高一英语上册知识点

1、高一英语知识点总结(上册重点词组:fondof喜爱,爱好-ing形式。例如:Hes fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。Areyoufondoffreshvegetables.? Heisfondofhisresearchwork.huntforlookfor寻找IhavefoundthebookIwashuntingfor.我找到了那本我在找的书。huntforajob找工作inorderto,soastoinorderto可放soastoinordernotto/soasnotto.:He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend a

2、n important meeting.Inordertobenoticed,heshoutedandwavedtous.careabout喜欢,对careforShe doesnt care about money.她不喜欢钱。careforShe thinks only of herself. She doesnt care about other people.她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。在乎,在意(接从句或不接任何成分These young people care nothing about what old people might say.这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。sucha

3、s意为“诸如”,“像是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.像物理、化学。drop*aline写封短信7make yourself at home 别客气;随便;无拘束(1IfyougettomyhousebeforeIdo,helpyourselftoadrinkandmakeyourselfat home.如果你在我之前到我家,自己喝点饮料,随便一点。8、 stay up 不睡;熬夜(1 Ill be late home, dont stay up for me.我将回家很晚,不要等我了。(2

4、 He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9、 come about 引起;发生;产生(1 How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的?(2 They didnt know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10、exceptfor除之外(1 except except for except 的一项。如:He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个,他

5、回答了所有问题。We go there every day except Sunday.除了星期天,我们天天去那里。(2 except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如:Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太,这辆公共汽车全空了。Your picture is good except for the colours.你的画儿很好,只是某些色彩有问题。(3 但在现代英语中except for except He answered all the questions except for the last one.(4另外,

6、exceptexceptfor。如Wegotobed beforeten,exceptinthesummer.除了夏季,我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11、 end up with 以告终;以结束(1 The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12moreorless几乎;差不多;大约;大概;(1Ivemoreorlesssucceeded,buttheyhavent.我差不多成功了,而他们没有。(2 Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13、 bri

7、ng in 引进;引来;吸收(1 We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。(2 He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14getaway(from逃离(1 The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。(2Icaughtareallybigfishbutitgotaway. 我钓到了一条好大的鱼,可是它逃掉了。15watch out (for 注意;留心(1 Watch out! There is a c

8、ar coming.小心!汽车来了。(2 Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16、 see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17ontheotherhand另一方面(用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等,ontheone hand on the other hand 一方面另一方面Iknowthisjobofmineisntwellpaid,butontheotherhandIdonthavetowork long

9、 hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高,但从另一方面来说,我也不必工作太长时间。18、 as well as * (sth 而且He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19take place take ones place 入座、站好位置、取得地位takesbsplacetaketheplaceof*/sth代替、取代TheOlympicGamestakeplace/areheldeveryfouryears.20on fire burning, 意为“燃烧着火起火Catch fire

10、有动态的含意。Set on fire / set fire to 用来表示“使着火”、“放火烧”。 例如:Look,thetheatreisonfire!Letsgoandhelp.瞧,剧院着火了,21、 on holiday 在度假,在休假中WhenIwasonholiday,Ivisitedmyuncle.我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。holiday(holidays一般指“休假”TomandIaregoingtohaveaholiday.我和汤姆准备去度假。Ivealreadyhadmyholidaysthisyear.我今年已经度过假了。22travelagencyAbusinessth

11、atattendstothedetailsoftransportation,itinerary,and accommodationsfortravelers.业Also called: travelbureau23takeoff1(Hetookoffhiswetshoes.2(飞机起飞Theplanetookoffontime.Itwasasmoothtake-off.3 匆匆离开Thesixmengotintothecarandtookoffforthepark.这六个人上了车匆匆离开去公园。gowrongv.inalladv.总共stayawayv.外出lookup查询(如宾语为代词,则代

12、词放中间Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词。相关词组:lookfor寻找lookafter照顾,照料lookforwardto 期待lookinto调查; look on旁观look out注意look out for注意,留心,提防look over翻阅,查看,检查lookaround环视lookthrough翻阅,28runafter追逐,追求Ifyourunaftertwohares,youwillcatchneither.同时追两只兔子,29、 on the air 广播We will be on the air in five min

13、utes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。Thisprogrammecomesontheairatthesametimeeveryday.30think highly/well/much of 对对印象好Hewashighlythoughtofbythemanager.经理对他非常赞赏。I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。think badly/nothing/little/lowly of好觉得不怎么样I dont think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。leaveout1Youmadeamistak

14、eYouveleftoutaletter“t”你出错了 t.2 I havent changed or left out a thing.stareat由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴,睁大眼睛地凝视,盯着看Dontstareatforeigners.Itsimpolite.不要盯着外国人看,at(tostareangrilyat怒视着这两个小男孩互相怒视着,随时准备开战。makejokesabout就说笑They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。have a joke with about 跟某人开关于某事的玩笑。Hestoppedtohaveajok

15、ewithme.playajokeon开某人的玩笑We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。v.jokeaboutTheyjokedaboutmybrokenEnglish.takeover接管;接替;继承whatisgoodandstillusefulshouldbetakenover.Ourchairmanhasleft,soJackwilltakeover(hisjob.我们的主席走了因此杰克将接管(他的工作。break1破坏;拆散Chemicalsinthebodybreakourfooddownintousefulsubstances.人体中的化学

16、元素把食物分解成有用的物质。Thepeacetalksaresaidtohavebrokendown.(Ourtruckbrokedownoutsidetown.Thecarbrokedownhalfwaytothedestination.失败;Their opposition broke down.4精神崩溃;Hebrokedownandwept.他不禁失声痛哭。5Foodisbrokendownbychemicals.47、get on ones feet站起来发言(=standononesfeet经济上独立(48gothrough经历;经受;遭到Thesecountrieshavegon

17、e/beenthroughtoomanywars.完成;Ididntwanttogothroughcollege.我不想上完大学。通过;ThelawhasgonethroughParliament.Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。全面检查;搜查Theywentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.takeover接管;接替;继承whatisgoodandstillusefulshouldbetakenover.Ourchairmanhasleft,soJackwilltakeover(hisjob.我们的主席走了因此杰克将接管(他

18、的工作。break1破坏;拆散Chemicalsinthebodybreakourfooddownintousefulsubstances.人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。Thepeacetalksaresaidtohavebrokendown.(Ourtruckbrokedownoutsidetown.Thecarbrokedownhalfwaytothedestination.失败;Theiroppositionbrokedown.他们的反对意见打消了。精神崩溃;Hebrokedownandwept.他不禁失声痛哭。Foodisbrokendownbychemicals.47、ge

19、t on ones feet站起来发言(=standononesfeet经济上独立(48gothrough经历;经受;遭到Thesecountrieshavegone/beenthroughtoomanywars.完成;Ididntwanttogothroughcollege.我不想上完大学。通过;ThelawhasgonethroughParliament.Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。全面检查;搜查Theywentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.:“Sobe/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的,“So”代替上句中的某

20、个成分。如果上面一句是否定句,则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/+主语”的结构。例如 Hes tired, and so am I. (=I m also tired.You can swim, and so can I. (=I can also swim.She has had supper, and so can I. (=Ive had lunch, too .TomspeaksEnglish,andsodoeshissister.(=HissisterspeaksEnglish,too. A:Iwenttotheparkyesterday.B: So did I. (=

21、I also went to the park yesterday.“So+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序so相当于indeed,certainly, ,语气较强意思是“确实如此”。A:It was cold yesterday.B:Soitwas.(=Yesitwas.A:Youseemtolikesports. B:SoIdo.(=Yes,Ido.A:Itwillbefinetomorrow. B:Soitwill.(=Yes,it“+do/does/didso”doso代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复。MyChineseteachertoldmetohandinm

22、ycompositionontimeandIdidso.(=I handed inmy composition on time. 语文老师叫我按时交作文 , 我照办了。SoitiswithItisthesamewith“(”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情况,必须使 用本句型,不能使用 引起的倒装句。She doesnt play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.5、 There you are. 行了,好。这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如Thereyouare!Then

23、letshavesomecoffee.除此之外,还可以表示“瞧,对吧(果然如此”的语气。例如Thereyouare!Iknewweshouldfinditatlast.对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。6、 have some difficulty (in doing sth.干某事有困难;接名词时,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth. Do you have any difficulty (in understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗?She said she had some difficulty with pronunciati

24、on.她说她在发音方面有困难。7、 have a good knowledge of sth.“掌握”,“对有某种程度的了解”He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。A good knowledge of languages is always useful.8Treeaftertreewentown,cutdownbythewater,whichmusthavebeenthree metresdeep.一棵又一棵的树被水冲倒、冲断。那水肯定有三米深。musthave过去分词”表示对已发生事情的猜测。在英语中mustmaycan Must意为“肯定

25、”,may为“可能”“也许Can 意为“肯定”、“也许”,Mustmaycan,其后面可跟三种不同的动词形式:1 跟动词原形表示对现在事 情的猜测;2bedoing表示对正在发生事情的猜测3havedone情的猜测。例如:HelenisLucysgoodfriend.ShemustknowLucyse-mail.Wecanhearloudvoicesinthemeetingroom.Theymustbequarrelling.我们可以听到会议室很吵。他们肯定在吵架。ImetJeffatthegateamomentago.HecanthavegonetoAustralia.我刚才还在大门口见过杰

26、夫。他不可能去了澳大利亚。9WeiBintookoutsomepeanutsanditwasfuntoseethemonkeyeatfromhis hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很有趣。fun “好玩,趣事”,不可数名词,前面不加不定冠词 a 。Youre sure to have some fun at the party tonight. makefunof“取笑”,“嘲弄”Peoplemakefunofhimonlybecauseheiswearing suchastrange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj可笑的滑稽的

27、”He looks very funny in his fathers jacket. 他穿着他父亲的衣服,看上去很滑稽。10、Manypeoplewhosawthefilmwereafraidtoswiminthesea许多看过这部电影的人都不敢在海里游。afraid 用法说明:/物,如:beafraidof*/sth不敢做某事,如:beafraidtodosth/ofdoingsth Heisafraidtogoout/ofgoingoutaloneatnight.beafraidofdoingsthbeafraidthatclauseHeseldomstandsontheriverban

28、kbecauseheisafraidoffallingintotheriver. Heseldomstandsontheriverbankbecauseheisafraidthathemightfallintothe river.Imafraid:Im afraid Ive got bad news for you.Im afraid I cant agree with you.11Itispolitetofinisheatingeverythingonyourplate.这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,tofinisheatingeverythingit形式主语。12I wish you a

29、ll the best.wishwish*sth,mayMay * do sth :May you succeed.13Wherethereisariver,thereisacity.有河流的地方就有城市。Where在这里引导的是地点状语从句,in/at/totheplacewhere从句 9 定语从句,意思是“在地方”。 例如:Wherethereissmoke,thereisfire.无风不起浪;事出有因。He lives where the climate is mild.14Strong,proud,andunited,thepeopleofStPetersburgarethemode

30、rnheroesof Russia圣彼得堡人民坚强不屈、充满自豪、团结一致,他们是俄罗斯当代的英雄。Strong,proud,andunited为前置定语在这里相当于一个非限制性定语从句:ThepeopleofStPetersburg,whoarestrong,proud,andunited,arethemodern heroesof Russia . 当主语比较短时,这类短语常常放在句首。Congratulations!是一句祝贺用语,复数形式出现表达特定含义的名词有:manners礼貌:Heisalittleboywithgoodmanners.regards:Pleasesendmyre

31、gardstoyourparents.EveryfouryearsathletesfromallovertheworldtakepartintheOlympicGames.没四年,世界各地的运动员们都要参加奥运会。“every + 基数词 + 时间 / 距离单位”词表示“每多少时间 / 距离”。 如:everyfivedayseverythreehourseverytenmetres每十公尺类似表达形式还有:every fifth day, every third hour“每隔一天”的表达形式有:everysecondday,everytwodays,everyotherday.17Mode

32、rncellphonesaremorethanjustphonestheyareusedascamerasand radios,andtosende-mailorsurftheInternet.现代的手机不仅仅是电话机use A as B 把 A 用作 B 。 例如:Inancienttimes,peopleusedstonesastoolsforfarming.在古代,工具。use sth to do sth 用某物来做某事。 例如:In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.在古代,人们用石头来捕杀动物获取食物

33、。18Theanswerseemstobethatwehaveaneedtostayintouchwithfriendsand familynomatterwhereweareorwhatwearedoing.答案似乎是:seem似乎,好像,其用法及搭配有:seem + adj., 如:This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.这个问题看似复杂,其实很简单。seem to doIseemtohaveseenhimsomewherebefore.Itseemsthat,It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。It seems as if ,It seems as if its going to rain.看来快要下雨了。no matter 无论,不管,后面常跟疑问词引导的从句,evernomatterwhat=whatever;nomatterwhere=wherever;nomatter how=however;nomatterwhen=whenever例如:Nomatter