主语时:

1.Irememberallofthemsayingit.

数词、名词化形容词（如thethree,theold...)作逻辑主语时：

1.Inspiteofthethreetellingthesamestory,Icouldnotbelieve

it.

结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语，或受从句或短语修饰时：

1.Isthereanychanceofthepeopleinthebackoftheroomtalkingalittlelouder？

四、动名词的语态被动式(being+v-ed)

当动名词的逻辑主语所表示的是动作的对象时，动名词要用被动语态。

1.Hedislikesbeinginterrupted(被打岔)inhisspeech.

2.Theycouldn'tstandbeingtreated(被对待)likethat.

完成式(having+v-ed)

动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成式。

1.Weregrethavingbeenunabletoinformyouofthemeeting.

2.Thestudents'havingdone(完成)theworksowellmadeusveryhappy.

完成式的被动语态(havingbeen+v-ed)

1.Iheardofhishavingbeenchosen(被选为)tobethecoachoftheteam.

2.Someofourcustomerscomplainedofhavingbeentreated(被对待)rudely.

在动词need,want,require,deserve之后的动名词（作为宾语），要用主动

语态来表示被动的意思。

1.Theflowersinthegardenwantwatering(需要浇水）.

2.That'soneofthosequestionsthatreallydon'tneedanswering(不需回答).

五、作定语（Attribute）

动名词放在所修饰的名词前面作为定语，表示该名词的用途或有关的动作。

1.sleepingcar卧车2.walkingstick手杖

3.printingshop印务馆4.readingroom阅读室

5.swimmingpool泳池6.washingmachine洗衣机7.diningroom饭厅

六、在英文正式语体里，动名词可放在前置词(Preposition)后，以替代副词/状语的子

句(AdverbialClauses)

例：1.Incasecustomersencounterdifficulties,theyshouldringthefollowingnumber:...

2.Incaseofencounteringdifficulties,customersshouldringthefollowingnumber:...

第二个句子的"Incaseof"动名词短句(GerundPhrase)取代第一个句子的"Incase"副词子句。

下列都是这类例子：

1.Inspiteofdoinghisbest,thepupilwasreproached.(Inspiteof)

2.Despitecomingintime,thevisitorswerenotadmitted.(despite)

3.Forallhisarguing,theteachercouldnotconvinceus.(forall)

4.Thefiremandistinguishedhimselfbydoinghisdutytotheutmost.(by)

5.Insendingusthebookyouprovedtobereliable.(In)

6.Insteadofblamingtheboy,theteacherencouragedhim.(insteadof)

7.Thegirlleftwithoutsayingaword.(without)

8.Theboywasblamedforbreakingthewindow.(for)

9.Thechildrengottiredfromlearningtoomuch.(from)

10.Afterspendingtheholidayswithus,ournephewwentbacktoEngland.(after)

11.Beforegoingtobed,Iopenedthewindow.(before)

12.Onarrivingatthestation,Johnwaswelcomedbyhisfriends.(on)

13.Sinceleavingschool,Ihavenotseenmyteacher.(since)

练习题

1)Markoftenattemptstoescape_D___wheneverheBReaksTRafficregulations.

A)shavingsbeenfinedB)tohavebeenfined

C)tobefinedD)beingfined

2)Mywifesaidinherletterthatshewouldappreciate__D__fromyousometime.

A)tohaveheardB)tohearC)forhearingD)hearing

3)Thethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout__A__.

A)beingseenB)seeingC)himseeingD)seeinghim

4)Peopleappreciate_C___withhimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumor.(CET-41998,1)

A)toworkB)tohaveworkedC)workingD)haveworking

5)I'veenjoyed_B___totalkwithyou.

A)tobeableB)beingableC)tobeenableD)ofbeingable

6)Noonecanavoid__B__byadvertisements.

A)tobeinfluencedB)beinginfluenced

C)influencingD)shavingsinfluence

7)Theyareconsidering__C__beforethepricesgoup.

A)ofbuyingthehouseB)withbuyingthehouse

C)buyingthehouseD)tobuythehouse

8)Hethoughtthat__C__.

A)theeffortdoingthejobwasnotworthB)theeffortwasnotworthindoingthejob

C)itwasnotworththeeffortdoingthejobD)itwasnotworththeeffortbydoingthejob

9)IfIhadremembered__A__thedoor,thethingswouldnothavebeenstolen.

A)tolockB)locking

C)tohavelockedD)shavingslocked

10)Yourshirtneeds___C_.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.

A)ironB)toironC)ironingD)beingironed

11)Youcan'thelp__C__commercials;everyfewminutestheprogramisinterruptedtogiveyouoneadvertisementoranother.

A)tohearB)tobeheardC)hearingD)withhearing

12)MyTRansistorradioisn'tworking.It_C___.

A)needrepairingB)needstorepair

C)needsrepairingD)needtoberepaired

13)Itisnouse_B___menottoworry.

A)youtellB)yourtelling

C)foryoutohavetoldD)shavingstold

14)Heisverybusy_B__hispapers.Heisfartoobusy____callers.

A)towrite...toreceiveB)writing...toreceive

C)writing...receivingD)towrite...forreceiving

15)Thesuspectatlastadmitted__A__stolengoodsbutdenied____them.

A)receiving...sellingB)toreceive...tosell

C)toreceiving...tosellingD)tohavereceived...tohavesold

16)Sheapologizedfor_A___tocome.

A)hernotbeingableB)herbeingnotable

C)notbeingableD)thatshe'snotableto

17)Ireallyappreciate_C___tohelpme,butIamsurethatIcanmanagebymyself.

A)youtoofferB)thatyouoffer

C)yourofferingD)thatyouareoffering

18)Pleasestop__D__,boys,Ihavesomethingimportantto____you.

A)saying...talkB)telling...say

C)talking...speakD)talking...tell

19)Tony,wouldyougoandseeifSamhasanydifficulty__B__histaperecorder

A)tofixB)fixingC)forfixingD)fix

20)"Whyisn'tNancygoingtomeetus""It'smyfault.Iforgotallabout__A__her."

A)telephoningtoB)totelephone

C)totelephonetoD)thetelephoningto

21)"Whywereyoulate""Ihadahardtime_D___upthismorning."

A)togetB)getC)gotD)getting

22)Iremember_B___tohelpusifweevergotsintosTRouble.

A)onceofferingB)himonceoffering

C)himtoofferD)toofferhim

23)Johnregretted__A__tothemeetinglastweek.

A)notgoingB)nottogo

C)notshavingsbeengoingD)nottobegoing

24)Itisdifficulttogetused__B_inatentaftershavingsasoft,comforTABLEbedtolieon.

A)sleepB)tosleeping

C)sleptD)tosleep

25)Hegivespeopletheimpression_C___manypoems.

A)ofshavingswrittenB)tohavewritten

C)ofbeingwrittenD)towrite

26)Doyoufeellike_D___outorwouldyourather____dinnerathome

A)going...tohaveB)togo...tohave

C)togo...havingD)going...have

27)Priorto_A___theformalspeech,firsthewillinTRoducehimself.

A)deliveringB)deliver

C)beingdeliveringD)beingdelivered

28)Idon'tmind__D__bybus,butIhate____inqueues.

A)toTRavel...standingB)shavingsTRaveled...standing

C)TRaveling...tostandD)TRaveling...standing

29)Whatabout___C_doublequantitiesofeverythingtodayWehavehardlytimetogo____nextweek.

A)buying...toshopB)buy...shopping

C)buying...shoppingD)tobuy...shopping

30)WehadsomeTRouble_B___thehouseandnobodyseemed____swheresitwas.

A)infinding...knowingB)finding...toknow

C)tofind...knowingD)tofind...toknow

31)Wecan'timagine_B___intheenTRanceexamination,forshehasneverbeentoschool.

A)shesucceedingB)hersucceeding

C)shesucceedD)hertosucceed

32)Idon'tlike__A__atme.

A)themlaughingB)theirlaugh

C)themlaughD)themtohavelaughed

33)Wesuggested_A___inhotelsbutthechildrenwereanxious____out.

A)sleeping...tocampB)sleeping...camping

C)tosleep...tocampD)tosleep...camping

34)IhavenoOBJECTion_B___theeveningwiththem.

A)tospendB)tospendingC)ofspendingD)spending

35)After__A__forthejob,youwillberequiredtotakealanguagetest.

A)beinginterviewedB)interviewed

C)interviewingD)shavingsinterviewed

36)Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers___A_amatchwithoutastandardcourt.

A)OBJECTedtoshavingsB)wereOBJECTedtohave

C)OBJECTedtohaveD)wereOBJECTedtohaving

37)Jeandidnothavetimetogototheconcertlastnightbecauseshewasbusy__C__forherexamination.

A)toprepareB)tobeprepared

C)preparingD)beingprepared

38)Itisnogood__A__remembergrammaticalrules.Youneedtopractisewhatyouhavelearned.

A)TRyingtoB)toTRyto

C)TRytoD)TRiedto

39)After__D__himbetter,Iregretted____himunfairly.

A)gettingtoknow...tojudge

B)gettingtoknow...tohavejudged

C)gettingtohaveknow...judging

D)gettingtoknow...havingjudged

40)Heislookingforwardto__C__hisholidayinBritain.

A)spendB)havespent

C)spendingD)shavingsbeenspending

41)Before__D__thehouse,youshouldgetasurveyor____overit.

A)buying...lookingB)shavingsbought...tolook

C)buying...tohavelookedD)buying...tolook

42)InsomecounTRiespeoplefavor__C__togethereventhoughthereismuchmorespace.

A)tostayB)stayC)stayingD)stayed

43)"WhywasFredsoupset""Heisn'tused_C___criticized."A)beB)tobeC)tobeingD)shavingsbeen

44)It'snouse_B___togetabargainthesedays.

A)toexpectB)expecting

C)wantingD)youexpect

45)"Whywereyousolateforworktoday""__A__totheofficewasveryslowthismorningbecauseoftheTRaffic."

A)DrivingB)Idrove

C)TodriveD)ThatIdrove

46)Itwasimpoliteofhim__A__without____good-bye.

A)toleave,sayingB)leaving,tosay

C)toleave,tosayD)leaving,saying

47)Hekept__C__tohisparents.

A)puttingofftowriteB)toputofftowrite

C)puttingoffwritingD)toputoffwriting

48)I'llgowithyouafterIgetthroughwith_A___thehouse.

A)cleaningB)tocleaning

C)tobecleanedD)shavingscleaned

49)Withapplesat25centsapound,wecouldn'tresist__C__fourpounds.

A)totakeB)tookC)takingD)havetaken

50)Howcanyoukeepthemachine_C___whenyouareaway

A)runB)torunC)runningD)beingrun

动名词

Ⅰ.单项选择(45%)

oneenjoys(C)at.

laugh

laughedbelaughed

mustdosomethingtopreventyourhouse(B).

bebrokeninbeingbrokenin

breakinbreakingin

insistedon(C)anotherchancetotry.

givenbegiven

4.—WhereismypassportIremember(C)ithere.

—Youshouldn'thaveleftithere.Rememberitwithyouallthetime.

put；totake；taking

；totakeput；taking

roomneeds(A),sohemusthaveit

；painted；painting

；painting；painted

finishinghishomeworkhewenton(D)alettertohisparents.

write

youngtreesweplantedlastweekrequire(A)withgreatcare.

afterlookafterbelookedaftergoodcareof

(D)Englishdoesn'tmean()thelanguage.

learn；tolearn；learning

about；learnabout；learning

returnedhomeonlytofindthedooropenandsomething(C).

bemissingbemissed

decidedtodevoteherself(C)theproblemofoldage.

studystudying

(C)thenewspaperwhenyouhavefinishedit.

backbackputbackputback

sheislookingforwardto(B)fromme,pleaseremember()thisletteronyourwaytoschool.

；post；topost

heard；postinghearing；toposting

saidthatshehadalotoftrouble(C)yourhandwriting.

readseeseeing

storiesandarticles(A)whatIenjoymost.

appreciate(C)ustotheball.

toinviteinvite

invitinginvited

youmind(C)quietforamomentI'mtrying()aform.

；fillingoutkeep；tofillout

；tofilloutkeep；fillingout

wasafraid(B)forbeinglate.

seeingbeingseenbeseenhaveseen

'dliketosuggest(B)themeetingtillnextweek.

putoffoffoffbeputoff

don'tseehowIcouldpossiblymanage(B)theworkwithout().

；helpingfinish；beinghelped

；helping；beinghelped

worth(A)isworthyof()well.

；beingdone；doing

bedone；tobedonebedone；beingdone

advisedthemtotakearest,buttheyinsisted(D)thework.

finish

finishingfinishing

delayed(B)yourletterbecauseIhadbeenawayforawe