最根本的网络质量指标中英文翻译

1、最根本的网络质量指标中英文翻译English translation of the most fundamental of network quality index【摘要】无线网络的质量和许多因素有关，由此带来了网络优化工作的复杂性。文章提出 了注重平衡性是提升网络质量评价的关键，专注于讨论使用变色龙算法合理精确配置功率， 控制网内干扰分布，达到网络质量峰值的方法。Abstract the wireless network quality and many factors, resulting in the complexity of network optimization work. T

2、his paper puts emphasis on the balance is the key to improve network quality evaluation, focusing on the use of chameleon algorithm reasonable accurate configuration power, control the distribution of interference within the network, methods to achieve network quality peak.【关键词】C/I变色龙算法自适应 收敛反馈keywo

3、rd C/I chameleon algorithm of adaptive convergence feedback1 C/I概述1 C/I overview1.1最根本的网络质量指标The 1.1 most fundamental network quality index评价无线网络质量的最基本准则是C/I (载干比)。C/I的改善可以降低误码率、丢帧率， 提高语音质量、MOS感知等，是无线网络优化的底层指标；而其他诸如掉话率、切换成功 率、无线接入性等KPI指标都是在C/I这个性能上的高层反应。由此可见，网络优化的重点 即是优化C/I，偏离这一目标，盲目追求高层KPI都是不切实际的。T

4、he basic principles of wireless network quality is C/I ( CIR ). C/I improvement can reduce the bit error rate, frame loss rate, improve the quality of speech, MOS perception, is the underlying index of wireless network optimization; while others such as the drop rate, the success rate of switching,

5、wireless access, KPI index is high in the performance of the C/I reaction. Therefore, the focus of network optimization is the optimization of C/I, this deviation from the target, the blind pursuit of high KPI is unrealistic.1.2提高网络质量评价的关键Key 1.2 to improve network quality evaluation随着网络发展日益复杂，各种干扰也

6、越来越多，在功率配置问题上绝大多数网优人员解 决干扰的手段是提高功率来抗干扰，高电平高干扰，这样会导致高电平质差比率升高，整网 质量不高，且由于存在网络质量的不平衡分布，易使终端用户产生感知上的差异化，引发投 诉上升及满意度下降。在与竞争对手的比拼中处于优势，和在网内尽量保持各处同性是同样 重要的。网络优化是一门平衡的艺术，平衡性是提高网络质量评价的关键。With the development of network is becoming more and more complex, various interference is also increasing, the power all

7、ocation problem in most of the network optimization engineers to solve the interference method is improved to anti-jamming power, high level and high interference, it will lead to a high level of poor quality ratio increased, the whole network quality is not high, and the uneven distribution of netw

8、ork quality, the terminal user perception of the difference, drop trigger rise in complaints and satisfaction. The advantage in the competition and the competition in the network, and try to keep all gay is equally important. Network optimization is an art of balance, the balance is the key to impro

9、ve the network quality evaluation.举例：路测优化。由于路测考核指标越来越成为各运营商关注的重点，因此在优化上也 就自然而然地会倾注更多的资源，对道路覆盖小区频率使用进行倾斜、大功率保证C/I，提 升各类道路测试指标。乍一看这样的做法效果不错，可细想一下问题就来了，路测道路占整 体覆盖面积不足10%，用户不及20%，而这些区域C的强化势必导致90%区域和80%用户 的干扰上升，将显著降低原本就覆盖受限区域的C/I，影响客户感知，从实际投诉比率上也 可以看到，室内投诉比率占绝大多数。因此，一视同仁(道路和室内)的总体网络优化策略 能更好地改善用户感知，提高满意度，

10、这是平衡的观点。For example: the road test optimization. Because the road test evaluation has increasingly become the focus of the operators, so in the optimization will come very naturally to pour more resources, covering area frequency using tilt, on the road of high power C/I, promote all kinds of road t

11、est index. At first glance this practice effect is good, can consider the issue came, road test road total covering area of less than 10%, the user less than 20%, while strengthening the regional C will lead to rising interference of the 90% region and the 80% user, will significantly reduce the ori

12、ginal coverage is limited to regional C/I, impact of customer perception, from the actual complaints the ratio can be seen, the majority of indoor complaint ratio. Therefore, make no exception ( road and indoor ) of the overall network optimization strategies can better improve user perception, incr

13、ease satisfaction, this is a balanced view.1.3 C/I和功率的关系Relationship between 1.3 C/I and power改善C/I的方法有两个：提高C或降低I。提高用户感知还可以运用一些新功能，改善 相同C/I情况下的MOS表现，如AMR、跳频等。Method for improving C/I has two: increasing C or reducing I. Improve the user perceived can also use some new functions, improve the MOS perf

14、ormance under the condition of the same C/I, such as AMR, frequency hopping.提高C的主要方法是提升功率、调整覆盖、优化邻区配置；(1 ) the main method of improving C is to enhance the power, adjust to cover adjacent area configuration, optimization;降低I的主要方法是降低功率、调整覆盖、优化频率配置、控制外部干扰等。(2 ) reduction of I is the main method of red

15、ucing the power, adjust the coverage, frequency allocation, optimization control of external interference.功率调整最为纠结，增加功率即增加了 C和I，增加单小区抗干扰能力的同时增加了全 局干扰；减少功率降低I的同时也降低了 C。The struggle for power adjustment, increase power is increased by C and I, and increase the anti-interference ability of single cell

16、increased global interference; reduce the power reduction of I also reduces the C.I由白噪声、外部干扰(各类干扰设备)和内部干扰(频率干扰和交调干扰)构成，可 见在调整功率时主要影响的是内部干扰。下面模拟了一条C/I VS Lev的曲线做个简单示意 图，如图1所示：I consists of white noise, the external disturbance ( all kinds of jamming equipment ) and internal interference ( frequency i

17、nterference and crosstalk ), visible main influence in the adjustment of internal interference power. The simulation of a C/I VS Lev curves do a simple diagram, as shown in figure 1:其中，横轴为全网的平均接收电平；纵轴为全网的平均C/I。图1主要分为3个区、1 个点，具体描述如下：Among them, the horizontal axis is the average received power networ

18、k; the vertical axis is the average C/I network. Figure 1 is divided into 3 zones, 1 points, is described as follows:A区：此处属于低功率区域，干扰主要由底噪、外部干扰强度决定，因此随着电平功率 的提升，C/I上升很快。A area: here belongs to the low power region, determines the interference is mainly composed of background noise, external disturban

19、ce, so with the power of promotion, C/I up soon.B区：随着电平的升高，干扰的主要组成部分转为网内干扰，电平功率的上升引起的C 增加和I增加接近，C/I趋于稳定。B: as the level increases, main part of interference to network interference, rising level of power caused by the increase in C and I increased close, C/I tends to be stable.C区：网络中的部分深度覆盖或广覆盖区域的电平

20、强度已经无法进一步提升，全网电平 的提升是部分小区的提升贡献的，对一个小区覆盖而言，其主控面积远小于干扰面积，因此 在不能全网提升功率的情况下，C的增加速度会慢于I的增加速度，导致C/I的下降。而随 着平均电平的增加，功率受限区域也不断增加，I的增加亦越来越快，C/I呈现加速下滑。 目前大部分网络运行在C区（以暴制暴的结果）。C area: level of intensity in the deep web coverage or coverage area has been unable to further enhance the level of ascension, is part

21、of the contribution to the upgrading of the District, covering a area, the main area is much smaller than the interference area, so not all network upgrade in power, the increase of C speed will be slower than I growth rate, lead to the decrease of C/I. Along with the increase of the average level o

22、f the restricted area, power is increasing, the increase of I is also more and more quickly, C/I appears to accelerate the decline. Most of the current network operation in the C district （ violence results.）.P点：一定网络状态下的功率和C/I的最佳平衡点。在此点左边，由于功率不足，载干 比不高；在此点以右，干扰增加速度上升，载干比下降。论文网P: the best balance poi

23、nt of a network under the condition of power and C/I. At this point the left, due to insufficient power, carrier to interference ratio is not high; on this point to the right, interference increases the rate of rise, carrier to interference ratio decreased, Thesis net 对于不同的网络就有不同的C/I VS Lev的响应曲线；同一个

24、网络在话务、外部干扰分 布不同的情况下，响应曲线也是不同的；覆盖调整、频率优化等是网络优化的重要手段，也 是改善曲线特性的主要方法。良好的曲线特性应该具有较高的P点，且C区下降趋势较缓。 在网络特性（响应曲线）确定后，优化的一个重要工作内容就是通过合理配置网络功率水平， 使网络质量运行到最佳位置（P点）。There are different response curves of C/I VS Lev for different network; the same network in traffic, distribution under different external disturb

25、ance, response curve is different; coverage adjustment, frequency optimization is an important means of network optimization, main methods but also improve the curve characteristic. Characteristic curve of the good should have a higher point R and C decreased more slowly. In the network characterist

26、ics ( response ) is determined, an important work content optimization is to through the rational allocation of network power level, the quality of network operation to the best position ( P ).2寻找网络最佳运行点P 变色龙算法2 to find optimal operating point of P Network - chameleon algorithm2.1图形转换2.1 graphics co

27、nversion从上文可知，大部分网络运行在C区，不是网络的最佳运行区域，将网络置于P点运 行才能获得最佳质量。那么如何确定P点呢？首先网络功率水平的调整主要依靠最大功率 水平设置(会影响覆盖、话务分布等，在下面介绍中不采用)和功控参数设置(功控范围、 功控区间)实现。实现网络P点运行有以下难度：From the above shows, most of the network operation in the C District, the best operation area is not the network, the network in the P operation can o

28、btain the best quality. So how to determine the point P? The first network power level adjustment mainly rely on setting a maximum power level ( will affect the coverage, traffic distribution, do not use in the following introduction ) and power control parameters ( power control range, power contro

29、l interval ) implementation. Realization of network points operation has the following difficulty: 从现有的GSM网络统计中，缺乏对C/I的统计，无法很好地评价调整效果；(1 ) from the GSM network statistics available, the lack of statistics on the C/I, are unable to evaluate the adjustment effect;功率水平的统计是平均值，在设置上是区间值，也较难实现参数设置和网络响应 的吻

30、合，横坐标位置较难确定。(2 ) the level of statistical power is the mean value, in the set is an interval, it is more difficult to achieve consistent parameter setting and the response of the network, it is difficult to determine the horizontal position.需要想一个变通的方法将这两个指标转化为易获取、易度量且相关性极强的指标。在GSM网络中，受C/I影响最大最直接的指标是

31、quality, quality的统计也非常容易获取，这 就是变色龙算法第一步。将上面的C/I VS Lev的图转换为目标quality VS实际quality的图， 如图2所示：Need a flexible method to convert the two indexes for easy access, easy and extremely strong correlation index. In GSM network, the largest and most directly affected by C/I index is quality, quality statistics

32、 is also very easy to get, this is the first step of chameleon algorithm. Convert C/I VS above Lev patterns for quality VS quality map, as shown in figure 2:其中，横轴为目标质量(自左向右，由好到坏)；竖轴为实际质量(自下而上，由好到 坏)。Among them, the horizontal axis is the target quality ( from left to right, from good to bad ); the v

33、ertical axis for the actual quality ( from bottom to top, from good to bad ).A区：当目标质量要求较低时，电平配置较低，C/I比较差，仍有功率及质量提升空间。A area: when the target quality requirement is low, level configuration is low, C/I is relatively poor, still have the power and enhance the quality of space.C区：当目标质量要求较高时，电平配置升高，产生的干

34、扰增大，导致C/I变差，实际 质量差于目标值。C area: when the target of higher quality requirements, high level configuration, increasing interference, leading to C/I variation, the actual quality is poor in the target value.P线：不同网络特性的最佳点P，在此处能达到实际质量最佳。在图2中表现为目标质 量和实现质量一致，即斜率为1，汇聚成P线。Line P: the best point of different n

35、etwork characteristics of P, here to achieve practical best quality. As shown in Figure 2 for the target quality and achieve consistent quality, namely, a slope of 1, converge into P line.通过这样的图形转换，就把问题简化到了以质量为目标的优化过程，而质量统计非常方 便，便于实现调整和评估的工作。Conversion through this graph, the problem is reduced to t

36、he optimization process to quality as the goal, and the quality of statistics is very convenient, easy adjustment and evaluation work.2.2逼近P点2.2 approximation of P完成图形转化后，仍需要找到P点的位置，通过实践和研究总结出了一套算法，由于 其能敏锐捕捉周围环境变化，自适应调整无线参数，将网络置于最佳点P运行，降低干扰， 提高网络质量，因此取名“变色龙”。Complete the graphics transformation, sti

37、ll need to find the point P position, through experience and research, summed up a set of algorithms, because it can be sensitive to capture the changes in the surrounding environment, adaptive adjustment of parameters will be placed in the best wireless network, P operation, reduce interference, im

38、prove the quality of network, so the name chameleon .变色龙算法的第二步是寻找P点，这里采用无限逼近的方法，说明如下：The chameleon algorithm for the second step is to look for points, here using method of infinite approximation, as described below:假设网络最初目标质量设置是q1，网络反馈的实际质量是q2；接着以q2为目标质量， 网络会反馈出q3；再以q3得出q4由于P线的斜率为1，因此网络的反馈会逐步收敛， 这样

39、网络运行点就无限逼近P线，达到网络最佳质量。在此过程中排除了人为的对参数设 定的猜测，而全由网络反馈决定参数设置，形成了自适应过程，也就是说网络需要多少能量， 就会去要求获取，通过这一过程大大提高了无线参数设置的准确性，如图3所示：The initial goal hypothesis network quality setting is Q1, the actual quality of feedback network is Q2; and then takes Q2 as the goal of quality, the network will feedback to the Q4 Q

40、3 Q3Dueto the slope of the P curve was 1, so the network feedback will gradually converge, so that the network operating point of infinite approximation of the P line, achieve the best network quality. In the process of eliminating the human to set the parameters of speculation, but by the network f

41、eedback decision parameter setting, formation of the adaptive process, that is to say the network need to how much energy, will require access to, through this process greatly improves the accuracy of wireless parameter settings, as shown in figure 3:2.3变色龙算法下的参数设置Set the parameters of 2.3 chameleon

42、 algorithm.GSM厂家功控算法的理想目标是在质量允许的条件下功率尽可能低，这就需要去寻找 这个质量和电平的稳定区域。大多数优化人员会根据经验定一套区间参数放到现网上运行， 细致点的可能会考虑分场景设置功控参数。然而，什么样的设置才能真正满足适合场景、规 划、话务、外部干扰等多种变量引起的功率需求变动呢？Ideal power control algorithm for GSM manufacturers in quality under the conditions allowed power as low as possible, the stable region which n

43、eeds to look for the quality and level of. Most optimization personnel according to experience a set of interval parameters in the online operation, detailed point may be considered in setting parameters of power control. However, what settings can really meet the power demand for the scene, plannin

44、g, traffic, external interference and other variables caused changes?变色龙算法的第三步是将靶心图中的质量区间和电平区间尽量重叠，使功率趋于稳定， 并且尽可能地降低发射功率，减少整网的干扰。这样做能使电平和质量做合理转换，因为在 GSM网内质量的参数设定为07,电平设定为-110dBm-47dBm，显然电平设置更为精细， 质量区间和电平区间靠近的好处是不会由于两者的偏离导致功控方向的不确定。The third step is the chameleon algorithm will target chart of qualit

45、y interval and level interval to overlap, so that the power tends to be stable, and as far as possible to reduce the transmission power to reduce interference, the whole network. It can make the level and quality of reasonable conversion, because the parameters of quality in GSM network is set to 0

46、7, the level set is -110dBm -47dBm, apparently level setting more fine, close to the quality and level of interval interval is not good because of the uncertainty of the deviation caused power control direction.通过采集话务统计数据收集测量报告，进行电平质量二维整理，完成环境数据的收集。 某小区的情况如表1所示：Collect measurement reports by collect

47、ing traffic statistics, level quality 2D consolidation, completed the collection of environmental data. A small case such as shown in table 1:其中，填色部分的数字表示对应电平等级以下、下一级电平等级以上的对应上行质量等 级的采样点比例，所有填色格子相加为100。通过质量和电平的综合分析，能很方便地确定 稳定区域，实现质量和电平的等效转换。Among them, coloring number corresponding level under the l

48、evel, a level corresponding to uplink quality grade level above the sampling proportion, all fill lattice additive for 100. Through a comprehensive analysis of the quality and level, can easily determine the stability region, achieve equivalent quality and level conversion.由表1可见，电平强的时候，质差占比较低；而电平弱的时

49、候较高。功控的目的是保证 质量的情况下尽可能降低发射功率，也就是说合理设置功控电平区间，不宜设得过低引起质 差，不宜设得过高产生干扰。反馈的结果能进一步修正设置的精确度。Can be seen from table 1, when the level of strong, poor quality of relativelylow; and when the weak high level. Power control is to guarantee the quality of the case as far as possible to reduce the transmission po

50、wer, that is to say a reasonable set of power control level interval, should not be set too low due to poor quality, should not be too high to produce interference. The results can be further feedback correction setting accuracy.通过测量报告能清晰地了解干扰分布状况，进行精确功率分配，可以说有多少小区就有 多少场景，实现因地制宜。更精细的做法是可以根据不同时段进行功控参

51、数的设定，以适应 不同时段的话务和干扰分布，做到与时俱进。By measuring the reports can clearly understand the interference distribution, accurate power allocation, can be said that the number of cell to have how many scenes, realize the suit ones measures to local conditions. A more sophisticated approach is can according to di

52、fferent periods of power control parameter setting, in order to adapt to the distribution of the different periods of traffic and interference, and keep pace with the times.需要注意的是，在参数设置时以网络级或区域级的平均值为每个小区进行设置，这样就 能很好地完成各向同性的均衡工作。此外，在干扰分布中上行和下行的相关性不大，需分别 计算。Note that, in the parameter setting is set t

53、o the average value of network level or regional level for each cell, so as to complete work evenly isotropic well. In addition, not in the relationship between upstream and downstream distribution of interference, are calculated.变色龙算法最终达到的效果将是降低干扰，极少功率浪费。网络运行至P点位置，总 体指标提升。Chameleon algorithm to achieve the effect will be to reduce interference, very little power waste.Network operation to point P position, enhance the overall index.2.4变色龙算法在3G网络的应用Application of 2.4 chameleon algorithm in 3G network变色龙算法对于CDMA或3G网络实施起来更为简单，只需对BLER进行收敛，即可 取得P点运行效果。可以根据不同业务的BLER(Block Error