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1、华为交换机的基本配置by蔡成勇1华为、思科几种常见的模式(视图)登入到交换机远程登入telnet超级终端console用户视图系统视图VLAN视图用户界面视图接口视图登入到交换机远程登入telnet超级终端console普通用户模式特权用户模式VLAN模式进程配置模式接口配置模式全局配置模式图1、思科几种常见模式图2、华为几种常见视图2华为交换机的几种常见视图视图功能提示符进入命令退出命令用户视图查看交换机的简单运行状态和统计信息与交换机建立连接即进入quit断开与交换机连接系统视图配置系统参数Quidway在用户视图下键入system-viewquit或return返回用户视图以太网端口视图

2、配置以太网端口参数Quidway-Ethernet0/1在系统视图下键入:interface ethernet 0/1quit返回系统视图VLAN视图配置VLAN参数Quidway-Vlan1在系统视图下键入vlan 1quit返回系统视图VLAN接口视图配置VLAN和VLAN汇聚对应的IP接口参数Quidway-Vlanif1在系统视图下键入:interface Vlanif 1quit返回系统视图用户界面视图配置登录用户参数Quidway-ui-vty0-4在系统视图下键入:user-interface vty 0 4quit返回系统视图3进入视图配置命令1、从普通视图到系统视图:sysQ

3、uidwayquit2 、系统视图到接口视图: Quidwayinterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/1quitQuidway3、系统视图到VLAN视图: Quidwayvlan 2Quidway-Vlan2quit4 、系统视图到VLAN接口视图: Quidwayinterface Vlanif 2Quidway-Vlanif2quit、系统视图到用户界面视图: Quidway user-interface vty 0 4Quidway-ui-vty0-4quit4交换机配置的基本步骤用console口登入交换机配置

4、VTY,以便用互联网远程登入管理交换机建立VLAN配置端口模式把端口添加到VLAN配置VLAN的IP地址配置静态路由保存并备份配置5TELNET连接认证设置配置过程注释Quidway user-interface vty 0 4Quidway-ui-vty0 authentication-mode password/aaa/noneQuidway-ui-vty0 set authentication password simple/cipher huaweiQuidway super password level 3 simple/cipher huawei # 设置认证方式#设置认证的密码口

5、令为huawei #设置切换低级别用户到高级别用户的密码 6配置的保存Quidway sysname huawei #指定设备名称Quidway quit #退出当前模式 save #保存配置This will save the configuration in the flash memory.The switch configurations will be written to flash.Are you sure?Y/Ny Now saving current configuration to flash memory.Please wait for a while.Current c

6、onfiguration saved to flash memory successfully.7用TFTP服务器配置交换机t put vrpcfg.zip vrpcfg.zip #配置下载到TFTP服务器t get vrpcfg.zip vrpcfg.zip #配置上传到S5303startup saved-configuration vrpcfg.zip #下次启动时加载的配置文件 8登陆界面及等级切换Please press ENTER.%Apr 2 05:38:46 2000 Quidway SHELL/5/LOGIN: Console login from Aux0/0 super

7、#级别切换Now user privilege is 3 level, and just commands which level is equal to or less than this level can be used.Privilege note: 0-VISIT, 1-MONITOR, 2-SYSTEM, 3-MANAGEsystem view #进入系统视图Enter system view, return to user view with Ctrl+Z.Quidway display current-configuration #显示当前配置9端口物理属性配置1、设置以太网端

8、口的全双工/半双工属性 例:将以太网端口GigabitEtherne0/0/1端口设置为自协商状态/半双工/全双工Quidway-GigabitEtherne0/0/1 duplex auto /half/full2、设置端口的速率 例:将以太网端口GigabitEthernet0/0/1的端口速率设置为100Mbit/sQuidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/1 speed 10/100/10003、设置端口的描述字符串 例:设置以太网端口GigabitEthernet0/0/1的描述字符串为lanswitch-interfaceQuidway-GigabitEthernet0

9、/0/1 description lanswitch-interface10VLAN的划分及配置配置过程注释Quidwayvlan 2Quidway-vlan2quitQuidwayinterface GigabitEthernet0/0/1Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/1port link-type access Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/1undo shutdownQuidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/1port default vlan 2Quidway-vlan2port GigabitEthernet0/0/1Qui

10、dway interface Vlanif 2Quidway-Vlanif2 ip address 54 #创建VLAN 2#进入端口1#设置端口类型为access#将端口0/0/1加入到vlan2配置vlan的IP地址注:缺省情况下所有端口都属于VLAN 1,并且端口是access端口,一个access端口只能属于一个vlan;如果端口是access端口,则把端口加入到另外一个vlan的同时,系统自动把该端口从原来的vlan中删除掉。11VLAN的划分及配置配置过程注释Quidwayinterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/48Quidway-Giga

11、bitEthernet0/0/48description to_zotyeQuidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/48port link-type trunkQuidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/48port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 to 25Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/48undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/48 speed 100 Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/48 duplex full #备注

12、说明#设置接为类型为TRUNK#允许VLAN10,20至25数据通过#将VLAN1过滤#设置接口速度及双工12静态路由的配置Network是目的网络或子网Mask是子网掩玛Address是下一跳路由器的ip地址Interface是用来访问目的网络的本地路由器的输出接口Preference 是一个可选参数,用来定义优先选择级别Permanent 是一个可选参数,用于确保某个路由不会被删除,即使是他的相关接口已经被关闭。Quidway ip route-static network mask address | interfacepreference permanentQuidway ip rou

13、te-static 54 13例子:划出4个 vlan 200 210 220 230分别配上IP:54/24;54/24;54/24;54/24把GigabitEthernet 0/0/40,GigabitEthernet 0/0/41,GigabitEthernet 0/0/42,GigabitEthernet 0/0/43分别加入到vlan中配置命令如下Quidwayvlan 200 #建vlanQuidwayvlan 210 Quidwayvlan 220 Quidwayvlan 230 Quidwayinterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/40 #进端口Quidw

14、ay-GigabitEthernet0/0/40port link-type access #设置端口类型Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/40port default vlan 200 #把端口加入到vlanQuidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/40undo shutdown #开启端口Quidwayinterface vlanif 200 # 进入vlan接口视图Quidway-Vlanif200ip address 54 #给vlan配置ip地址Quidwayinterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/41Quidway-Gigabit

15、Ethernet0/0/41port link-type access Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/41port default vlan 210Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/41undo shutdownQuidwayinterface vlanif 210Quidway-Vlanif210ip address 54 Quidwayinterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/42Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/42port link-type access Quidway-GigabitEthernet0

16、/0/42port default vlan 220Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/42undo shutdownQuidwayinterface vlanif 220Quidway-Vlanif220ip address 54 Quidwayinterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/43Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/43port link-type access Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/43port default vlan 230Quidway-GigabitEthernet0/0/43undo

17、shutdownQuidwayinterface vlanif 230Quidway-Vlanif230ip address 54 Quidwayip route-static 54 #配置静态(缺省)路由14简单的SNMP配置华为交换机的配置命令如下 snmp-agent #开启SNMP管理 snmp-agent community read public #public进行只读访问 snmp-agent community write private # private进行读写访问 snmp-agent sys-info version v2c #设置系统启用的SNMP版本号 snmp-a

18、gent target-host trap address udp-domain 53 params securityname huawei #设置接收Trap消息的目的地 snmp-agent trap enable basetrap #使能设备发送Trap报文以冰峰为例,为了使冰峰可以读取到三层交换机上的mac地址,所以我们需要简单的进行SNMP配置,冰峰IP地址为53,采用透明模式!15冰峰上的配置如下图所示16交换机使用注意事项序号注意项目1登录交换机时请注意在超级终端中流控选择“无”2启动时按”ctrl+B”可以进入到boot menu模式3当交换机提示”Please Press E

19、NTER”,敲完回车后请等待一下,设备需要一定的时间才能进入到命令行界面(具体的时间试产品而定)4进入系统视图请输入”system-view”(输入”sys”即可)5对使用的端口、vlan、interface vlan进行详细的描述6如果配置了telnet用户,一定要设置权限或配置super密码7在使用VRRP主备时,务必要打开STP生成树协议8使用别的产品模块前请确认该模块是否可以混用9配置acl时请注意掩码配置是否准确10二层交换机配置管理IP后,请确保管理vlan包含了管理报文到达的端口11配置完毕后请在用户视图下(即尖括号视图下)采用save命令保存配置12请确保在设备保存配置的时候不

20、掉电,否则可能会导致配置丢失13如果要清除所有配置,请在用户视图下(即尖括号视图下)采用reset saved-configuration,并重启交换机17华为与思科命令比较思科命令华为命令showdisplaynoundoexitquitwritesaveaccess-listaclReloadrebootLine vty 0 4user-interface vty 0 4router ospfospfrouter bgpbgprouter ripriphostnamesysnameuserlocal-usermodelink-typeshow rundisp current-configu

21、rationshow startdisp saved-configurationmultihybrid18Friendship the difference in China and the WestChinese except friendships to be more lasting.Different foundations for friendships.Westerns expect friends to be independent. Chinese usually expect more from their friends.19Chinese except friendshi

22、ps to be more lasting. For Chinese a true friendship endures throughout life changes. Chinese are friends even if they havent spoken for 20 years. If you shared something at one time, then all your life you are friends. This is the best of guanxi(关系), the Wide Web that connects Chinese through time

23、and space. So, we can say Chinese invented the Internet long before Bill Gates was born. In North America, even the relationship in which people feel close and tell each other personal problems may not survive life changes such as moving to another city, graduation from a university or marriage. If

24、the people do not see each other regularly, the relationship is likely to die.20Different foundations for friendships. Chinese friends share “ things in common”: a task, a class, the hometown. Friendships are formed by people who work or go to school together. You may or may not like the person, but

25、 if he or she can do something for you because of his position or job, you can be friends. But in North America, business and friendship are kept separate. The friendships are usually tied to specific activities. A person may have work friends and leisure (休闲时) activity friends. Also friends tend to

26、 have similar financial circumstances, because friendship in the West is based on equality.21Westerns expect friends to be independent. Why? Its because their friendship is mostly a matter of providing emotional support and spending time together, so they do not feel comfortable in a relationship in

27、 which one person is giving more and the other is dependent on what is giving. A westerner will respond to a friends trouble by asking “What do you want to do?” The idea is to help the friend to think out the problem and discover the solution he or she really wants and then to support the solution. Chinese friends give each other mo

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