2005基础英语与英汉互译

1、武汉大2005 年硕士研究生入学考试试考试科目：基武汉大2005 年硕士研究生入学考试试考试科目：基础英语与英汉互科目代码注意：本试卷为“基础英语”试题，满分值 150 分，考试时间为 3 小时，所有报考“英语语I.Cloze:Fill in each numbered blank with ONE word given below on your answer-sheet, paying attention to the following:15 wordsare given,butonly 10 (nomore, no less)should be used and each can be

2、 used once Formsshouldbe1.6.11.2.7. 12.3. 8. 13. 4. 9.14.5. 10. 15. The idea of “happiness,” to be sure, will not sit still for easy definition: the best one can do is totrytosetsomeextremestotheideaandthenwork intowardthe 1 .Tothinkofhappiness as acquisitive and competitive will do to set the 2 ext

3、reme. To think of it as the idea one Senses in, say, a holy man of India Will do to set the 3 extreme. That holy mans idea of happiness is in needing nothing from outside himself. In wanting 4 , he lacks nothing. He sets immobile, rapt in contemplation, free even of his own body. Or nearly free of i

4、t. If devout admirers bring him food he eats it; if not, he starves 5 . Why be concerned? What is physical is an illusion to him. Contemplation is his joy and he achieves it through a fantastically demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which is itself a joy within him.But,perhapsbecauseIamWest

5、ern,Idoubtsuchcatatonic（紧张症的）happiness,asIdoubt the dreams of the happiness-market. What is certain is that his way of happiness would be torture to almost any Western man. Yet these extremes will still 6 to frame the area within which all of us must find some sort of balance. Thoreau-a creature of

6、both Eastern and Western thought had his own firm sense of that balance. His aim was to 7 on the low levels in order to spend on the high.Happiness is never more than partial. There are no pure states of mankind. Whatever else happiness may be, it is neither in having nor in being, but in 8 . What t

7、he Founding Fathers declared for us as an inherent right, we should do well to remember, was not happiness but the pursuit of happiness. What they might have underlined, could they have foreseen the happiness-market, is the cardinal fact that happiness is in the 9 itself, in the meaningful pursuit o

8、f what is life-engaging and life-revealing, which is to say, in the idea of becoming. A nation is not 10 by what it possesses or wants to possess, but by what it wants to become.II.ExplaintheFollowingIdioms:toface thetowashoneshandsanIndian apiece ofonceinablue inthewaketo make ago to make ago tohav

9、e anear neitherherenorlastbutnotIII.ParaphrasetheFollowingSentencesorShortPassages:Gray peace pervaded the wilderness-ringed Argentia Bay in Newfoundland, where the Americanships anchored to awaitthe arrivalof WinstonChurchill.Hazeand mistblended allinto gray: gray sky, gray air, gray hills with a t

10、int of green. (Herman Wouk: The Winds of War) (8%)Itis atruth universally acknowledged thata single man in possession of agood fortune must be in want of a wife. (JaneAustin: Pride and Prejudice) (4%)With a wild rattle and clatter, and an inhuman abandonment of consideration not easily understood in

11、 these days, the carriage dashed through streets and swept round corners, with womenscreamingbeforeit,andmenclutchingeachotherandclutchingchildrenoutofitsway.At last, swooping at a street comer by a fountain, one of its wheels came to a sickening little jolt, and there was a loud cry from a number o

12、f voices, and the horses reared and plunged. (Charles Dickens: A Tale of Two Cities) (12%)This man was called “Beauty” by the other men of the fort. No one knew his first name, and in general he was known in the country as Beauty Smith. But he was anything save a beauty. To antithesis was due his na

13、ming. He was pre-eminently unbeautiful. (Jack London: White Fang) Craftymencontemnstudies;simplemen admirethem;andwisemenusethem.(FrancisOfStudies)IV.ReadingComprehensionandWriting:(60Read the following TWO passages, and then answer the corresponding questions on your PassageFor a change from prevai

14、ling pessimism, I should like to recall some of the positive and even admirable capacities of the human race. We hear very little of them lately. Ours is not a time of self-esteem or self-confidence-as was, for instance, the nineteenth century, when self-esteem maybeseenoozingfromitsportraits. Victo

15、rians,especiallythemen,picturedthemselvesaserect, nobleand splendidlyhandsome.Ourself-imagelooksmorelikeWoodyAllen oracharacterfrom Samuel Beckett. Amid a mass of worldwide troubles and a poor record for the twentieth century, we see our species-with cause-as functioning very badly, as blunders when

16、 not knaves, as violent, ignoble, corrupt, inept, incapable of mastering the forces that threaten us, weakly subject to our worst instincts; in short, decadent.AnswerthefollowingThe writer says, “Victorians. especially the men, pictured themselves as erect, noble and splendidly handsome.” Could you

17、use some examples to elaborate the point? (10 %)Why do you think the writer compares our “self-image” to Woody Allen or a character from Samuel Beckett? Who are WoodyAllen and Samuel Beckett anyway? (5 %)In general, the writer does not sound very positive about the twentieth century. Write an essay

18、of about 150 words to refute（反驳）his statement.(15%)PassageFar away from the operating room, the surgeon is taught that some deaths are thatthisdoesnotthatthisdoesnotdenytheirmeaning.Toperceivetragedyistowringfromitbeautyandtruth.Itis a thing beyond mere competence and technique, or the handsomeness

19、to precisely cut and stitch. Further, he learns that love can bloom in the stoniest desert, an intensive care unit, perhaps.IdonotknowwhenitwasthatIunderstoodthatitispreciselythishellinwhichwewageour lives that offers us the energy, the possibility to care for each other. Asurgeon does not slip from

20、 his mothers womb with compassion smeared upon him like the drippings of his birth, it is much later that it comes. No easy shaft of grace this is, but the cumulative murmuring of the numberless wounds he has dressed, the incisions he has made, all the sores and ulcers and cavities he has touched in

21、 order to heal. In the beginning it is barely audible, a whisper, as from many mouths. Slowly it gathers, rises from the streaming flesh unit, at last, it is a pure calling-an exclusive sound, like the cry of certain solitary birds-telling that out of the resonance between the sick man and the one w

22、ho tends him there may spring that profound courtesy that the religious call love.AnswerthefollowingPlease cite at least THREE figures of speech used in the passage. Be sure to identify the figures of speech you might have cited and then explain briefly how each of them is used in its own particular

23、 context. (10 %)Write an essay of 150 words as a response to the following, in relation to the context where it comes. (20 %)“To perceive tragedy is to wring from it beauty and truth. It is a thing beyond mere competence and technique, or the handsomeness to precisely cut and stitch. Further, he lea

24、rns lovecanbloominthestoniestdesert,an intensivecareunit,1 1 middle 2 materialistic 3spiritual 4 nothing 5 indifferently 6 serve 7 save 8 demanding pursuit102explain thefacethemusic:acceptthecriticisms,unpleasantconsequences,etcthatfollowadecisionor action of ones own.washoneshandsof:refusetoberespo

25、nsibleforsomebodyorsomethinganyan Indian summer: (a) period of calm dry sunny weather in late autumn. (b) period of late success or improvementapieceofcake:thing thatisveryoncein a blue moon:veryrarely or inthewakeof:comingafterorfollowingtomakeagoof:make asuccessoftohaveanearfor:haveabilitytodiscri

26、minatesounds,especiallyinmusicandneitherherenorthere: notimportant; lastbutnotleast:lastbutnolessimportantthanthe3paraphrasethe1 American navy prepared for Churchills arrival in Argentia Bay in Newfoundland. whole place looked gray and very quiet. The smell of war can be scent everywhere andwhole pl

27、ace looked gray and very quiet. The smell of war can be scent everywhere and the atmosphere was thick and heavy.2peopleallheldtheideathateverysinglerichmandefinitelyneedsa3 the carriage dashed madly around in the street and all pedestrians hurried to avoid it. At a street corner, the carriage seemed

28、 bumped into something as the wheel jolted and several people gave out frightened cry, then it stopped.4 The man was given a nickname of “beauty” by other people of the fort. No one knew his exact name.Actually the man was not beautiful at all. He was very ugly.5 artisan looks down upon studies; sim

29、ple-minded men regard them with wonder; and menmakeuseof4Readingandwriting Passage one1 In Victorian age, Britain was extremely powerful accompanied with unprecedented confidence. As a result, its people was infected by this spirit of confidence and this in turn was reflected in the genre of portrai

30、t within which people posed with an air of nobility and handsome.2 The writer thought we lack spirit of confidence compared with our forefathers. While the characterWoodyAllenplayedorthatfromBeckettlacktheabilitytomasterthethreateningforces, which is exactly how we modern people are. So the writer c

31、ompares our “self-image” to them.WoodyAllenisafamousAmericanblackcomedian,andBeckettisa3 In the passage, the author depicted the 20th century as full of worldwide troubles. And he depicted people of the century as incapable of doing anything right. Personally speaking, in 20th century many things di

32、d happen and people didnt handle them so properly. But this doesnt mean the 20th century is worthless and the people good for nothing. As we know, the progress of the whole human civilization is winding and is full of setbacks here and there. And most of the time people remained helpless in front of

33、 misfortunes. However, they finally made it and put the civilization forward. We all know that the 18th century is trouble times. French Revolution broke out and thousands of people were executed out of no reason. The whole continent was covered under bloody scent. But later a great emperor came ont

34、o the stage and greatly changed the world and influenced the future generation. From this aspect, we should be impartial to the 20th century. All itstroubles andpoor recordisapartof historyandpeoplefrom them couldlearna lot and make a betterworld forPassage1 metaphor: love can bloom in the stoniest

35、desert, an intensive care unit. Here author metaphorized love and care unit respectively into flower and care unit.Simile: a surgeon doesnt slip from his mothers womb with compassion smeared upon him like the drippings of his birth. Here a surgeons compassion is compared with drippings of his birth. And the indicator “like” tells us its a similePersonification:slowlyitg