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1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题Parents often faced the( )between doing what they felt was good for the development, of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.问题1选项A.junctionB.paradoxC.premiseD.dilemma【
2、答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项junction“连接,接合,枢纽”;B选项paradox“自相矛盾的说法”;C选项premise“前提”;D选项dilemma“进退两难的局面”。句意:父母总是_的选择:到底是该做他们自己认为对孩子发展有益的事,还是该容忍孩子任性的吵闹和破坏。这里表达的意思是父母面临两难的抉择,因此D选项符合题意。2.单选题I will hold you personally( ) if anything goes wrong in this project.问题1选项A.responsibleB.diverseC.feasibleD.lucrative【答案】A【解析】
3、考查形容词辨析。A选项responsible“负责的,可靠的”;B选项diverse“不同的,相异的”;C选项feasible“可行的,可能的”;D选项lucrative“获利多的”。句意:如果这个项目出了什么差错,我将追究你的( )。本句表达的意思是“会追究你的责任”,因此A选项符合题意。3.翻译题努力工作和醉心于工作之间有很大的区别。努力工作是指工作有条有理、精力集中,完成许多工作,知道何时歇手,知道除了工作还有生活。而工作狂们常常是缺乏条理,总是寻找理由想做得更多些,没有工作可做时就感到不知所措,想通过工作来逃避问题。他们不知道怎样或何时放松一下,经常把办公室里的活儿带回家里去做,不善于
4、和同事及家人交流沟通。【答案】Theres a big distinction between working hard and being a workaholic. Working hard involves being organized, focused, getting a lot of work done, knowing when to stop, and having a life other than work. Workaholics, on the other hand, are often disorganized, always find reasons for wo
5、rking more, feel lost without work to do, hide from problems through work, dont know how or when to relax, bring work home from the office, cant communicate well with fellow workers and family members.4.单选题The survey found 80 percent of viewers were( )by the violent scenes in the film.问题1选项A.elimina
6、tedB.alertedC.offendedD.discouraged【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项eliminated“被淘汰,消除”;B选项alerted“使警觉,警告”;C选项offended“冒犯,生气”;D选项discouraged“使灰心”。句意:调查发现,80%的观众对影片中的暴力镜头感到( )。这里表达的含义是“对暴力镜头感到被冒犯(反感)”。因此C选项符合题意。5.翻译题American psychologists hold that there are several components to having high “emotional intelligence
7、.” First is self-awareness, because you can only be in control of your life and your relationships if you know yourself. Second is being able to properly manage your emotions, so you can control your feelings rather than letting them control you. Third is being self-motivated, and being able to get
8、through tough times and start over. The fourth is being receptive to other peoples emotions, which is crucial for effective communication and healthy relationships. The fifth is being able to manage you relationships, which includes leadership and professional management skills.【答案】美国心理学家认为,情商包括以下几个
9、方面的内容:一是认识自己的情绪,只有认识自己,才能成为自己生活的主宰。二是能妥善管理自己的情绪,即能调控自己。三是自我激励,它能够使人走出生命中的低潮,重新出发。四是认识他人的情绪,这是与他人正常交流顺利沟通的基础。五是人际关系的管理,即领导和管理能力。6.单选题The man had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he( )himself.问题1选项A.exposedB.revealedC.betrayedD.disclosed【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项exposed“暴露,揭露”;B选项revealed“透露,显示”;C选项b
10、etrayed“出卖,背叛”;D选项disclosed“公开”。这里考查了固定搭配betray oneself“原形毕露”,句意:这个人伪装得很好,但一说话就( )了自己。这里说的是“一说话就暴露了自己”,因此C选项符合题意。7.单选题Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea,(1)into a hobby and lately has(2)into a full-time passion. The two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang,
11、 PhD candidates(3)Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started their guide in April 1994 as a way to keep(4)of their personal interest on the Internet. Before long they(5)that their home brewed lists were becoming too long and(6). Gradually they began to spend more and more time on Yahoo.D
12、uring 1994, they(7)yahoo into a customized database designed to(8)the needs of the thousands of users(9)began to use the service through the closely(10)Internet community. They developed customized software to help them(11)locate identify and edit material(12)on the Internet. The name Yahoo is(13)to
13、 stand for “Yet another Hierarchical Officious Orale”, but Filo and Yang insist they selected the(14)because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo itself first(15)on Yangs workstation, “akebono”, while the search engine was(16)on Filos computer “Konishiki.”In early 1995 Marc Andersen, co-founder
14、of Netscape Communication in Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files(17)to larger computers(18)at Netscape. As a result Stanfords computer network returned to(19), and both parties benefited. Today, Yahoo (20)organized information on tens of thousands of computers linked
15、 to the web.问题1选项A.becameB.grewC.turnD.intend问题2选项A.madeB.sawC.lookedD.turned问题3选项A.inB.onC.aboutD.for问题4选项A.touchB.contactC.trackD.record问题5选项A.foundedB.foundC.arguedD.reported问题6选项A.unwieldyB.toughC.tamableD.invaluable问题7选项A.exchangedB.shankC.soldD.converted问题8选项A.explainB.serveC.discoverD.evaluat
16、e问题9选项A.whichB.thatC.actuallyD.eagerly问题10选项A.relativeB.interactiveC.boundD.contacted问题11选项A.fluentlyB.efficientlyC.exactlyD.actually问题12选项A.transmittedB.purchasedC.soldD.stored问题13选项A.aboutB.boundC.goingD.supposed问题14选项A.fableB.modeC.nameD.brand问题15选项A.supportedB.residedC.livedD.linked问题16选项A.conne
17、ctedB.lodgedC.introducedD.linked问题17选项A.overB.awayC.insideD.beneath问题18选项A.housedB.caughtC.hosedD.hidden问题19选项A.averageB.normalC.ordinaryD.equal问题20选项A.attainsB.detainsC.maintainsD.contains【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B第6题:A第7题:D第8题:B第9题:B第10题:C第11题:B第12题:D第13题:D第14题:C第15题:B第16题:B第17题:A第18题:A第19题:B第2
18、0题:A【解析】1.考查动词词组辨析。A选项“变成,成为”;B选项“发展为”;C选项“转变成”,D选项“想要,意指”,句意:就像计算机时代的许多其他方面一样,雅虎一开始只是一个想法,后来_了一种爱好。A选项是一个中性词,用于意义好、坏两方面的变化都可以;B选项更侧重强调结果;C选项时态不对;D选项词组含义不适合语境,因此B选项符合题意。2.考查动词词组辨析。A选项“把制成”;B选项“调查,观察的性质”;C选项“调查,观察”;D选项“变成,转变成”,句意:与计算机时代的许多其他方面一样,雅虎一开始只是一个想法,后来变成了一种爱好,最近又( )一种全职的热情。本句表示的是“变成了一种全职的热情”,
19、因此D选项符合题意。3.考查固定搭配。A选项“在内”;B选项“在之上”;C选项“关于”;D选项“为了”,句意:雅虎的两名开发人员大卫费罗和杨致远是( )斯坦福大学电子工程专业的博士生。而表示某个修某个具体专业的人,要用in Electrical Engineering表示,因此A选项符合题意。4.考查固定搭配。A选项“保持联系”;B选项“保持联系”;C选项“记录,与保持联系”;D选项“保持的记录”,句意:1994年4月开始他们的指南,作为一种在互联网上( )个人兴趣的方式。本句表示“记录个人的兴趣爱好”,因此C选项符合题意。5.考查动词辨析。A选项“建立”;B选项“发现”;C选项“争论,争辩”
20、,D选项“报道”,句意:不久之后,他们( )自己自制的清单变得太长,太不实用了。本句表示“发现自己的清单太长”,因此B选项符合题意。6.考查形容词辨析。A选项“笨拙的,笨重的”;B选项“艰难的,粗糙的”;C选项“可驯服的”;D选项“无价的,非常贵重的”,句意:不久之后,他们发现自己自制的清单变得太长,太( )了。本句想要表达的是“清单太长太笨重”,因此A选项符合题意。7.考查动词辨析。A选项“交换”;B选项“(花等)从病梗上枯萎脱落”;C选项“卖”;D选项“转变,改变”,句意:在1994年,他们把雅虎( )一个定制的数据库。本句表示“把雅虎变成一个”,因此D选项符合题意。8.考查动词辨析。A选
21、项“解释”;B选项“为服务,招待”;C选项“发现,发觉”;D选项“评价,估价”,句意:在1994年,他们把yahoo转换成一个定制的数据库,以( )成千上万用户的需求。而serve the need是固定搭配,表示“满足某人的需求”,因此B选项符合题意。9.考查定语从句。A选项“哪个是(引导非限制性定语从句)”;B选项“那个”;C选项“实际上”;D选项“热情地”,句意为:用户( )开始通过紧密联系的互联网社区使用这项服务。这里考查的是定语从句,A选项不能用于主语为人的定语从句,排除;C和D不是定语从句的关联词,排除;当先行词为人时,可以用that作关系代词,因此B选项符合题意。10.考查名词辨
22、析。A选项“亲戚,相关物”;B选项“交互,交互式的”;C选项“跳跃,限制”;D选项“交往,接触”,句意:通过紧密( )的互联网社区开始使用这项服务的用户。closely bound意为“紧密相连”,因此C选项符合题意。11.考查副词辨析。A选项“流利地”;B选项“有效地,效率高地”;C选项“恰好地,正好”;D选项“实际上,事实上”,句意:他们开发了定制软件,帮助他们( )定位、识别和编辑存储在互联网上的材料。本句想表达的含义应该是“高效的定位”,因此B选项符合题意。12.考查动词辨析。A选项“传输,传送”;B选项“购买”;C选项“卖”;D选项“储存,储藏”,句意:他们开发了定制软件,帮助他们有
23、效地定位、识别和编辑( )在互联网上的材料。根据句意应该是“储存在互联网上的资料”,因此D选项符合题意。13.考查固定搭配。A选项“关于”;B选项“界限,边界”;C选项“离开,离去”;D选项“认定,据说”,句意:Yahoo这个名字( )来代表“又一个层级官话”。be supposed to“应该”,根据句意可知,要表达的含义是“这个名字应该是代表”,因此D选项符合题意。14.考查名词辨析。A选项“寓言,无稽之谈”;B选项“模式,方式”;C选项“名字,姓名”;D选项“品牌”,句意:但是Filo和Yang坚持说他们挑选了这个( )因为他们认为自己就是Yahoo。根据上文可知Yahoo是他们网站的名
24、字,因此C选项符合题意。15.考查动词辨析。A选项“支持”;B选项“居住,存在”;C选项“活着,居住”;D选项“相关联”,句意:雅虎首先( )的是杨的工作站。reside on“驻留于”,是原文要表达的含义,因此B选项符合题意。16.考查动词辨析。A选项“链接”;B选项“存放,保管”;C选项“介绍”;D选项“相关联”,句意:而搜索引擎( )在Filo的电脑里。这里是用了拟人的手法,表示搜索引擎暂时是在Filo的电脑里借住(运行),因此B选项符合题意。17.考查动词词组辨析。A选项“搬到”,此处over表示经过一段距离”;B选项“搬离”;C选项“搬进”,后面不用再加介词to;D选项“搬到下面”,
25、句意:邀请Filo和Yang讲他们的文件( )更大的空间去。这里的“搬”是有距离的,并且是搬到某个地方,因此A选项符合题意。18.考查动词辨析。A选项“给房子住”;B选项“抓”;C选项“用水管淋浇”;D选项“藏”,句意:邀请Filo和Yang将他们的文件转移( )到网景公司更大的电脑上。这里也是用了拟人的手法,给这些文件住的地方(储存它们),因此A选项符合题意。19.考查形容词辨析。A选项“平均的”;B选项“正常的,正规的”;C选项“普通的”;D选项“平等的”,句意:之后,斯坦福的电脑( )。return to normal“恢复正常”,因此B选项符合题意。20.考查动词辨析。A选项“获得”;
26、B选项“留住,扣押”;C选项“留住,阻止”;D选项“包含”,句意:Yahoo从互联网上的上万台计算机中( )信息。根据原文的信息,我们知道Yahoo是获取信息,而不是储存或是留住,因此A选项符合题意。8.单选题One can understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and( ) to expressed thoughts.问题1选项A.dilemmasB.countenancesC.concessionsD.junctions【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨
27、析。A选项“进退两难的局面,困难的选择”;B选项“面容,脸色”,如:a sad countenance(愁容);C选项“让步”;D选项“连接处,汇合处”,句意:通过观察别人眼睛的即时和短暂的反应和( )来表达思想,我们可以更好地理解他们。题干想表达的含义是“短暂的反应和脸色来表达思想”,因此B选项符合题意。9.单选题There is supposed to be a safety( )which makes it impossible for trains to collide.问题1选项A.applianceB.accessoryC.machineD.mechanism【答案】D【解析】考查
28、名词辨析。A选项appliance“器具,器械”;B选项accessory“配件,附件”;C选项machine“机器”;D选项mechanism“机制,原理,途径”。句意:应该有一种安全_使火车不可能相撞。这里考查固定搭配safety mechanism“安全机制”,因此D选项符合题意。10.单选题My eyes had become( )to the now semi-darkness, so I could pick out shapes about seventy-five yards away.问题1选项A.inclinedB.accustomedC.vulnerableD.sensi
29、tive【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项inclined“有倾向”;B选项accustomed“习惯的,通常的”;C选项vulnerable“脆弱的,易碎的”;D选项sensitive“敏感的”。句意:我的眼睛已经_现在的半明半暗,所以我能辨认出75码外的形状。考查固定搭配be accustomed to“习惯于”,这里表示的是习惯于这种半明半暗的状况,因此B选项符合题意。11.单选题As he walked out of the court, he was( )with frustration and rage.问题1选项A.applaudingB.quiveringC.paraly
30、zingD.limping【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项applauding“赞同,称赞”;B选项quivering“颤抖”;C选项paralyzing“瘫痪,麻痹”;D选项limping“跛行”。句意:当他走出法庭时,他因沮丧和愤怒而( )。这里表达的意思是“因沮丧和愤怒而颤抖。”因此B选项符合题意。12.单选题When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his( )can be distributed.问题1选项A.paradoxesB.legaciesC.platitudesD.analogies【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨
31、析。A选项“似是而非的论点,自相矛盾的话”;B选项“遗产”;C选项“陈词滥调”;D选项“类似,类推”,句意:当一个人死后,他的债务必须在( )分配之前弄清。这句要表示的是“要把遗产分配清楚”,因此B选项符合题意。13.单选题Their refusal to compromise is a major( ) that stands in the way of further pace.问题1选项A.complicationB.dangerC.obstacleD.hazard【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项complication“ 并发症,复杂”;B选项danger“危险”;C选项obst
32、acle“障碍”;D选项hazard“危险,风险”。句意:他们拒绝妥协是阻碍进一步发展的主要( )。这里原句表达的意思是“阻碍进一步发展的障碍”,因此C选项符合题意。14.写作题Directions: In this part, you are expected to write a composition entitled Studying Abroad or Home in no less than 200 words. Your composition should be based on the following outlines:1. 现在有越来越多的人想出国留学;2. 出国留学与
33、在国内学习的对比;3. 你的观点。【答案】略15.单选题In todays working world the roles of men and women are becoming( ).问题1选项A.dwarfedB.incorporatedC.correlatedD.blurred【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项dwarfed“矮小的”;B选项incorporated“合并的”;C选项correlated“有互相关系的”;D选项blurred“模糊的,记不清的”。句意:在当今的工作世界中,男性和女性的角色正变得越来越( )。按照选项和题干的意思,可以判断出此处想要表达的意思是“男
34、性角色和女性角色的(边界)变得越来越模糊。”因此D选项符合题意。16.单选题He told a story about his sister who was in a sad( ) when she was ill and had no money.问题1选项A.plightB.polarizationC.plagueD.pigment【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项plight“困境,境况”;B选项polarization“极化,偏振”;C选项plague“瘟疫,鼠疫”;D选项pigment“色素,颜料”。句意:他讲了一个关于他妹妹的故事,她生病了,没有钱,( )非常悲惨。本句意为“妹
35、妹的处境非常悲惨”,因此A选项符合题意。17.单选题By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period slave society was( )disintegration.问题1选项A.on the ground ofB.on the top ofC.in the light ofD.on the verge of【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项on the ground of“以为理由,因为”;B选项on the top of“在的顶部,在之上”;C选项in the light of“根据,按照”;D选项on the verge of“濒临于,接近于
36、”。句意:到春秋末年,奴隶社会处于解体的_。这里表示的是奴隶社会濒临解体的边缘,因此D选项符合题意。18.单选题Build the Birds Nest calls for giant curving beams which crisscross in an( )pattern of woven steel.问题1选项A.intuitiveB.intensiveC.intrinsicD.intricate【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项intuitive“直觉的,凭直觉获知的”;B选项intensive“加强的,集中的”;C选项intrinsic“本质的,固有的”;D选项intrica
37、te“复杂的,错综的”。句意:建造鸟巢需要巨大的弯曲梁,它们交错成_的编织钢结构。这里表达的意思是“交错成复杂的编织钢结构”,因此D选项符合题意。19.单选题The countrys deficit that year( )to a record 169.8 billion dollars.问题1选项A.soaredB.souredC.soredD.sourced【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项soared“飙升,骤然上升”;B选项soured“发酵,厌烦”;C选项sored“弄伤”;D选项sourced“发动,寻找来源”。句意:该国当年的赤字_创纪录的1698亿美元。这里表达的是“当年
38、的赤字飙升至”,因此A选项符合题意。20.单选题The meeting was( ) over by the mayor of the city.问题1选项A.presumedB.proposedC.presentedD.presided【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项presumed“假定,推测”;B选项proposed“建议,打算”;C选项presented“提出,呈递”;D选项presided“主持,担任会议主席”。句意:会议由该市市长( )。本句表示“会议由市长主持”,因此D选项符合题意。21.单选题People innately( )for superiority over t
39、heir peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.问题1选项A.striveB.ascertainC.justifyD.adhere【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语。A选项“为奋斗,争取”;B选项“确定,探知”;C选项“证明是正当的”;D选项“坚持”,句意为:人们天生( )比同龄人优越,尽管有时表现为夸张的权力欲。本句表示“人们天生就想争取比同龄人优越”,因此A选项符合题意。22.单选题The old couple decided to( )a boy and a girl thoug
40、h they had three children of their own.问题1选项A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adapt“使适应;改编”,B选项bring“带来;拿来”,C选项receive“接受”,D选项adopt“采取;接受;收养”;题干为:这对年迈的父母决定去( )一个男孩和一个女孩,即使他们已经有了三个自己的孩子。因此根据逻辑我们知道他们是“领养”孩子,因此D选项符合题意。23.单选题People from different cultures have different( )of the world.问题1
41、选项A.impressionsB.complicationsC.foundationsD.conceptions【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项impressions“印象,观感”;B选项complications“并发症”;C选项foundations“基础,房建”;D选项conceptions“怀孕,概念,设想”。句意:来自不同文化的人对世界有不同的( )。这句话表达的意思是“不同的人对世界有不同的看法”,因此A选项符合题意。24.单选题Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally chal
42、lenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as
43、 dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is somewhere valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and
44、 gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.Coaches and pare
45、nts should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In todays youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win inst
46、ead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect
47、 on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.1.An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is( ).2.According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that( ).3.Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticiz
48、ing young athletes( ).4.According to the passage parents and coaches should( ).5.The authors purpose in writing the passage is( ).问题1选项A.to reduce their mental stressB.to increase their sense of successC.to make sports less competitiveD.to make sports more challenging问题2选项A.it can help them learn mo
49、re about societyB.it enables them to find flaws in themselvesC.it can provide them with valuable experiencesD.it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves问题3选项A.believing that criticism is beneficial for their early developmentB.without realizing criticism may destroy their self confide
50、nceC.so as to make them remember lifes lessonsD.so as to put more pressure on them问题4选项A.pay more attention to letting children enjoy sportsB.help children to win every gameC.train children to cope with stressD.enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports问题5选项A.to teach young athletes
51、 how to avoid burnoutB.to persuade young children not to worry about criticismC.to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to childrenD.to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干信息定位到第一段的第三句话Stress can be physical, emotional, o
52、r psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.(压力可以是身体上的、情感上的,也可以是心理上的。研究表明,压力会导致倦怠。)可以看出stress导致burnout,那么防止burnout的有效方法应该是减少stress,因此A选项“减轻他们的精神压力”正确。sports本身具有竞争性、挑战性,不在于多或少,问题是怎样看胜负,所以C选项“降低体育运动的竞争性”和D选项“使运动更具挑战性”两项应排除。B项“提高他们获得成功的意识”正是作者不赞成的。2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段第二句话Th
53、e sport setting is somewhere valuable experiences can take place(体育活动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生都有用的人生经历。)因此C选项“它可以为他们提供宝贵的经历”正确。A选项“它可以帮助他们更多地了解社会”定位到第二段and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives(并获得将终生使用的其他社交技能),可以看出文章只说了可以学到社交技能,而不是更多的了解社会;B选项“它能让他们发现自己的缺点”定位到第二段Youngsters may take
54、 their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.(年轻人可能会把父母和教练的批评放在心上,发现自己的缺点。)但是这个并不是题干所问的“运动的积极影响”;D选项“它教会他们如何为自己设定现实的目标”,这是文章中没有提及的。3.事实细节题。根据题干信息定位到第二段Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their childre
55、n. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.(教练和父母应该时刻意识到,他们对青少年的反馈会极大地影响他们的孩子。年轻人可能会把父母和教练的批评放在心上,发现自己的缺点。)因此换句话说就是B选项“没有意识到批评可能会摧毁他们的自信”正确。A选项“相信批评对他们的早期发展是有益的”;C选项“让他们记住生活的教训”;D选项“为了给他们更多的压力”这三个都不是作者认为教练和家长平常所认为的。4.推理判断题。根据题干信息定位到第三段开头Coaches
56、 and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children.(教练和家长也应该小心,不要让青少年参与体育运动成为孩子们的工作。)意思是体育运动不是孩子的工作或任务,重在参与,比赛结果并不重要,更重要的是通过参与增加人生阅历。因此A选项“更加注重让孩子们享受运动”正确。B选项“帮助孩子赢得每一场比赛”;C选项“训练孩子学会处理压力”以及D选项“使孩子们了解运动的积极方面”这都是文章中没有提及的。5.主旨大意题。通过第一段Stress can be phy
57、sical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.(压力可以是身体上的、情感上的,也可以是心理上的。研究表明,压力会导致倦怠。)第二段的Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches
58、criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.(教练和父母应该时刻意识到,他们对青少年的反馈会极大地影响他们的孩子。年轻人可能会把父母和教练的批评放在心上,发现自己的缺点。)以及第三段的Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to b
59、urnout.(研究表明,积极的强化比批评更能激励学习,对学习有更大的影响。再次强调,批评会造成高度的压力,从而导致倦怠。)可以看出来,作者写该文目的是告诉人们批评会给孩子造成各方面负担和压力,积极鼓励才会对孩子的成长有益,因此C选项“强调积极鼓励对孩子成长的重要性”正确。A选项“教导年轻运动员如何避免精疲力竭”不是文章重点;B选项“说服孩子不要担心批评”不符合作者的想法;以及D选项“讨论批评与鼓励相结合的技巧”这也不是作者所倡导的。25.单选题In the summer of 1978 an English farmer named Ian Stevens was driving his t
60、ractor through a field of wheat when he discovered something strange. Some of his wheat was lying flat on the ground. The flattened wheat formed a circle about six meters across. Around this circle were four smaller circles of flattened wheat. In the following years more and more similar circles wer
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