高考英语语法填空总动员语法填空无提示词探究市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、高考英语总动员语法填空第1页1.无提醒词探究第2页一、冠词冠词(article, art. )是名词前成份, 起限定名词, 说明名词定指、泛指、量指或独指等性质词类, 与名词组成名词词语, 不能单独使用。第3页1. In the beginning, there was only _ very small amount of unfairness in the world. 2. The parents were shocked by _ news that their son needed _ operation on his knee. 参考答案：1. a。a very small amo

2、unt of一个非常小数量。2. 第一空填the，表示特指；第二空填an，表示泛指。第4页3. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _ thirteenth century. 4. Four and _ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and _ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar. 参考答案：3. 两个空都填the，on the Pacific Ocean为

3、固定搭配，在太平洋；in the thirteenth century在13世纪，序数词前表特指用定冠词the。4. 两个空都填a，第一空表示量指，“四个半”，英语用four and a half；第二空表示休息时刻。第5页5. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _ last row. 6. looked at _ finished painting with _ satisfaction. 参考答案：5. 定冠词the，用在最高级前。6. the. . .

4、painting, 定指所谈论画；with satisfaction, 零冠词，固定搭配。第6页7. He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump. 8. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had _ amazing conversation. 参考答案：7. the gold, 独指, 跳高项目唯一金牌; a second=another, 量指, 还有一次机会。8. 不定冠词an表类指。第7页9.As he rea

5、ched _ front door, Jack saw _ strange sight. 10.It is generally accepted that _ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _ man. 参考答案： 9. the表示定指, a表量指。10. 两空都填a表示类指。第8页11.Its said John will be in a job paying over $60, 000 _ year. Right, he will also get paid by _ week. 12. Take your timeits just _

6、 short distance from here to _ restaurant. 参考答案：11. a表量指; by the week “按周计算”，固定使用方法。12. a表量指; the表定指。第9页13. As is known to all, _ Peoples Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world. 14. Dr. Peter Spence, _ headmaster of the school, told us, “_ fifth of pupils here go on to study

7、at Oxford and Cambridge. ” 参考答案：13. the用于专用名词前；the用于最高级前。14. the表定指; The用于序数词前。第10页 讨论冠词使用方法就是研究冠词与名词搭配关系，这与名词可数不可数，单数复数、语意上泛(类)指、量指、定(特)指、独指四个属性以及名词读音有亲密联络。1 定冠词基本使用方法1. 表示“定指或特指”：1)表示某个或一些特定人或物。比如：(1)Do you know the girl in a red skirt? 你认识那个穿红裙子女孩吗？(特指人)(2)Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国首都

8、。(特指物)第11页2)再次提到上文提到过人或物。 比如：Tom has an apple. The apple is big and red. 汤姆有个苹果，这个苹果又大又红。3)指谈话双方都知道人或物。比如：(1)Lets go and give it to the teacher. 咱们去把它交给老师吧。(双方都知道是哪位老师) (2)Open the door，please! 请打开门。(双方都知道是哪个门)第12页4)用于一些固定词组中。比如：in the morning/afternoon/evening等。5)用在形容词前表示一类人。6)用在表示“姓”复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇

9、二人。比如：The Whites are spending their holiday in England. 7)用在形容词最高级和序数词前。the biggest country, the fourth runner第13页2. 表示“独指”：用于在一定范围内表示唯一人或物名词前。比如：the sun，the moon，the world，the planet，the earth，the Milky Way，the sky，the universe，the globe，the Equator The moon is the nearest to the earth. 比较：若这类词前面有描

10、绘性定语，可用不定冠词表示量指。比如：a new moon 一弯新月a red sun一轮红日第14页用适当冠词填空。1. It was a cold winter night and _ moon was shining brightly across _ night sky. 2. Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take _ place of George. 参考答案：1. the; the 2. the 第15页3. We are said to be living in _ Informa

11、tion Age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes. 4. The Smiths dont usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea. 参考答案：3. the; a 4. the 第16页5. I woke up with _ bad headache, yet by _ evening the pain had gone. 6. There are over 58, 000 rocky objec

12、ts in space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth. 参考答案：5. a; the 6. the 第17页7. If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. 8. Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up _ weakening of the human body. 参考答案：7. the; a 8. the第18页2 不定冠词基本使

13、用方法1. 表示“类指或泛指”：指某人或某物属于某一个类，或者指某一个类人或物中任何一个或一件，但不详细说明是何人或何物。比如：(1)That is a pen, not a pencil. 那是钢笔，而不是铅笔。(指属于某一个类)(2)Give him a pear, please! 请给他一个梨。(指某一个类中任何一个)(3)Listen! A boy is singing in the classroom. 听！有个男孩正在教室里唱歌。(不详细说明是何人)第19页2. 表示“量指”：这种使用方法主要表示“一”意思，但它并不强调数目概念，它所表示“数”概念没有“one”强烈，它不能和two

14、, three等形成对比关系。 比如：(1)There is a cat under the chair. 椅子下面有只猫。(表示“一”概念)(2)Kate has one ruler, but Meimei has two. 凯特有一把尺子，梅梅有两把。(形成了对比关系，one表“数”概念较强，句中“one”不能用“a”代替)第20页用适当冠词填空。1.India attained independence in 1947, after _ long struggle. 2. Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open

15、 up _ meat processing factory of his own one day. 3. Being able to afford _ drink would be _ comfort in those tough times. 第21页4. The development of industry has been _ gradual process throughout human existence, from stone tools to modern technology. 5. First impressions are the most lasting. After

16、 all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression. 6.Its _ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure. 第22页7. The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new Jiangsu. 8.In most coun

17、tries, a university degree can give you _ flying start in life. 参考答案：1. a 2. a 3. a; a 4. a 5. a; a 6. a 7. a 8. a第23页3 不定冠词a, an使用方法 不定冠词a与an在意义上没有区分，a用在以辅音音素开头单词或字母前；an用在以元音音素开头单词或字母前，而且要与后面单词连读(连读用下划线表示)。比如：an important meeting, an elephant, an old woman, an envelope第24页1. 元音字母开头单词与a, an。1)除a, e,

18、 i, o外, 注意以u开头单词。比如： 第25页2)在课标词汇表中，u在词首发 音词有：ugly, umbrella, unable, uncertain, uncle, underground, understanding, underwater, undivided, unfair, unfolded, unhealthy, unknown, unlike, unpleasant, unreserved, unrest, unsold, unsuccessful, unusual, upstairs, upward其余u在词首发 ju:音词有：uniform, union, unique

19、, unit, unite, universal, universe, university, use, used, useful, useless, user, usual, usually第26页2. 辅音字母开头单词与a, an。有单词开头是辅音字母, 但第一个发音是元音音素, 加不定冠词时也是an, 这就是字母名称音和拼读音区分。比如: You missed an“s”in the word success. In the English exam, John got a“C”and missed an“f”in the word“suffer”. an X-ray examinati

20、on, an hour, an hono(u)r, an honest man第27页1）字母在字母表中读音叫字母名称音；字母在单词中读音叫字母拼读音。在单词或字母前加a(n)时，要尤其注意这两个概念。 第28页4 冠词定指、泛指、量指和独指 冠词与名词搭配与名词可数、不可数、单数、复数等不一样性质相关，还与语意上泛(类)指、量指、定(特)指、独指四个属性亲密相连。我们将冠词定指、泛指、量指和独指使用方法归纳以下。第29页表示语意使用冠词例句泛/类指: 相当于any或one of, 泛指一类人或事物零冠词不定冠词定冠词1. Fresh water is scarce in some count

21、ries. 2. Do you like art? 3. A horse is a useful animal. 4. The horse is a useful animal. 5. Horses are useful animals. 量指: 相当于one, some, 指一类人或事物中数量不定冠词零冠词1. The flowers want a poured water. 2. Music is an art. 3. We need a horse to carry the box. 4. Doctors were badly needed in the front. 5. A red

22、sun is rising from beyond the mountains. 第30页表示语意使用冠词例句定/特指: 相当于this, that, these, those, 指一类人或事物中详细对象定冠词1. He jumped into the water to save the boy. 2. Do you like the music of the film? 3. The horse is blind in the left eye. 4. Give me a list of the doctors. 独指: 相当于only, 指一定范围内唯一人或事物定冠词零冠词1. The m

23、oon moves around the earth. 2. Father likes to do things for people. 3. In 1860 Lincoln was elected president of the USA. 第31页. 单句填空1. We can never expect _ bluer sky unless we create _ less polluted world. 2. Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in _ weather around the world.

24、 3. I left it early because I had _ appointment later that day. 第32页4. A young man, while traveling through a desert，came across a spring of clear water. _ water was sweet. 5.Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not _ pleasant experience. 参考答案：1. a; a 2. the 3. an 4. The 5. a第33页. 用适当冠词补全短文

25、 Elizabeth Rosemund Taylor was born in 1. _ nineteen thirty-two to American parents living in London. Her father Francis was 2. _ art dealer. Her mother Sara had worked as 3. _ stage actress before her marriage. 4. _ Taylors left England in nineteen thirty-nine and moved to southern California. Eliz

26、abeths beauty soon caught 5. _ attention of movie studio officials. 第34页 She made her first movie, “Theres One Born Every Minute, ” at 6. _ age of ten. This was followed 7. _ year later by “Lassie Come Home”. But it was 8. _ nineteen forty-four film, “National Velvet” that made her 9. _ star. Twelve

27、-year-old Elizabeth Taylor starred as Velvet Brown, 10. _ girl living in a village in England. She saves 11. _ horse and trains him for 12. _ important race, which she wins. 第35页 During 13. _ nineteen forties Elizabeth Taylor played many roles in movies about families. Not all 14. _ child actors in

28、Hollywood were successful laterplaying adult roles. But Taylor easily went from playing children to playing 15. _ teenagers and adults. In nineteen fifty, she played the bride in the popular film “Father of the Bride”. 参考答案：1. / 2. an 3. a 4. The 5. the 6. the 7. a8. the 9. a 10. a 11. a 12. an 13.

29、the 14. / 15. /第36页 二、介词 介词(preposition, prep. )也是名词前成份，又叫前置词，表示名词与句中其它句子成份之间从、往、在、当、把、对、同、为、以、比、跟、被等语意关系。介词往往在冠词前面。有时介词能够当副词使用，区分是：介词带宾语，副词不带宾语。 比如：He is in the room. (in是介词，带名词作宾语) Is he in? No, he is out. (in, out是副词，不带宾语)第37页1. The only reason a man would sell salt _ a lower price would be becau

30、se he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect _ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it. 参考答案: 第一空填at。at a lower price以一个较低价格。第二空填for。那将表现出对辛劳生产盐人汗水与付出不尊敬。a lack of respect for对不尊敬。第38页2. A serious study

31、 of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics. 3. _ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. 参考答案: 2. without 没有3. On behalf of 代表第39页4. 100 is the temperature _ which water will boil. 5. Do you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders? 6. _ passion, people

32、 wont have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. 参考答案: 4. at, 介词+关系代词，在这个温度 5. across, 肩膀处6. Without, 没有激情第40页7. You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be _ life. 8. Nothing is so easy as _ parents to raise their expectations of their children to

33、o high. 9. The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place _ the main road at the far end of the lake. 参考答案: 7. for, for life终生8. for, for sb. 对某人来说 9. off 第41页10. I didnt like leaving him _ his own, either. 11. The new boy looked at the teacher _ a few seconds. 12. The young man went home _ a happy heart. 参

34、考答案: 10. on, on ones own 独自地 11. for, 一段时间12. with，怀着 第42页13.She found some good quality pipes _ sale. 14. Her parents were already _ table having supper. 参考答案: 13. on, on sale出售 14. at, at table在吃饭第43页1 方位介词(一)方位介词图解第44页in在里, out在外, 旁边是beside, 靠近为by, on在上, under在下above在上方, below在底下。on, in, at表地点, o

35、n“在之上”接触面, at表示小地点, in“在里面”和“中间”第45页(二) above, over, on, below, under, beneath详解第46页over、under正上下，above、below不垂直，若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。1. above 指水平面以上，不一定是正上方，反义词是below; 2. over指垂直正上方，反义词是under; 3. on表示与表面接触，反义词是beneath。第47页比如：1)Be careful, there is a heavy box over your head. 2)The sun is above the mount

36、ain in the east. 3)There are some stamps on the desk. 4)The position he pointed to was below the sea level. 5)The little mouse is under the table, so it is not easy to find it. 第48页(三) across, over, through, past详解1. across从平面上横越；2. over从上方跨越；3. through从空间穿越；4. past从旁边经过。第49页比如：1)The Great Wall wind

37、s its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea. 2)The crowd of people walked past the City Hall to the Center Square. 第50页2 时间介词at表示时间点, 午夜黄昏拂晓也相连at dawn, at daybreak在拂晓时候, at noon在中午, at night在夜间, at midnight在午夜, at six oclock在6点钟, at 7

38、: 30(seven thirty)在7点半, at half past eleven在11点半, at nine fifteen在9点15分, at ten thirty a. m. 在早晨10点30分, at the weekend在周末at也在时分前, “差”时用to“过”用pastat 8: 00 in the morning早上八点, at 4: 00 in the afternoon下午四点, two to seven七点差两分, a quarter to eight七点四十五分, eleven past seven七点十一分, half past nine九点半on用于某一天on

39、 Childrens Day儿童节, on May the first五月一日第51页in表示段时间, 用在年季月周前in 1986在1986年, in 1927在1927年, in April在四月, in March在三月, in December 1986, 1986年12月, in July 1983, 1983年7月, in spring在春季, in summer在夏季, in autumn在秋季, in the third week在第三周午日晚上in惯用, 详细某日in变on, early, late变回来in the morning在早上, in the afternoon在

40、下午, in the evening在晚上, in the day在白天, on a cold(winter)evening在一个严寒(冬天)晚上, on Wednesday afternoon在星期三下午, on the morning of March 8th在3月8日早晨, in the early morning在清晨, in the late afternoon在下午很晚时候第52页年月季周今明天, 有词修饰介词省tomorrow, yesterday或morning, afternoon, evening前有this, that, next, last, one等代词、数词修饰时,

41、 不用介词。this morning今天早上, one afternoon一天下午before, after时间点, before起点在ago前。ago, later时间段Wei Hua got up before 7 oclock this morning. 今天早晨, 魏华7点之前起床。After that, no one should ever kill a seagull. 从那时起, 任何人不得捕杀海鸥。Her husband died 4 years ago. 她丈夫死于四年前。He became Senator two years later. 两年后他当上了参议员。第53页fr

42、om. . . to起止by终止through一直for连续The workers were made to work from 7 in the morning to 7 in the evening. 工人们被迫从早7点工作到晚7点。By the time I arrived, she had already gone. 在我抵达之前, 她已经走了。He slept right through the day. 他睡了一整天。Florence often worked for twenty-four hours without rest. 弗洛伦斯经常工作二十四小时而不休息。第54页sin

43、ce以来, during之间, since时态多完成Since that time, my eyes had never been very good. 从那时起, 我眼睛一直不是很好。During the lifetime of one man, North America and Europe will more further apart by nearly two metres. 在一个人一生期间, 北美洲和欧洲之间距离将要增加差不多两米。第55页3 其它介词beyond超出, 无, 不能Its quite beyond me. (It is more than I can under

44、stand. )这我完全不懂。Dont stay out beyond 10 oclock. 不要在外面待到10点以后还不回家。against靠着, 对与反对She leaned wearily against the railings. 她疲惫地靠着栏杆站着。(靠着)A new president was elected by a majority of 274 votes against 110. 新总统以274票对110票多数当选。(对)We are totally against the plan. 我们完全反对这个计划。(反对)第56页besides, except分内外The de

45、sign has many other advantages besides lower cost. 除费用低外, 该设计还有许多其它优点。(优点包含在内)Every one of us, except her, went to see the exhibition. 除她外, 我们都去参观了展览会。(不包含她)第57页同类比较except, 加for异类记心间He gets up early every day except Sunday. 除星期日外他天天早起。She was all alone in the world except for an old aunt. 除了有一个老姑妈,

46、在这个世界上她别无亲人。His composition is good, except for some spelling mistakes. 他这篇作文写得很好, 只是有几处拼写错误。(非同类比较用except for)between, among二三分The differences between American English and British English are not very great. 美式英语和英式英语之间差异不是很大。There are some American students among us. 在我们中间有几个美国学生。第58页阳光, 灯, 影, 衣,

47、冒雨inDont read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡灯光下看书。They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮灯光下复习功课。They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树荫下乘凉。未来时态in. . . 以后They will come back in 10 days. 他们将10天以后回来。Come and see me in two daystime. 两天以后看我。(从现在开始)after. . . (从过去开始)第59页有形with无形in, 方式、伎俩

48、就用by, 语言, 单位, 材料inThe teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新钢笔批改论文。(有形)The students are writing in ink. 学生用墨水写。(无形)She has improved her English by reading a lot. 她经过大量阅读提升了英语(水平)。(表示方式、伎俩、方法)I really cant express my idea in English freely indeed. 我确实不能用英语流利地表示我思想。(表示某种语言用in)The ki

49、lometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system. 千米是米制中最大长度单位。(表示度量衡单位用in)This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 这个牌匾是铜铸, 不是金铸。第60页特征、方面与方式心情成语惯用inThey found the patient in a coma. 他们发觉病人处于昏迷状态。He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好。in jest诙谐地, in joke开玩笑地, in fairn

50、ess公正地, in revenge报复, in mercy宽大, in sorrow难过地介词at、to表方向, 攻击, 位置, 善, 恶分She came at me. 她向我扑过来。She came to me. 她向我走过来。She threw a bone at the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗。She threw a bone to the dog. 她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。第61页4 常考介词短语(一)归类记忆1. be on show/display/play/sale/strike/duty/trial2. be of value/importance/use/no use/

51、color/age/size/height/weight/significance 3. to ones joy/surprise/pleasure/astonishment/sorrow/delight 4. in surprise/wonder/alarm/terror/horror/delight5. by air/bicycle/boat/bus/car/letter/post/plane/telephone/train/wire 第62页6. at daybreak/sunrise/dawn/noon/ dark/night 7. out of breath/control/ques

52、tion/sight8. in fact/reality/substance/nature/practice/theory/short/brief/a word/detail/all/full/time/fashion/existence/turn/vain/haste/appearance/common/sum/general/particular/public/secret/order/part/power/stock/case/bed/future/name/ addition/sight第63页9. on duty/shift/holiday/leave/business/purpos

53、e/time/sale/show/board/hand/record/request/earth/farm/principle/average10.for example/instance/all/good/nothing/convenience/short/fear/sale11. by weight ( volume, size, number. . . )/profession/definition/rule/turn/chance/ accident/mistake/hand/train ( bus, taxi, ship, boat. . . )/air/land/force/day

54、/nature/sight第64页12. at most/least/best/worst/once/first/last/home/school/will/work/night/midnight/daybreak/dawn/present/length/large13. as above/below/following/over/usual/before/a matter of fact14. above all/measure/normal 15. before all/long/time/now/then 16. after all/class/school第65页17. out of

55、action/order/condition/use/operation/step/joint/repair/ gear/balance/range/doubt/date/danger/hand/shape/place/question/stock18. with caution/interest/difficulty/ease/advantage/effect/reason/vigor/reserve/success/confidence第66页19. beyond comprehension/conception/description/expression/doubt/control/r

56、each/power/measure/ grasp/compare/controversy/dispute/hope/example20. under age/discussion/test/way/repair 第67页(二)组合记忆1. 由两个词组成复合介词(1)以of结尾 ahead of, aside of, because of, east of, west of, instead of, short of, lack of, regardless of(2)以to结尾 according to, as to, counter to, due to, owing to, next t

57、o, previous to, prior to, relative to, subject to, subsequent to, thanks to (3)以with结尾 along with, together with (4)以for结尾 as for, but for, except for, save for (5)以from开头 from above, from below, from among, from between, from beneath, from behind, from over第68页2. 由三个或四个词组成复合介词(1)以in开头 in addition t

58、o, in advance of, in agreement with, in case of, in charge of, in comparison with, in consequence of, in consideration of, in (the) course of, in contrast with, in the face of, in favor of, in front of, in honor of, in (the) light of, in the middle of, in the name of, in need of, in obedience to, in

59、 opposition to, in place of, in preference to, in (the) process of， in regard to, in reply to, in respect of 第69页(2)以by开头 by means of, by order of, by reason of, by virtue of, by way of(3)以at开头 at the beginning of, at the cost of, at the end of, at the hands of, at mercy of, at the point of, at the

60、risk of(4)以with开头 with an eye to, with the exception of, with the purpose of, with reference to, with regard to, with respect to, with a view to, with the view of第70页(5)以for开头 for the benefit of, for fear of, for lack of, for the good of, for the sake of(6)以under开头 under cover of, under pain of, und