中考专题复习冠词导学案

1、中考专题复习冠词导教学设计冠词定义：冠词是一种虚词，在句子中不重读，自己不能够独立使用，只能与名词放在一起，帮助说明名词所指的人和事物。二、冠词分类：冠词分类1.不定冠词2.定冠词a,anthe3.零冠词考点一：不定冠词用于第一次提到的某人，某物Thisisabook.序数词前，表“又一，再一”Ihavereadthebooktwice,butIwanttoreadathirdtime.这本书我已经读了两次了，但我还想读第三次。表示“一”相当于oneTakethemedicinethreetimesaday.这个药一天服三次。用于固定搭配havealook看一看makeaspeech做演讲ma

2、kealiving生活makeamistake犯错makeawish许愿haveatry试一试haveacold感冒havearest休息givesbahand帮助某人afew/little一些alotof好多anumberof好多halfanhour半个小时注：中考常有以元音音素开头的单词有：Aaanapple/artist/aunt/Asiancountry/AmericangirlEeanegg/eight-year-oldboyIianidea/interesting./important.Ooanorange/oldman/outgoing.Uuauseful./university

3、/UFO/usual.anumbrella/uncle/unusual/unhappy.不规则anhour/anhonestman考点二：定冠词the的基本用法说话互相心知肚明的人或事Pleaselookatthescreen.上文已提到的人或事Ihaveadog.Thedogisverycute.世上独一无二的事物Theearthmovesaroundthesun.序数词，形容词最高等前。副词最高等前能够省。Thesecondgirlistheshortestbutruns(the)fastestofall.形容词前加the表一类人theyoung/old/rich/poor/disable

4、d/deaf/blind/dark用于姓氏复数前TheWhitesaregoingtoclimbthemountainstomorrow.怀特一家打算明天去爬山。用于乐器前Playtheguitar/piano/violin/drums用于专出名词前TheGreatWall注：定冠词的常有搭配allthetime总是alltheyearround一年到头inthedark在黑私下bytheway顺便说一下atthesametime与此同时attheendof在最后atthebeginningof在.的开始考点三：零冠词的用法1.名词前已有物主代词my,his等，指示代词this,that,th

5、ose,these，不定代词some,any等或名词所有格修饰时，不用冠词。Thisismynewfriend.这是我的新朋友。ThatisMarysbook.那是玛丽的书。2.在与by连用的交通工具前不用冠词bybus/train/bike/air乘公交车/乘火车/骑自行车/乘飞机3.球类运动、语言、棋类游戏和学科名称前不用冠词playbadminton/basketball/volleyball/football/baseball/soccer/tennis4.节日若是用“Festival则要”加定冠词，若是用“Day”则不用theSpringFestival春节NationalDay国庆

6、节5.有些短语中，有冠词和无冠词的差异：gotoschool上学(是学生）gototheschool到学校去(不用然是生)inhospital(因病)住院inthehospital在医院里(不用然是病人)atschool在上学(是学生attheschoolinfrontofinthefrontof在学校里(不用然是学生在(外面的)前面在(内部的)前面nextyearthenextyear明年第二年牢固：一、1.Thereis_bookinmybackpack._bookisveryheavy.A.a;TheB.a;AC.the;AD.the;The2.Whats_matterwithyou?I

7、have_fever.A.an;theB.the;/C.the;a3.Weplayedfor_hourinthepark.Itwas_greatfun!A.a;aB.an;/C.a;/D./;a4.Manypeoplegaveawaymuchmoneyto_pooraftertheearthquakeinNepal.A.theB.aC.an5.Ihaveseen_filmMr.Sixanditsquite_educationalone.A./;anB.an;aC.the;aD.the;an二、加在空白填入/、a、an或the。_milkisfood._milkinthiscuphasgoneb

8、ad.-Doyoulikeplaying_football?-Yes.ButIhaveonly_basketball.Doyouknow_girlon_anothersideof_lake?Theres_uand_sin_workuse.Shesays_animalscantslivewithout_air,either.Hisfather,whois_honestman,isteachingin_university.Whichisheavier,_elephantor_horse?_coldwindwasblowingfromthenorth.Heisalwaysreadytohelp_o

9、ldand_young.10._Greensaretravelingin_SouthChinA.Although_mostofusliketodrinkbeer,thosewhodrink_mostare_leasthealthy.12.Xiaomeisaw_interestingfilmlastnight._filmwasabout_kinddoctor.Youcanhave_secondtryifyoufail_firsttime.Tomwentto_schoolasusual,buthedidntknowhisfatherwentto_schoolforaparentmeeting.15

10、._knowledgebeginswith_practice.16.-Mum,whatshallwehavefor_dinner?-Dumplings.-Oh,what_wonderfuldinner!Ienjoyitverymuch.17._PLAwasfoundedon_August1st,192718._Kingscametousat_noon.19.Thescientistsfrom_UnitedStateslivein_NinthStreet.20.Thedoctorsaidtohim,Take_medicinetwice_day.Stayin_bedandyoullbebetter

11、soon.一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1阅读理解NewYorkis3hoursaheadofCalifornia,butitdoesnotmakeCaliforniaslow,orthatNewYorkisfast.Bothareworkingbasedontheirown“Time（时Zone区）.Someone”graduatedattheageof22,yetwaited5yearsbeforefindingagoodjob!Andthereisanotherwhograduatedat27andgothiredimmediately!SomeonebecameaCEOat25,andd

12、iedat50.WhileanotherbecameaCEOat50,andlivedto90years.Someoneisstillsingle,whilesomeoneelsegotmarriedandwaited10yearshavingachild.Thereisanotherwhohadababywithinayearofmarriage.Obamaretires(退休)at55,butTrumpstartsat70.AbsolutelyeveryoneinthisworldworksbasedontheirTimeZone.Peoplecanhavethingsworkedouto

13、nlyaccordingtotheirpace.(步伐)Peoplearoundyoumightseemtogoaheadofyou;somemightseemtobebehindyou.Buteveryoneisrunningtheirownrace,intheirowntime.Dontenvythemorlaughatthem.TheyareintheirTIMEZONE,andyouareinyours!Lifeisaboutwaitingfortherightmomenttoact.Holdon,bestrong,andstaytruetoyourself.Fightinyourti

14、mezone.So,RELAX.YourenotLATE.YourenotEARLY.YouareverymuchONTIME,andinyourtimezonedestinysetupforyou.1）Whenits8:00inNewYork,whattimeisitinCalifornia?A.11:30B.5:00C.12:30D.11:002）Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Weshouldgetmarriedearlier.B.Ifyoufallbehind,youneednttotryhard.C.Obamastartshisjobofpres

15、identatayoungeragethanTrump.D.LifeisaboutwaitingfortherightTIMEZONE（3）Whatsthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“envy”?B嘲.笑C羡.慕D跟.随A.观摩4）Accordingtothepassage,ifyoudontdowellinyourstudynow,youshould_.A.havearestandwaitB.stayinyourownTIMEZONEC.stoptohavearelax.D.workhardandwaitfortherightmoment.5）Whichdoyout

16、hinkisthebesttitle?A.TimeZoneB.WaitfortheRightMomentC.FightinYourTimeZoneD.YouAreonTime【答案】（1）B2）C3）C4）D5）C【解析】【解析】文章马虎：比加州早3个小，但它不会加州慢，也不会跑得快。他都是在属于自己的“区”工作。有人在25成CEO，50去世，而有人在50成CEO，活到90。在个世界上，每一个人都是依照自己的区工作的，人只能依照自己的步来做事。因此不要敬羡你周的人，也不要讽刺他，他在自己的区，而你在你的区。生活就是等待合适的机去行，持、，忠于自己，在你自己的区里斗。（1）推理算。依照NewYo

17、rkis3hoursaheadofCalifornia,比加州早3个小，可知当是8点加州是83=5，因此加州是5点，故答案B。（2）推理判断。A依照Someoneisstillsingle,whilesomeoneelsegotmarriedandwaited10yearshavingachild.Thereisanotherwhohadababywithinayearofmarriage.可知文中了有些人身有些人婚，有些人等10年才有孩子，而有些人婚一年就有了孩子，但并没有提到我早点婚，故A。B依照Lifeisaboutwaitingfortherightmomenttoact.Holdon

18、,bestrong,andstaytruetoyourself.Fightinyourtimezone.可知，生活就是等待合适的机去行，持、，忠于自己，在你自己的区里斗，因此其实不是你落后了，就不用努力了，故B。C依照Obamaretires(退休)at55,butTrumpstartsat70.可知，奥巴在55退休，但特朗普在70才开始，因此奥巴比特朗普年就开始了他的位是正确的，故B正确。D依照Lifeisaboutwaitingfortherightmomenttoact.Holdon,可知，生活就是等待合适的机去行，而不是等待正确的区，故D。本哪一个是正确的，故答案C。3）猜。依照上文P

19、eoplearoundyoumightseemtogoaheadofyou;somemightseemtobebehindyou.你周的人可能会走在你前面，有些人可能会落在你的后边，以及Dontenvythemorlaughatthem.不要他也许讽刺他，可知此是与上文的，于落后你的人不要讽刺他，那么于走在你前面的人也是不要“敬羡、忌妒”他，故答案C。4）理解。依照Lifeisaboutwaitingfortherightmomenttoact.Holdon,bestrong,andstaytruetoyourself.Fightinyourtimezone.生活就是等待合适的机去行，持、，忠

20、于自己，在你自己的区里斗，可知，若是你在学不好，你努力工作，等待合适的机，故答案D。5）。通整篇文章的理解可知，每一个人都是依照自己的区工作的，人只能依照自己的步来做事。因此不要敬羡你周的人，也不要讽刺他，他在自己的区，而你在你的区。所以生活就是等待合适的机去行，持、，忠于自己，在你自己的区里斗。故答案C。【点】考中理解和猜属于客；主旨马虎和推理判断属于主。不同型的目，要有不相同的解决策略。于客，关注文章的，如，地点或一些详尽数字，在答案，必从原文中找到确实的依照。于主，不要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜藏的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的表示作合理的猜想和推论。

21、2阅读理解AgirlcomplainedtoherfatheraboutherhardlifeShedidntknowwhatshehadtodoandwantedtogiveupShefelttiredoffightingandfightingOneproblemhadbeenfinishedbutanothercameoverHerfather，acook，tookherintothekitchenHepouredwaterintothreepansandboiled(煮沸)themAfterboiling，inthefirstpanwasputsomecarrots，thesecondw

22、asputsomeeggsandthelastwasputwithcoffeeThegirlwaitedimpatiently(不耐烦的)，confusedbywhatherfatherdidAbout20minuteslater，herfathertookoutthecarrotsandputtheminabowlHetooktheeggsandputtheminabowlAfterthatthecoffeewaspouredintoacup“Mysweetheart，whatdoyousee？”heasked“Carrots，eggsandcoffee，”sherepliedHerfath

23、ertoldhertoclosehereyesandaskedhertotouchthecarrotsShedidsoandfeltthatthecarrotsweresoftAfterthatheaskedhertotaketheeggsandbreakthemAfterpeeling(剥开)them，shegottheeggs，cookedandhardThelast，thefatherlethersmellthecoffeeSheasked，“Whatdidyoudothisfor，Father？”Heexplainedthateachhadthesameunluckyexperienc

24、etheboilingwater，buteachhadadifferentresultThestrongandhardcarrotshadbecomesoftandweakThefragileeggsbecamehardafterbeingcookedThecoffeewasveryspecial，theycouldchangewater“Whoareyou？”askedherfather“Whenbadluckknocksatyourdoor，whatisyourdecision?Areyoucarrots，eggsorcoffee？”（1）Thegirlcomplainedabouther

25、hardlifebecauseshedidnt_A.wanttogiveupB.finishoneproblemC.knowwhattodoD.gettiredoffighting（2）Thegirlsfathertookhertothekitchento_A.askherhowtoboileggsB.showherhowtomakecoffeeC.teachherhowtobeacookD.tellherhowtofacedifficulties3）Afterabouttwentyminutes，thecarrotsbecame_A.softB.hardC.saltyD.sweet（4）Th

26、eunderlinedword“fragile”inthepassagemeans“”A.美味的B.易碎的5）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ThegirlsfatherlikedtoeatsomekindsoffoodC.Boiledcarrots，eggsandcoffeehadthesameresulttrouble【答案】（1）C2）D3）A4）BC.特其余D.可怜的B.BadluckalwaysknocksatstrongpeoplesdoorsD.Peopleshouldmakerightdecisionswhenin5）D【解析】【解析】文章马虎：一

27、个女孩向她父亲抱怨她糟糕的生活，她不知道该怎么做而且想要放弃。她感觉一次又一次的打拼很疲备，一件事情刚解决,又一件事三番五次。本文表达的是父亲用一个平常的事件给女儿讲解人生道理的故事。1）细节理解题。女孩抱怨生活艰辛是因为她不A.wanttogiveup想放弃；B.finishoneproblem完成一个问题；C.knowwhattodo知道什么什么；D.gettiredoffighting对努力讨厌。依照短文第1自然段，可知，应选C。（2）细节理解题。题意：女孩的父亲把她带到厨房干什么？A.askherhowtoboileggs，问她怎样煮蛋；B.showherhowtomakecoffee

28、教她怎样煮咖啡；C.teachherhowtobeacook，教她怎样当厨师；D.tellherhowtofacedifficulties告诉她怎样面对困难。父亲带女儿到厨房是想经过煮不相同食品的事让她明天人生的道理。应选D。（3）细节理解题。题意：20分钟后，白菜变得怎样了？A.soft软；B.hard，硬；C.salty，咸；D.sweet甜。从文中可知，白菜是变软了，应选A。（4）词义猜想题。题意：带有下划线的“fragile在”短文中的意思是什么？A.美味的；B.易碎的；C.特其余；D.可怜的。句意：蛋煮后变硬了。简单推断出是：易碎的。应选B。（5）理解判断题。题意：从短文中我们能够学

29、会什么？Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thegirlsfatherlikedtoeatsomekindsoffood.女孩的父亲喜欢吃不相同种类的食品；B.Badluckalwaysknocksatstrongpeoplesdoors.坏运总是敲响富强者的门；C.Boiledcarrots,eggsandcoffeehadthesameresult.煮胡萝卜、蛋、咖啡结果相同；D.Peopleshouldmakerightdecisionswhenintrouble.人们在处于困境时应该做出正确的决定。依照短文内容，应选D。【议论】做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清

30、考点。在阅读短文从前，快速阅读问题，以便在阅读短文时做到胸有成竹，快速、正确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不用拘泥于书中所表现的语篇序次，应依照先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。3阅读理解Inanicehousetherelivedanoldman.Behindthehousetherewasabiggarden.Heplantedmanyplantsthere.Hetookcareofhisflowersallthetime,wateringandfertilizing(施肥)them.Onedayayo

31、ungmanwentbythegarden.Helookedatthebeautifulflowers,imagininghowhappyhecouldbeifhelivedinsuchabeautifulplace.Then,suddenlyhefoundtheoldgardenerwasblind.Hewasvery_aboutthisandasked,“YoucantseetheseWhyflowersareyou.busytakingcareofthemeveryday?Theoldmansmiledandsaid,“Icantellyoureasonsme.First,Iwasaga

32、rdenerwhenIwasyoung,andI”reallylikethisjob.Second,althoughIcantseetheseflowers,Icantouchthem.Third,Icansmellthesweetnessofthem.Astothelastone,thatsyou.”“Me?Butyoudontknowme,”saidtheyoungman.“Yeah,itstruethatIdontknowyou.ButIknowthatflowersareangelsthateverybodyknows.Weenjoythehappinesstheseflowersha

33、vebroughtus.”Theblindmansworkopenedoureyesandpleasedourheart,whichalsomadehislifehappier.ItwasjustlikeBeethoven,whobecamedeafinhislaterlifeandwrotemanygreatmusicalwords.Beethovenhimselfcouldnthearhiswonderfulmusic,buthismusichasencouragedmillionsofpeopletofacetheirdifficultiesbravely.Isntitonekindof

34、happiness?（1）Whichisthebestwordwecanputintheblanket”_”inParagraph2?A.excited.B.surprised.C.worried.D.relaxed.2）Howmanyreasonsdidtheoldmanmentioned?A.ThreeB.FourC.FiveD.Six3）Whatwasthecorrectorderinwhichtheseeventshappened?a.Theoldmanexplained.c.Theoldmanwateredtheflowers.A.b-c-a-dB.c-b-a-db.Theyoung

35、manwentbythegarden.d.Theyoungmanfoundtheoldmanwasblind.C.b-c-d-aD.c-b-d-a4）WhoisBeethoven?A.Theyoungman.B.Theoldman.（5）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？C.Agardener.D.Amusician.A.TheWiseYoungManB.TheNiceFlowersC.TheBlindGardenerD.AKindofHappiness.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）D（5）D【解析】【解析】词义猜想。excited愉悦的；surprised吃

36、惊的；worried担忧的；relaxed放松的。依照语境可知“他突然发现老园丁是盲人”，因此他特别“吃惊”，问他，“你看不见这些花儿，为什么每天照顾他们。”应选B。细节理解。依照文章中老人的话Third,Icansmellthesweetnessofthem.Astothelastone,thatsyou可知老人一共列出了四个原因，应选B。细节理解。依照文章描述可知，老人在浇花儿，一个年轻人经过，发现老人是盲人，他感觉好奇，问老人原因，老人做出讲解，应选D。推理判断。依照最后一段Beethovenhimselfcouldnthearhiswonderfulmusic,buthismusich

37、asencouragedmillionsofpeopletofacetheirdifficultiesbravely.可知贝多芬是一位音乐家。应选D。主旨马虎。本文经过一位年轻人与失明的园丁的对话折射出一个道理，给别人带来快乐也是一种快乐。应选D。【议论】观察对篇章的掌握和对细节的鉴别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的要点词，在文章中搜寻答案。4阅读理解Inthesummerbetweenmyfirstyearandsecondyearincollege,Iwasinvitedtobeaninstructor(指导员)atahighschoolcamp.Onthefirstday,whenwewer

38、edancingandplayinggames,Inoticedaboyunderthetreewhowassmallandthin.Hisshynessmadehimappearweak.Iwalkedtowardshim,introducedmyselfandinvitedhimtojoinintheactivitiesandmeetsomenewpeople.Hequietlyreplied,No,Ireallydontwanttodothis.IcouldunderstandthathewasinanewworldbutIknewitwouldntberighttoforcehimei

39、ther.Actually,theboydidntneedaclosetalkbutafriend.Atlunchthenextday,IwasleadingcampsongswhenIsawtheboyunderthetreesittingalone.Itriedagainwiththesameinvitation,butherefusedonceagain.ThateveningIwastoldtheboysnamewasTommy.ThenIaskedthecamperstopayspecialattentiontotheboyandspendtimewithhimwhentheycou

40、ld.Thedayswentbyandthetimecamewhenwehadtoleave.Weheldabig,warmpartytocelebratetheclosingofthecamp.Allthecamperssharedtheirwonderfulmoments.Tomysurprise,Ifoundtheboyfromunderthetreedancingjoyfullywithtwogirls.Icouldntbelieveitwasthesameperson.InOctoberofmysecondyear,IreceivedaphonecallfromTommysmothe

41、r.ShetoldmethatTommywashitbyacaranddied.Iofferedmydeepsadness.Themothersaid,Tommymentionedyousomanytimes.Iwantyoutoknowthathewentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriendswithconfidence.YoumadeadifferencetoTommyduringhislastmonths.Atthatmoment,Irealizedhoweasyitwastogiveabitofyourselfeveryday.Youmayneverknowhowm

42、ucheachgesturemaymeantosomeoneelse.Ihopethateveryonecanpayattentiontohisownboyunderthetree.（1）Beforethewritercametothehighschoolsummercamp,hewasa(n).A.instructorB.camperC.studentD.reporter（2）Howmanytimesdidthewriterinvitetheboytojoinintheactivities?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.D.Manytimes.3）Whichisth

43、eCORRECTorderaboutthestory？Theboydancedjoyfullywithtwogirls.Theboywentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriends.Theboyrefusedtojoinintheactivities.Theboysmothermadeaphonecalltothewriter.A.B.C.（4）FromParagraph4,wecaninferthatTommysmotherwasveryA.thankfulB.helpfulC.faithfultothewriter.D.harmfulD.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（

44、4）A【解析】【解析】本文表达了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。1）推理题。依照Inthesummerbetweenmyfirstyearandsecondyearincollege,Iwasinvitedtobeaninstructor(指导员)atahighschoolcamp在大学一年级和二年级之间的那个夏天，我被邀请去当一名教师(辅导员)在一个高中阵营可知，在作家抵达高中夏令营从前，他是名学生，应选C。（2）细节题。依照invitedhimtojoinintheactivities和Itriedagainwiththesameinvitation可

45、知，作者邀请这个男孩参加了2次活动，应选B。（3）细节题。依照全文描述可知最初男孩拒绝参加活动，此后男孩和两个女孩快乐地跳舞，这个男孩回到学校，交了新朋友，男孩的母亲给作家打了一个电话，故是C选项的排序是正确的，应选C。4）推理题。依照Tommymentionedyousomanytimes.Iwantyoutoknowthathewentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriendswithconfidence.YoumadeadifferencetoTommyduringhislastmonths汤米多次提到你。我想让你知道，他回到学校，自信地交了新朋友。在汤米的最后几个月里，

46、你改变了他可知，汤米的母亲对作家很感谢，应选A。【议论】观察阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中搜寻答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。5阅读理解Whenhewassmall,Hillwasafamousbadboy.Attheageof9,hisfathermarriedhisstepmother.Atthattimetheylivedpoorlyinthecountrysidewhilehisstepmotherwasfromawealthyfamily.HisfatherintroducedHilltohisstepmotherashesaid,Dear,Iho

47、peyounoticeintheentireshirethisistheworstboy,whohasmademehavenootherway.Maybebeforetomorrowmorninghewillthrowastoneatyou,ordoabadthingyouwillneverimagine.ToHillssurprise,hisstepmotherwentuptohimwithasmile,helduphisheadandlookedathimcarefully.Shethenturnedaroundtotellherhusband,Yourewrong.Heisnotthew

48、orstboyintheentireshire,butthecleverestandmostcreativeboy.Onlyhedoesntfindaplacetoshowhimself.Hisstepmotherswordswarmedhisheart,hiseyesfulloftears.Withthis,hestartedbuildingfriendshipwithhisstepmother.Andthisbecamethedriveofhislife,makinghimcreate28successfulgoldenrules,whichhelpedtensofthousandsofordinarypeoplewalkontheroadtosuccess.Beforehisstepmothercame,noonepraisedhimsmart,andhisfatherandneighboursconsideredhimasabadboy.However,hisstepmotherswordschangedhislife.WhenHillwas14yearsold,hisstepmotherboughthimausedtypewrit