定语从句的用法

1、定语从句的用法定语从句的用法4/4定语从句的用法定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,)。复合句：Themanwho(that)cameisMike.先行词关系代词LiMingistheonethatgotfullmarksinourclass.先行词关系代词上句的黑体字为复合句中的主句，蓝体字为定语从句.必定语从句的关系代词Which的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语

2、或宾语.Thisisthepenwhichwasgivenbymyfriend.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语Thisisthepenwhichmyfriendgavetome.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语二定语从句的关系代词Who的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(若是前面带介词则必定用whom)Themanwhoiswearingawhitesuitismybrother.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语ThemanwhowhomhewantedtoseelastweekisinShanghai.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

3、SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.三定语从句的关系代词Whom的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语),与who的差异是若是前面带介词则必定用whomThisistheteacherwhomwhowelikebest.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语SheisthegirlwhomwhoIwentwiththere.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.Idontliketheboytowhomyouaretalking.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.

4、四定语从句的关系代词that的用法:若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语Theanimalthatwhichislostisapanda.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语Sheisthepersonthatwhoweareworriedabout.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语注意1thatwhich在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which,不用that关系代词前有介词时.Thisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.Letmeshowyouthenovelth

5、atIborrowedfromtheliberarywhichwasnewlyopen(新开放)tous.注意2thatwhich在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that,不用which.先行词是形容词最高等也许它的前面有形容词最高等时Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstairpollution(反对空气污染)incities.Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee

6、.主句中已有疑问词时Whichisthebikethatyoulost?先行词既有人又有物时Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunover(撞倒了)anoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代词时Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.Wehaventgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.Imeantheonethatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.先行词前面有on

7、ly,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery等词修饰时Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.LiMingistheonlyonethatgotfullmarks(满分)inourclass.LiMingisoneofthestudentsthatwanttobeteachersinourclass.有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,别的一个宜用thatEdisonbuiltupafactory(办了一个工厂)whichproducedthingsthathadneverbeensee

8、nbefore.定语从句的关系副词Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.Thisisthehouse+Iwasborninthehouse.(=Iwasbornthere)=Thisisthehousewhere介词短语副词Iwasborn.这就是我在那处出生的房子.先行词关系副词inwhichIwasborn.介词+关系代词whichIwasbornin.关系代词这里作介宾的which和that可以省thatIwasbornin略关系代词.练习：用which，where填空1Thisisthefactorywheretheywanttovisit。2Mysisterw

9、orksinabookshopinwhichwecanreadmany3kindsofbooksthefamousscientistwasHaveyouvisitedthecitywhere4born?whichtheyvisitedlastmonth?Isthisthemuseum5Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.Thepencilwith_which_hewrotewasbroken.67Isthistheshop_which_sellschildrensclothing?Istillrememberthesitting-room_where_mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.Dontgoin,thisistheshop_which_wehavejustbeen。toPleaseshowmethebook_which_youboughtyesterday_.定语从句的关系副词When的用法:若先行词指时间且其在定语从句中充当时间状语.Hecameatatime+weneededhelpatatime.介词短语=Hecameatatimewhenweneededhelp关系副词atwhichweneededhelp介词+关系代词wh