英语语音教学语流市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、 English pronunciation 英语语音 II第1页 Connected speech 语 流第2页 语流Connected speechI Loss of plosion and incomplete plosion失去爆破和不完全爆破爆破音和爆破音或其它辅音相邻，(w j除外)时往往失去爆破，这主要是因为两个辅音之间间隔太小，这种现象在语音学上称为“失去爆破”或“特殊爆破”。 第一个爆破音只形成妨碍，但不发生爆破，称作不完全爆破。说话时，前一个单词爆破音只保持发音部位（音不发出来）同时，即向下一个单词起音辅音过渡，不完全爆破得以实现。不完全爆破产生原因大致上是因为省力标准造成

2、。 不完全爆破时英语语音学习中重点，也是一个难点；掌握不好不完全爆破，就不可能讲地道英语。下面列举不完全爆破几条主要规则：第3页 一个单词里情况：1 两个爆破音相邻，第一个爆破音只形成妨碍，但失去爆破，第二个爆破音完全爆破；若第二个爆破音在词尾则必须轻化。September robbed blackboard beggedpostcard第4页 2 爆破音/t/ /d/ 后面紧跟鼻辅音/m/和/n/，/t/ /d/形成妨碍，但词尾必须经过鼻腔爆破。 certainhidden在词中，则形成妨碍，不完全爆破。 utmostadmit第5页 3 爆破音/t/ /d/后面紧跟舌侧音/l/，/t/ /

3、d/形成妨碍，在词尾必须经过舌两侧爆破 little在词中，形成妨碍，但不完全爆破。 latelybadly第6页 4 爆破音和摩擦音相邻，该爆破音形成妨碍，但不完全爆破。 advance success第7页 5 爆破音和破擦音相邻，该爆破音形成妨碍，但不完全爆破。 pictureobject第8页 goodbyeaskedpickedpigtailbobbedactivekeptslept curtainBritainwoodenexcitementadmire3 gentlebattlelittletitlebottlesettleneedlemiddlemodellatelyhardl

4、yloudly4adviceadvanceeighthadventurefriendship5 lectureobjectactuallysubject第9页 单词与单词之间情况：1 两个爆破音相邻，第一个爆破音形成妨碍，但失去爆破，稍微停顿一下，立刻发出第二个爆破音。 stop talkinggreat care bad coldbig boy take care第10页 2 爆破音和鼻辅音/m，n/相邻，爆破音形成妨碍，但不完全爆破，稍微停顿一下。good morning dont know第11页 3 爆破音和舌侧音/l/相邻，爆破音形成妨碍，但不完全爆破，略做停顿。 at lastgo

5、od luck第12页 4 爆破音和摩擦音相邻，爆破音形成妨碍，但不完全爆破，略做停顿。 old friend a good viewkeep silenta good zooget throughjust thenquite sure第13页 5 爆破音和破擦音相邻，爆破音形成妨碍，但不完全爆破，略做停顿。 great changegood job第14页 a great deala bad coldtake careput downquit differentstop talkinggood morninggood newsloud noisedark nightquite nearat

6、noonstop nowat lastat leastat lunchat leisuregood luckred light第15页 old friendfriend firstfirst volumea good viewfirst stepa good zoogreat successdeep snowget therebright thoughttake threejust thenquite surenot sharp第16页 Connected speech 2 Sound linking连读1. 词末辅音和词首元音连读put it intake it off2. 词末元音和词首元

7、音连读go onhow old3.词末不发音字母r和紧跟其后词词首元音连读，字母r必须发 音, 发/r/.far awayfor ever第17页 make upwork output ontake ontake offkeep onkeep uppick upread outall of usin a minutefirst of allnot at allfar awayhere and therelater onfor everfor examplefor instancefor a momenta matter of factgo outgo ontry itsee offday in

8、 and day out第18页 Red River ValleyFrom this valley they say you are leavingWe shall miss your bright eyes and sweet smilesFor you take with you all of the sunshineThat has brightened our path way a whileThen come sit by my side if you love meDo not hasten to bid me adieu Just remember the red river v

9、alleyAnd the cowboy thats loved you so trueFor a long time my darling Im waiting For the sweet words you never would sayNow alas gone my fond hopes that vanishedFor they say that you are going awayThen come sit by my side if you love meDo not hasten to bid me adieu Just remember the red river valley

10、And the cowboy thats loved you so true第19页 Scarborough FairAre you going to Scarborough FairParsley sage rosemary and thymeRemember me to one who lived thereShe once was the true love of mineTell her to make me a cambric shirtParsley sage rosemary and thymeWithout no seams nor needle workThen shell

11、be the true love of mineTell her to find me an acre of landParsley sage rosemary and thymeBetween sea water and the sea strandThen shell be the true love of mineTell her to reap it with a sickle of leatherParsley sage rosemary and thymeAnd gather it all in a bunch of heatherThen shell be the true lo

12、ve of mine第20页 You Are My Sunshine You are my sunshine my only sunshine You make me happy when skies are grey Youll never know dear how much I love you Please don t take my sunshine away The other night dear when I was sleeping I dreamed I held you in my arms When I awoke dear I was mistaken So I he

13、ld my head and cried You are my sunshine my only sunshine You make me happy when skies are grey Youll never know dear how much I love you Please dont take my sunshine away The other night dear when I was sleeping I dreamed I held you in my arms When I awoke dear I was mistaken So I held my head and

14、cried 第21页 Connected speech 3Syllables, stressed syllables and unstressed syllables 音节，重读音节和非重读音节音节：一个元音组成一个音节，一个元音加上一个或一个以上辅音，也能够组成一个音节。重音：在一个音节中，元音比辅音长而响亮，在双元音和多音节词中有一个音节比其它音节中元音长而响亮，这个长而响亮音节被称为重读音节，stressed syllables。没有接收重读音节被成为非重读音节，unstressed syllables。第22页 Classification of stressed syllables

15、重音分类1. Single stressedgomewe ago aheadmother2. Even stressedunknown eighteenmisprint3. Primary and secondary stressedrevolutionqualificationuniversity第23页 Word stress 单词重音A)双音节词a)普通在第一个音节重读。 lettersorryb)有 a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro

16、-, trans- 等前缀词，第二个音节是重音。 about believe addressdecidereportcondemn respectcompareinformdiscuss impressmistakeenforceprepare employpermit escape produce exclaimtranslate 第24页 c)有 de-, in-, re-, con-, pre- 等前缀重音与词义和词类相关, 普通名词重音在第一个音节上，其它词性在第二个音节上。 record record insult insult conductconduct present pres

17、ent contentcontent d)有些复合词和带有前缀 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等词，有两个重音。 outsideretell well-known unreal fifteen Chinese pre-warpost-war第25页 B)多音节词a)普通倒数第三个音节是重音。difficult communist family economyopportunitydemocracy. b)有一些双音节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多音节，但这些词按原来词根重音读音。carefully indefinite comfortable conductor, acco

18、rding disturbance complicatedestablishment 第26页 c)词尾有-eous, -graphy, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, -ive 后缀词，重音在这些后缀前一个音节上。courteous calligraphyeditorial historianperiodicmathematicsprotectiveexperiencesufficientidentifytranslation religiouscuriosityd)词尾有 -ain, -ee, -e

19、er, -ese, -ette 后缀词，重音在该后缀上，而且有一个次重音。entertainemployeemountaineerJapanesecigarette 第27页 C)复合名词重音普通在第一个音节。blackboardhandbagbookstoreclassroom复合动词重音普通在第二个音节。maltreatill-treatshortchangecross-section waterproof第28页 2)句子重音实词（notional words）重读（名词，形容词，实意动词，数词，疑问词，感叹词，副词重读）虚词 (function words)轻读(冠词，单音节介词，单音

20、节连词，人称代词，反代词，物主代词，关系代词，相互代词，助动词，情态动词和系动词be.）第29页 b) 实词不重读特殊情况1)实词第二次出现He thinks of that as a child thinks. 2)一个名词被第二个名词修饰I met her in the railway station. 3)代替词Which book do you want? The small one. 第30页 4)感叹词中 what 和howWhat a good day it is! How beautiful she is! 5)street 在专有名词中Wangfujing Street.6)

21、this在这些短语中this morning/afternoon/evening第31页 7)虚词重读特殊情况1 情态动词，助动词和系动词be在句首，句尾和否定时。Do you like it? Yes, I do. Are you a doctor? Yes, I am. Can youhelp me? Yes, I can. I dont like you. He isnt a worker. 2 情态动词表示可能，惊奇和必定时。They may come this evening. Can it be five already? He must be inthe room. 第32页 3

22、 介词在句首和句尾。In the box, he found a letter. He is the person I talked with. 4 引导复合句连词在句首。If you wish, Ill visit you. When he comes, Ill tell him. 5反身代词表示强调。He couldnt come himself.第33页 Connected speech 4 pausing 停顿停顿目标：1）呼吸换气2）为了更清楚更有条理地表示思想3）便于对方听清楚2. 意群（meaning group）每个意群后面有一个停顿，即停顿决定意群大小。意群划分由两个原因决定

23、:1）语速 （speed of the speech）2）句子语法结构长度 (sentence grammar structure)第34页 1)语速语速快，意群可长；语速慢，意群可短。如：The old lady told you to go 语速快时，能够把此句划分为一个意群：/the old lady told you to go/语速慢时，能够把此句划分为两个意群：/the old lady / told you to go/第35页 2)句子语法结构长度a）短句能够有一个独立意群/Are you sure?/I like Sunday best./b)长句要划分成两个或两个以上意群，

24、划分主要标准以下：1用做句中主语一个短语或从句能够有一个独立意群。/Most of the students / are studying in the classroom./What I have told you / is true./2句首短语或者从句用做状语，能够有一个独立意群/ In that case, / Ill stay home./When he comes back, / ask him to call me. /第36页 3非限制性定语从句能够有一个独立意群/ This is Professor Wang, / who has just returned from Ame

25、rica./4非限制性同位语能够有一个独立意群/We have just seen Mr. Price, / the new manager./5限制性同位语或定语从句普通没有一个独立意群/Mr. Price the manager, / is the brother of Mr. Price the teacher./第37页 Connected speech 5 Intonation 语气Classification: the falling tone 降调分 类the rising tone升调 the falling-rising tone降升调第38页 1 降调基本意义和使用方法：t

26、he basic meaning and use of falling tone1）直截了当陈说句（straightforward statement）用降调，因为说话人对他所说话内容必定无疑。They are working very hard.2）特殊疑问句（special questions）普通用降调。What are you reading?3）强制命令（strong command）用降调turn left! Hands up,no harm .第39页 4）选择问句（alternative questions）后半句用降调。Would you care for a cup of tea or