2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号88

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题Each morning the priest spent an hour in quiet contemplation.问题1选项A.intuitionB.reflectionC.meditationD.perception【答案】C【解析】句意： 牧师每天早晨花一个小时静静地沉思。contemplation意为“沉思”。intuition 直觉；reflection 映像，反射；meditation 冥想，沉思，静坐；perc

2、eption 洞察力，看法。选项C与之意思相近。2.单选题It has been ten years since I （ ）you last.问题1选项A.seeB.sawC.didnt seeD.havent seen【答案】B【解析】根据last可知这里应该为一般过去时，排除选项A和D；根据句意可知，选项B正确。句意：自从我上次见你到现在已经有十年了。3.单选题The amount of open space has （ ）as more and more land is developed.问题1选项A.dominatedB.dwindledC.dispersedD.disseminat

3、ed【答案】B【解析】dominate控制，支配，占优势；dwindle减少，变小；disperse 分散，传播；disseminate散布，传播。句意：随着越来越多的土地被开发，开放空间的数量减少了。选项B符合句意。4.翻译题人们对金钱有各自的看法。有的人喜欢钱是因为钱能为他们买到东西，另一些人则把它看作安全的保障。有的人担心自己永远挣不到足够的钱，另一些人则不喜欢有太多的钱。人们对于钱的态度取决于许多方面：在什么样的环境中长大，习惯于拥有多少钱，是为钱而努力工作还是为喜欢的工作而挣钱。甚至人们对生活的信念也影响对金钱的看法。对于金钱的态度没有正确和错误之分，每种态度都自有其合理之处。【答案

4、】People have their own views on money. Some people like money because money can buy things for them, while others treat it as a security guarantee. Some people worry that they will never earn enough money, while others would not like to have too much money. Peoples attitude towards money depends on

5、many aspects such as in what kind of environment you grow up, how much money you are used to obtaining, and you work hard for making money or make money just because you love the job. Even the faith of peoples life also affects the view on money. There is no right or wrong attitude towards money, an

6、d each attitude has its own reasonable point.5.单选题Tool makers must have the ability to work very （ ）in order to meet exact specifications.问题1选项A.plausiblyB.profoundlyC.preciselyD.primarily【答案】C【解析】plausibly 似真地；profoundly深刻地，极度地；precisely 精确地，恰好；primarily 主要地，根本上。句意：工具制造者必须能非常精确地工作，以满足准确的规格要求。根据下文可知

7、，选项C符合句意。6.单选题The teacher blamed his students for playing pranks in the classroom.问题1选项A.tricksB.nudesC.cribsD.quips【答案】A【解析】句意：老师责备他的学生在教室里搞恶作剧。pranks指“恶作剧”。tricks 诡计，骗局；nudes肉色针织物；cribs婴儿床，栅栏；quips妙语，讽刺语。选项A与之意思相近。7.单选题I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am

8、so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes, it is not a bad dream that wakes me; it is the reality I took with me into sleep. I try to think of something else. Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind.I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her. She was

9、 selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness. I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends

10、and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair.I dont know the word for ribbons, so I put my hand to my own hair and, with three fingers against my head, I looked at her ribbons and said Beautiful. She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasnt sure if she understood me (I dont speak Laoti

11、an very well).I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is

12、done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of barga

13、ining. We shook our heads in disagreement over theprice; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldnt make enou

14、gh money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almos

15、t felt happy.The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace, I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didnt, of course.I have learned to defend myself agai

16、nst what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them

17、 again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!There is no def

18、ense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didnt cry.1.According to the writer, the woman in the marketplace（ ）.2.Which of the following in NOT correct?3.The writer assumed that the woman accepted the last offer mainly because

19、woman （ ）.4.Why did the writer finally decide to buy three skirts?5.When the writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but didnot because（ ）.问题1选项A.refused to speak to her.B.was pleasant and attractive.C.was selling skirts and ribbons.D.recognized her immediately.问题2选项A.The writer was not used

20、 to bargaining.B.People in Asia always bargain when buying things.C.Bargaining in Laos was quiet and peaceful.D.The writer was ready to bargain with the woman.问题3选项A.thought that the last offer was reasonable.B.thought she could still make much money.C.was glad that the writer knew their way of barg

21、aining.D.was tired of bargaining with the writer any more.问题4选项A.The skirts were cheap and pretty.B.She liked the patterns on the skirts.C.She wanted to do something as compensation.D.She was fed up with further bargaining with the woman.问题5选项A.she had learned to stay cool and unfeeling.B.she was af

22、raid of crying in public.C.she had learned to face difficulties bravely.D.she had to show in public that she was strong.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。根据第二段作者的描写可知，她是令人愉快且吸引人的。所以选项B正确。2.细节事实题。根据第四段的最后三句话“.I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In L

23、aos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.”可知选项 B、C、D均正确。只有选项A错误。3.细节事实题。根据第五段“She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made.”售货员很到高兴是因为作者知道如何用他们国家的方式进行讨价还价, 所以选项C符合原文。4.细节事实题。根据第五段“The price was too low.pay her three times as

24、 much before.”可知，作者觉得价格太低，怕售货员挣不到钱，所以多买了几件作为一种补偿。选项C符合原文。5.细节事实题。根据倒数第三段“I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.”我学会了在困难面前保护自己；不知不觉中，我也学会了保护自己不被温柔以及容易的东西伤害。可知，作者没有哭是因为她已经学会控制自己的情绪不会轻易

25、受到影响，选项A符合题意。8.单选题Humor has been well defined as: “Thinking in fun while feeling in earnest”.问题1选项A.幽默被人很好地解释为：“带着认真的情绪滑稽地思考”。B.幽默被人很恰当地解释为：“认真地感觉,不认真地思考”。C.幽默被人很巧妙地诠释为：“一面认真地感觉一面滑稽地思考”。【答案】A【解析】本题的关键在于对引语的翻译，相比较之下，选项A翻译最为准确。9.单选题One never can see the thing in itself, because the mind does not （ ）ph

26、enomena.问题1选项A.transcendB.superiorC.passD.advantage【答案】A【解析】transcend胜过，超越；superior上级的，优 秀的；pass经过，传递；advantage有利于，使处于优势。句意：一个人永远无法看到事物本身，因为思想无法超越现象。选项A符合语境。10.单选题The （ ）of these many events led many people to believe that they were interrelated.问题1选项A.concurrenceB.agreementC.occurrenceD.circumstanc

27、e【答案】A【解析】concurrence同时发生， 赞同，合作；agreement 协议，同意，一致；occurrence 发生，出现；circumstance 环境，情况，境遇。句意：许多这些事件同时发生使很多人相信它们之间是相互关联的。选项A符合句意。11.单选题Why does a vegetarian restaurant make its dishes resemble meat in every way except （ ）?问题1选项A.ingredientsB.componentsC.elementsD.compounds【答案】A【解析】ingredient成分，配料，原料

28、；component组件，元件；element元素，要素；compound化合物；混合物。句意：为什么素食餐厅的菜除了配料外，其他各个方面都像肉？选项A符合语境。12.单选题The hotel was a four-storey building away from the university where most competitors were accommodated.问题1选项A.put upB.put downC.put inD.put over【答案】A【解析】accommodated在这里指容纳，安置。put up提供，建造，举起；put down 放下，镇压；put in 提

29、交，放入；put over 推迟，驶过。选项A放在句中最为恰当，符合语境。13.单选题By todays standards, early farmers were imprudent because they planted the crop repeatedly, exhausting the soil after a few harvests.问题1选项A.unwiseB.stubbornC.tiresomeD.unscientific【答案】A【解析】句意：按照今天的标准，早期的农民是轻率的，因为他们反复种植作物，几次收获后就把土壤耗尽了。imprudent意为“轻率的，鲁莽的”。un

30、wise不明智的，轻率的；stubborn顽固的；tiresome无聊的，令人讨厌的；unscientific不科学的。选项A与之意思相近。14.单选题Large areas of Alaskan land remain desolate due to harsh climate.问题1选项A.inaccessibleB.immatureC.parchedD.stark【答案】D【解析】句意：由于气候恶劣，阿拉斯加的大片土地仍然荒凉。desolate意为“荒凉的，无人烟的”。inaccessible难 达到的，难接近的；immature不成熟的； parched炎热的，干透的；stark荒凉的

31、，光秃秃的。选项D与之意思相近。15.单选题I think that I committed a （ ）in asking her because she seemed very upset by my question.问题1选项A.blunderB.revengeC.reproachD.scandal【答案】A【解析】blunder 大错，愚蠢的错误；revenge报复，复仇；reproach责备，耻辱；scandal丑闻，流言蜚语。句意：我认为我在问她的时候犯了一个大错，因为她似乎被我的问题弄得很心烦。选项A符合语境。16.单选题Well, youre a tall man and yo

32、u can carry a good deal of weight without looking awkward.问题1选项A.inconvenientB.funnyC.untidyD.clumsy【答案】D【解析】根据句意可知，awkward意为笨拙的。inconvenient 不便的；funny 有趣的；untidy凌乱的，懒散的；clumsy 笨拙的。选项D与之意思相近。17.单选题At first, the results of the experiment seemed （ ）,but finally a pattern emerged.问题1选项A.haphazardB.grav

33、eC.genuineD.gullible【答案】B【解析】haphazard 偶然的，随意的；grave 严肃的，暗淡的；genuine 真正的，诚恳的；gullible 易受骗的，轻信的。句意：起初，实验的结果似乎没有起色，但最终出现了一个模式。选项B更符合语境。18.单选题I must go now, and （ ）if you want that book Ill bring it next time.问题1选项A.SuccessivelyB.respectivelyC.incidentallyD.accidentally【答案】C【解析】successively 相继地，接连着地；re

34、spectively 分别地，各自地；incidentally 顺便，偶然地，附带地；accidentally 偶然地，意外地。句意：我现在必须得走了，顺便说一句，如果你想要那本书，我下次会带来。选项C符合句意。19.单选题The framework of the special theory of relativity can be constructed from the assumption of absolute invariability of the speed of light.问题1选项A.argumentationB.hypothesisC.convictionD.defin

35、ition【答案】B【解析】句意：狭义相对论的框架可以由光速的绝对不变性的假设来构建。assumption 假定，设想；argumentation争论，论证；hypothesis假设；conviction 定罪，确信；definition定义，解说。选项B与之意思相近。20.单选题The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of students, in my way to work these mornings. They have become a familiar part of the summer landscape. These kid

36、s are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once supervised by teachers and principals, they now appear to be in self care.Passing them is like passing through a time z

37、one. For much of our history, after all, Americans arranged the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families

38、follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus.T

39、he six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as something holy. But when parents work an eight-hour day and a 240-day year, something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer, they hang out.“We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar a

40、nd realities of family life.” says Dr. Ernest Boyer, head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is inevitable. “School, whether we like it or not, is educational. It always has been.”His is not p

41、opular idea. Schools are routinely burdened with the job of solving all our social problems. Can they be asked to meet the needs of our work and family lives?In may be easier to promote a longer school year on its educational merits and, indeed, the educational case is compelling. Despite the compla

42、ints and studies about our kids lack of learning, the United State still has a shorter school year than any industrial nation. In most of Europe, the school year is 220 days. In Japan, it is 240 days long. While classroom time alone doesnt produce a well-educated child, learning takes time and more

43、learning takes more time. The long summers of forgetting take a toll.The opposition to a longer school year comes from families that want to and can provide other experiences for their children. It comes from teachers. It comes from tradition. And surely from kids. But the most important part of the

44、 conflict has been over the money.1.Which of the following is an opinion of the authors?2.The current American school calendar was developed in the 19th century according to （ ）.3.The author thinks that the current school calendar（ ）.4.Why was Dr. Boyers idea unpopular?5.The main purpose of the pass

45、age is（ ）.问题1选项A.“The kids are hanging out.”B.“They are school children without school.”C.“These kids are not old enough for jobs.”D.“The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago.”问题2选项A.the growing season on nations farmB.the labor demands of the industrial ageC.teachers dema

46、nds for more vacation timeD.parents demands for other experiences for their kids问题3选项A.is still validB.is out of dateC.cannot be revisedD.cannot be defended问题4选项A.He argues for the role of school in solving social problemsB.He supports the current school calendarC.He thinks that school year and fami

47、ly life should be considered separatelyD.He strongly believes in the educational role of school问题5选项A.to describe how American children spend their summerB.to explain the needs of the modern working familiesC.to discuss the problems of the current school calendarD.to persuade parents to stay at home

48、 to look after their kids【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.观点态度题。根据第一段的描述可知，作者主要想表达的是孩子们上学的时间太短，很多时间都在外面闲逛。所以选项A是作者的观点，其他选项都是事实。2.细节事实题。根据第二段三四句“In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season.

49、”在19世纪的城市，学校每天开放7到8小时，一年11个月。在美国农村，一年是围绕着（农作物）生长季节来安排的。选项A符合原文。3.推理判断题。根据第二段“Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model,”现在，只有3%的家庭遵循农业模式。由此可知，作者认为现有的上学时间安排已经不适用于现在的情况，也就是已经过时了，所以选项 B正确。4.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的内容，他(Dr. Boyer)的想法不受欢迎。学校通常肩负着解决我们所有社会问题的重担。它们能满足我们工作和家庭生活的需要吗？由此可知，Dr. Boyer的想

50、法不受欢迎的原因是他坚信学校的教育作用，选项D符合原文。5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是当前上学时间安排存在的问题。选项C最能概括全文。21.单选题Nowadays very few people are willing to be nurses, so I think its extremely important for us to improve the （ ）of the nursing profession.问题1选项A.inquiryB.statusC.financeD.dilemma【答案】B【解析】inquiry探究，调查，质询; status地位，状态， 情形

51、，重要身份；finance 财政，金融；dilemma 困境，进退两难。句意：现在很少有人愿意做护士，所以我认为提高护理专业的身份地位对我们来说是非常重要的。选项B更符合语境。22.单选题One of the peculiarities of the bazaar is that people dealing in the same kind of goods collect in the same area.问题1选项A.advantagesB.shortcomingsC.disparitiesD.characteristics【答案】D【解析】peculiarities意为特征，特质。ad

52、vantages 优点，有利条件；shortcomings 缺点，短处；disparities不一致；characteristics 特性，特征。选项D与之意思相近。23.单选题He was meticulous in checking his accounts.问题1选项A.extremely slowB.incredibly quickC.excessively carefulD.unbelievably care【答案】C【解析】meticulous意为一丝不苟的，小心翼翼的。选项C与之意思相近。24.单选题She worked hard at her task before she f

53、elt sure that the results would （ ）her long effort.问题1选项A.justifyB.estifyC.rectifyD.verify【答案】A【解析】justify 证明是正当的/有理由的，替辩护；testify 作证，证明，证实；rectify 改正，精馏，整流；verify 核实，查证。句意：在确信结果会证明她的长期努力是值得的之前，她努力工作了。选项A 符合语境。25.单选题None of us knows the name of that （ ）insect.问题1选项A.funny little redB.red little funn

54、yC.little funny redD.red funny little【答案】A【解析】多个形容词修饰名词的顺序为：限定词（数量）；外观；形状（大小，高矮，肥瘦），年龄，颜色，国籍，材料，用途。所以只有选项A正确。26.单选题Johns evenings out are usually followed by a quick dash back to his own flat to finish his reading for the following days tutorial.问题1选项A.lectureB.reportC.quizD.discussion【答案】A【解析】根据句意可

55、知，tutorial指辅导课，辅导材料。lecture 演讲，讲稿，教训；report 报告，成绩单；quiz恶作剧，随堂测验；discussion 讨论。选项A最符合原文语境，所以正确。27.单选题Opportunities for rewarding work become fewer for both men and women as they grew older. After age 40, job hunting becomes even more difficult. Many workers stay at jobs they are too old for rather th

56、an face possible rejection. Our youth-oriented, threw-away culture sees little value in older people. In writer Lillian Hellmans words, they have the wisdom that comes with age that we cant make use of.”Unemployment and economic need for work is higher among older women, especially minorities, than

57、among younger white women. A national council reports these findings. Though unemployed longer when seeking work, older women job-hunt harder, hold a job longer with less absenteeism, perform as well or better, are more reliable, and are more willing go learn than men or younger women. Yet many olde

58、r women earn poor pay and face a future of poverty in their retirement years. When sexism meets ageism, poverty is no longer on the doorstep-it moves in, according to Tish Sommers, director of a special study on older women for the National Organization for Women. Yet a 1981 report on the White Hous

59、e Conference on Aging shows that as a group, older Americans are the wealthiest, best fed, best housed, healthiest, most self-reliant older population in our history. This statement is small comfort to those living below the poverty line, but it does explode some of the old traditional beliefs and f

60、ears.Opportunities for moving in and up in a large company may shrink but many older people begin successful small businesses, volunteer in satisfying activities, and stay active for many years. They have few role models because in previous generations the life span was much shorter and expectations