水轮机专用中英文对照术语

1、。水轮机专用中英文对照术语(2008-11-26 11:31:58)标签：杂谈一般术语2.1水力机械 hydraulic machinery2.2水轮机 hydraulic turbine2.3蓄能泵 storage pump2.4水泵水轮机 reversible turbine， pump-turbine2.5旋转方向 direction of rotation2.6机组 unit2.13立式、卧式和倾斜式机组vertical， horizontal and inclined unit2.14可调式水力机械regulated hydraulic machinery2.15不可调式水力机械no

2、n-regulated hydraulic machinery2.16主阀 main valve3.1水轮机3.1.1反击式水轮机reaction turbine3.1.2混流式水轮机Francis turbine，mixed-flow turbine3.1.3轴流式水轮机axial turbine3.1.4 轴流转桨式水轮机 Kaplan turbine ，axial-flow adjustable blad propeller turbine3.1.5轴流调桨式水轮机Thoma turbine3.1.6轴流定桨式水轮机Propeller turbine3.1.7贯流式水轮机tubular

3、turbine， through flow turbine3.1.8灯泡式水轮机bulb turbine。1。3.1.9竖井贯流式水轮机 pit turbine3.1.10全贯流式水轮机 straight flow turbine，rim-generator unit3.1.11轴伸贯流式水轮机（ S 形水轮机） tubularturbine （S type turbine）3.1.12斜流式水轮机 diagonal turbine3.1.13斜流转桨式水轮机 Deriaz turbine3.1.14斜流定桨式水轮机fixed blade of Deriaz turbine3.1.15冲击式水

4、轮机impuls turbine，action turbine3.1.16水斗式水轮机Pelton turbine，scoop turbine3.1.17斜击式水轮机inclined jet turbine3.1.18双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine3.2蓄能泵3.2.1混流式（离心式）蓄能泵 centrifugalstorage pump，mixed-flow storagepump3.2.2轴流式蓄能泵 propeller storage pump，axial storage pump3.2.3斜流式蓄能泵 diagonal storage pump3.2.4多级式蓄能泵

5、multi-stage storage pump3.3水泵水轮机（又称可逆式水轮机）3.3.1单级水泵水轮机singal stage pump-turbine3.3.2多级水泵水轮机multi-stage pump-turbine3.4主阀与阀门3.4.1蝴蝶阀butterfly valve3.4.2平板蝶阀 biplane butterfly valve， through flow butterfly valve。2。3.4.3圆筒阀 cylindrical valve， ring gate3.4.4球阀 rotary valve，spherical valve3.4.5盘形阀 mushro

6、om valve ， hollow-cone valve， howell-Bunger valve3.4.6针形阀 needle valve3.4.7旁通阀 by-pass valve3.4.8直空破坏阀 vacuum break valve结构部件4.1混流式水轮机4.1.1埋入部件 embedded component4.1.2引水室（ turbine）flume4.1.3蜗壳 spiral case4.1.4座环 stay ring4.1.5固定导叶stay vane4.1.6蜗壳鼻端 spiral case nose4.1.7基础环 foundation ring，discharge

7、ring4.1.8尾水管 draft tube4.1.9锥形尾水管 conical draft tube4.1.10肘形尾水管 elbow draft tube4.1.11尾水管锥管 draft tube cone4.1.12尾水管肘管 draft tube elbow4.1.13尾水管扩散段draft tube outlet part4.1.14尾水管支墩 draft tube pier。3。4.1.15尾水管里衬 draft tube liner4.1.16机坑里衬 pit liner4.1.17导水机构 distributor4.1.18顶盖 headcover ， top cover4

8、.1.19底环 bottom ring ， bottom cover4.1.20导叶 guide vane ， wicket gate4.1.21控制环 regulating ring，operating ring4.1.22导叶臂 guide vane lever， wicket gate lever4.1.23分半键 split key4.1.24导叶连杆 guide vanelink， wicket gate link4.1.25导叶过载保护装置 guide vane overload protection device4.1.26剪断销 shear pin4.1.27摩擦装置 fric

9、tion device4.1.28导叶轴承 guide vane bearing4.1.29导叶止推轴承 guide vane thrust bearing4.1.30导叶轴密封 guide vane stem seal4.1.31导叶端面密封 guide vane end seal4.1.32导叶立面密封 guide vane seal4.1.33抗磨板 facing plates，wear plates4.1.34导叶限位块 guide vane stop block4.1.35导叶接力器 guide vane servomotor4.1.36单导叶接力器 individual guide

10、 vane servomotor。4。4.1.37推拉杆 push and pull rod，connecting rod4.1.38调速轴 regulating shaft4.1.39均压管 balance pipe4.1.40转动部件 rotating component4.1.41转轮 runner4.1.42叶片 blade4.1.43上冠 crown4.1.44下环 band4.1.45泄水锥 runner cone4.1.46转轮密封装置 runner seal4.1.47转轮止漏环 runner wearing ring4.1.48固定止漏环 stationary wearing

11、 ring4.1.49转轮减压板 decompression plate4.1.50主轴 main shaft4.1.51导轴承 guide bearing4.1.52轴领 guide bearing collar4.1.53轴瓦 guide bearing shoe4.1.54轴承体 guide bearing housing4.1.55主轴密封装置 main shaft seal4.1.56检修密封 stand still seal4.1.57联轴螺栓 coupling bolt4.2轴流式水轮机和斜流式水轮机。5。4.2.1转轮室 runner chamber4.2.2内顶盖（支持盖）i

12、nner head cover，inner top cover4.2.3转轮体 runner hub4.2.4转叶机构 mechanism of runner blade4.2.5叶片枢轴 runner blade trunnion4.2.6转臂 ( 导叶臂 ) rocker arm4.2.7连杆 link4.2.8操作架 crosshead4.2.9转轮叶片接力器runner blade servomotor4.2.10协联装置 combination device4.2.11受油器 oil head4.5蓄能泵4.5.1吸水管 suction tube4.5.2叶轮 impellerimp

13、el?4.5.3轮叶 impeller blade，impeller vane4.5.4叶轮后盖 impeller backshroud ?raud4.5.5叶轮前盖 impeller front shroud4.5.6蜗室 spiral housing4.5.7扩散管 diffuserdifju:z?(r)性能参数 performance parameter5.1比能。6。5.1.1比能 specific energy单位质量流体所具有的机械能，是位置比能、压力比能和速度比能的总和。5.1.2位置比能potential energy5.1.3压力比能 pressure energy5.1.4

14、速度比能 velocity energy5.2水头5.2.1位置水头 potential head5.2.2压力水头 pressure head5.2.3速度水头 velocity head5.2.4总水头 head5.2.5毛水头 gross head5.2.6净水头 net head5.2.7额定水头 rated head5.2.8设计水头 design head5.2.9最大（最小）水头 maximum（ minimum）head5.2.10加权平均水头 weighted average head5.2.11蓄能泵扬程 storage pump head5.2.12蓄能泵零流量扬程 no

15、-discharge head of storage pump5.2.13蓄能泵最大（最小）扬程 maximum（minimum） head of storage pump5.3流量5.3.1水轮机流量 turbine discharge，turbine flow rate5.3.2蓄能泵流量 storage pump discharge，storage pump flow rate。7。5.3.3额定流量 rated discharge5.3.4水轮机空载流量no-load discharge of turbine5.3.5蓄能泵最大（最小）流量maximum（minmum） storage

16、 pump discharge5.4转速5.4.1额定转速 rated speed5.4.2水轮机飞逸转速runaway speed of surbine5.4.3 蓄能泵水泵水轮机的泵工况反向飞逸转速 reverse runaway speed of storage pump5.5压力5.5.1表计压力（简称为压力）gauge pressure5.5.2环境压力（或大气压）atmpspheric pressure5.5.3绝对压力 absolute pressure5.5.4汽化压力 vapour pressure5.6功率5.6.1水轮机输入功率 turbine input power5.

17、6.2水轮机输出功率 turbine output power5.6.3水轮机额定输出功率 rated output power of turbine5.6.4蓄能泵的输出功率 storage pump output power5.6.5蓄能泵的输入功率 storage pump input power5.6.6蓄能泵最大输入功率 rated input power of storage pump5.6.7蓄能泵零流量功率 no-discharge input power of storage pump5.6.8蓄能泵最小输入功率 minimum input power of storage

18、pump。8。5.6.9转轮输出功率 output power of runner5.6.10叶轮输入功率 input power of impeller5.6.11转轮输入功率 input power of runner5.6.12叶轮输出功率 output power of impeller5.7效率5.7.1效率 efficiency5.7.2水轮机机械效率mechanical efficiency of turbine5.7.3蓄能泵机械效率mechanical efficiency of storage pump5.7.4水轮机水力效率hydraulic efficiency of

19、turbine5.7.5蓄能泵水力效率hydraulic efficiency of storage pump5.7.6相对效率 relative efficiency5.7.7加权（算术）平均效率weighted （ arithmetic）average efficiency5.7.8积分平均效率planimetric average efficiency5.8空化和空蚀5.8.1空化 cavitation5.8.2空蚀 cavitation erosion5.8.3水轮机空化系数 cavitation factor of turbine， cavitation coefficientof

20、turbine5.8.4蓄能泵空化系数 cavitation factor of storage pump， cavitationcoefficient of storage pump5.8.5临界空化系数 critical cavitation factor5.8.6初生空化系数 incipient cavitation factor， cavitation inceptionfactor ， initial cavitation factor。9。5.8.7电站空化系数 plant cavitation factor5.8.8吸出高度 static suction of turbine5.

21、8.9吸入高度 static suction of storage pump5.8.10蓄能泵吸入扬程损失 suction head loss of storage pump5.8.11蓄能泵空化余量（ NPSH）（蓄能泵净吸上扬程） net positive suction headof storage pump5.8.12安装高程 setting elevation5.8.13空化裕量 cavitation margin5.9暂态过程5.9.1过渡过程 transient5.9.2调节保证 regulating guarantee5.9.3水锤 water hammer5.9.4初始压力

22、initial pressure5.9.5水轮机最大瞬态压力 maximum momentary pressure of turbine5.9.6瞬态压力变化率 momentary pressure variation ratio5.9.7初始转速 initial speed5.9.8水轮机最大瞬态转速 maximum momentary overspeed of turbine5.9.9蓄能泵水泵水轮机的泵工况的最大瞬态反向转速momentarycounterrotation speed of storage pumppump-condition of pump-turbine5.9.10瞬

23、态转速变化率 momentary speed variation ratio渗道参数6.1转轮（叶轮）公称直径runner （impeller）diameter6.2叶片开口 blade opening。10。6.3叶片正（背）面pressure （ suction ） side of blade6.4叶片进（出）水边leading（trailing） edge6.5叶片转角 blade rotating angle6.6叶片倾角 blade tilt angle6.7叶片安放角 blade angle6.8蜗壳包角 nose angle6.9导叶高度 guide vane height6.1

24、3肘形尾水管深度depth of elbow draft tube6.14节圆直径 pitch diameter6.15 射流直径 jet diameter6.16 射流直径比jet ratio6.17射流入射角 jet inclined angle6.18射流椭圆 ellipsed of inclined jet（ when reaching the wheel vane）试验方面7.1试验类型7.1.1原型（机） proto type7.1.2模型（机） model7.1.3验收试验 acceptance test7.1.4装配试验 assembly test7.1.5模型试验 model

25、 test7.1.6性能试验 performance test7.1.7特性试验 characteristic test。11。7.1.8飞逸试验 runaway speed test7.1.9力特性试验 force characteristic test7.1.10负载试验 load test7.1.11甩负荷试验 load rejection test7.1.12耐压试验 pressure test7.1.13效率试验 efficiency test7.1.14空化试验 cavitation,k? vitei?n test7.1.15压力脉动试验pressure fluctuation test7.1.16补气试验 air admission ?dmi ?n test7.1.17水轮机功率试验turbine output test7.2运行工况 operation condition7.2.1（运行）工况operating condition7.2.2最优工况 optimum operating condition7.2.3飞逸工况 runaway speed operating condition7.2.4空载工况 no-load operating condition7.2.5相似工况 simila