数学英语词汇大全

1、数学英语词汇数学mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加数augend,summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v

2、.),multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand,faciend乘数multiplicator积product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan运算符operator数字digit数number自然数naturalnumber整数integer小数de

3、cimal小数点decimalpoint分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null,zero,nought,nil十进制decimalsystem二进制binarysystem十六进制hexadecimalsystem权weight,significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效数字significantdigit无效数字insignificantdigit代数algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)单项式mo

4、nomial多项式polynomial,multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthp

5、ower开方evolution,extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,thenthroot集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain,fieldofdefinition值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象imag

6、e数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definiteintegral不定积分indefiniteintegral有理数rationalnumber无理数irrationalnumber实数realnumber虚数imaginarynumber复数complexnumber矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radi

7、al平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acuteangle直角rightangle钝角obtuseangle平角straightangle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem钝角三角形obtusetriangle不等边三角形scalenetriangle等腰三角形isoscelestriangle等边三角形equilateraltriangle四边形q

8、uadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateralpolygon圆circle圆心centre(BrE),center(A

9、mE)半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus,loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedr

10、on多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustumofaprism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustumofacone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surfacearea体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis,y-axis,z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotang

11、ent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arcsine反余弦arccosine反正切arctangent反余切arccotangent反正割arcsecant反余割arccosecant相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE),incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE),excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE),escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE),orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE),barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribedcircle外切圆c

12、ircumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weightedaverage方差variance标准差root-mean-squaredeviation,standarddeviation比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normaldistribution非正态分布abnormaldistribution图表graph条形统计图bargraph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图

13、brokenlinegraph曲线统计图curvediagram扇形统计图piediagram数学专业英语词汇代数部分1.有关数*算add，plus加?subtract减?difference差?multiply,times乘?product积?divide除?divisible可被整除的?dividedevenly被整除?dividend被除数，红利?divisor因子，除数?quotient商?remainder余数?factorial阶乘?power乘方?radicalsign,rootsign根号?roundto四舍五入?tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集?pr

14、opersubset真子集?solutionset解集?有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraicterm代数项?liketerms,similarterms同类项?numericalcoefficient数字系数?literalcoefficient字母系数?inequality不等式?triangleinequality三角不等式?range值域?originalequation原方程?equivalentequation同解方程，等价方程?linearequation线性方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22)?有关分数和小数properfraction真分数?improperfraction

15、假分数?mixednumber带分数?vulgarfraction，commonfraction普通分数?simplefraction简分数?complexfraction繁分数?numerator分子?denominator分母?(least)commondenominator(最小)公分母?quarter四分之一?decimalfraction纯小数?infinitedecimal无穷小数recurringdecimal循环小数?tenthsunit十分位?5.基本数学概念?arithmeticmean算术平均值?weightedaverage加权平均值?geometricmean几何平均

16、数?exponent指数，幂?base乘幂的底数,底边?cube立方数，立方体?squareroot平方根?cuberoot立方根?commonlogarithm常用对数?digit数字?constant常数?variable变量?inversefunction反函数?complementaryfunction余函数?linear一次的，线性的?factorization因式分解?absolutevalue绝对值，e.g.I-32I=32?roundoff四舍五入?6.?有关数论?naturalnumber自然数?positivenumber正数?negativenumber负数?oddint

17、eger,oddnumber奇数?eveninteger,evennumber偶数?integer,wholenumber整数?positivewholenumber正整数?negativewholenumber负整数?consecutivenumber连续整数?realnumber,rationalnumber实数,有理数?irrational(number)无理数?inverse倒数?compositenumber合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15.?primenumber质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15注意：所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数，但奇数不一定是质数re

18、ciprocal倒数?commondivisor公约数?multiple倍数?(least)commonmultiple(最小)公倍数?(prime)factor(质)因子?commonfactor公因子?ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制?nonnegative非负的?tens十位?units个位?mode众数?median中数?commonratio公比?数列arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差数列?geometricprogression(sequence)等比数列?其它?approximate近似?(anti)clockwise(逆

19、)顺时针方向?cardinal基数?ordinal序数?directproportion正比?distinct不同的?estimation估计，近似?parentheses括号?proportion比例?permutation排列?combination组合?table表格?trigonometricfunction三角函数?unit单位,位?几何部分1.所有的角alternateangle内错角?correspondingangle同位角?verticalangle对顶角?centralangle圆心角?interiorangle内角?exteriorangle外角?supplementar

20、yangles补角?complementaryangle余角?adjacentangle邻角?acuteangle锐角?obtuseangle钝角?rightangle直角?roundangle周角?straightangle平角?includedangle夹角?所有的三角形equilateraltriangle等边三角形?scalenetriangle不等边三角形?isoscelestriangle等腰三角形?righttriangle直角三角形?oblique斜三角形?inscribedtriangle内接三角形?有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外?semicircle半圆?concentri

21、ccircles同心圆?quadrilateral四边形?pentagon五边形?hexagon六边形?heptagon七边形?octagon八边形?nonagon九边形?decagon十边形?polygon多边形?parallelogram平行四边形?equilateral等边形?plane平面?square正方形，平方?rectangle长方形?regularpolygon正多边形?rhombus菱形?trapezoid梯形?其它平面图形arc弧?line,straightline直线?linesegment线段?parallellines平行线?segmentofacircle弧形?有关

22、立体图形cube立方体，立方数?rectangularsolid长方体?regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面体?circularcylinder圆柱体?cone圆锥?sphere球体?solid立体的?有关图形上的附属物altitude高?depth深度?side边长?circumference,perimeter周长?radian弧度?surfacearea表面积?volume体积?arm直角三角形的股?crosssection横截面?centerofacircle圆心?chord弦?radius半径?anglebisector角平分线?diagonal对角线?

23、diameter直径?edge棱?faceofasolid立体的面?hypotenuse斜边?includedside夹边?leg三角形的直角边?medianofatriangle三角形的中线?base底边，底数（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数）？opposite直角三角形中的对边?midpoint中点？endpoint端点？vertex（复数形式vertices）顶点？tangent切线的？transversal截线？intercept截距？7.？有关坐标？coordinatesystem坐标系？rectangularcoordinate直角坐标系？origin原点？abscissa横坐标？

24、ordinate纵坐标？numberline数轴？quadrant象限？slope斜率？complexplane复平面？8.？其它planegeometry平面几何？trigonometry三角学？bisect平分？circumscribe外切？inscribe内切？intersect相交？perpendicular垂直？pythagoreantheorem勾股定理？congruent全等的？multilateral多边的？其它？1.？单位类？cent美分？penny一美分硬币？nickel5美分硬币？dime一角硬币？dozen打（12个）？score廿（20个）?Centigrade摄氏?Fahrenheit华氏?quart夸脱?gallon加仑（1gallon=4quart）?yard码?meter米?micron微米?inch英寸?foot英尺?minute分（角度的度量单位，60分=1度）?squareme