钻井安全操作规程手册-中英对照

1、钻井平安操作规程手册 Drilling operation procedure 11. Reeving on drilling line 1.1 Operational requirementsA. Toolbox Talk must be held before the reeving operations commence.B. Direct communication among all personnel is essential during this operation.C. The drawworks anchor clamp assembly on the fast line

2、end must be changed out, as a whole, each time a new cable is installed.D. Traveling block hanging strops and shackle, snake and safety harness must be inspected before this operation commences.E. All crew members working in derrick must wear safety harness.F. A visual inspection of the drilling lin

3、e is to be done before the procedure commences.G. Check and ensure the proper size and specifications of the replacement drilling line.H. Avoid scrubbing the new drilling line against the derrick and the substructure.I. The new drilling line must be reeved onto the drawworks drum under tension.J. Th

4、e new drilling line should never be allowed to touch the ground where dirt or sand could be picked up.K. Inspect crown sheaves for wear prior to installation of drilling line.Special care should be taken to ensure the drilling line is not kinked.1.2 Reeving on drilling line from new spool to replace

5、 existing drilling line A. Hang off the drill string in slips and install the Kelly cock (in the open position), on the drill pipe.B. Disengage the crown-o-matic.C. Hang off and secure the traveling block with the dedicated hang-off line.D. Cut off the excess drilling line from the old storage spool

6、 using the hydraulic line cutter, leave a sufficient length to attach a snake to the old drilling line.E. Remove the remaining drilling line from the old storage spool.21. 穿大绳1.1操作要求A. 在穿大绳作业开始之前，必须先召开工前协作会。B. 进行该项作业时，所有人员之间的直接联系是很重要的。C. 装在绞车辊筒上的活绳头卡套，必须每次更换一个新的。D. 在作业开始之前，必须检查吊游车的绳套、快速卡子、蛇皮接绳器和平安带。

7、E. 在井架上工作的所有人员，必须身穿平安带。F. 在作业开始之前，必须直观检查钻井大绳。G. 要检查确认，新大绳的尺寸和技术标准是否正确。H. 要防止新大绳与井架或底座摩擦刮碰。I. 新大绳必须在拉伸状态下缠到绞车辊筒上。J. 绝不能让新大绳落地，以防沾上砂子或脏物。K. 在穿大绳之前，要检查天车滑轮是否有磨损。要特别注意，不能让大绳结纽。1.2用新大绳换旧大绳A. 把钻具坐在卡瓦上，接上处于翻开状态的方钻杆下旋塞。B. 摘掉防碰天车。C. 用游车悬吊绳，把游车挂住，绑好。D. 留出够穿蛇皮接绳器的长度之后，用液压切绳器，把旧储藏筒上多余的大绳切掉。E. 把多余的大绳从旧储藏筒上弄下来。 3

8、F. Dismantle the chain drive from the old storage drum.G. Remove the old storage spool from the skid and install the new one.H. Thoroughly clean the sections of both the new and old drilling lines to be spliced with the snake, and remove any grease or oil (the snake line depends on friction to funct

9、ion).I. Connect the old and the new drilling lines with the snake. Ensure that the snake is correctly in place over its full length.J. For added holding and pulling strength, drive four nails through the snake at both ends of drilling line, and wrap the snake with soft wire and tape the entire lengt

10、h.K. Release the clamp from the dead line anchor and remove the old drilling line.L. Install the proper size snatch block with strops at or near the dead line anchor.M. Insert the drilling line that was removed from the dead line anchor into the snatch block.N. The derrickman, positioned at the crow

11、n block, is to advise the driller when the snake is coming through the crown sheaves.O. The driller and the derrick man must remain in constant radio contact.P. Two floor men, located at the new drilling line spool, are to reeve off the drilling line without delay.Q. One floorman should stand close

12、to the spool to inform the driller with a two-way radio when there is no loose drilling line coming off the spool.R. The driller is to proceed cautiously and not pull excessive tension that could separate the snake.S. When all personnel are ready, the driller engages the drawworks in forward drive a

13、nd starts reeving in the new drilling line.T. The driller spools slowly.Note: do not over-tension the snake until at least 9 wraps of new drilling line are on the drawworks drum.U. On the drillers instruction, the floor men secure the new drilling line to the side of the drawworks.V. Wrap the new dr

14、illing line on the dead line anchor (2-3/4 warps). Install the clamp on the dead line anchor 4F. 卸掉旧大绳储藏筒上的驱动链。G. 把旧大绳储藏筒从底座上卸下来，装上新储藏筒。H. 彻底清洗穿蛇皮接绳器的新旧两个大绳头，除掉任何油脂。蛇皮接绳器靠的是摩擦锁紧I. 用蛇皮接绳器把新旧两个绳头接起来。要保证把足够长的绳头穿入接绳器内。J. 为了增加抗拉强度，在新旧绳头上各钉四个钉子。然后再用铁丝和胶带把整个蛇皮接绳器包起来。K. 卸掉死绳固定器上的卡子，取出旧大绳。L. 在死绳固定器上，或在旁边装一个适

15、当尺寸的开口滑轮。M. 把从死绳固定器内取出的旧大绳装到开口滑轮内。N. 井架工守住天车。当蛇皮接绳器通过天车轮时，他要通知司钻。O. 司钻和井架工必须一直保持联系。P. 两个钻工看守在新大绳储藏筒旁边，及时放出大绳。Q. 应当让一个钻工站在大绳储藏筒的旁边，当大绳被拉紧时，他用对讲机通知司钻。R. 司钻要小心地操作，不能把大绳拉得太紧，否那么会拉断蛇皮接绳器。S. 当所有的人都就位后，司钻启动绞车正转，开始缠新大绳。T. 司钻缓慢地缠大绳。注意：不把蛇皮接绳器拉得太紧，直到在辊筒上缠满九圈新大绳为止。U. 根据司钻示意，钻工们把新大绳绑到绞车辊筒的一边。V. 把新大绳盘到死绳固定器上，缠2-

16、3/4 圈。装上死绳卡子，上紧。5and torque until securely tight.W. Ensure there is no kink in the drilling line between the dead line anchor and the drilling line reel. Should this occur, raise the reel and turn it to undo the kink.X. The floor men remove the front guard of the drawworks drum.Y. The driller engage

17、s the drawworks in reverse drive.Z. The driller reeves off the new drilling line from the drum until the snake is reeved off.Aa. The floormen then remove the snake from the drilling lines.Bb. The driller reeves off the old drilling line from the drawworks to the rig floor or down the v-door.Cc. When

18、 the old drilling line is reeved off, remove the drawworks anchor clamp.Dd. A floor man cleans the end of the drilling line using a wire brush and detergent fluid.Ee. The driller checks the end of the new drilling line for damage, and any defective section is cut off, using a hydraulic line cutter.F

19、f. Feed the new drilling line (fast line) through the side of the drawworks drum.Gg. Install a new drawworks anchor clamp (bulldog clamp). Orient the clamp and ensure that it will fit through the slot on the side of the drawworks drum.Note: Some drawworks are equipped with a fixed clamp on the side

20、of the drum.Hh. Set the anchor clamp into the drum by manually pulling the new drilling line back through the drum, while a floor man is guiding it into the drum.Ii. Release the new drilling line from the side of the drawworks. Warning: ensure that no personnel are inside the loop of the drilling li

21、ne during the next step.Jj. The driller engages the drawworks in forward drive and reeves the new drilling line back onto the drawworks drum, minimum of 9 wraps with the elevators on the rotary table. Note: The driller must ensure that the drilling line is reeved in under tension and that the drilli

22、ng line is properly seated in the drum grooves. There is no tolerance for any slack in the drilling line reeved on 6W. 确认在死绳固定器和新储藏筒之间，大绳没有结纽。如果结了纽，就上提、转动储藏筒，把纽解开。X. 钻工们卸掉绞车滚筒前边的护罩。Y. 司钻启动绞车倒转。Z. 司钻把新大绳从绞车辊筒上退下来，一直退到蛇皮接绳器下来为止。Aa. 钻工们把蛇皮接绳器从大绳上卸下来。Bb. 司钻把旧大绳从绞车辊筒上退出来，放到钻台上或大门下边。Cc. 旧大绳退到头儿，卸掉活绳头儿卡子。D

23、d. 让一个钻工用洗涤剂和钢丝刷子清洗活绳头儿。Ee. 司钻检查新大绳的活绳头儿是否有损伤，用液压切绳器把任何有缺陷的部位都切掉。Ff. 把新大绳快绳穿到绞车辊筒的一边。Gg. 安装一个新的活绳头卡子，把卡子摆正，保证该卡子坐在绞车辊筒边上的槽内。注意：在有些绞车辊筒的一边，配备了固定的活绳头卡子。Hh. 由一个钻工扶着，从辊筒上往回拉新大绳，使活绳头卡子在辊筒上就位。Ii. 从绞车辊筒的一头把新大绳放下。注意：在进行下一步作业时，人不能站在大绳盘的环内。Jj. 司钻启动绞车正转，把新大绳排到绞车辊筒上。当吊卡处在转盘面时，辊筒上至少缠九圈。注意：司钻必须在大绳处于拉伸状态下缠绳，使大绳与辊筒

24、排绳槽吻合。缠到辊筒上的大绳不能有任何间隙和松动。7the drum.Kk. If the new drilling line was not reeved on the drawworks drum tight, then tighten the drilling line as follows.a. Release the traveling block from the dedicated hang off line.b. Lower the traveling block until minimum of 3 wraps remain on the drum.c. If the tra

25、veling block is not at the rotary table with 3 wraps remaining on the drum, then slip the drilling line until the traveling block is at the rotary table.d. Raise the traveling block to where at least 9 wraps are on the drum and confirm that the elevators are at the rotary table.Ll. The driller picks

26、 up the weight of the traveling block to verify that the drilling line is tight on the drawworks drum.Mm. Install the covers on the drawworks.Nn. Engage the crown-o-matic and test.Oo. Remove the Kelly cock from the drill string.Pp. Resume operations as per the Drilling Program.1.3 Reeving on new dri

27、lling line on empty sheaves with a standing derrickA. Disengage the crown-o-matic and, place the traveling block on the rotary table and remove the sheaves guard.B. Anchor the proper size snatch block at or near the dead line anchor and secure.C. Insert the drilling line from the spool through the s

28、natch block up to the rig floor and secure.D. Thoroughly clean the section of the new drilling line to be spliced with the snake, and remove any grease or oil (the snake line depends on friction to function).E. Attach a 1-1/2 inch snake to the drilling line. Ensure that the snake is correctly in pla

29、ce over its full length.F. For added holding and pulling strength, drive four nails through the snake and the drilling line, and wrap the snake with soft wire and tape the entire length.G. Raise one end of 600 meter 1 inch manila rope to 8Kk. 如果新大绳在绞车辊筒上没缠紧，就要按照以下方法把大绳缠紧：a. 从专用的悬吊绳上把游车放下来。b. 下放游车，直到

30、辊筒上剩三圈大绳为止。c. 如果辊筒上剩三圈大绳时，游车不能到达转盘面，那就滑大绳，直到游车到达转盘面为止。d. 把游车上提到辊筒上至少缠了九圈大绳的位置，确认吊卡是否处在转盘面上。Ll. 司钻利用上提游车的重量，把辊筒上的大绳缠紧。Mm. 把绞车护罩装上。Nn. 把防碰天车装上，并做试验。Oo. 从井内的钻柱上把方钻杆下旋塞卸掉。Pp. 遵照钻井设计，恢复钻进。1.3 塔式井架穿大绳A. 卸掉防碰天车，把游车放到转盘上，再卸掉滑轮护罩。B. 在死绳固定器上，或旁边装一个开口滑轮，绑好。C. 把大绳从储藏筒上拉出来，穿过开口滑轮，引上钻台，绑住。D. 彻底清洗新大绳穿入蛇皮接绳器的部位，把油污

31、都弄掉。蛇皮接绳器主要靠摩擦锁紧E. 把大绳穿到一寸半的蛇皮接绳器内，保证适当就位，长度足够。F. 为了增加抗拉强度，在穿接绳器的部位，再钉四个钉子，然后用铁丝和胶带包起来。G. 用气动绞车，把一盘一寸的，长六百米的棕绳的 9the crown block with air tugger.H. Reeve the 1 inch manila rope through the first crown sheave.I. Lower the 1 inch manila rope to the rig floor and reeve into the first sheave of the trav

32、eling block.J. Remove steps G through I until all the sheaves are reeved in. K. Remove the front guard cover of the drawworks.L. Lower the 1 inch manila rope down from the fast line sheave and wind on the drawworks drum.M. Manually reeve 6 wraps of the 1 inch manila rope on to the drawworks drum.N.

33、Attach the other end of the 1 inch manila rope to the snake on the drilling line.O. The derrick man, positioned at the crown block, is to advise the driller when the snake is coming through the crown sheave. The driller and the derrick man must remain in constant radio contact.P. Two floormen, locat

34、ed at the new drilling line spool, are to reeve off the drilling line without delay.Q. One floor man should stand close to the spool to inform the driller with a two-way radio when there is no loose drilling line coming off the spool.R. The driller is to proceed cautiously and not pull excessive ten

35、sion that could separate the snake.S. When all personnel are ready, the driller engages the drawworks in forward drive and starts reeving in the new drilling line. At the same time, two floor men guide the 1 inch manila rope off the drawworks drum and onto the rig floor and down the v-door.T. The dr

36、iller should spool slowly.Note:do not over-tension the snake until the new drilling line is on the drawworks drum.U. When the drilling line reaches the drawworks drum pull through 9 wraps of the drilling line to enable the drilling line to be threaded onto the drawworks drum.V. The driller must ensu

37、re the fast line is securely tied off so that it can not unreeve by itself. W. With the fast line tied off, remove the snake from the drilling line, and remove the 1 inch manila rope from the drawworks drum.X. Install a new drawworks anchor clamp (bulldog clamp). Orient the clamp and ensure that it

38、will fit 10一头弄到天车上去。H. 把棕绳穿过天车上的第一个滑轮。I. 把棕绳下放到钻台上，再穿过游车的第一个滑轮。J. 重复从G到I的步骤，把所有的滑轮都穿完。K. 卸掉绞车前边的护罩。L. 从快绳轮上把棕绳放下来，再缠到绞车辊筒上。M. 把棕绳在绞车辊筒上缠六圈。N. 把棕绳的另一头穿到蛇皮接绳器上，和大绳接到一起。O. 井架工看守在天车上，当蛇皮接绳器到达天车时，通知司钻。司钻和井架工必须用对讲机一直保持联系。P. 两个钻工看守在新大绳储藏筒旁边，及时地放出大绳。Q. 让一个钻工站在大绳储藏筒旁边，用对讲机把大绳的松紧情况通知司钻。R. 司钻小心缓慢地操作，以防把蛇皮接绳器拉断

39、。S. 人员都就位后，司钻启动绞车正转，开始缠新大绳。同时，让两个钻工把从辊筒上退下来的棕绳盘到钻台上，或盘到大门下边去。T. 司钻特别小心地往辊筒上缠绳。注意：拉力不要超过接绳器的强度，直到把新大绳都缠在辊筒上。U. 当大绳到达绞车辊筒时，拉出能够在绞车辊筒上缠九圈的大绳。V. 司钻一定要把快绳绑好，以防快绳自己退下来。W. 把快绳绑好之后，从大绳和棕绳之间把蛇皮接绳器卸下来。把棕绳从绞车辊筒上退下来。X. 装一个新的活绳头卡子。把卡子摆正。保证该卡子坐在绞车辊筒边上的槽内。11through the slot on the side of the drawworks drum.Note:

40、some drawworks are equipped with a fixed clamp on the side of the drum.Y. Set the anchor clamp onto the drum by manually pulling the new drilling line back through the drum, with a floor man guiding it into the drum.Warning: ensure that no person is inside the loop of the drilling line during the ne

41、xt step.Z. The driller engages the drawworks in forward drive and reeves the new drilling line back onto the drawworks drum minimum of 9 wraps with the elevators on the rotary table.Aa. The driller must ensure that the drilling line is reeved in under tension and that the drilling line is properly s

42、eated in the drum grooves. There is no tolerance for any slack in the drilling reeved on the drum.Bb. Secure the drilling line to the dead line anchor (2-3/4) wraps, and torque.Cc. With the new drilling line properly reeved on to the drawworks drum, pick up the weight of the traveling block, test th

43、e drawworks brake, and verify that the drilling line is tight on the drum.Dd. Install the covers on the drawworks .Ee. Ensure the crown-o-matic and test.1.4 Reeving in the drilling line to raise the mastA. Secure the traveling block to the catwalk, with the sheaves aligned with the crown and the hoo

44、k pointed upward, with the raising line attached.B. Attach a proper size snatch block at or near the dead line anchor and secure.C. Feed the drilling line through the snatch block near the dead line anchor.D. Thoroughly clean the section of the drilling line to be covered with the snake and remove a

45、ny grease or oil (the snake line depends on friction to function).E. Attach the 1-1/2 inch snake to the drilling line. Ensure that the snake is correctly in place over its full length.F. For added holding and pulling strength, drive four nails through the snake and the drilling line, wrap the 12注意：在

46、有些绞车辊筒的一边配了固定的活绳头卡子。Y. 由一个钻工扶着，从辊筒上往回拉新大绳，使活绳头卡子在辊筒上就位。注意：在进行下一步作业时，人不能站在大绳盘的环内。Z. 司钻启动绞车正转，把新大绳排到辊筒上。当吊卡处在转盘面时，辊筒上至少缠九圈。Aa. 司钻必须在大绳处于拉伸状态下缠绳，使大绳与排绳槽吻合。缠到辊筒上的大绳不能有任何间隙和松动。Bb. 把大绳在死绳固定器上缠2-3/4圈，排紧。Cc.当新大绳在绞车辊筒上都排好之后，上提游车，试绞车的刹车，检查辊筒上的大绳是否排紧。Dd.装上绞车护罩。Ee. 装上防碰天车，并做试验。1.4 A型井架穿大绳A. 把游车滑轮对准天车，把大钩挂到起井架大绳

47、上，把游车绑在锚道上。B. 把一个开口滑轮绑在死绳固定器上或旁边。C. 把大绳穿过死绳固定器旁边的开口滑轮。D. 彻底清洗大绳头，把蛇皮接绳器覆盖部位的油污都清理掉蛇皮接绳器靠的是摩擦锁紧。E. 把大绳穿到一寸半的蛇皮接绳器内，保证把足够长的大绳穿入适当的部位。F. 为了增加抗拉强度，在穿蛇皮接绳器的部位再钉四个钉子，然后用铁丝和胶带包起来。13snake with soft wire and tape the entire length.G. Remove the sheave guards on the traveling block.H. Pull the 1 inch manila r

48、ope inside the derrick and feed and reeve through the first crown sheave.I. From the crown sheave, manually pull and reeve the 1 inch manila rope through the first sheave of the traveling block.J. Repeat steps H and I until the sheaves are reeved in. K. Next, reeve the 1 inch manila rope through the

49、 fast line sheave and pull back to the drawworks drum.L. Remove the front cover of the drawworks.M. Manually reeve 6 wraps of the 1 inch manila rope onto the drawworks drum.N. Attach the other end of the 1 inch manila rope to the snake on the drilling line.O. The crew members are positioned as follo

50、ws:a. The derrick man is at the crown block.b. Two floor men are at the drilling line spool.c. Two floor men are at the drawworks drum.d. Direct two-way radio communication is essential from each other.P. The driller engages the drawworks in forward drive and pulls the 1 inch manila rope onto the dr

51、awworks drum.Q. At the same time, two floor men at the drawworks guide the 1 inch manila rope coming from the drawworks back onto the rig floor or down the v-door.R. The driller continues pulling in the drilling line until the crown and traveling blocks have been completely reeved, plus 9 wraps of e

52、xcess drilling line to be wrapped onto the drawworks.S. The driller must ensure the fast line is securely tied off so that it can not unreeve by itself.T. With the fast line tied off, remove the snake from the drilling line, and remove the 1 inch rope from the drawworks drum.U. A floor man cleans th

53、e end of the fast line using a wire brush and detergent fluid.V. The driller checks the end of the new drilling line for damage, and any defective section is cut off, using a hydraulic line cutter.14G. 卸掉游车轮上的护罩。H. 把一寸的棕绳穿过天车上的第一个滑轮，在井架内拉该棕绳。I. 用人力把棕绳从天车轮上拉过来，再穿过第一个游车轮。J. 重复从H到I的步骤，把滑轮都穿完。K. 下一步，把棕绳

54、穿过天车上的快绳轮，再拉回到绞车辊筒。L. 卸掉绞车前边的护罩。M. 把一寸的棕绳在绞车辊筒上缠六圈。N. 把棕绳的另一头，穿入蛇皮接绳器与大绳接起来。O. 井队人员分工如下：a. 井架工看守天车；b. 两个钻工看守大绳储藏筒；c. 两个钻工看守绞车辊筒；d. 相互间用对讲机联系是很必要的。P. 司钻启动绞车正转，用绞车辊筒拉棕绳。Q. 同时，让两个钻工把从绞车辊筒上退下来的棕绳盘到钻台上或盘到大门下边。R. 司钻继续拉大绳，直到把天车和游车上的滑轮都穿完，再加上能在绞车辊筒上缠九圈的余量。S. 司钻必须把快绳绑好，以防大绳自己倒退。T. 把快绳绑好之后，从大绳上把蛇皮接绳器上卸下来。再把棕绳

55、从绞车辊筒上弄下来。U. 让一个钻工用钢丝刷子和洗涤剂清洗快绳头。V. 司钻检查新大绳的快绳头，如有任何损伤或缺陷，就用液压切绳器把他切掉。15W. Feed the new drilling line (fast line) through the side of the drawworks drum.X. Install a new drawworks anchor clamp (bulldog clamp). Orient the clamp and ensure that it will fit through the slot on the side of the drawworks

56、 drum.Note: Some drawworks are equipped with a fixed clamp on the side of the drum.Y. Set the anchor clamp onto the drum by manually pulling the new drilling line back through the drum, with a floor man guiding it into the drum.Z. Release the new drilling line from the side of the drawworks. Warning

57、: ensure that no person is inside the loop of the drilling line during the next step.Aa. The driller engages the drawworks in forward drive and reeves the new drilling line back onto the drawworks drum, minimum of 9 wraps with the elevators on the rotary table.Bb. The driller must ensure that the dr

58、illing line is reeved in under tension and that the drilling line is properly seated in the drum grooves. There is no tolerance for any slack in the drilling line reeved on the drum.Cc. Secure the drilling line to the dead line anchor (2-3/4 wraps) and torque.Dd. Install the traveling block sheave g

59、uards.Ee. Install the front drawworks guard cover after the mast is raised.2. Operations of Rig Floor Facilities2.1 Safety operations and inspections of the masts or derricks A. Prior to raising or lowering the mast, inspect drill line, raising line, sockets, pins, safety keepers, and hold-down bolt

60、s in mast shoes for damage. If damage is found, do not raise or lower the mast until corrective action is taken.B. Each tour inspect substructure, mast or derrick and replace missing pins, bolts and safety keepers. Record inspection on the Schedule for Rig Maintenance.C. Inspections of the masts or