NonverbalCommunication-完整版获奖课件

1、Unit 2Nonverbal Communication.词语翻译1function v_2visual adj. _3embarrassingly adv. _4make sense _5stick out ones tongue at someone _6attentiveness _课前自主预习运行，起作用视觉的，形象的尴尬地，令人为难地有意义伸出舌头对着某人注意，专心7bump into someone _8maintain _9feel obligated to _10whereas conj. _11in contrast _12back away _13raise ones e

2、yebrows _14threatening adj. _撞上某人保持，继续觉得有必要然而，但是相反逐渐后退扬扬眉毛胁迫的，危险的15assume vt. _16occasion n _17behaviour _18relevant adj. _19personal adj. _20individual adj. _n _21exclude vt. _(想当然的)认为；假定，设想时刻，场合行为，举止，品行有关的，切题的私人的，个人的单独的，个人的个人(体)拒绝接纳22represent vt. _23pop out of _24belong to _25a bit of _26find out

3、 _27keep records _28known as _29open up _表现；象征蹦出来属于少量获知(某事情)作记录被称为，公认为打开；开业；生产.课文填空根据课文“Nonverbal Communication”填空When Americans are talking, they expect others to 1._ to what they are saying. To Americans，polite conversationalists 2. _ by displaying expressions of excitement or disgust, shock or sa

4、dness. Americans also 3. _their attentiveness in a conversation by raising their eyebrows, nodding, smiling politely andrespondempathize indicate 4. _ good eye contact.5. _some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or 6. _, Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty. If a person do

5、esnt look at you in the eye, Americans might say you should question his motives or assume that he doesnt like you. Yet with all the concern for eye contact, Americans still consider staring especially at strangers7. _ rude.maintainingWhereas threateningto be8_ the influence of nonverbal communicati

6、on, we never really stop communicating. How we walk, how we stand, how we use our hands, how we position our bodies, how we show emotionsall send a message to others. Thats why its possible, as the saying goes, to “read someone like a book”Considering课堂互动探究1. oppositeadj.相对的，对面的；对立的，相反的；对等的，对应的n相反的事

7、物，对立的人(或物)；反面prep.在对面词汇精讲归纳拓展be opposite from 与相反；不相容be opposite to 在对面；与相反just the opposite 恰恰相反【助记】例句探源(2011年高考广东卷)One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite.这其中一个原因或许是他们的身体信号当时正相反。(2011年高考陕西卷)However, three days later, they met the third rich man, who was c

8、oming in the opposite direction.然而，三天后，他们遇到了从相反方向来的第三个富人。Marthas not shy at alljust the opposite in fact.玛莎一点都不腼腆，事实上正好相反。The people sitting opposite us looked very familiar.坐在我们对面的人看上去很面熟。易混辨析 opposite，contraryopposite指“位置、方向、地位、性质、意义等对立的、相反的”。contrary指“两物朝相反的方向发展”，含有“互相冲突，不一致”的意思。on the contrary“相

9、反”。“True” and “false” have opposite meanings.“正”与“误”有相反的意思。Your plan is contrary to mine.你的计划和我的相反。2. assume v. 假定；设想；假装；承担归纳拓展例句探源(牛津P104)It is reasonable to assume that the economy will continue to improve.认为经济继续好转是有道理的。(牛津P104)Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds.咱们暂时假设计划成功。(牛津P104)I

10、t is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。Assuming that the proposal is accepted，when are we going to get the money?假定这个建议被采纳，我们什么时候能拿到钱？A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。即境活用1We all can go out for a pi

11、cnic this afternoon_that the others agree.Ato assume BassumedCassume Dassuming解析：选D。assuming that.“假定”。类似表达有：providing/supposing (that).。3. pick up 拾起，拿起；卷起；掀起；搭载；(无意中)学会；接收(无线电信号)；收拾，整理；加(速度)；取(物)，开车接(人)；(健康、生意、社交生活等)恢复，变好，好转归纳拓展例句探源(2011年高考课标全国卷)I bought my ticket and turned around to pick up my b

12、ag from the floor.我买好票，转身从地上拿起包It is an offence to pick up or set down a hitchhiker on a motorway.在高速公路上让搭便车的人上下车是违反交通规则的。I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播。The economy in the world is finally beginning to pick up again.世界经济终于又开始有所好转。4. make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通(教材原句)Only

13、if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。归纳拓展make sense of理解，明白make no sense没道理，没意义there is no sense in doing sth.做没道理in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense决不例句探源This sentence just doesnt make sense, no matter how you read it.无论

14、你怎样读这个句子，它都讲不通。It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.在失控前致力解决这个问题，这么做是明智的。There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make any sense of them at all.这一段中有那么多生词以致于我根本不理解它们的含义。(朗文P1855)There is no sense in my painting the door if were going to replace it

15、 later.如果我们打算以后把门换掉，那我给它上漆就毫无意义了。In no sense do I agree with this suggestion.无论如何我都不赞同这个建议。即境活用2(2012年上海交大附中模拟) _to the sun, the flower will become dry soon.What you said does make_.AExposed; sense BExposing; senseCExposed; senses DExposing; a sense解析：选A。句意：暴露在日光下，这花儿很快就会被晒干。你说的话的确有道理。第一空expose与flow

16、er之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词作状语，第二空make sense为固定用法，表示“有道理，讲得通”。5. in other words换句话说(教材原句)In other words, there are not many people like me.换句话说，像我这样的人并不多见。归纳拓展例句探源(牛津P2318)They asked him to leavein other words he was fired. 他们请他走人，换句话说，他被开除了。I soon found that the work I was doing had been done by other peopl

17、ein other words, I was wasting my time.我很快发现我在重复别人已做过的事情，换句话说，我是在浪费时间。In a word, we must try our best to do the work.总之，我们必须尽最大努力做这项工作。He has broken his word so many times that I cannot trust him any more. 他经常食言，我再也不能相信他了。 6. occasionn时候，时刻；场合；原因，理由；时机，机会归纳拓展on occasion 有时，间或on several occasions 屡次，

18、好几次on special occasions 在特殊场合on the occasion of 在的时候，值此之际例句探源(2010年高考陕西卷)There are many occasions for giving gifts in modern industrialized societies.在现代的工业社会中有许多场合是要送礼物的。He has been known on occasion(s) to lose his temper.大家都知道他有时会发脾气。On one occasion, he called me in the middle of the night.有一次，他深更

19、半夜打电话给我。He was presented with the watch on the occasion of his retirement.他在退休时获赠这块手表。即境活用3(2011年高考浙江卷)Ive been writing this report_ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.Afinally BimmediatelyCoccasionally Dcertainly解析：选C。考查副词的意义辨析。句意：在过去的两周里，我时续时断地写这个报告，可是这个报告明天就得交了。finally最终地

20、；immediately立即，马上；occasionally偶尔；certainly肯定地。根据but it has to be handed in tomorrow可知，选C。7. depend on依靠；依赖归纳拓展例句探源(牛津P534)He was the sort of person you could depend on.他这个人你是可以信赖的。(牛津P534)He knew he could depend upon her to deal with the situation.他知道可以依靠她来应付这种局面。You may depend on it that she will h

21、elp you.你可以相信她会帮助你的。 In general/Generally speaking, a persons health depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep.一般说来，身体健康依赖的是好的食物、新鲜的空气和充足的睡眠。(牛津P534)I dont know if we can helpit all depends.我不知道我们能不能帮上忙，一切都得看情况而定。即境活用4. Whether you can lose your weight successfully in this case _very much on

22、your condition.Ainsists BbasesCfocuses Ddepends解析：选D。depend on 在本句意为“取决于，视情况而定”。insist on 坚持；base on以为根据；focus on集中于，以为焦点。8. behavevt.& vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现归纳拓展例句探源Some children could be noisy and badly behaved.有些孩子会吵闹而且表现差。(朗文P158)If you behave yourself, Ill let you stay up to watch the movie.如果你守规矩，我就

23、让你不睡觉看电影。I am sorry about what I did last nightI behaved like a child.对不起，我昨天晚上表现得太幼稚。The headmaster doesnt allow bad behavio(u)r in class.校长不允许班上有不规矩的行为。即境活用5完成句子(1)在持枪歹徒面前，这个小男孩表现得极为勇敢。The little boy _in the face of the gunman.behaved with great courage(2)老师鼓励孩子们好好表现。The teacher encouraged the chi

24、ldren to _.behave well9. includev包括，把列在内【教材原句】You may also include a short message (two sentences) in any language in the box.你还可以放进盒子里一张用任何一种语言写成的短信息(两句话)归纳拓展例句探源Her daily work includes cleaning the office and answering calls.她日常的工作包括清扫办公室和接电话。The plan includes most of your suggestions.这项计划里包括了你们的大

25、部分建议。China is willing to face the problem of the climate change with all countries, including the developing and the developed.中国愿意同所有国家一道来应对气候变化问题，包括发展中国家和发达国家。It is reported that nine people were killed in the accident, an American included.据报道九个人在事故中丧生，包括一个美国人在内。即境活用6.I need more financial suppor

26、t because the previous money cannot _ all the cost of the project.Acover BcontainCinvolve Dinclude解析：选A。句意：我需要更多的资金援助,因为先前的资金不能够支付此项目的所有费用。cover意为“支付的费用”。10. belong to属于；归属；为的一员(无被动语态和进行时态)例句探源As is known to us, China is a country belonging to the Third World.众所周知，中国是一个属于第三世界的国家。The future belongs t

27、o you, young men.年轻人，未来是属于你们的。Put it back where it belongs after you have read it.读完后，请你把它放回原处。After getting off, please check whether your own belongings are left on the drifting boat.下船后，请大家检查一下自己的物品是否落在了漂流艇上。【温馨提示】belongings n. 财产，所有物，相关事物1【原句展示】Therefore, when studying about a foreign culture, i

28、t just makes sense to pay attention to how people use nonverbal cues.【句法简析】though/when/while doing/done 这实际上是一种省略句。省略了主语和be动词。例如： 句型精析While working in that factory，he made many friends. while working实际上是while he was working.由于主从句的主语相同，所以可以省略，同时将be动词省略。 Though (he was)tired, he went on working in the

29、 field.虽然累了，但他还能继续在田里干活。即境活用1Who should be responsible for the accident?The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order_.Aas told Bas are toldCas telling Das they told解析：选A。as toldas they were told，此处是as引导的方式状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主语一致，且谓语动词含有be时,将从句的主语和be省略。又因为workers与tell之间是被动关系，排除C、D。2【原句展示】A

30、nother cultural aspect of nonverbal communication is one that you might not think about space.【句法简析】one指代another cultural aspect。it/one/that，他们的用法如下：(1)it/one/that三者均可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物。I have lost my umbrella; Im looking for it.(该句中it就是指前面的my umbrella)I have lost my umbrel

31、la; I think I must buy one.(one在该句中表泛指，因为my umbrella已经丢了)The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. (替代词that在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”，以区别“the umbrella you bought”)(2)one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an名词；that为特指，相当于the名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a/an/some/any；that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the/this/that。

32、A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.(该句中one可以换成a chair)The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot.(该句中that可以换成 the water)(3)one只能代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词复数时用ones；that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词复数时用 those。I like this pen more than that one.(one代替可数名词单数pen)There were a few young p

33、eople and some older ones in the house.(ones代替可数名词复数people)Marys handwriting is far better than that of Peter.(that代替不可数名词 handwriting)These pictures are more beautiful than those.(those代替可数名词复数 pictures)(4)one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用the one或the ones代替that或those。The one/That on the table

34、is mine.(该句中The one代替事物，并且也可以用That)He is the teacher, the one who is loved by the students.(该句中the one代替人，不能用that)He advised the farmers to choose the best seed heads, the ones/those that had the best color.(该句中the ones代替事物，并且也可以用those)(5)one一般有前置修饰语，有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语。而 that不能有前置修饰语，但可有后置修饰语。Cook was

35、 a strict but good captain, one who took good care of his sailors.The water in the well is cleaner than that in the river.(6)it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等，充当形式主语或形式宾语。one与that均无此用法。It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once every month.I found it hard to get on with her.(7)it与that均可以替代上

36、文全句的内容或部分内容，而one/ones则不可以。He has saved my life; Ill never forget it.(it代替第一分句)Tom is painting his house. I am told he does it every four years.(it代替前面分句的部分内容painting his house)Lets say we meet here at three oclock. That ought to give you time to buy everything.(That代替前面表述的内容)即境活用2(2011年高考天津卷)We feel

37、 _ our duty to make our country a better place.Ait BthisCthat Done解析：选A。句意：我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们的职责。it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to make our country a better place”。 因此选A。3【原句展示】Yet with all the concern for eye contact, Americans still consider staringespecially at strangersto be rude.【句法简析】with all the concern for

38、eye contact 是with的复合结构作状语。with复合结构是由with复合宾语组成，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形： (1)with名词 (或代词)现在分词此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。With prices going up so fast, we cant afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。(原因状语) With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。(伴随情况) (2)with名

39、词 (或代词)过去分词 此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。(伴随情况) She had to walk home with her bike stolen.自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。(原因状语) (3)with名词 (或代词)形容词 I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。(伴随情况) With the weather so close and

40、stuffy, ten to one itll rain presently.大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。(原因状语)(4)with名词 (或代词)介词短语 With the children at school, we cant take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。(原因状语) The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。(行为方式) (5)with名词 (或代词)副词 He fell asleep with the

41、 light on.他睡着了，灯还亮着。(伴随情况) The boy stood there with his head down.这个男孩低头站在那儿。(伴随情况) (6)with名词 (或代词)动词不定式 此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很痛苦。(原因状语) With a lot of work to do, he wasnt allowed to go out.因为还有很多工作要做,他没有被允许外出。(原因状语)即境活用3Now that weve discussed ou

42、t problem，are people happy with the decisions _？Ataking BtakeCtaken Dto take解析：选C。句意为：现在，我们已经讨论了问题，是人们最满意的决定？ take 与the decisions之间存在的关系是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。4【原句展示】They also invented a kind of paper, which was easier to write on and much lighter to carry.【句法简析】which was easier to write on and much light

43、er to carry是非限制性定语从句。关系代词 which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。下面就进行归纳总结：(1)引导限制性定语从句A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.商店应存有最畅销的货物。This is the family which is planning to move to the party.这是要搬进城里的一家。(2)引导非限制性定语从句。a用来指代一个句子。Internet is so interesting, which mak

44、es all possible happen.因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。b用来指代句子的一部分。When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him.他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。c如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个 which 前要加 and.He bought a book, which was written by Lu Xun, and which he decided to give to his friend.他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。(3)名词of

45、which(of which名词whose名词)通常放在先行词的后面。Id like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.Id like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.Id like a room whose window looks out over the sea.我要一间窗户面临大海的房间。(4)介词which 的替代作用。a作时间状语替代 when 。There used to be a time at which/during which(when)t

46、he Chinese people struggled for freedom.中国人曾有一段为自由而斗争的日子。b作地点状语替代 where。This is the office in which(where)I used to work.这是我过去工作过的办公室。c作原因状语替代 why 。Id like you to explain the reason for which(why)you were absent.我想让你解释一下缺席的原因。d作方式状语替代 that 或省略。There are many ways in which(that/省略)we can solve the pr

47、oblem.解决这个问题有很多方法。 即境活用4(2011年高考安徽卷)Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.Awhen BwhichCwhere Dwhile解析：选C。句意为：剩下的任何东西都可以放入冰箱，在那里可以保存两三周。本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系副词。由句型结构可以看出，该题中的先行词refrigerator在从句中作介词的宾语，该介宾结构在定语从句中作地点状语，故选择关系副词where。when在从句中作时间状语；which在从

48、句中作主语或宾语；while是连词，不能用于定语从句。5(2011年高考浙江卷)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently.Awhich BwhatCthem Dthose解析：选A。本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，先行词在从句中做each of的宾语，所以应用关系代词which。5【原句展示】It was not until many centuries later that their meanings we

49、re rediscovered.【句法简析】本句是not until的强调结构。有关not until的强调结构和倒装总结如下：(1)当not until位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until从句/表时间的词助动词(主句)主语谓语.。如：Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。Not until next week will the sports meet be held.直到下周才开运动会。(2)not until的强调结构为：It is/was not until从句

50、/表时间的词that.。上面两句改为强调句为：It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking.It is not until next week that the sports meet will be held.Not until nine oclock yesterday evening did we finish the work.直到昨晚九点，我们才完成这项工作。即境活用6It was _ he came back from Africa where _ he met the girl he

51、would like to marry.Awhen; then Bnot; untilCnot until; that Donly; when 解析：选C。根据It is.that 结构可知。单元语法综述现在分词现在分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。1现在分词的形式：否定式：not现在分词知识精讲(1)现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如： They went to the park, singing and talking.他们边唱边说向公园走去。Havi

52、ng done his homework, he played basketball.做完作业，他开始打篮球。(2)现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。The problem being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的问题很重要。Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。2现在分词的句法功能：(1)作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰

53、的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。In the following years he worked even harder.在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用 in the years that followed；the man speaking to the teacher可改为 the man who is speaking to the t

54、eacher。(2)现在分词作表语：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.正在这家上演的电影很棒。The present situation is inspiring.当前的形势鼓舞人心。bedoing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于bedoing表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。(3)作宾语补足语：下列动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, l

55、ook at, leave, catch 等。例如:Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?你能听见她在隔壁吗？He kept the car waiting at the gate.他让小汽车在门口等着。(4)现在分词作状语：作时间状语：(While)Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。作原因状语： Being a League member, he is always helping others.由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。作方

56、式状语，表示伴随：He stayed at home, cleaning and washing.他呆在家里，又擦又洗。作条件状语：(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。作结果状语：He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。作目的状语：He went swimming the other day.几天前他去游泳了。作让步状语：Though raining heavily, it cleared up very

57、soon.虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。与逻辑主语构成独立主格：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。有时也可用with (without)名词(代词宾格)分词形式 With the lights burning, he fell asleep.他点着灯睡着了。作独立成分：Generally speaking, girls are mor

58、e careful.一般说来，女孩子更细心。1(2011年高考新课标卷)The next thing he saw was smoke _from behind the house.Arose BrisingCto rise Drisen对口训练解析：选B。句意：接下来我们看到的是烟雾从房子的后面冒出来。rise升起来和see看到这两个动作是同时发生的，因此选择现在进行的形式表示非谓语动词动作和谓语动词动作同时发生。2(2011年大纲全国卷)Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ nothing about the argument.Asays BsaidCto s

59、ay Dsaying解析：选D。句意为“Sarah假装开心，对那次争论什么也没说。”A和B项是谓语动词形式，句中没有连词，故排除；C项是作目的状语，而句中是伴随状态，故选D。3(2011年高考北京卷)Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _on you feet.Ato keep BkeepingChaving kept Dto have kept解析：选B。句意为“Emma，你坐下吧。老这么站着你会累的。”A项to keep是表示将来。C项having kept和D项to have kept表示动作先发生。make y

60、ourself more tired与keeping on you feet同时进行，故选B。4(2011年上海春招)Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, _ newly cleaned and polished.Alooked Bto lookClooking Dto be looking解析：选C。句意为“Mike在他屋子外的大街上发现了他丢失的汽车，看上去刚擦得干干净净，还打过蜡。”A项looked是谓语形式，但句中没有连词；B项不定式to look和D项to be looking如果都表结果，那只能由Mi