2022届高考(统考版)英语人教版一轮复习教学案板块5 第2讲 定语从句

1、题型语法填空短文改错第 讲定语从句 沿最新动态高考典题试做1(2020 全国卷 the moons direct with a probe, China first to put in orbit above the in a spot it could signals the spacecraft and to Earth.22020 全国卷 China lived an artist whose were 32020 新高考全国卷 objects by Sir Hans Sloane, example, formed core collection the British which/th

2、at opened in 175942019 全国卷) They well their who had great experience with caring for 1(2020 全国卷 you for your what happy. which2 全国卷 her good intentions, I all the what is by Mom with whatthat32019 全国卷) One afternoon I in primary school, I walking by the playground.where42018 全国卷 also had small pond

3、they fish.which 或 which 前加 in命题角度解读1查定语从句 的关系代词； 2考查定从句 中的关系副词。1系代词的缺 失；2关系副的错 用；3关系代与关 系副词的错用； 4关系代前介 词的缺失。考点一关系代词引导的定语从句组试做.句语法填空12020 哈尔滨调研)Badaling is the most of five sections Beijing and be accessed 22020 四平模拟)The students benefitting most from are those who/that 参与)in life.32020 北戴河联考) travel

4、ling, we will enjoy ourselves learn something from the ，which attracts me very 42020 石家庄模拟) the in firms will big barriers.52020 太原三模)Anyone is caught providing for San pigeons face a fine.62020 济宁联考)Mr.Liu is the person whom talked with the 72020 秦皇岛模拟 who not active whose diet in foot will gain we

5、ight .句改错82020 南充市统考)The I sang was is a very of American which92020 衡水中学联考) story, head that giving his me all the who10(2020 郸市模拟)My showed me around the where of which点解读1关系词的基本用法关系代词whowhomwhichthatwhoseas先行词人人物人或物人或物人或物在从句中的作用主语、宾语宾语主语、宾语主语、宾语、表语、状语定语主语、宾语、表语 no girl ( ) she was 她已不再是 10 前的她了。I

6、 the way ) she always criticizes me.我讨厌她一贯批评我的方式。 is a doctoras was wife before 他是医生，他妻子生儿育女之前也是。2that 用法区别先行词是 ， ，nothing 等不定代词时只用 that 情况只用 which的情况先行词被 the only，the very， the same，all 等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级 或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 先行词既有人又有物时引导非限制性定语从句时(逗号隔开时) 关系代词指物，且前有介词时 Today worldwide readership ， that m

7、ore all over want to China.今日中国有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。 3 的区别as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as 常译为“正aswhich如，正像”。从句的谓语动词多 knowexpect，say ， which 引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时能置于主句后， 常译为“这一点，这件事”等， 引导的从句与主句之间常含有 并列或因果关系“You a book by its old goes. 正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相错提醒as 用在限制性定语从句中先行词必须有 或 the same等修饰，且 从句中作宾语时不能省略。

8、考点二关系副词引导的定语从句组试做.句语法填空12020 吉林省吉大附中模拟)Some pictures of the brought the back to old they swam in it.22020 曲阜师大附中模拟) went a communications were very difficult the rural areas.32020 威海模拟)Is the school some friends went last week? .句改错42020 锦州八县市一中联考) where I the time tospend a with when52020 黄岛区联考) So

9、ng of has up some people their whichwhere62020 大同模拟)Cheer up! have in their lives tough. 点解读关系副词的基本用法 关系副词先行词时间名词thatwhen在从句中的作用 时间状语wherewhy地点名词或抽象名词(， )the reason地点状语原因状语We will off picnic park week ，when may better.我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。 should in community activities they gain experience gro

10、wth.学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。 Do know reason why didnt the meeting 你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？考点三“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句组试做.句语法填空12020 枣庄模拟)Michel with help Daisy passed was of A students the school.22020 淄博张店联考) house, of which destroyed in the terrible fire, has repaired.3 三亚月考)Li Lei, for once can speak Englis

11、h fluently he a native speaker.句改错42020 保定模拟The girl is a book there are many 或 前 in点解读1“介词关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用 、whom， 且不能省略。Some experts reading fundamental upon which school education 一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。 is the day by which must your bill.9 30 之前你必须缴付账单。2“名词/不定代词/数词形容词比较级或最高级of引导的 定语从句，表示部分与整体

12、的关系。Scientists have advanced many why beings cry ， of been proved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到 证实。Many most were ， for remote regions to chase dreams.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教 育。3非制性定语从句中 修饰物时可以换名词of which”修饰人时，可以换为“the名词of whom”。The newly built walls of ( walls) painted green， a peacef

13、ul place for us，especially after 这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地 方，特别是在辛苦工作后。【技法点拨】在语法填空中：1首先找先行词有的定语从句并不紧跟在先行词后面，见考点二题组试 做)1、4、6 题，分析句子结构，根据从句所缺的成分确定关系词的使用。(1)如果缺少主、宾、表作定语，需用关系代词；如果缺少状语，则用关系副 词。(2)确定所缺成分之后，再看先行词是人还是物，是表示时间的名词还是表示 地点的名词，是 还是 way ，从而最后确定答案。2若先行指人介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中关系代词用 whom， 若指物，则用 wh

14、ich。牢记 与 which, as 与 which 的区别。在短文改错中：1首先识该句是否为定语从句，然后根据先行词的性质，判断关系词的使 用是否正确或缺失，并予以改正或添加。2据关系词在定语从句中所作的成分来判断关系词的使用是否正确主、 宾、表语 which/that/who/whom/as作定语 whose；作状语 when/where/why； 作介词宾语用 。3判断定从句是非限制性定语从句还是限制性定语从句，从而判断句中关 系词的使用是否正确。.句语法填空1 our are ，000 workers, thirds of _ are women. whom two thirds th

15、irds of the 000 。关系词在从句中作介词 of 的宾语，此用宾格 。2A football is a person strong interest in football.意：足球迷是对足球有强烈兴趣的人。分析句子成分可知 此处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词指人可用 3 anyone your family is in country?whose 处引导定语从句先行词为 whose 导定语从句在从句 中作主语 family 的定语。 4I shall _ I lived on farm the farmers.意：我永远也不会忘记和农民们一起住在农场的那些年。 yea

16、rs 是表示时间的名词 且从句中不缺少主语和宾 ，用 引导定语从句 ，when 在从句中作时间状语。5 all know that is the second book written.意：我们都知道这是他写过的第二本书。当先行词前有序数词修饰时，要用 引导定语从句。6 the in India, firms will big barriers.As 处为 引导的非限制性定语从句as 从句中作主语代逗号后面 整个主句的内容。7It is such a good book I want to buy immediately.as据句子结构可知 ，句含有一个限制性定语从句。先行词为 goodboo

17、k并且从句中缺少宾语又由于先行词被 饰，关系代词只能用 8 life the stage _ we should decide what to do and how to it 意生已经走到了应该独立决定该做什么和如何去做的阶段了。分析句子结构可知，本句中含有一个定语从句。先行词 作为抽象 地点，并且从句中缺少地点状语，因此应用关系副词 .句改错1 still remember the on we in the _删除 系代词 which 在从句中作 spent 宾语，因此删除介词 。2Nancy much week， she her friends when_行词 last week 表示时

18、间的名词 ，定语从句中缺少时间状语，因此用关系副词 引导定语从句。 3 whose the work is successful has been made worker._删除 定语从句中名词 work 前缺少定语 引导该定语从句。 whose 不能同时使用 ，删除 。4 for an hour of them _个句子之间没有连词连应该把代词 them 改为具有连接作用的关系代词。介词 of 指物的关系代词应用 。5That what I am around _ which句中含有一个非限制性定语从句 ，系词在从句中作宾语且先行词是 ，此用关系代词 。 能引导定语从句。.法填空2020 河

19、南省八市重点中学联考)The tomato is a nutrient-dense that offers benefits to range of bodily nutritional content 1 weight loss 2 a generally like a major of 3_can reduce risk of disease cancer.They are source of vitamin C, potassium, foliate, and vitamin Usually when in a _(various) of yellow, green, speaking,

20、 cooked are 5 nutrient than raw it not appropriate _(heat) tomatoes at high for a long time.Tomatoes can prepared in different ways.In cuisine, tomatoes used a garish 饰物), a flavor dishes.One of the most traditional of scrambled eggs 炒 蛋) with 10 much enjoy this juicy, savory fruit.【语篇解读】中国的食用方法。本文是

21、一篇说明文。向我们介绍了西红柿的营养价值以及在123饰名词 应用形容词。故填 healthy处是动名词作介词 despite 的宾语。 导非限制性定语从，在从句中作主语，指物。故填 which。4variety 查固定搭配，a variety “各种各样的 ”5more 查比较级 ， 固定用法。故填 more6 句为 it 作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填 to heat 7 副词修饰动词 used8 add.to“加入到”，为固定短语。9 of 后跟复数名词，表示其中之一10reflects one of.主语三人称语动词用第三人称单数形式 .文改错2020 德兴市模拟考试Nowadays in China, the nor after people, especial elderly gather in