动词时态复习-完整版PPT

1、动词时态复习一般现在时一般现在时常表示： 1.客观事实或普遍真理2.经常发生，反复进行的动作或状态 3.主语现有的特征常与下列时间状语连用：1）often, always, usually, sometimes, never等:It never snows in Australia in December.They usually go to school by bike.2)once a year, twice a month, every year/week/day, every two days等：He writes to his father twice a month.3)有时可与表

2、示未来的时间状语连用，表达按规定，计划或安排要发生的情况， 此类状语有：at 11:30, tomorrow, tonight, now等：Where do we go now?现在进行时现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，常与时间状语now, this week, these days 等连用。另外，我们还要注意句中的隐含条件（如：look, listen, Its nine oclock等）。如：The student are doing their homework.You are working on a farm these days.Whom are you wait

3、ing for?有些动词如come, go, leave, begin, stay, start 等的现在进行时可以表示预定的或即将发生的动作，句中常有表示将来的状语:Im leaving on Sunday morning.Jim is coming here this evening.一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态。用于一般过去时的时间状语有：1）at that time, at that moment, just now, just thenTom was here just now.2)yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/even

4、ing, last night/week/month/Sunday/January等。I called you last night, but you werent at home.3)during the holidays, a few days/weeks/years agoI finished the work a few days ago.4) 由when, while, before, after, whenever等。When we reached London, it was twelve oclock.5) “in (on或 at)+一个过去的时间”，如 in 1980, on

5、 the morning of July 2nd, at 10:00等。如：This story happened in 2003. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语连用。如：1) tomorrow, today, tonight 2) next spring/ week/ month/ year3) during this term 4) first, next 5) when I grow upWhat will you do next week?Well only stay for two weeks.过去将来时过去将来时指的是立足于过去某时，从过

6、去的观点看将来发生的动作， 常用的时间状语有：1)yesterday, the next day, that day/night2)the following week 3) last 4) by then5)when he grew up, after it stopped rainingThey said that they would have a basketball match with Class Two this afternoon.过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：1)at this time last night, at 9:00 yest

7、erday2)when I saw him; while I was watching TV3)from seven to nine4)yesterday, last year, yesterday morningWhat were you doing this time yesterday?He was drawing an elephant on the blackboard when the teacher came in.现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的结果或影响，也可指过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：1)now, today, tonight,

8、 this week/month/year2)yet, already, just, recently3)since引导的时间状语或时间状语从句4)for引导的表示一段时间的状语Ive been here for just over two years.Hes been here since two years ago.过去完成时过去完成时表示过去某一动作或时间前已发生或完成的动作，也可指从过去某时开始到过去另一时间为止的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”，常用时间状语有：1)before I went to the cinema; when I got there2)by last year, b

9、y the end of last termThe meeting had begun when we got there.We had learned about 1,000 English words by the end of last term.它还可表示从过去某一时间开始持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，往往和由for 或 since引导的时间状语连用，如：Mr White had lived in Beijing for two years before he moved to Canada.延续性动词与终止性动词动词按其动作发生方式，动作发生过程的长短，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

10、延续性动词表示的是一种延续的动作， 这种动词可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。 如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live等。终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示的动作发生立即结束，产生某种结果。如： leave, start, set out, arrive, reach, get to, begin, stop, shut, turn off, marry, put, put on, get up, wake, fall, join, receive, fi

11、nish, end, complete, become, come, go, die, close, open, break, give, jump, buy, borrow等。1终止性动词的用法1)终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：The plane has arrived.I have finished my homework.2)终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续，所以现在完成时（肯定式）不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：不能说 He has come here for three months.应该说 He has been here for three

12、 months.将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buy have borrow keep come/go/become be catch/get a cold have a cold get to know knowbe+名词 join the Party be a Party member go to school be a studentbe+形容词/副词 leave be away （from) die be dead put on be on finish/end be over begin/start be o

13、n come be here/in fall asleep be asleep go out be outd. be+介词短语 go to school be in/at school join the Army be in the Armye.去掉短语中的暂短性动词 come to work work begin to study studyB. 把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时He come here three months ago.C.用 “It is/ has been +一段时间 +since(一般过去时)”结构。It is/ has be

14、en three months since he came here.D. 用“多长时间+has passed + since(一般过去时)”结构： Three months has passed since he came here.3) 暂短性动词现在完成时的否定式，已成为一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：I havent heard form him for two weeks.He hasnt left here since 1990.4)暂短性动词的否定式同until一起连用，构成 “ not until”结构，表示这个动作直到until所表达的时间到来时才发

15、生。如：We wont go to visit the Great Wall until the rain stops. - When did you go to bed last night?-I didnt go to bed until my father got home.5) 在while(表示一段时间)引导的从句中，不能用暂短性动词，但when可以，因为when可表示时间点，也可表示时间段误：While I got to the village, it was dark.正：When I got to the village, it was dark.6)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能和how long连用。如：误：How long have you borrow the book?正：How long have you kept the book? 正：When did you borrow the book?2.延续性动词的用法1)延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，可以与时间段连用：I have waited for him for nearly two hours.2)延续性动词不可以与时间点连用误： It ra