九年级级下Unit5 Sports教学grammar课件

1、Review Of Tenses动词的时态 不同时间发生的动作在英语中要用动词的不同的形式来对应表达。这种不同的变化形式就叫做时态。 英语中有16种时态，我们要掌握常见的8种时态。现在过去将来过去将来一般I work.I worked.I shall work.I should work.进行I am working.I was working.I shall be working.I should be working.完成I have worked.I had worked.I shall have worked.I should have worked.完成进行I have been w

2、orking.I had been working. I shall have been working.I should have been working.1一般现在时 原形/第三人称单数2一般过去时 过去式3现在进行时 am/is/are+现在分词4过去进行时 was/were+现在分词5一般将来时 shall/will/be going to+动词原形6过去将来时 would/was/were going to+动词原形7现在完成时 have/has+过去分词8过去完成时 had+过去分词各种时态的动词结构学好英语时态的四个关键: 1.牢记动词四种形式变化;2. 牢记动词各种时态的动词

3、结构:3. 牢记与各种时态搭配的时间状语和副词4. 牢记各种时态使用的语言环境:几种时态的区别一般现在时与现在进行的用法区别 1. 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作；而现在进行时则表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。试比较： 1）What are you doing now?(暂时性的) 2） What do you do?（经常性的） 2.一些感官动词和心理状态动词不能用于进行时，但可用于一般现在时。这类动词常见的有：see, hear, smell, taste(品尝)，look（看起来），sound, feel, want, believe, think (认为),know, seem 等

4、。例如：1）The dish tastes delicious. 2)He wants to go at once.一般现在时用于说明事实，一般不带有感情色彩；而现在进行时与always等连用，带有“羡慕”、“赞赏”、“讨厌”等感情色彩。试比较： She always lives happily. (陈述事实) She is always living happily.（羡慕） He is always telling a lie. (讨厌)注意点一般现在时常与always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, in the morning等连用；而现在

5、进行时常与now, today和表祈使语气look, listen等动词连用。试比较：1) He usually gets up at 5 in the morning. 2) Look! A plane is flying in the sky. 一般过去时与过去进行时的用法区别 1. 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，往往表示动作已完成；而过去进行时则表示过去某时或某段时间正进行的动作，动作不一定完成。试比较： 1) He wrote a letter last night. (信已写完) 2）He was writing a letter last night.（信不一定写完）。

6、 2.一般过去时和过去进行时都可以表示过去某段时间内发生的动作或状态，但一般过去时用于说明事实，而过去进行时通常用来说明短暂性的动作，侧重于持续的时间。 试比较：1) It rained yesterday morning. (说明事实) 2)It was raining yesterday morning.(强调动作的持续性) 注意点过去进行时常与this time yesterday, at that time, at 7 oclock yesterday morning等表示时间点的状语连用。 试比较:1)He was making a model plane this time yes

7、terday. 2)He made a model plane yesterday. 一般过去时与现在完成时的用法区别 一般过去时表示过去地动作或存在的状态，与现在无关；而现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在所造成的影响结果，或表示动作从过去某时持续到现在，与现在有联系。 试比较：1）I opened the window.(现在不一定开着) 2）Ive just opened the window.(现在仍然开着)注意点现在完成时的着眼点不是动作发生的时间，而是动作的结果，因此不能和表示确定的过去时间状语连用，但可与already, just, yet, ever, never, these da

8、ys, since,for,in the past few days 等连用；而一般过去时则着眼于动作发生的时间，因此若句中有表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday, a moment ago, last night, just now, before 1991等，就要用一般过去时，而不能用现在完成时。例如：Have you had your breakfast yet? Yes I had it at six.一般过去时与过去完成时的用法区别 1.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作可存在的状态，而过去完成时则表示动作或存在的状态是在过去某一时间前发生的,即“过去的过去”。列如：1）I went

9、to bed after I had finished my homework.2)By the end of last term, we had learned eight hundred English words. 3) He told me that he had done the work. 2. 表示连续的动作常用and, but, then等连接（动作发生的先后顺序有时可由动词的词汇意义来表示），这一动作通常用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时。例如： 1）Mr. Smith came in, changed his clothes and went out again. 2）He f

10、inished the work yesterday. 中考试题精选Shall we go on a picnic this weekend? _ Good idea, unless it _（2009湖北黄石） A. rains B. will rain C. doesnt rain D. wont rainExercise2. These pictures _ when we took a trip to Mount Tai. (2013湖北黄冈) A. took B. take C. were taken D. will be taken3. They _ all their money

11、 , so they have to walk home now.(2012丰台) A. have spent B. spend C. spent D. are spending 4. He has already gone to America ? _ when _ he _ there?（2011浙江） A. will , go B. is; going C. did , go D. does; go5. where is your father?（2012苏州） he _ to Australia on business. A. has been B. has gone C. went

12、D. will go P71Complete the paragraph below using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.My best friend James 1) (be) a fan of Manchester United since he was 12 years old. He 1) (watch) TV one day when a football match came on. Manchester United 3) (play) against another team and 4) (win). He enj

13、oyed the game a lot. Now he 5) (watch)every game they play. He always 6) (wear) his red football shirt too. This weekend is very special for him. He 7) (travel)to Manchester to watch a live has beenwas watchingplayedwonis watchingwearstravelsP71Complete the paragraph below using the correct forms of

14、 the verbs in brackets.match. After the match, he 8) （meet）some of the players. He is very excited! meetsThe Passive Voice（被动语态）Four动词的语态英语动词有两种语态：1)主动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者2)被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。各种时态被动语态的构成:一般现在时 am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时 was/were+过去分词一般将来时 shall/will/be going to+be+过去分词含情态动词 情态动词+be+过去分词现在进行

15、时 am/is/are+being+过去分词过去进行时 Was/were+being+过去分词现在完成时 have/has+been+过去分词Lead inA recorder is used in our English class every day. recorder, use, class use, for, photo football, play, worldFootball is played all over the world.Cameras are used for taking photos. bank, rob yesterdaysatellite,send up, l

16、ast yearA man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.The bank was robbed yesterday.send to, hospital, right now a talk, give , soonThey must be sent to the hospital right now.A talk will be given soon.The hamburger has been eaten up already.hamburger, already, eat upFootball is played all o

17、ver the world.A camera is used for taking photos. A bank was robbed yesterday.A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.The tree must be planted on the ground.ReadThe ground will be covered with trees in a few years time. They will be sent to the hospital right now.A talk will be given s

18、oon.The food has been eaten up already.ReadConclusion:一般现在时 amis are + v.p.p. 一般过去时 waswere +v.p.p. 一般将来时 will bebe going to be + v.p.p.情态动词 aux.v. (mustcancould may) + be + v.p.p.现在完成时 have/has +been+ v.p.p.被动语态的构成：be +vt.p.p.被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 。 英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voic

19、e)What is it?A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.When to use it? （1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或 没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。（2）当我们需要强调动作承受者，而不是动作的执行者。这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的) 。这些恐龙蛋是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。 （强调恐龙蛋被发现而不是强调由谁发现） The dictionary is well kept. These dinosaur eggs were found i

20、n the 1920s. the Structure is助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 (be+V.P.P) 主动语态转化为被动语态的三部曲:1.主动结构宾语变为被动结构主语。2.谓语动词变为被动语态。3.主动结构主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介 词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动词执行者无须说明或强调时，by短语可以省略。Nancy designed the educational CD-ROM.主语谓语宾语The educational CD-ROMwas designedby Nancy.1. Many people speak English.English2. He bough

21、t me a new bike yesterday. I A new bike 3. The boss made him do the heavy work.Heis spokenby many people.was boughta new bike yesterday.was bought yesterday.was made the heavy work.for meto do What will happen in 100 years. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义 1、不及物动词无被动语态。表示发生的(take place happen occur) , break out f

22、it cost last belong to agree with 等使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： read write sell wash clean cook 常常与well badly easily smoothly 等副词连用 不用被动语态 (注意 一定要与副词连用 .否则可用被动语态 .This pen writes well.This new book sells well.比较 The apples sell well /The apples are sold yesterday The door cant open 4 smell taste feel look sound

23、prove turn up (出现) 作连系动词 与形容词连用时不用被动语态3 open move shut lock keep 常常与 cant wont hardly 等连用时 不用被动语态使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 5 感官动词see watch hear 等或使役动词make have let 使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。The boss made the little boy do heavy work. The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. He gave

24、me a book.A book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father. 6. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 7 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。We cant laugh

25、at him. He cant be laugh at by us.He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day.The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： A traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, f

26、eel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, becomePeking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:The pen _ (write) very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _ (sell) well. sells1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, dissapear, 不用被动语态的动词：P72 B1 In pairs, ask and answer questions about the pictur

27、es below and on the next page. Follow the example.S1: Where is bread baked?S2: Bread is baked in a bakery.bread baked?reference books stored?money kept?B1 In pairs, ask and answer questions about the pictures below and on the next page. Follow the example.S1: Where is bread baked?S2: Bread is baked

28、in a bakery.cars made?football matches played?films shown?P73-B2 In pairs, ask and answer questions. Follow the example.1. In 1879, Thomas Edison invented the first practical light bulb.S1: Who invented the first practical light bulb?S2: It was invented by Thomas Edison.S1: When was it invented?S2:

29、It was invented in 1879.P73-B2 In pairs, ask and answer questions. Follow the example.2. In 1492, Columbus discovered America.3. The Chinese people played an ancient form of football more than 2,000 years ago.4. The ancient Greeks held the first Olympic Games more than 2,700 years ago.P73-B3 Change

30、the sentences below into the passive voice.1. Paul scored a goal in the last minute.2. She threw the ball high into the air.3. Our school will hold the Sports Day on 15th March.A goal was scored by Paul in the last minute.The ball was thrown by her high into the air.The Sports Day will be held by ou

31、r school on 15th March.P73-B3 Change the sentences below into the passive voice.4. He cleans his gloves after every game.5. Millions of people will watch the Olympic Games.6. He is going to make a poster about popular sport.His gloves are cleaned by him after every game.The Olympic Games will be wat

32、ched by millions of people.A poster about popular sport is going to be made by him. 一、选择正确答案： 1. Do you know what _? A. it calls B. does it call C.it is called D. is it called 2. My lost car _ yesterday. A. will be found B. was found C. has found D. found3. Who was the book _? A .written by B. will

33、be write by C. has been written with D. can be written by 4. An English song _ on the radio. A.will teach B. will be taught C.has taught D. can be teach 5. Must the composition _ in an hour? A. will be finished B. has been finished C.is finished D. be finishedCBABDExercise1 The Peoples Republic of C

34、hina _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found 2 English _ in Canada. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B

35、. made C. is making D. is made 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used6 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep BDDDCB7 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold 8 A n

36、ew house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building 9 The key _ on the table when I left. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left 10 Doctors _ in every part of the world.need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need11His new book_ next month. A. will be published B. is