《主谓一致》教学设计

1、中考英语语法专项复习：主谓一致教学设计北戴河新区长白学校 姜殿凤考情分析： “主谓一致”是每年中考的必考知识点，平均每年一道题。学情分析：学生需要对该语法项目进行系统的归纳和总结，并灵活运用所学知识点。教师的精确点拨可以帮助学生更好地掌握语法知识。复习目标：能掌握主谓一致的基本原则。能在具体的练习题中总结归纳有关主谓一致的规则。能体验到自主学习的重要性、探究学习并完成任务的快乐。复习重点和难点：重点：主谓一致应遵循的三个基本原则。难点：一些代词、集合名词等作主语时应遵循的原则。复习策略：自主复习 合作探究 精心点拨 模拟演练 归纳总结教学过程：Step :导入播放幻灯片“中考导航” ，使学生了

2、解“主谓一致”是中考中的高频考点。中考导航：考点河北省卷近五年中考统计高频 考点20122013201420152016主谓致语法一致意义一致就近原则考情分析： 从近五年考查情况看， 主谓一致是每年的必考点， 每年 均考查一道题目。 2017 年备考时要熟练掌握主谓一致的各种情形， 并做适量的练习来掌握和巩固。设计意图：使学生了解“主谓一致”是中考中的高频考点。Step :考点突破 学生探究，教师精确点拨，突破考点。主谓一致的含义(幻灯片 3 ) 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致三原则： (幻灯片 4 )语法一致原则： 指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系。主语为单数形

3、式， 谓语动词用单数形式 ;反之 ,谓语动词用复数形式 .Tom _(be) a good student.They often (play) football on the playground.意义一致原则： (幻灯片 5 )指谓语动词的单 ,复数要取决于主语所表达的概念 ,而不取决于表 面上的语法标记 . 指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动 词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动 词用单数形式。My family (is, are) having lunch now.Maths (is, are) difficult for me.就近一致原则： (幻灯片

4、 6 ) 指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致 .Not only the teacher but also his students (like)playing football.There (be) a pen and some books on the desk.突破考点：名词作主语： (幻灯片 7 12 )单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词 作主语，谓语用复数形式。The desk (be) Tom s.Some water (be) in the bottle.The students (be) playing fo

5、otball on the playground.某些集体名词， 如 family, team, club ， class ，public ， group 等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就 其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。His family (be) a happy one.The whole family (be) watching TV .某些集体名词，如 people, police ,clothes 等，只当复数 看待，谓语动词必须用复数。The police ( be) searching for the thief.单、复数同形的名词如 she

6、ep, deer,fish, Chinese, Japanese 主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。A sheep (be) over there.Some sheep (be) over there.名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、 工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。The doctor s is across the street. My uncle s is not far from here.常见的省略名词有： the baker s(面包房) , the barber s(理 发店) , the Zhang s(张家)等。注: the 姓氏名词的复数形式

7、则表示一家人。The Greens (is, are) having breakfast now.表示成双成套的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式， 例如： glasses, shoes, chopsticks, pants 等。The pants (is, are) mine.My glasses (is, are) on the table.但如果主语用“ a kind of, a pair of , 等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式A pair of shoes (were, was) under the desk.Two pairs of shoes (were, was)

8、under the desk.7当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构 等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。The United States ( is, are) in North America.8 news ， maths ， physics ，politics 等词貌似复数，实为单 数，其谓语动词用单数 .No news (is, are) good news.Maths (is, are) very popular in our class .连接词连接的名词作主语 : (幻灯片 13 16 ) 用 and 或 both and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通

9、常用复数 形式。Walking and riding are good exercises.注： A：并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。否则，用复数。 这种情况常有两种结构形式： a/the+n+and+n ，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+n+and+a/the+n ，指两个人或物。The writer and teacher is coming.The writer and the teacher are coming.B：由 and 连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, 等修饰时，结构是 each/every+n.+and +(ea

10、ch/every)+n. ，其谓语动 词要用单数形式。Each boy and each girl has got a seat.Every man and every woman is at work.当主语后面跟有 as well as, along with, with, like, together with, but, except, besides, including,等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由前面的主语而定。判断画线部分对错：The teacher as well as the students were reading in the library. ( ) TO

11、C o 1-5 h z The woman with two children are my aunt.()Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football. ()The students ,including their teacher, is going to meetthe brave man.()Nobody except Mr. Li and Mrs. Li likes sports.()Mr. Li besides his sons like sports. ()以 either or, neither nor,not only but

12、 also,not but 等连接的名词(代词)作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应 根据就近一致的原则。Either you or he (is, are) to go.Not one but all of us (is, are) hoping to be there.There be 结构，依据就近一致的原则。There_ (be) a book , two pens on the desk.There (be) two pens , a book in the desk.代词作主语： (幻灯片 17 19 )1名词性物主代词作主语时，既可以用作单数，也可以用作复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是

13、复数Ours (Our Party) (is, are) a great party.Your shoes are black, and mine (is, are) brown.3疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数 意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单 数。Who (is, are) your brother?Who (is, are) League members?不定代词 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody,

14、no one, nothing, either, neither, each, the other, another 作主语，谓语动词用单数。Nobody was in.Is everyone here today.Something is wrong with him.(4) None of them has/have seen the film.(5) Either of the boys is ready.(6) Neither of these words is correct.( 7) Each of the pens costs three dollars.分数和量词作主语： (幻

15、灯片 20 - 23 )1由“ a lot of, lots of ，plenty of, all of, most of, some of, half of, (a) part of, rest of ”构成的短语作主语时， 其谓语动词要与 短语中 of 后面的名词的数保持一致 .( 1)All of the food (is, are) ready.All of the workers (is, are)working.(2) Part of the work (is, are) been done by us。Part of the students (have, has) gone.2

16、 表示数量的 one and a half 后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短 语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。One and a half bananas (is, are)left on the table.3 表示时间，价格，度量、距离、金额、书名，重量，数目，长 度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概 念，谓语用单数形式。(1) Two months is a long holiday.(2) Twenty pounds isn t so heavy.(3) Ten miles isn t a long distance.Five minus four is one.The

17、 Arabian Nights is a book known to lovers ofEnglish.4分数 (百分数 )+of + 名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of 后面的名词的数。Ten percent of the apples (was, were) bad .注意 : population 一词，用作整体时， 谓语动词用单数，用其 部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。The population of China(be)1.36 billion and 70% ofthe population (be) peasants5a number of 后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用

18、复数形式；但 the number of 后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。 The number of the teachers in No. 2 Middle School (be) over 100.A number of them (be) young.名词化的形容词作主语： (幻灯片 24 )如果主语由“ the+ 形容词”结构担任表示一类人或物时，谓语通 常用复数， 这类词有： the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb.The rich oft

19、en (help, helps) the poor.从句，动词不定式，动名词作主语： (幻灯片 25 ) 1 由 what 引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内 容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。What we need _ (is, are) more time.What we need (is, are) doctors.2动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。To see (is, are) to believeDoing eye exercises (is, are) good for your eyes.设计意图：通过合作探究，教师点拨的方式，让学生理解

20、知识脉 络，突破各个难点。Step .模拟演练(幻灯片 26 28 ) 学生完成模拟练习，教师精确点拨。1 Each of the students a dictionary.A. haveB. isC. areD. has2 How time flies! Ten years passed.have B. has C. is D. areNot only his parents but also his brother to theSummer Palace. They haven t been back.A. have been B. have goneC. has been4 Look!

21、 ThereD. has goneplaying with the tourists on Dahe SquareA. are a number of deerare a number of deersis a number of deeris a number of deers5The Smithssending e-mails letters.because itis faster.6A. prefer,to writingC. prefers ， to writingEveryone except Bill and JimB. prefer ，D. prefersthere when t

22、heto writeto writemeeting began .A. wasB. isC. areD.were7Either Jane or Stevenwatching TV now.A. wereB. isC. areD.was8. The Olympic Gamesheld everyyears.fiveA. is ，fourB. are ，fourC. is ， five D. are ，Look, here come some A. dogB. horseC. deerD. cowEach man and each woman asked to help whenthe fire broke out.A. is B. was C. are D. wereAbout 60 percent of the students from the south;the rest of them _ from the north and foreign countries.A. are; is B. is; is C. is; areD. are; areThey said the eigh