2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号45

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.填空题

（1）

totheCanadianmedia,thereiswidespread（2）ofthegovernment'splantoreformhighereducation.Angry（3）againstthemeasurehavebeenorganizedinseveralmajorcities.

【答案】1.according;

2.criticism;

3.people

【解析】1.固定搭配。Accordingto根据。

2.语义题。第二空填名词，由后面的关键信息Angry和against可知填criticism(批评)符合题意。

3.语义题。第三空为主语的一部分,谓语动词为organized(组织),同时受Angry修饰，结合上下文可以填people。

2.填空题

AHaveyouseenmydictionary?Ican’tfindit（1）.

BIsthatitovertherebythedoor?

CItis!I（2）haveleftitthereyesterdayafternoonaswewereleavingfortheday.

句意:

你有看见我的字典吗？我到处都找不到它。

在门口的那个是你的字典不？

是的！在昨天下午我们放学时，我有可能把它放在那里了。

【答案】1.anywhere

2.probably

【解析】1.语义题。anywhere:任何地方，到处。

2.语法题。副词修饰动词left（动词leave的过去分词）。

3.填空题

Thesedayspeoplegettheirnewsfrommanydifferent（1）.Somepeoplestillreadanold-styleprinteddailynewspaper,while（2）readnewspaperson（3）.Manypeopleno（4）readanewspaperatall,insteadrelying（5）theinternetforshortnewsarticles,orvisitingfavoritewebsitesthatcirculatepiecesfromotherwebsites.AnothergroupofpeoplegetmostoftheirnewsfromTVorradiobroadcasts.ManyWesternintellectualsregardthedeclineofthegreat

dailynewspapersasanegative（6）thatwillleadtoa（7）understandingofworldaffairs.Theyarealarmedbythegrowingnumberofpeoplewholargely

（8）

theoutsideworld,focusingontheirownsocietyorsmallpersonalsphere.

句意:

现在人们可以通过多种出处获取新闻。一些人仍然阅读老式的纸质日报，而另一些人则在网上看报纸。许多人不再在网上看报纸，相反只是依赖网络去关注短消息，或浏览自己喜欢的网站。还有一群人是通过电视或收音机获取大部分消息。许多西方知识分子把伟大的日报的衰落视为一种负面的现象，它将导致人们对世界事务了解的匮乏。他们惊讶地发现，越来越多的人只会把注意力放在自我世界之中，关心自己的事，而忽视外面的世界。

【答案】1.sources

2.others

3.internet

4.longer

5.on

6.phenomenon

7.poor

8.ignore

【解析】1.逻辑衔接。由关键词“news新闻”知这里指代“从不同的出处或消息来源获取新闻”，故这里填sources“出处；消息来源”。

2.固定搭配。some...others—些，另一些。

3.逻辑衔接。文中提到一些人读纸质报纸，那另一些人很自然就读网上的报纸。

4.固定搭配。Nolonger...atall不再

5.固定搭配。relyon依靠

6.语义题。句意:许多知识分子把伟大的日报的衰落视为一种负面的现象。

7.语义题。句意:阅读报纸的人数下降，人们对世界事务的了解变得匮乏。

8.语义题。句意:人们把注意力放在个人世界里，也就会无视外面的世界。

4.填空题

A:Ittakeshalf（1）hourto（2）tothestation.Ifwedon'tsetoutsoon,I'm（3）we'llmissourtrain.

B:Oh，I’mgladyoutoldme!I（4）itonlytook15minutes.We’d（5）go

rightawaythen.

【答案】1.an

2.get

3.afraid

4.thought

5.better

【解析】1.固定搭配。halfanhour半小时。

2.固定搭配。Getto到达。

3.固定搭配。I’mafraid....恐怕…

4.语义题。句意:我还以为只要15分钟。前面句子为一般过去时,所以这里也用一般过去时(think的过去式thought)。

5.固定搭配。wouldbetterdosth.最好…。

5.填空题

Mydaughterisrather（1）toairpollution,sowemakesurethatshewearsa（2）whenshegoestoschoolinthemorning,（3）ondayswhentheairqualityindexisbad.That’ssomethingweunfailinglycheckonlinewhilewe'reeatingbreakfast.

【答案】1.vulnerable;

2.mask;

3.especially/particularly

【解析】1.固定搭配。第一空为固定搭配。Bevulnerable(to)易遭受…。

2.语义题。第二空前面有一个a，因此此处应填名词,结合句意可知mask(口罩)合适。

3.语义题。第三空后面ondays...是修饰句子shewearsamask的时间状语，所以此处填入一个副词起修饰作用，故particularly“尤其”符合句意。

6.填空题

A:Ican'tspeakRussian.

B:Ican't（

）.Weobviouslyneedaninterpreter.

【答案】neither

【解析】语义题。Neither表示“两者都不……”。

7.填空题

13.Wearehavingsome（1）withthemachinethatweimported（2）Japanlastyear.Ithas（3）downtwicealready.Eachtimewehave（4）toaskatechniciantocometoBeijingto（5）it.Thegoodnewsisthatourtechnicianshave（6）completedtheirtraininginTokyo.Thenexttimewehavea（7）,wewon’tneedtosendforaJapanesespecialist.

句意:

我们去年从日本进口的这台机器正有些故障。它已经发生过两次故障了。每次故障发生时，我们都不得不让日方派技术员来北京修理它。好消息是我们自己的技术员己经结束了他们在东京的培训。下次该机器再有故障时，我们就不需要邀请日本专家了。

【答案】1.trouble

2.from

3.broken

4.had

5.repair

6.already

7.breakdown

【解析】1.固定搭配。Havetroublewith…有故障。

2.固定搭配。importedfrom从…进口。

3.固定搭配。breakdown损坏，分解，发生故障，分词为brokendown。

4.固定搭配。Haveto不得不。have后加动词过去分词表完成时态，故这里应填had。

5.语义题。修理用repair。

6.语义题。Havealready已经。

7.语义题。haveabreakdown损坏,出故障。

8.填空题

WhenLiSanwenttothehospitalforhis（1）healthcheck-up,thedoctor

onceagainadvisedhimtoquitsmokingand（2）weight.HealsotoldLitogetmore（3）andcutdownonthe（4）ofsaltinhasdiet.Lihasheardthismanytimesbefore,buthewillprobably（5）theadvice,（6）hehasinthepast.I’mafraiditwilltakeaheartattacktomakehim（7）hisattitude.

【答案】1.regular

2.lose

3.exercise

4.amount

5.ignore

6.as

7.change

【解析】1.语义题。regularhealthcheck-up常规健康体检

2.固定搭配。Loseweight减肥。

3.语义题。getmoreexercise加强锻炼

4.语义题。Amount数量。

5.语义题。Ignoretheadvice忽视意见。

6.语义题。As正如。

7.固定搭配。changeone'sattitude转变观念。

9.单选题

Thestudentslisteningtothepompousofficial’slongspeechweresoonveryboring;nodoubtmanyofthemhadtheirmindsmoreonwhatwasforlunchthanonwhathewassaying.

问题1选项

A.were

B.veryboring

C.hadtheirminds

D.onwhatwasforlunchthanon

E.没有问题

【答案】B

【解析】形容词误用。boring改为bored。boring令人厌烦的。bored感到无聊的。

10.填空题

A:You’relate

B:（1）I?I’msorryImusthavelosttrackofthetime.HasMikearrived（2）?

A:Yes,he（3）hereabout15minutesago.He’sinthelavatorynow.

B:Oh,look!（4）heis!Hi,Mike!

C:Hi,Angela!It’sgoodtoseeyouagain.

A:Well,nowthateveryone’shere,Iguesswe’d（5）findacabandsetout.

【答案】Am;yet;arrived;Here/There;better

【解析】句意:

一一你迟到了。

1-2.语义题。一一是吗？抱歉，我一定是忘了时间了。迈克已经到了吗？

3.语义题。一一到了，他十五分钟之前就到了。他现在在厕所。

4.语义题。一一看！他在这里（那里）。你好，迈克！

一一你好，安吉利尔！很高兴再次见到你。

5.固定搭配。一一好了，现在我们都到齐了。我想我们最好叫辆出租车出发吧。

11.单选题

WeareundertakingasurveytoevaluatetheextenttowhichtheeducationalsystemthatexistsinChinatodayanswerstheneedsofsociety.

问题1选项

A.areundertaking

B.theextenttowhich

C.answers

D.ofsociety

E.没有问题

【答案】E

12.单选题

EveniffewobserverswouldclassifyChinaasatrulychild-centeredsociety,Chinesecultureundoubtedlyplacesahighvalueontheirchildren.

问题1选项

A.Eveniffew

B.wouldclassify

C.asatrulychild-centeredsociety

D.ontheirchildren

E.没有错误

【答案】D

【解析】代词误用。去掉their。句子主语为Chineseculture,根据句子结构推断their指代的是Chineseculture,显然不合适。

13.填空题

IranintoWangTaoandLiSan（1）thetradefairinMunbaiinFebruary.I（2）seenthemsince2007（3）ofthemliketheirnewjobs,but（4）wantstostayinShenzhenmuchlonger.

【答案】1.at

2.Haven’t

3.Both

4.neither

【解析】1.语法题。此处应该用介词at。Atthetradefair在交易会上。

2.

语法题。此处有提示词since,所以此处表示

“自从2007年来,就没见过他们了”,因此用现在完成时的否定haven’t

done。

3.语义题。此处填both(两者都…)符合句意。

4.语义题。Neither表示“都不”。

14.填空题

Who（1）youyourfirstChinesecharacterswhenyouwereachild?Anddidyouuseapencil,apen（2）abrushtowritethem?

【答案】1.taught

2.and

【解析】1.语义题。teachsb.sth.“教授某人”，由题干的表示时间的“whenyouwereachild”可知第一个空应填入teach的过去式taught。

2.逻辑分析。apencil,apen,abrush三者是并列关系,用and连接表示列举。

15.单选题

1.Twelvemonthsago,LululemonAthleticawasoneofthehottestbrandsintheworld.Salesofitshigh-pricedyogagearwereexploding;thecompanywasexpandingintonewmarkets;expertswereinaweofits“cult-likefollowing.”Asoneobserverputit,“They’remorethanapparel.They’realifestyle.”Butthencustomersstartedcomplainingaboutpillingfabrics,bleedingdyesand,mostmemorably,yogapantssothinthattheyeffectivelybecametransparentwhenyoubentover.Lululemon'sfoundermadethingsworsebysuggestingthatsomewomenweretoofattowearthecompany’sclothes.AndthatwastheendofLululemon’scharmedexistence:thefoundersteppeddownfromhismanagementrole,and,afewweeksago,thecompanysaidthatithadseensales“deceleratemeaningfully.”

2.It’satruismofbusinessschoolthinkingthatacompany'sbrandisits“mostimportantasset,”morevaluablethantechnologyorpatentsormanufacturingprowess.Butbrandshaveneverbeenmorefragile.Thereasonissimple:consumersaresupremelywellinformedandfarmorelikelytoinvestigatetherealvalueofproductsthantorelyonlogos.AbsoluteValue,anewbookbyItamarSimonson,amarketingprofessoratStanford,andEmanuelRosen,aformersoftwareexecutive,showsthat,historically,theriseofbrandswasaresponsetoaninformation-poorenvironment.Whenconsumershadtorelyonadvertisementsandtheirpastexperiencewithacompany,brandsservedasproxiesforquality;ifacarwasmadebyGeneralMotors,oraketchupbyHeinz,peopleassumedthatitwasprettygood.Itwashardtofigureoutifanewproductfromanunfamiliarcompanywasreliableornot,sobrandloyaltywasawayofreducingrisk.Asrecentlyasthe1980s,nearlyfour-fifthsofAmericancarbuyersstayedloyaltoabrand.

3.Todayconsumerscanreadreamsofresearchaboutwhatevertheywanttobuy.This

startedbackwithConsumerReports,whichpublishedobjectivestudiesofproducts,andwithJDPower'squalityrankings,whichrevealedwhatordinarycustomersthoughtofthecarstheyhadbought.Butwhathasreallyweakenedthepowerofbrandsistheinternet,whichhasgivenordinaryconsumerseasyaccesstoexpertreviews,userreviewsanddetailedproductdata,inanarrayofcategories.ArecentPricewaterhouseCoopersstudyfoundthat80percentofconsumerslookatonlinereviewsbeforemakingmajorpurchases,andahostofstudieshaveloggedthestronginfluencethosereviewshaveonthedecisionspeoplemake.Theriseofsocialmediahasacceleratedthetrendtoanastonishingdegree:adudproductcanbecomealaughingstockinamatterofhours.IntheolddaysyoumightbuyaSonytelevisionsetbecauseyouhadownedonebefore,orbecauseyoutrustedthebrand.TodaysuchconsiderationsmattermuchlessthanreviewsonAmazonandEngadgetandCNET.AsSimonsontoldme,“eachproductnowhastoproveitselfonitsown.”

4.Ithasbeenarguedthatthewelterofinformationwillactuallymakebrandsmorevaluable.AstheinfluentialconsultancyInterbrandputsit,“Inaworldwhereconsumersareoftenoverwhelmedwithinformation,theroleabrandplaysinpeople’sliveshasbecomeallthemoreimportant.”Butinformationoverloadislargelyamyth.“Mostconsumerslearnveryquicklyhowtogetagreatdealofinformationefficientlyandeffectively,”Simonsonsays."Mostofusfigureouthowtofindwhatwe’relookingforwithoutspendinghugeamountsoftimeonline."Andthishasmadecustomerloyaltyprettymuchathingofthepast.Only25percentofAmericanrespondentsinarecentErnst&Youngstudysaidthatbrandloyaltyaffectedhowtheyshopped.

5.Forestablishedbrandsthisisanightmare.Youcannevercoastonpastperformance—thepercentageofbrand-loyalcarbuyershasplummetedinthepasttwentyyears—andthepricepremiumthatarecognizedbrandcanchargehasshrunk.Ifyouaremakingabetterproduct,youcanstillchargemore,but,ifyourproductismuchlikethatofyourcompetitors,yourpriceneedstobesimilartoo.Thatistheclearestindicationthattheeconomicvalueofbrands—traditionallyassessedbythepremiumacompanycouldcharge—iswaning.Thisisn’ttrueacrosstheboard:brandsretainvaluewherethebrandassociationisintegraltotheexperienceofaproduct(Coca-Cola,say),orwheretheyconferstatus,aswithluxurygoods.Butevenheretheinformationdelugeistransformative;luxurytravel,forinstance,hasbeenprofoundlyaffectedbywebsiteslikeTripAdvisor.

6.Forconsumersthisisideal:theyaremakingbetterchoices,andheightenedcompetitionhasraisedqualityandhelddownprices.Andtheyarenottheonlybeneficiaries;upstartsnowfinditeasiertocompetewiththebigboys.Ifyoubuildabettermousetrap,peoplewillsoonknowaboutit.Adecadeago,personal-computercompanieslikeAsusandAcerhadalmostnobrandidentityoutsideTaiwan.Nowtheyaremajorplayers.Roku,amakerofstreamingentertainmentdevices,hasthrivedeventhoughitsproductshavetocompetewithsimilaronesmadebyApple(whichisusuallycitedastheworld'smostvaluablebrand).AndtheKoreancarmakerHyundaihasgonefrombeingajoketosellingfourmillioncarsayear.Formuchofthe20thcentury,consumermarketswerestable.Todaytheyaretumultuous,andyouareonlyasgoodasyourlastproduct.ForbrandslikeLululemonthereisonlyoneconsolation:makesomethingreallygreatandyourpastsinswillbeforgotten.

1.AccordingtotextA,whichwaspublishedrecently,withinthepastyearLululemonAthletica（

）.

2.Thebestoppositeoftheverbtodecelerate(usedinparagraph1)isto（

）.

3.Acompany'sbrandisits“mostimportantasset”'(paragraph2).TextA（

）.

4.Americanconsumersusedtobeloyaltobrands（

）.

5.Inparagraph3,socialmediaarementioned（

）.

6.BasedontheevidencepresentedintextA,（

）

7.Tojudgefromwhathewrites,theauthoroftextA（

）.

8.TheauthorcitesHyundaiasanexampleofafirmthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.hasemergedasanewreligiousgroup.

B.hassuccessfullypersuadedoverweightwomentoavoidwearingyogapants,

C.bothoftheabove.

D.neitheroftheabove.

问题2选项

A.bumup.

B.speedup.

C.growup.

D.riseup.

问题3选项

A.offersabundantsupportforthisview.

B.showsthatthestatementwaseventruerinthepastthanitisinthe21stcentury

C.showsthatthisviewhasalwaysbeenfalse.

D.suggeststhatthisviewisincreasinglyoutofdate.

问题4选项

A.becausetheyeitherweretoobusyorlackedtheeducationtoseekreliableinformationonproductquality

B.becauseoftheimpactofadvertising,whichineffectprogrammedconsumerstorespondtothecalculatedappealofcertainbrands

C.thatexperiencehadtaughtthemtotrustinordertoreducethelikelihoodofmakingcostlymistakes

D.thattheyhadlearnedtorecognizeovertheyearsbyreadingConsumerReportsorsimilarpublications

问题5选项

A.asamajorfactorintheInternet'serosionofwhatremainsofbrandloyalty.

B.asanexampleofhowconsumersgainaccesstoexpertopiniononproductquality.

C.toshowthatbrandloyaltyisgrowingastheinternethelpspeopletoavoidundesirableproductsassociatedwithquestionablebrands.

D.asanexampleofwhatadvertiserscandotostrengthentheappealofabrand.

问题6选项

A.onecansafelypredictthatbrandswillsoonceasetobeafeatureofmarketing.

B.itisclearthatexpertsallagreeonhowthenewabundanceofproductinformationwillaffectconsumerchoices.

C.thereappearstobecontinuingdisagreementoverthefuturevalueofbrandsasamarketingtool.

D.itseemsthatprofessionalmarketanalystssharetheviewthatbrandloyaltywillreemergefollowingtheongoingtumult,whichistheresultofrapidtechnologicalchange.

问题7选项

A.suggeststhattheriseoftheinternet,andaboveallofsocialmedia,doombrand-basedcommerce.

B.feelsthatconsumersarebeingwellservedbythevastincreaseinaccesstoproductinformationonline.

C.believesthatthetrendsheoutlineswillmakeiteasierforbigcompaniestocontinuetodominateconsumermarkets.

D.thinksthatcompanieswillbeabletousetheinternettodesignproductsthatreflectconsumerpreferencesmoreeffectively.

问题8选项

A.oncehadapoorreputationbutisnowsuccessfulinitsindustry.

B.hassolveditsearlierimageproblembysellingmillionsofautomobiles.

C.offersevidenceofthegreatstabilityofconsumermarketsinthe20thcentury

D.showshowimportanthumorisinmarketingproductstotoday’sconsumers.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:112个月前，露露柠檬公司还是世界上炙手可热的品牌之一。它的昂贵的瑜咖装备的销量激增,但是之后消费者们开始抱怨容易起球的布料，会褪色的染料，以及最显著的瑜伽裤子实在太薄了，以至于当你弯腰时裤子实际上就变得透明。露露柠檬公司的创始人的言论使得情况雪上加霜，他暗指一些女性是因为太胖，才穿不下公司的衣服。由此推测D项正确。

2.词义题。第一段最后一句中的“deceleratemeaningfully.”最可能指代“公司的销售减速”，由此它的反义词是“加速”。

3.细节事实题。根据第二段第二句“Butbrandshaveneverbeenmorefragile.但是品牌从未像如今这般脆弱不堪”及第三句“Thereasonissimple:consumersaresupremelywellinformedandfarmorelikelytoinvestigatetherealvalueofproductsthantorelyonlogos.理由很简单：现在的消费者消息非常灵通，与其依赖品牌形象，更愿意去调查产品的真实价值”知D项“暗示这种观念正在渐渐过时"正确。

4.细节事实题。第二段:Whenconsumershadtorelyonadvertisementsandtheirpastexperiencewithacompany,brandsservedasproxiesforquality(当消费者不得不依赖广告以及他们在该公司的购物体验时，品牌起到了产品质量代言人的作用),以及后面指出:...sobrandloyaltywasawayofreducingrisk.所以品牌忠诚度是一个降低风险的方式,由此可知知C项“经验教会他们信任品牌，以减少犯代价昂贵的错误的可能性”正确。

5.细节事实题。第三段指出:Butwhathasreallyweakenedthepowerofbrandsistheinternet,whichhasgivenordinaryconsumerseasyaccesstoexpertreviews,userreviewsanddetailedproductdata,inanarrayofcategories(然而真正削弱了品牌力量的是互联网，网络使得普通消费者也可以很容易地获取分门别类的专业评价、用户评价，以及详细的产品数据),以及后面:Theriseofsocialmediahasacceleratedthetrendtoanastonishingdegree:...(社交媒体的出现己在一个令人惊讶的程度上假设了这种趋势（即削弱了品牌力量的趋势)，由此可知A项“已成为互联网削弱品牌忠诚度的一个主要因素”正确。

6.推理判断题。根据第四段第六句“Andthishasmadecustomerloyaltyprettymuchathingofthepast.这导致消费者忠诚度的讲法成为过去”及第五段中“Thisisn'ttrueacrosstheboard:brandsretainvaluewherethebrandassociationisintegraltotheexperienceofaproduct（Coca-Cola,say）,这并非一概而论：品牌保留价值，因为品牌联想是产品体验不可或缺的一部分(如可口可乐)”知C项“在品牌作为营销工具的未来价值上貌似存在持续的争议”正确。

7.推理判断题。由第五段中“Thisisn’ttrueacrosstheboard:brandsretainvaluewherethebrandassociationisintegraltotheexperienceofaproduct（Coca-Cola,say）这并非一概而论：品牌保留价值，因为品牌联想是产品体验不可或缺的一部分(如可口可乐)”知A项“暗示互联网的出现，尤其是社交媒体的出现使基于品牌的商业失败”的说法过于绝对；第五段:Forestablishedbrandsthisisanightmare.Youcannevercoastonpastperformance...(对已确定的品牌而言，这是一个噩梦，你决不能不费力气或没有麻烦地依靠你之前的功绩),由此可知C项“认为他例举的趋势将让大企业更容易继续去支配消费者市场”不正确。D项“认为企业将能利用互联网去设计更能有效地反应消费者喜好的产品”在文中没有提及。第六段:Forconsumersthisisideal:theyaremakingbetterchoices,andheightenedcompetitionhasraisedqualityandhelddownprices(对消费者而言，他们在在做更好的选择，提高的竞争提升了产品的质量且也降低了产品价格)。可知B“认为消费者通过大量获取互联网上的产品信息而正受到得到更好的服务”正确。

8.推理判断题。根据第六段中“AndtheKoreancarmakerHyundaihasgonefrombeingajoketosellingfourmillioncarsayear.而且，韩国汽车生产者现代集团己从一个笑话变成一个每年销售四百万汽车的企业”知A项“曾经声誉不好，但现在在它的行业却获得了成功”正确。

16.填空题

Is（1）acarreallysuchagoodidea?Thinkofhowmuchfuelitwouldneed,andofthecostofmaintenanceandinsurance.Inthisneighborhoodyou’dprobablyhavetopayafeeto（2）itatnight.OnyoursalaryIreally（3）thatyoucan（4）it.Asafriend,Iwould（5）

youtowaituntilyourfinancialsituationimproves.

大意:买车真的是个好想法吗？想想它需要多少油耗，维修和保养要多少花费。在这附近，晚上，你可能需要付费停车。以你的工资，我真怀疑你能买得起。作为朋友，我建议，等你经济状况有所提高后再买。

【答案】1.buying

2.park

3.doubt

4.afford

5.advise

【解析】1.词汇题。此处应填一个动词的ing形式,宾语为acar。本段讲的应该是关于“购买一辆车”。

2.词汇题。句意:在这附近，晚上，你可能需要付费停车。因此此处填入动词原形park。

3.词汇题。句意:以你的工资，我真怀疑你能否买得起。

4.词汇题。此处应填一个动词,而且表示“买得起”,故填afford。

5.词汇题。空格处应填一个谓语动词,根据后面的内容推测此处应该是给与建议。因此填advise，advisesb.Todosth.建议某人做某事。

17.单选题

1.Recentreportsthatbedbugs［臭虫］haveinfiltratedofficebuildings,movietheatersandstoresinNewYorkdidnotcomeasasurprisetoWesTyler,generalmanagerofaprestigioushotelindowntownSanFrancisco.“Shortofputtingabedbug-sniffingbeagleatyourdoortocheckeveryarrivingguestbeforetheycomein,you’regoingtogetbedbugs，”hesaid.“Dealingwiththemisthecostofdoingbusinessthesedays.”

2.Anemployeefirstdiscoveredabedbuginthe137-roomhotelin2003,andMr.Tyler

hassinceinstitutedacomprehensivebedbugdetectionprogramtofindtheblood-suckinginsectsbeforeaguestdoes.Forstarters,Mr.Tylercreatedapositioncalled“bedbugtechnician”——anemployeewhosesolejobistogofromroomtoroomcheckingforbedbugs.Thereisalsoabedbugbountyof$10paidtoanyemployeewhofindsone.Ifabedbugisfound,theroomandalladjacentroomaretakenoutofserviceforuptofivedayswhiletheyaresteam-cleanedandchemicallytreatedtoeliminatethebugsandtheireggs.Themattressesintheroomsarealsodiscarded.Thetotalcostforeachroomis$2,500,includinglostbookings.“Itsoundslikealotofmoney,butthevalueofagoodreputationisinfinite,”Mr.Tylersaid,“Yourbiggestfearisthatsomeonewillgetbittenandpostsomethingaboutitonanonlinetravelsite,andthat’dbeakiller.”

3.Bedbugsusedtobesolelyaresidentialproblem,buttheyareshowingupincommercialsettings,andnotjustinplaceswithbedslikehotels,nursinghomesandapartmentcomplexes.Increasingly,pestcontrolcompaniesreportfindingbedbugsinofficebuildings,movietheaters,clothingstores,foodplants,factoriesandevenairplanes.Fortheaffectedbusinesses,theexpensecanrunintothehundredsofthousandsofdollars.Forthecompaniesthatdealwiththescourge,itisabonanza,withbusinessdoublingandtripling.

4.Thecostsofcopingwithbedbugsaresignificant,andtheyarenotcoveredbymostinsurancepoliciesbecausetheyareseenasamaintenanceissue.Hiringbedbug-sniffingdogs,whichisconsideredthemosteffectivedetectiontechnique,costsabout$250fora1,200-square-footretailstoreandasmuchas$10,000foramillion-square-footdepartmentstore."Tostayaheadofbedbugs,Irecommendusingthedogstodoathoroughinspectionquarterly/'saidPepePeruyero,chiefexecutiveofacompanyinFloridathattrainsbedbug-sniffingdogsandoffersinspectionsforlargebuildingslikedepartmentstoresandschooldormitories.However,headded,manycustomerscannotafforditandinsteadchoosetorelyonthevigilanceofemployeesafteraninitialdogcheckcomesupclean.

5.Eliminatinginfestationsisalsocostly,rangingfrom$750forafewroomsinanofficebuildingto$70,000foralargeapartmentcomplex.Andthatisjustfortheapplicationofthecombinationofpesticidesthatkillsbedbugs.Itcostsanadditional40percentforthemostthoroughregimen:placingallthecontentsofanofficeorretailspaceintoaheatchamber——bedbugsdieat120degreesFahrenheit—andthensprayingpesticidesinthetemporarilyemptyrooms.’’Ittakesaboutfourtosevenhoursperroom”forthecombinationheatandpesticideprocedureandacoupleofhoursonthreeseparateoccasionsifusingpesticidesalone,saidJudyBlack,technicaldirectorforalargefirmbasedinCharlotte,NorthCarolina,whichprovidespestcontrolandotherqualitycontrolservicestocommercialcustomers."Gettingridofbedbugsisnotquickoreasy.”

6.Businesseslosemoneywhentheyhavetointerruptoperations.Inaddition,theymayhavetodestroybedbug-infestedmerchandise.Onewell-knownchainofsportinggoodsstores,forexample,hadtoclosetwoofitsoutletsinNewYorkinJuly,oneforfourbusinessdaysandanotherforfive,todealwithbedbuginfestations.Arepresentativeconfirmeddisposingofmerchandisebutdeclinedtocommentonthecost.

7.ThemanagementsoftheEmpireStateBuilding(afamousNewYorkCityskyscraper)andtheAMCTheaterchainweresimilarlytightlippedaboutthecostofdealingwithrecentbedbuginfestations."Nobodywantstotalkaboutthiseventhoughit'shappeningeverywhere,"saidRonHarrison,directoroftechnicalservicesforaAtlanta-basedpestcontrolcompanywhosecommercialbusinesshasmorethantripledsince2008."IspokebeforeachapteroftheNationalApartmentAssociationinoneAlabamacityandaskedforashowofhandsofthosewhohadexperiencedproblemswithbedbugs,andnotasinglehandwentup——yetrightthereinfrontofmewerethreeofourcustomerswhoIknowhadusedourservicestodeadwithbedbugsintheircommercialproperty."

8.Thesilence,ofcourse,istoavoidthestigmaofaninfestation.Evenifbusinesses

managetoavoidmediaattention,theymayendupononeofseveralwebsiteslikeand,whichencouragepeopletoreporthotels,apartmentcomplexes,officesandretailerswheretheysaworwerebittenbybedbugs."It’sbeennonstopdramadealingwithhotelsdisputingclaims,"saidMattCeglowski,acomputerprogrammerinSanFranciscowhostartedinNovember2006afterhewasbittenbybedbugsinalocalhotel."Everyoneisscaredofbeingpubliclyoustedandlosingbusiness."

9.Thereisalsoarealfearofliability.Bedbug-relatedlawsuitshavebeenincreasingsince2003,andseverallawyersnowadvertisethemselvesasspecialistsinsuchlitigation.TypicalisarecentcasefiledagainstalargePennsylvaniafurnitureestablishmentbyawomanwhocontendsthatfurnituresheboughttherehadbedbugs.Incourtdocuments,shesaidshewantedatleast$50,000incompensationbecausethebedbugsnotonlygaveheritchyweltsbutalsocausedhertoloseherhairandherjobasanattendantatanursinghome."Mostbedbugsuitsaresettledoutofcourtforlessthan$5,000,butI’veseendamagesgoashighassixfigures,”saidChristianHardigree,associateprofessorattheCollegeofHotelAdministrationattheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas,andalawyerwhohasconsultedonbedbugcasesinvolvinghotels,cruiseships,movietheatersandnursinghomes."Itcanbeanightmareforbusinessesbecausealotofclaimantsinthesecasesaretreatingthelitigationsystemlikealotteryandaregoingafterthebigwin."

10.Inadditiontopersonal-injurylawfirms,otherbusinessesbenefitingfromthebedbugscourgeincludeafirmbasedinChicagothatmanufacturesenvelopingmattresscasestokeepoutmitesandbedbugs.Thecompanydevelopedtheproductin2004andhadsalesof$10millionlastyear,twiceasmuchasinthepreviousyear,accordingtoJamesBell,thecompany’schiefexecutive.Hepredictsanevenlargerjumpinsalesthisyear.“Theresponsehasbeenenormous,”hesaid.

11.BedbugsgaveLindaDevelascoofsuburbanChicagoanewcareerwhenshewaslaidofffromherjobasanew-accountsmanageratVerizontwoyearsago.Havinglearnedaboutbedbugsinthehospitalityindustryfromherfiance,whowasgeneralmanagerofahotel,sheboughtabedbug-sniffingbeaglenamedScoobyfor$9,700.Sherecoupedtheexpensewithinthreemonthsbydoingonetothreeinspectionseachweek."Hewaswortheverypenny,"saidMs.Develasco,whohadbeendoingmostlyresidentialworkbutwithinthelastweekbeganinspectingofficebuildings,retailstoresandmovietheaters.“It’sbeencrazy.”

12.Exterminatorsarealsoenjoyingawindfallafterseveralyearsofdecliningrevenueascustomerscutbackonpestcontroltreatmentstosavemoneyinthetighteconomy.“Ijustgota$60,000contracttotakecareofbedbugsinanapartmentcomplex”.TonyEsposito,ownerofasmallpestcontrolcompanyinTexas,shoutedintohiscellphoneashedrovetoinvestigateanotherbedbugcomplaintinnearbyHouston.“Ihadtopullmytruckoveranddoahappydance."

1.Ofthefoursuggestedtitlesbelow,thebestoneforthisarticleis（

）.

2.Mr.Tyler,theCalifornianhotelmanager（

）.

3.WhenMr.Tylerisquotedasusingthewordkillerinparagraph2,hemeans（

）.

4.Theuseoftraineddogstodetectbedbugs（

）.

5.Accordingtothearticle,insurancecompaniesare（

）.

6.Wemaydeducefromtheinformationinthearticlethatwhenbusinessesdiscoverbedbugstheytendtolosemoneyforeveryreasonexcept（

）.

7.WhenLindaDevelascousesthewordcrazyinpa