高考非谓语动词考点预测-精讲版课件

1、2009年高考非谓语动词备考导航非谓语动词考点分析非谓语动词的句法作用及高考热点非谓语动词主语宾语表语定语宾补状语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词1.考查动名词作某些及物动词宾语的固定搭配。 1. (2007 江苏卷)Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _ here. A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking2. (2007 辽宁卷)You cant imagine what difficulty we had _home in the snowstorm. A. walked B.

2、walk C. to walk D. walking真题再现知识链接常用能接动名词的动词：admit, appreciate, avoid, advise, cant help, celebrate, consider, complete, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, practice, prevent, resist, risk, stop, suggest, unders

3、tand, allow等。 一、考查动词不定式、动名词作宾语的用法。2.考查动名词作短语动词和介词宾语的固定搭配。 (2008江苏卷)They are quiet, arent they? Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals. A. to talk B. to not talkC. to talking D. to not talking2. (2006重庆卷)Isnt it time you got down to _ the papers. A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking3. (2006江西

4、/改错)Im looking forward to hear from you soon. 真题再现知识链接1. 常见的短语动词有：leave off, put off, give up, cant help, cant stand, feel like, insist on, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent(from), keepfrom, stop(from), protectfrom, set about, be engaged in, spend(in), succeed in 等。 2. 下列短语中的to 为介词，后面只能接动名词或名词

5、：look forward to, be familiar to, oweto, put ones mind to, turn to, get down to, attributeto, live up to, in relation to, admit to, be devoted to, owing to, thanks to, object to, be accustomed to等。 hearing3.考查不定式作某些及物动词宾语的固定搭配。(2005天津卷) I dont want _like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the manager s

6、 plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded2. (2006北京卷) I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop真题再现知识链接常见的能接不定式作宾语的及物动词有：afford, agree,

7、ask, arrange, attempt, beg, begin, choose, claim, determine, decide， dare, desire, demand, expect, fail, forget, hate, hope, manage, intend, learn, help，like, long, mean, need, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, seek, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, seem, tend, threaten, volunteer, want, wish等。4.考查某些

8、动名词和不定式作宾语意义的差别。1. (2007 安徽卷)Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking2. (2006湖南卷)If you think that treating a woman well means always _ her permission for things, think again. A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting真

9、题再现知识链接接不定式或动名词意义有差别的动词：1.forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做); forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)2. remember to do sth.记着去做某事(未做); remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)3. stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事; stop doing sth.停止做正在做的某事4. regret to do sth.对尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遗憾; regret doing sth.对已做的事情表示后悔5. try to do sth努力去做某事; try doing st

10、h.做某事试一试6. mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事; mean doing sth.意味着做某事1. (2008上海卷) If theres a lot of work _, I am happy to just keep on until it is finished. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing 2. (2007 全国卷I)The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 真题再现知识链接二、考查不

11、定式,现在分词,过去分词作定语的用法。1.考查不定式作定语的用法 不定式作定语,不定式与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生。当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式一般用被动语态，但to blame的主动形式表示被动意义。 2.考查现在分词作定语的用法1.(2006上海春) There are hundreds of visitor _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings. A. waited B. to wait C

12、. waiting D. wait2. (2006辽宁卷)I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _Chinese in the school, most _were from Germany. A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom真题再现知识链接 现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。被修饰的名词就是该现在分词的逻辑主语，逻辑主语是现在分词表示的动作的执行者。单个现在分词作定语前置，

13、现在分词短语作定语后置。3.考查过去分词作定语的用法真题再现知识链接 过去分词作定语，表示完成或被动的动作,与被修饰名词为被动关系。被修饰名词是动词的宾语。过去分词做定语相当于一个含被动语态的定语从句。单个词放在所修饰词前，短语放在所修饰词后。 1. (2008上海卷) Throughout history, the language _ by a powerful group spreads across a civilization A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to be spoken2. (2008浙江卷)It is one of the f

14、unniest things _ on the Internet so far this year. A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found3. (2007 上海卷)The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. being completed三、考查不定式,现在分词,过去分词作宾补的用法。1. 考查动词不定式作宾语

15、补足语的常见搭配1. (2007北京卷) Excuse me sir,where is Room 301? Just a minute. Ill have Bob _you to your room. A.show B.shows C. to show D. showing2. (2008上海卷) Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced _their homes. A. leaving B. to leave C. to be left D. being left 真题再现知识链接1.需要不

16、定式作宾语补足语的动词：ask, advise, allow, beg, believe, call on, cause, command, direct, feel, expect, enable, encourage, force, get, hate, intend, invite, lead，like, order, permit, persuade, prefer，request, remind, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。2. 要求省掉不定式的to作宾补的动词：feel, have, hear, help, let, listen to, loo

17、k at, make, notice, observe, see, watch等。2. 考查现在分词作宾语补足语的常见搭配真题再现知识链接 以下动词可以接现在分词作宾补： see, hear, smell, feel, watch, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to, catch等表示感觉的动词，现在分词的动作与谓语同时发生或正在进行的动作。have, keep, get, set, send, leave等表示“致使”等意义的动词。1. (2008上海卷) My sister, an inexpensive rider, was found

18、sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it . A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried2. (2007 全国卷I) I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt3. (2007 上海卷)After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. A

19、. calling B. called C. being called D. to call3. 考查过去分词作宾语补足语的常见搭配真题再现知识链接1. (2005天津卷)You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _ often enough. A. explainingB. to explainC. explainD. explained 2. (2007 福建卷) Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written Engl

20、ish _in a short period. A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve过去分词作宾语补足语用于下列结构 ：1. keep/leave + 宾语 + 过去分词(表状态的动词)。2. have/get +宾语+过去分词: (A)让/请/叫某人做某事; (B)遭遇到某种不幸。(C)使某事完成。3. make + oneself +过去分词。常见的过去分词有：understood, known, heard，respected，noticed等。4.watch(notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, f

21、ind) +宾语+过去分词(强调宾语所处的状态)5. want (wish, like, expect, order) +宾语+过去分词。四、考查不定式,现在分词,过去分词作状语的用法。1. 考查动词不定式作目的状语的常见结构1. (2008北京卷)Did the book give the information you needed? Yes. But _ it, I had to read the entire book. A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding2. (2007 上海春) _the safety of gas, the go

22、vernment has checked the citys gas supply system thoroughly. ATo ensure BEnsuring CHaving ensured. DTo have ensured3. (2006广东卷)_ this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making真题再现考点说明只有不定式作目的状语，表示在谓语动词动作之后发生的动作。为了表示强调，不定式前加in order或so as.2. 考查不

23、定式, 分词作结果状语的常见结构真题再现考点说明1.不定式作结果状语的情况较少，主要出现在下列结构中：(1)tooto do结构; (2) .enough to do结构；(3) only / just to do(不料却)。近几年高考命题只考查only/just to do结构, 且是高考热点。2. 作结果状语的大多是分词，常在句末, 用逗号隔开。1.(2006陕西卷) He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to tell B. to be told C. tell

24、ing D. told 2. (2005山东卷)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US $57. 65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching3. (2005全国卷I) The storm left ,_a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having

25、caused3. 考查分词作原因、条件状语的常见结构1.(2008重庆卷) _ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed2. (2006福建卷)._for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed 3. (2007 浙江卷)_ by a gr

26、eater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven 真题再现考点说明1. 现在分词和过去分词都可作原因、条件状语。但现在分词表将来或主动，过去分词表完成和被动。表示原因，相当于because, since和 as引导的原因状语从句。表示条件，相当于if条件状语从句。2. 现在分词有时态和语态的变化，过去分词只有一般式。 4. 考查现在分词和过去分词作时间状语的基本用法真题再现考点说明1.(2006浙江卷)W

27、hen _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared2. (2008安徽卷) _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Havi

28、ng walked3. (2007 陕西卷）_that she didnt do a good job, I dont think I am abler than her. A. To have said B. Having said C. To say D. Saying 分词作时间状语，相当于when, before, while, after, since引导的时间状语从句。分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出。如果非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,则用现在分词。如果非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系,则用过去分词。现在分词有时态和语态的变化，而过去分词只有一般式。 5. 考查

29、现在分词和过去分词作方式或伴随状语的用法真题再现考点说明 1. (2008辽宁卷)He was busy writing a story, only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped2. (2006全国卷II) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. A. th

30、inking B. think C. to think D. thought3. (2006安徽卷)My cousin came to see me from the country, _me a full basket of fresh fruits. A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought4. (2007 重庆卷)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had f

31、inished D. were finished 现在分词和过去分词作方式或伴随状语是高考考查的重点和热点。特别是历年全国卷中现在分词作方式状语的用法几乎年年考查。五、考查非谓语动词的特殊句型及其它用法。1. 考查“S + is said to do/to have done.”句型1. (2007 辽宁卷)The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. A. breaking B. having broke

32、n C. to have broken D. break2. (2005江苏卷)Is Bob still performing? Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official. A. to have leftB. to leaveC. to have been leftD. to be left3. (2006湖北卷)AIDS is said _ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the p

33、ast few years. A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been真题再现知识链接句型“It is + said/believed/supposed/known/etc.+ that-clause” 可以转换为 “S + is said/believe/supposed/known + to do/to have done”。当不定式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时或之后发生，不定式用一般式，当不定式表示的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生，不定式用完成式。2. 考查“情感类使动词”的-ing和-ed形式作形容词的区别真题

34、再现知识链接 情感类使动词的现在分词形式用来说明事物或人的特征或性质，常修饰说明表示物的名词。过去分词形式用来指人的感觉或所处的状态，常修饰表示人或人的表情的名词。1. (2007 江苏卷)He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest2. (2006天津卷)A good story does not necessarily have to have a

35、happy ending, but the reader _ must not be left. A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied3. (2006四川卷)Did you enjoy yourself at the party . Yes. Ive never been to _ one before. A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most exciting真题再现知识链接1. (2007 四川卷) The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day. A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water2. (2008北京卷) _ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like th