阅读填空专题 完整版课件

1、 阅读填空 专题指导云溪一中高三英语组 梅双红阅读填空专题指导云溪一中高三英语组：李巨澜考纲解读湖南省高考英语试题已经在书面表达部分增加了填空题阅读填空，目的是扩展对考生在语言知识及运用能力方面的考核。阅读填空是读与写的综合。该题型既考查考生快速获取信息的能力，又考查考生组织信息和表达信息的能力，也就是新课标倡导的核心综合语言运用能力。这种能力是一个人在进行学习、科研等活动过程中不可缺少的。命题规律 阅读填空是考场学生阅读信息材料、收集整理直接与间接信息以及准确表达信息的能力。它要求考生不但能够运用基本的语法知识、熟练掌握教学大纲和考纲要求的相关单词及词组，而且还必须具备一定的理解和表达能力。

2、它虽然属于主观试题，考查的却是综合运用语言的能力。该题型体现了高考改革创新的趋势。 命题规律 阅读填空是考查学生阅读信息材料、收集整理直接与间接信息以及准确表达信息的能力。它要求考生不仅能够运用基本的语法知识、熟练掌握教学大纲和考纲要求的相关单词及词组，而且还必须具备一定的理解和表达能力。它虽然属于主观试题，考查的却是综合运用语言的能力。该题型体现了高考改革创新的趋势。答题原则1）三字信息原则：每空不得超过3个单词。2）语法形式一致性原则：横纵栏目内的表述在语法上要一致。例如，要么都是介词短语，要么都是名词短语，要么都是动词-ing形式等。3）概括针对性原则：概括词在最大限度上覆盖行和列的信息

3、。4）信息一致性原则：横纵栏目内表达的信息要一致。5）忠于原文原则：答案不唯一，但要忠于原文，即如果能够在原文中找到相关信息表达要点，那么尽可能用原词。应对策略1。直接信息题。考查考生检查信息的能力，直接从文章中找到答题信息，且不需更改文章中的表达方式。2。归纳概括题（1）标题归纳题：根据文章主旨句大多出现在三个位置：文首、文中和文末的特点，可有意识地从上述三个位置找到文章主题句，再加以准确概括，确定语篇标题。 （2）段落归纳题：根据相应行列或横纵框架的内容选用概括词最大限度覆盖行、列或相应框架的全部信息。要注意所用的概括词既不能太大，也不能太具体，要量体裁衣，大小合适。3。 组织信息题。 这

4、类题从文章中也可以直接找到信息，但为了不违背答题的三字信息原则，需要转换文章中的表达方式。常见的转换方式有： （1）转换词性。例如动词转换为名词，名词转换为动词或形容词，名词或形容词转换为动词等。例如：2007年高考湖南卷82 题，根据信息句“On the other,students expectations have risen.”将动词risen转换为名词，确定答案为：Rise in expectations. (2) 用名词所有格 “ s”代替of 所有格。 （3）后置定语、补语等转化为前置定语。例如将定语从句转化为前置定语，用名词、形容词、分词作前置定语等。例如07年湖南卷84题，根

5、据信息句They are trying to make living conditions better将宾补better转化为前置定语，确定答案为Bettering living conditions. (4) 省略次要信息，提炼关键信息。例如：07年湖南卷78、79 题，根据信息句Staying alongside host families enables students to get enough practice for the short time of their studying so that their language acquisition is likely to

6、become faster提炼关键信息，确定78题答案为Possibly becoming faster；根据信息句Living in host families also has the advantage for students of being able to spend a lot of time communicating with their “host parents”提炼关键信息，确定79题答案为Communicating with hosts. (5) 意义理解转换。 例如07年湖南卷80题，理解信息句It attracts students for it ensures

7、them a family type of living at a low cost.将living at a low cost 转化为Cost of living.再如，理解句子Hanks never stayed at a place long enough to make good friends.可转化为Hanks had no good friends.Read Passage One and then fill in the following form in seven minutes.Read Passage One and then fill in the following

8、 form in seven minutes. When you are doing business in Argentina, either with the government or the private enterprises, the bargains play a very important part. Interview may be the best way to do business, because telephone service is not so good in Argentina, and people prefer to have a face-to-f

9、ace talk with his associate. If you insist on using phones, you may fail. And another thing is that, book your time before your business visit. Most of the Argentines are descendants of a European, especially from Britain and Italy. People in political circles and business circles spend much time on

10、 clothing. They have good manners. So, be careful of your appearance. Gentlemen had better put on conservative business suits and have ties. Attending a formal bender and banquet, wearing deep color clothes should be good. Meanwhile, ladies should be decent; a suit or a long skirt is good. These rul

11、es are the same with the visitors from other places. Foreigners are used to judging one from his clothes. If you wear untidy, they must have an inappreciative conclusion. Clothes are the base of their judgments. So, when you visit a company of a department, even you have a visit to your merchant, yo

12、u need to wear business suit. The color of the suit is important. The grey color is unpopular, as it feels gloomy. Wearing this to have a visit, you will leave very bad impression. Another noticeable thing is, the popular packing colors are yellow, green and red, as black, purple and purple-brown mu

13、st be careful. The argentines are like the Europeans. Beef, hotpot and pork are their favorite, and they treat baking complete animals as their traditional food. The Argentine businessmen like to invite the associates to their home. The authentic Argentine beef must be on the table. As a guest, when

14、 you have an invitation, it must be wonderful if you take some flowers or candies with you, a bottle of imported whisky is also the best present. Never take a T-shirt or a tie. Argentines dont like to accept these underclothes. From May to November, it is the best time to do business. And avoid havi

15、ng interviews two weeks before and after Christmas Day and Easter Day. Holiday time begins in January and finishes in March. These are the right time to do business with Argentines.76._ Doings and Taboos in ArgentinaBusiness Aspects Dos77_ BargainsTo interview your business partner. To make78_before

16、 your business visit.Just depend on telephones.Pay a(n)79_visit. 80_Gentlemen To wear conservative 81_. Ladies Have on suits or long skirts. Wear 82_Color for clothesYellow, 83_ clothes makes you well-receivedTo be in grey color.To be in black, purple and purple-brown. FoodBeef, hotpot and pork.84_N

17、ot mentioned TimeTo arrange business: From May to NovemberFrom 85_To arrange business:Two weeks before and after Christmas Day and Easter Day.Donts/Taboosappointmentsunexpected/ unbooked /suddenAppearancesuits with tiesuntidygreen and redbaked complete animalsJanuary to MarchRead Passage Two and the

18、n fill in the following form in six minutes:Title: QRIO Or First Running RobotRead Passage Two and then fill in the following form in six minutes.Title:QRIO Or First Running RobotWatch out! QRIO, Sonys robot, is a few steps ahead of you. It can dance and kick a football, and it is the worlds first “

19、running” robot. Until now robots could not run because they needed one foot on the floor at all times to remain stable. That all changed when Sonys technology allowed QRIO to run. QRIO might be the worlds first “running” robot, but it wont win in a race. The robots run is more like a jog. At 23 inch

20、es tall and weighing 15 pounds, QRIO can travel 46 feet per minute, which is about 0.5mph. If QRIO were an average human size, it would run a mile in 40 minutes. (Many humans can run a mile in about 10 minutes.) And if QRIO falls, it will get right back up. QRIO is programmed to check its position a

21、fter a fall. It then turns itself face up and stands up again. QRIO can recognize peoples faces and voices. It has a special builtin camera that takes a picture when meeting people. It examines the pictures and remembers people.QRIO even expresses feelings through movements, conversation, and the us

22、e of its lights. QRIO is a quite friendly robot. If you meet the robot, it will ask you what kinds of things you like and dont like. QRIO remembers all of the facts, so it can have more conversations with you. The robot already knows tens of thousands of words, but can always learn more. Dont get to

23、o excited. This high-tech robot wont be racing to your house any time soon. Sony says it has no immediate plans to sell QRIO.76_77._ 78_ 23 inches 15 pounds79_ RunningOther functions TypesWays and steps . Getting right back up after 80_. Checking its position.Turning itself face up.Standing up again

24、 81_.84._pictures.Remembering people82._.Movements.Conversations.85_.Dancing.Kicking a football.83_ No descriptionSizeHeightWeightUnique/Special functiona fallRecognizing peopleExpressing feelingsLearning wordsTaking and examiningUse of lightsRead passage Three and fill in the following form in eigh

25、t minutes:Read Passage Three and then fill in the following form in eight minutes.Title: 76_Left-behind children -Children are left in the care of others with their parents 77_ Number 20 million78._.Suffering from more psychological problems.79_.More likely to commit crimesDifficultiesFacing difficu

26、lties with 80 _ and morality The “Same Sky “ campaign81_82_83_To develop a support network for left-behind childrenThe Educational MinistryNot MentionedThe Finance MinistryUrging local governments to 84_ to take care of such childrenThe Justice MinistryResearching ways to make parents more responsib

27、le for their childrens welfareGrassroots civil affairs departments85_for such childrenChinas Left-behind ChildrenWorking in cities /outsideProblemsPerforming more poorlyHealth,education,psychologyGoalGovernment bodiesDutiesSet aside fundsPromoting community servicePassage Four Try to finish it in se

28、ven minutes.Passage FourTry to finish it in seven minutes.About Two Types of PeopleTypes of peopleDifferences 76_ The HappyFixing their attention on 77_ of thingsEqual degree of 78_ and other comforts of lifeThe UnhappyThink and speak only of 79_.80_ about the unhappy Situation82_84_souring the plea

29、sure of society.growing into a habit.having bad effects on their interests and tastes.nobody loves them.no one treats them with 83_.change this bad habit.be pleased with what is pleasing.85_ about themselves and others.offending many people81_Similaritiesthe conveniencehealth and wealththe opposite

30、thingsAnalysisMaking themselves disagreeableResultsTips/Advice/ Suggestionspoliteness and respectdontt worry needlessly Tips 1、浏览表格格式 (table-scanning)2、查看留空位置( blank-spotting)3、搜索填空信息(info-selecting)4、精选表达词语(word-selecting)Skills: 1.Leave out form words: e.g: the first big harvest2.Conversion of pos

31、sessive case e.g: the hard-working people of China Chinas hard-working people3.Conversion of part of speech e.g: to protect the environment environment protection 4. Conversion of sentence structure e.g: The dishes taste delicious. delicious dishes阅读填空中常见的单词分类归纳：表原因：reason (for). Cause (of)表目的：purpo

32、se. aim, destination, goal表种类：kind, type, sort, variety, style, category 表方式：means ,ways, approach, method表方位：location, position, where, place表建议：advice, suggestion, recommendation, tip表观点：attitude, idea, opinion, aspect, concern, notion表功能、用途： usage, function, use表变化、趋势： trend, development, rise, i

33、ncrease, change, decrease表描述： description, appearance, look, color, size, length, height, width, size, distance, shape 表来源、历史：history, source, origin, root表影响、结果：effect, influence,impact,result,consequence表措施、行为： measure, action, activity, steps表益处/不利： benefit, advantage, disadvantage表概括、总结 conclusion, summa