定语从句与名词性从句引导词的辨析

1、定语从句与名词性从句引导词的辨析第1页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三定语从句与名词性从句的辨析 结合已做的练习来比较第2页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三Structures定语从句名词性从句n+定从n/n.phr/Ss , +定从主从：主从+V+其他 It作形式主语宾从：Vt/prep/adj.+宾从表从：V系(be)+表从同位从：n+同位从第3页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三引导词关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词：when, where, why连接词：that, wh

2、ether/if连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, -ever关系副词：when, where, why, how, as if/though, because定语从句名词性从句第4页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三两种从句中都有的两个引导词的比较定从(限): 关系代词，作成分，指人/物 名从: 连接词，不作成分，无含义 eg. She also claimed that she was hated by other women in the work place that were jealous of her beauty. (45

3、-1) eg. I cant forget the happy time that Ive spent with my classmates and teachers. (华普四)eg. Jack is not the man that he was.定从 that 在从句中作主语 作宾语 作表语 第5页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三eg. That the earth is round is true.eg. What kids should keep in mind is that in most cases, your parents can relate to

4、what youre going through because they were teens once. (45-18)eg. Im pleased to learn that you are learning Chinese. (江南十校)eg. There is no doubt that we benefit much from the Internet. (华普五)名从在从句中不作成分第6页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三 which 定从(限): 关系代词，作成分，指物 (单独)eg. This was my thanks to her and I hand

5、ed her an inspiring smile card which mentioned to spread the kindness. (华普三)eg. Now, I learn that small mistake as it is, it can destroy the whole plan which we work on. (分科综合卷二)两种从句中都有的两个引导词的比较作主语 作宾语 第7页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三eg. A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point

6、. (华普四)eg. We can cook for ourselves, which is very exciting. (周报第二期)eg. Do you still remember those books which I bought last week? You can choose which (one/book) you like best. which 定从(限): 关系代词，作成分，指物 (单独)名从: 连接代词，作成分(定语) (+n) (非限):关系代词，作成分，指物/句子两种从句中都有的两个引导词的比较第8页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三 as

7、限: 关系代词，作成分，指人/物 非限: 指代的先行词为整个句子 eg. He is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with. (总复习书P210) eg. He is such a lazy man that nobody wants to work with him. 两种从句中各自特有的引导词定从状从作宾语 不作成分 第9页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三非限 as which eg. The living standard of the people in China, as is shown in the rep

8、ort, has improved over the past decades. (总复习书P210) eg. The living standard of the people in China has improved over the past decades , as is shown in the report. eg. As is shown in the report, the living standard of the people in China has improved over the past decades. 位置，先行词，意义 第10页，共27页，2022年，5

9、月20日，0点53分，星期三aswhich位置主句前/中/后主句后先行词整个句子名词，名词短语，整个句子意义“正如, 就像”“这”第11页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三whether 连接词，不作成分，“是否” eg. It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (总复习书P216) 两种从句中各自特有的引导词主从第12页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三 how 连接副词，作状语eg. Mom often phones me, asking how I

10、 am getting along with my studies. (总复习书216)两种从句中各自特有的引导词第13页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三 as if/though 引导表语从句，用陈述或虚拟语气eg. You look as if youve had a good time.eg. He looks as if he were from the Mars.两种从句中各自特有的引导词as if/though 引导的表从常跟在特定的动词后，如 seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等第14页，共27页，2022年，5月2

11、0日，0点53分，星期三what 连接代词，作成分, “什么,什么事情/东西” eg. What is acceptable in one country may be considered extremely rude in another. (45-10)两种从句中各自特有的引导词eg. After realizing what he had done, the driver didnt stop his car but drove away quickly. (华普三)eg. I also found that success is what satisfied me. (华普二) .e

12、g. I have no idea what I should do next.作主语 作宾语 作主语 作宾语 第15页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三名词性从句中几组易混引导词的辨析what that what which why because that 第16页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三what that eg. What kids should keep in mind is that in most cases, your parents can relate to what youre going through because t

13、hey were teens once. (45-18)连接代词，作成分, “什么,什么事情/东西” 连接词，不作成分, 无含义 作主语 不做成分 第17页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三what which eg. Youll know what side effect the medicine will bring about. (周报31)eg. You can choose which one you like best from these books.连接代词，作定语, +n 无范围 连接代词，作定语, +n 有明确范围第18页，共27页，2022年，5月20

14、日，0点53分，星期三why because eg. I was late for class this morning. Thats because I hadnt caught the earliest bus.引导表语从句表原因连接副词，不作成分, “为什么”，+结果 that 连接副词，不作成分, “因为”，+原因 Reason作主句主语，表语从句引导词只能用that eg. I hadnt caught the earliest bus. Thats why I was late for class this morning. eg. The reason why I was lat

15、e for class this morning is that I didnt caught the earliest bus.原因 结果 第19页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三结构相同，从句类型与引导词的选择第20页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三 _ (s) + V1+其他+V2+其他 _ + V1+其他 , S+V2+其他As eg. Therefore, what we need to do is recognize and revise our mistakes and learn from them. (分科综合卷二)eg. What

16、 he did was (to) wave at everyone who passed by. (分科综合卷三)eg. What is important is that as the earth cooled down water began to appear on its surface. (总复习P216)eg. As is known to us all, Mo Yan is a great writer.非限主从第21页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三2. V+ _(从句)Vt+宾从 / It +Vi+主从 eg. Now, do you know who

17、invented the potato chip? (45-9)eg. Word came that Mr. Obama would make a visit to China.Vi+同位从 宾从同位从eg. It seems that she cant control herself well, just clicking constantly with the mouse. (45-15)第22页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三3. prep+ _(从句)eg. Thank you for what youve said. (歙州学校10月月考)eg. Have yo

18、u sent thank-you notes to the relatives from whom you received gifts? (2012上海)定从宾从()()第23页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三4. n+ _(从句)eg. There is no doubt that we benefit much from the Internet. (华普五)eg. So they looked around for a soccer club that/which would be able to do this for them. (45-8)定从同位从第24页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三定从与同位从的区别被修饰词 性质上引导词 定从: 名词,代词,主句的一 部分或整个句子同位从: idea, fact, news等有一定内涵的名词定从: 相当于adj，修饰限定先行词同位从:相当于n, 说明或解释前面的抽象性名词定从:which 代替先行词(单独)同位从:有how, whether, what第25页，共27页，2022年，5月20日，0点53分，星期三 5. It 形主eg. It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. (4