高中英语词汇汇编(全套)

1、高中英语词汇汇编 Unit Oneabandon vt. go away from( a person or thing or place) not intending to return; desert 放弃，抛弃 词组 abadon ones home 离弃家园abadon ones wife 遗弃妻子an abandoned baby 被抛弃的孩子abadon ones research for lack of fund 由于缺乏资金放弃研究abandon oneself to 沉溺于ability n. capacity or power to do sth physical or m

2、ental 能力词组 to the best of ones ability 尽自己最大努力例句 I believe your ability to bring out the best in others. 我相信你有充分发挥别人潜力的能力ableadj. having knowledge or skill; capable 有能力的， 能干的反义词：unable词组be able to do be capable of 有能力做某事辨析able capable两个都指“有才能的”， able所指的意义，高过capable 一级如 an able man 能应付各种事情的人（指非常的），而a

3、 capable man 能应付自如的人（指寻常的）；capable也可以用于贬义，表示此人什么事都干得出来。aboardadv. prep. on or into a ship, an aircraft, a train or a bus 在船（或飞机，车）上；上船，登机, 在船（或飞机，车）上词组go aboard 上船（飞机）welcome aboard请上船（飞机）aboutprep. on the subject of (sb/sth); concerning or regarding关于；around在周围；在各处；大约adv. (indicating position, stat

4、e, etc) here and there in (a place) 各处，周围词组be about to 刚要；正准备例句 He was about to leave when it began to rain.How about? What about? 关于怎么样？How about going to watch a football game? 去看足球赛怎么样？辨析 be to do be going to do be about to do be to do 表示计划或安排要做的事 be going to do表示打算要做但还没有安排好何时做的事 be about to do表示

5、某时突然想要做某事或表示过去刚要做某事时这时另一件事发生了,这时常与when词组例句 We are going to visit our former English teacher this winter holiday. 这个寒假我们打算去看看我们以前的英语老师。 We are to visit our English teacher on Feb 5th. 二月五日我们去看看我们的英语老师。 I was about to leave home when the doorbell rang. 我刚要出门，这时门铃响了。aboveprep. higher than something 在上面

6、；高于；超过反义词：belowadv. 在上面词组above all 最重要的是above average超过平均水平as indicated above如上所示above-mentioned上述的absentadj. not present 缺席,心不在焉反义词 presentv. fml to keep oneself away （正式）缺席，不在词组be absent from缺席be present at 出席absent-minded 心不在焉的absent expression茫然的表情 in the absence of= in ones absence有谁不在场in the p

7、resence of= in ones presence 有谁在场展开 absencen.反义词 presenceabsolute adj. complete, total 十足的，道地的；绝对的，完全的词组 an absolute idiot十足的傻瓜absolute power绝对的权利展开 absolutely adv.完全地；极其absorbvt. take sth in; include sth/sb as part of itself 吸收；接受；把并入；吸引（注意力，精力等）词组be absorbed in全神贯注于（同）be lost in; concentrate ones

8、attention/ mind onfocus ones mind/ attention onabstractadj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a phycial or practical existence 抽象的反义词：concretean abstract noun抽象名词n. 摘要，梗概词组in the abstract 抽象地说，一般地说accept v. take (sth offered) willingly接受，认可adj. acceptable 可以接受的辨析receive 表示“收到”，而accept

9、 表示“接受”，其反义词为refuse I received his invitation yesterday but I did not accept it. 昨天我受到了他的邀请，但是没有接受。admit 表示“接纳”，“吸收”某人加入某一组织，团体等 Soon he was admitted to British citizenship. 不久之后他便被接受为英国公民。accessn. means of approaching or entering( a place) 通道；opportunity or right to use sth or approach sth 接近；接近的机会

10、；享用权词组 a man of easy access 容易接近的人 have access to可以到达（进入）；能够使用（接近）例句 The only access to that building is along the muddy track. 进入那幢大楼的唯一通道就是这条泥泞的轨道。Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case. 只有几个人可以获取这个案例的全部事实。展开accessibleadj. 容易接近，得到或使用accidentn. event that happens unexpectedly a

11、nd causes damages, injury, etc.意外事件，事故词组a traffic accident交通事故by accident 偶然（同）by chanceaccidentally (反)on purpose例句 He owes his success to a mere accident 他的成功出于偶然展开 accidental adj.偶然的accompanyvt. to go with, as on a journey陪伴，陪同；to happen or exist at the same time伴随，和一起发生；to make supporting music

12、for为伴奏（或伴唱）例句 I was accompanied to the airport by my wife. 妻子陪我到机场。Suffering accompanied war. 灾难总是伴随着战争一起。He sang a folk song, accompanied by his wife at the piano. 他唱了一首民歌，他妻子钢琴伴奏展开 company n. 陪伴 keep sb. company陪伴accomplishv. to succeed in doing; finish successfully; perform 实行，完成词组accomplish ones

13、 purpose达到目的accomplish nothing一事无成accomplish wonders创造奇迹an accomplished young lady多才多艺的少女展开 accomplishedadj. 熟练的，已完成的，有教养的辨析accomplishcompletefinishachieve fulfilaccomplish指通过努力完成（某一任务，使命），取得（成就），达到（目的）等complete 较accomplish更具体，指把建筑，工程，书籍等完成finish 指完成日常琐事，接动名词作“结束”讲，而complete则不能如此。另外，finish指消极性的“完成”辨

14、析： I have finished the book. 我已读完这本书了。I have completed the book. 我已写完这本书了。fulfil 完成（计划，任务），达到（目的），强调的是对预期的或保证过的事情圆满完成，达到预想的目的和要求。I had fulfilled many of my youthful ambitions.我已实现了我年轻时的许多抱负。展开 achieve指排除困难，完成伟大功业，取得成就。according adv. 按照；根据词组according to根据accordinglyadv. 相应地accountn. a written or spok

15、en report; description记述，描述，报告n. a record or statement of money received and paid out, as by a bank or business, esp. for a particular period or at a particular date账，帐户n. 解释，说明vi. account for 说明的原因，是的原因vi. account for（在数量，比例方面）占词组give an account of叙述；报告pay ones account付帐keep accounts记账on account of

16、由于；因为 on no account决不takeinto account=take account of=take into consideration 考虑of no account不重要的on account以赊帐方式展开 accountant n. 会计人员accusev. to charge(someone)with doing wrong or breaking the law; blame 指责词组accuse sb. of sth.=charge sb.with sth. 控告某人the accused 被告the accuser 原告展开 accusation n. 指责，控

17、告accustomed adj. being in the habit of; used to习惯于；regular, usual 通常的，惯常的词组 表示“习惯于”be (get, become, grow) accustomed tobe (get, become, grow) used to（变得）习惯于adapt oneself to adjust oneself to使自己习惯于accustom oneself to例句 This is her accustomed hour to get up.这是她惯常的起床时间ache n. a continuous pain疼痛vi. to

18、have or suffer a continuous dull pain 疼痛，酸痛合成词toothache牙疼 headache头疼 stomachache胃疼辨析achepain hurtache 指一种辨析持久的疼痛，或因小病或失调引起的感觉 I have an ache in my stomach.我胃疼。 He is aching all over.他浑身痛。pain 指人体感到不舒服，是一般用语，可指身体或精神方面的痛 I have a sharp pain in the neck.我的颈部痛得很。hurt 指身体或精神的伤害，指“疼痛”时，为不及物动词 What you hav

19、e said hurt her.你说的伤到她了。 My fingers still hurt now.我的手指还在痛。achievevt. to finish successfully(esp. something, anything, nothing) 完成，实现，达到vi. 成功词组achieve ones aim 达成目标achieve nothing一事无成achieve success成功achieve a general increase in production实现逐步增长辨析（见accomplish词条）展开 achievement n. 成就，成绩acquire vt. t

20、o get for oneself by ones own work, skill, action, etc.取得，获得；学到词组acquire a property得到一笔财产acquire a large vocabulary学到大量词汇acquire confidence获得信心辨析acquireget obtain gainacquire 指（经过一个过程或通过自己的努力才）“获得”，“习得”get 为一般用语，表示“得”，“取得”等，常用在口语中obtain 比get文雅些，指凭着努力，要求等而“得到” Further information can be obtained from

21、 our head office. 可以从我们总部获得更多信息gain “取得”“赚得（利益等）”，含优势和成就等意味。 Nothing can be gained without an effort. 不劳则无获。across prep. from one side to the other of穿过， 横过， 在的对面adv. 从 边到另一边；宽，横词组come =run across 碰到某人或遭遇某事get across惹（某人）不高兴put across哄骗（使相信或接受）get sth. across使人理解,领会put sth. across讲清楚，使人听懂The stream

22、is 6 feet across.这条小溪六尺宽。He was unable to get across to the group what he meant.他无法让人了解他什么意思。We must learn how to put our ideas across.我们必须学会讲清楚我们的观点。辨析acrossthroughacross 指平面的穿过through指空间的穿过辨析across the river/ street/ desert/ plain through the forest/ window/ gateactvi. To take action行动；做，做事；to rep

23、resent ( a part) or perform by action表演vt. 扮演（角色）n. 行为，动作；法令；条例词组act on/ upon1. 根据行事2对产生影响，对起作用act on the teachers instructions遵照老师的指令Acids act on metals.酸对金属起作用。in the act of正做的过程中 an act of great daring英勇的行为an education act教育法例句 She acted wisely in this matter.她在这事上做得很明智。He wasnt acting like himse

24、lf.他的举止反常。He acts very well in the play.他在剧中演得很好He acted Romeo.他演罗密欧。actionprocess of doing something n. 行动词组take action 采取行动out of action不（再）起作用，不（再）运转go /come into action开始战斗，开始行动辨析actionactactivityact 指短暂，个别的，具体的“行为”action 偏重于抽象的，占时较长的“行为”，“行为过程”，更具有连续性。activity指活动例句The thief was caught in the ve

25、ry act of stealing.小偷在行窃时被逮捕。Firm action must be taken to prevent such an accident from happening again.必须采取果断措施以防止此类事故再度发生。展开 classroom activity班级活动action 也常指做事的方法或效果action of a runner/ a medicine 跑步者的动作（药的作用）actions泛指人们的行为，常与呼应Actions speak louder than words.（谚语）事实胜于雄辩注：我们可以有如下表达a foolish/ kind/ b

26、rave act (or action)= an act( not action ) of foolishness/ kindness/ braveryactiveenergetic; quick; lively adj. 积极的，主动的词组be active in = take an active part in积极参加activelyadv. 积极地adapt v.make sth suitable for a new use, situation etc. 使适应，使适合；. v. alter or modify( a text) for televison, the stage, et

27、c. 修改，改编词组adapt oneself to使自己适应，习惯（见accustomed 词条）adapt to适应addv. put something together with sth else so as to increase the size, number, amount etc.加，添加；进一步说（或写），附带说明词组add up to = amount to = total = come to合计达，总计add to 增加add up加起来add to ones confusion/ difficulty增加困惑，困难例句 Three added to four make

28、s seven.3加4等于7Add all these figures and see what the total is.把这些数字加起来，看看是多少。addition n. adding, esp calculating the total of tow or more numbers 加；加法词组 in addition = besides另外，加之 in addition to = as well as = besides除之外（还有）展开 additional adj. 附加的，另外的address n. details of where a person lives, works

29、or can be found, and where letters , etc may be delivered 地址，住址；n. speech made to an audience演说，讲话 vt. （在信封或包裹上）写姓名，地址；向作（正式）讲话；对发表演说； 称呼；处理词组address oneself to向讲话，致力于辨析addressspeechlecturereporttalkaddress 指较正式隆重场合上所作的“演说”speech 普通用语，指在公共场合所作的经过准备的或无准备的“发言”lecture 学术性的“演讲”“讲座”report 事件及局势的报道（报告）或下级

30、给上级的报告talk非正式的讲话，用与较随便的场合 I went to a lecture he gave on literature. a political report I must have a long talk with him.adequate adj. sufficient 足够的，适当的；胜任的 反义词：inadequate辨析adequatesufficientenoughadequate 着重符合一个客观要求或标准，兼有“适当”之意sufficient较偏重分量或数量的“足够”，多用语书面语enough常用语，也较偏重分量或数量的“足够”His wages are ade

31、quate to support the family.他的工资足够养家了。adjustv. alter (sth) by a small amount so that it will fit or be right for use; regulate 调整；调节词组adjust oneself to调整以适应（见accustomed词条）adjust to适应例句 The body quickly adjust ( itself ) to changes in temperature. 身体迅速自行调节以适应气温的变化。admirevt. regard sb with respect, pl

32、easure, satisfaction etc. 赞赏，钦佩词组win the admiration of赢得的赞赏 be the admiration of成为（是）.的欣赏对象have/ display an admiration for对非常佩服（欣赏）展开 admirern. 崇拜者admirable adj. 可佩的admirably adv. 可佩地，非常地admiringly adv. 钦佩地，赞叹地admiration n. 欣赏，赞赏admit vt. allow sb/ sth to enter 允许进入，使进入；容纳；容许 recognize or acknowledg

33、e sth as true, confess sth. 承认+that clause/ doing/ n./ pron.词组admit tosth/doing sth承认；同向admit (having made )ones mistakes承认犯了错误be admitted into被录取例句 Only important personages were admitted to the opening ceremony.只有VIP才可参加开幕式This matter admits of no delay.这件事不容拖延。 This ticket will three to the conce

34、rt. 一张票可供三个人听音乐会。 George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。 I admit my mistake that I was wrong. 我承认我错了。 展开 admission n. 准许进入，入场费，费用advancev. come or go forward 前进，向前移动；make progress 取得进展；increase (a price)（价格等）上涨；pay before it is due to be paid预先发放，预先支付；bring (an event) to an earlier date 提前

35、，使提前发生；make a present (a claim or suggestio, etc) 提出（建议等）n. 前进，前移；进展，改进；（价格等）增加；预付（款等）adj. 预先的，先行的 词组in advance 在前面；预先，事先展开 advanced adj. 先进的，高级的；年迈的，后阶段的advantage n. conditon or circumstance that gives one superiotiy or success (esp when competing with others) 优势，好处 反义词：disadvantage词组take advantage

36、 of利用（某人的处境，弱点等）；利用（机会等）= make use ofhave (give sb.) an advantage over（使某人）在方面辨析有利；胜过have the advantage of 在某方面有优势to sbs advantage对（某人）有利turn sth. to advantage使发挥作用，充分利用例句 His British upbringing gives him certain advantages over other applicants. 他在英国成长受教育，这一背景使他比其他应征者略胜一筹。He has the advantage of sp

37、eaking four languages over others. 相比其他人，他有能说四门语言的优势。The lawyers letter said she would hear something to her advantage. 律师的信上说她会听到对她有利的消息。展开 advantageousadj. 有利的adventuren. unusual, exciting or dangerous experience or undertaking 冒险（性）；冒险活动；冒险经历；激动人心的活动（经历）；奇遇辨析adventure ventureadventure 指如探险等一般性的冒险

38、venture尤指在商业方面有风险的计划，投资，事业辨析his adventures in Africa他在非洲的冒险经历He thought the venture far too risky and didnt want to become involved.他认为这个计划风险性太大而不想参与。展开 adventurous adj. 冒险的adventurer n. 冒险家advicen. opinion given about what to do or how to behave 建议，劝告 （不可数） a piece of advice词组advise sb. to do sth.=

39、 try to persuade sb. to do sth. = try to persuade sb. into doing sth.建议某人做某事ask sb. for advice向某人要建议follow/ take ones advice听从某人的建议give sb. some advice on sth.给某人提建议it is advisable for sb. to do sth.对某人来说是可取的展开 advisev. 建议advisable adj.明智的，可取的，适当的affair n.thing (to be) done; concern; matter 事情，事件；(p

40、l.) 事务词组 public affairs公事private / personal affairs私事national /state affairs国事international affairs国际事务family affairs家事current affairs时事辨析affairmatterbusinessevent incidentaffair 涵义最广，可指已经发生的或必须去做的任何事情，也可泛指事务（用作复数时，指重大的或头绪较多的事情）matter 意为事情，指要考虑或处理的（小）事 money matters钱的事情 Whats the matter?=whats wrong

41、?business常指生意，商业，还可指任务，责任，正事 do business with与某人做生意go into business经商business hours 营业时间mind your own business ( affairs ) 少管闲事get down to business干正事Its none of your business.不关你的事Business is business.公事公办event 指重大事情 historical event历史事件 track and field event田径赛incident 指突发事件，事变或冲突 Xian incident西安事

42、变 border incidents边境事件affectvt. have an influence on (sb or sth.) 影响；（在感情方面）打动，震动; 假装词组have an affection for喜欢set ones affections on钟爱某人展开 effectn. 影响affection n. 喜爱,慈爱affectionate adj. 深情的affectionately adv.深情地affordv. have enough money, space, time etc for ( a special purpose) 提供；担负得起（费用）；抽出时间词组af

43、ford a holiday度假afford the time/ expense抽出时间（支付费用）afford to do 能够做某事afford sb. sth.提供某人某物辨析affordoffersupplyprovideafford供给，一般用于抽象名词，常用在can, be able to后offer 主动提供，出价offer sb. sth. 提供某人某物 offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 offer some money for sth.为某物出价supply 供应，补给（缺乏或不足的东西）（一般指付钱的） supply sb. with sth. = suppl

44、y sth. to sb.提供 The water works supply water to the people in this town. 水利工程给这个镇上的人们提供水。provide往往指免费提供provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. We provide the children with money and clothes. 我们为孩子们提供钱和衣物。afraidadj. frightened怕的（做表语用）词组be afraid ofbe afraid to do sth.be afraid that clause害怕辨析 be

45、 afraid to do be afraid of Be afraid to do表示害怕不敢做，可以不做。是以人的意志为转移。 Be afraid of 表示害怕某事会发生。 是不以人的意志为转移的 The girl was afraid to go out at night. So she stayed at home. 这女孩晚上不敢出去，因此她呆在家里。 The boy was afraid of being scolded by his father for he failed in the final exam. 这男孩因期末考没通过害怕被他父亲责骂。afterlater in

46、time prep. /conj. /adv.在之后 词组after all毕竟，终究after dark 天黑之后after ones heart合心意的，投合的ask after = inquire after问候be after想得到，寻求， 追求day after day ( year year)日复一日（年复一年等）go after追逐，追求，设法得到look after 照顾，照看，照管one after another一个接一个地run after 追求，追捕，追赶take after 长得像，性格上像the day after tomorrow ( the week next

47、)后天（在下一个星期）be named after 以命名againonce more, another time adv. 再一次词组again and again再三地，反复地once again再次now and again不时地，间或all over again再次，重新over and over again一再地time and time again多次，一再地againstprep.in opposition to (反)对； 以为抵御对象；靠着；having as a background衬着; as a defence or protection from 预防词组agains

48、t ones will (wishes)违反自己的意愿be against反对lean against斜靠着例句 We sailed against wind.我们顶风航行。 There were 20 votes for him and 12 against him. 有20 张投票拥护他，有12 张反对他。 The skiers red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. 滑雪者红色的衣服在白雪的衬托下分外醒目。 We are all taking medicine against the disease. 我们都在服药防御这疾病。 ag

49、en. length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed 时代；年龄vi. grow old 变老，长大，老化vt. 使苍老词组at the age of在岁的时候at ones age在这个年龄（岁数）be of the same age同龄be of different ages不同龄under the age of年龄在以下be over age超龄be under age未成年，不足龄展开 agedadj. 有岁，年纪的，陈年的；年老的My son is aged 10 years.我儿子十岁。Tinka, ag

50、ed eleven, was demanding that she be allowed to go to the movies twice a week.十一岁的女孩Tinka要求一周看两次电影。The sick and the aged need our help. 病人和老人需要我们的帮助。the middle-aged中年人agreev. say yes 同意词组agree with同意（+某人/ what引导的从句/ ）；（气候，食物等）适于的健康或体质与相符，与相一致agree to sth.同意（建议，命令，要求，安排）agree on/ upon表示双方在某一点上取得相同意见a

51、gree to do sth.同意做某事agree +that clause例句 Their story agrees with the facts. 他们的叙述与事实相符The climate doesnt agree with me. 这气候对我不相宜。I agree with you on the plan. 我同意你对这个计划的观点。I agree with what you said at the meeting 我同意你会上的发言。We couldnt agree on the date. 关于日期，我们未能取得一致意见。展开 agreeable adj.令人愉快的 = pleas

52、ant；（欣然）同意的，乐意的agreement n. 协定，协议；同意aheadadv.further forward in space or time adv.在前词组ahead of（指时间，空间）在之前ahead of schedule（比原计划或规定时间）提前ahead of time提前，提早go ahead在前进，有进展；继续干，说下去push ahead向前进，推行例句 They began to push ahead with their new policy.他们开始推行他们的新政策。aidvt. help 帮助，援助n. 帮助，援助（不可数）；助手，辅助用品（可数）词组t

53、eaching aids教学设备hearing aids助听器audio and visual aids视听设备food and medical aid食品和医疗帮助come / go to ones aid来（去）帮助某人first aid急救辨析aidhelpassisthelp常用语，其后可跟一个宾语和带to或不带to的动词不定式aid比to较正式，往往指帮助整体而言。他的宾语后接不定式或in加动名词都可assist 正式用语，往往指帮助个体而言，着重表示“协助”之意。它更多使用的则是后接 in 加动名词结构aim n. purpose, intention 目的，目标（可数）； act

54、ion of pointing or directing a weapon or missile at a target n. 瞄准，射击目标（不可数）vt/vi direct ones efforts ( in the specified direction) 以为目的，目的是，打算，希望； point or direct ( a weapon, blow, missle, etc) towards an object 瞄准，对准词组aim at目的是，打算aim to do sth.打算aim for希望（达到某个目标）take careful aim at仔细瞄准aim high雄心很大

55、，要求很高be aimed at目标是，目的是；针对，对而发例句 This education aimed at combining brain work with manual labour.教育的目的是把体力劳动和脑力工作结合起来。Mary aimed to please her teacher.马丽想取悦她的老师。We should aim for the best results.我们应该希望得到最好的结果。These advertisements are specially aimed at young people. 这些广告是特别针对青年的。展开 aimless adj. 无目的

56、的aimlessly adv.无目的地Unit Twoairn.mixture of gases surrounding the earth and breathed by all land animals and plants 空气；气氛；飞机；航空例句clear the air消除误会（或猜疑等）in the air流传中；不肯定，不具体；在谣传中in the open air在户外，在露天地里build castles in the air空中楼阁，想入非非by air乘飞机，由航空on the air广播off the air停播up in the air悬而未决的合成词air bat

57、h空气浴air-cushion气垫airflow气流airproof不漏气的air pump气泵air stream气流air rifle气枪air-conditionedadj.有空调设备的air-conditioning n. 空调设备/系统air battle空战air attack空袭air cargo空运货物（邮件）airhostess空姐airliner班机，客机airmail航空邮件air alarm空袭警报air base空军基地air corridor空中走廊air force空军airline航线，航空公司air raid空袭airport机场alarm n. fear a

58、nd excitement caused by the expectation of danger 惊恐的情绪（不可数）warning sound or signal n. 警告，警报；闹钟的铃（可数）vt. give a warning or feelingo of danger to (a person or an animal) 使惊慌，使不安词组alarm clock闹钟false alarm虚惊aliveadj. living, not dead 活着的辨析aliveliveliving livelyalive 活着的，多指状态the happiest man alive世上最幸福的

59、人The driver was still alive after the accident.出了车祸，司机还活着。live adj.活的（常指有生命的），现场直播live fish活鱼a live TV programme现场直播的电视living adj.活的，逼真的living water活水living language活的语言living things生物lively adj. 充满活力的，生动的，活泼的a lively dance/ lesson充满活力的舞（生动的课）注有许多词是以a-开头的形容词，只能做表语，被称为表语形容词：asleep睡着的afraid害怕的awake醒着的

60、alone单独的aware明白的ashamed害羞的alike相似的alladv. altogether; completely全部的pron. the whole of全体；（整体中的）每一个；一切 everything 所有的一切词组all day (night, etc.)整天（夜）地all ones life一生，一辈子all the time一直地，经常all the way一路，全程；一直（走完很长一截路）all the while一直地all these(those) days/ years这些年（天）for all尽管above all最重要的是after all毕竟，终究al