2023版高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit3SportsAndFitness课件新人教版必修第一册

1、UNIT 3SPORTS AND FITNESS核心单词阅读词汇1.soccer n.足球；足球运动2.stadium n.体育场；运动场3.boxing n.拳击(运动)4.badminton n.羽毛球运动5.marathon n.马拉松赛跑6.ski adj.滑雪的vi.滑雪7.legend n.传奇故事(或人物)；传说8.master n.高手；主人vt.精通；掌握9.honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸10.medal n.奖章；勋章11.apart adv.分离；分开；成碎片12.pretend vt.& vi.假装；装扮13.cheat vi.作弊；舞弊vt.欺骗；蒙骗 n.欺骗手

2、段；骗子vi.节食14.diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食15.rather adv.相当；有点儿16.push-up n.俯卧撑17.jog vi.慢跑n.慢跑18.error n.错误；差错高频词汇1._ n.比赛项目；大事；公开活动event2._ n.跑道；足迹；铁路轨道vt.& vi.追踪；跟踪3._ vt.使出汗；出汗弄湿vi.出汗；流汗 n.汗水；出汗tracksweatcaptainmillion4._ n.(运动队)队长；船长；机长5._ num.一百万6._ n.观众；听众audiencepositiveslim7._ adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的，肯定的8._ adj.苗

3、条的；单薄的拓展词汇1.fit v. 适合；安装adj. 健康的；适合的；能胜任的_ n.健康；健壮；适合fitnesshostess2.host vt. 主办；主持n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人 _ n.女主人；女主持人gymnastics3.gym n.健身房；体育馆_ n.体操(训练)4.athlete n.运动员；运动健儿_ adj.运动的；活跃的；健壮的athleticglorious5.glory n.荣誉；光荣；赞美_ adj.光荣的6.champion n.冠军；优胜者_ n.锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号determinationdetermined7._ n.决心；决定deter

4、mine v.决定；确定_ adj.有决心的injuredinjury8.injure vt.使受伤；损害_ adj.受伤的；有伤的_ n.伤害；损伤gracestrengthstrengthen9._ n.优美；大方graceful adj.优美的；优雅的10._ n.力量；体力_ v.加强；巩固；变强strong adj.强壮的；强烈的_ adv.强烈地；强有力地championshipstrongly11.fail v.失败_ n.失败；失败的人(或事物)pete vi.竞争；对抗_ n.竞赛_n.竞争者；对手_ adj.有竞争力的failure13.stress n.压力；紧张；重音v

5、t.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安_ adj.感到有压力的；紧张的_adj.令人紧张的stressedstressfulcompetitioncompetitorcompetitive联想积累【派生构词】1.stressful(名词形容词后缀-ful形容词)careful 小心的powerful 强有力的2.fitness(形容词名词后缀-ness名词)blindness 失明darkness 黑暗【合成构词】championship(名词 1名词 ship新名词)friendship 友谊membership 会员ownership 所有权relationship 关系重点短语e _

6、跟随；到达；进步；赶快alongan2.work _ 锻炼；计算出；解决3.make _ 获得成功；准时到达itup4.set _ example 树立榜样5.fall _ 破裂；破碎；崩溃lose6._ heart 丧失信心；泄气7.give _ 放弃；投降8.make _ 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚apartoutsense9.pretend to _ sth.假装做某事doeven10._ if/though 即使；虽然aratheroutand11.make _ difference 有作用或影响12._ than 而不是13.cut._ 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下14.now _

7、then 有时；偶尔pare._.与比较with/to精选佳句教材原句Whynot1._ _ run an exciting marathon? 为 什 么 不跑一次令人兴奋的马拉松呢？句式结构句式 1：Why not do sth.？委婉地提出建议教材原句Hereare2._ _ our first two choices.以下是我们首批遴选出的两位传奇人物。句式结构句式 2：here/there/now/than 引起的完全倒装句教材原句hadbeeninjured3.One of the best players _ _ _ ，and the team captain had to le

8、ave because of heart problems. 最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。句式结构句式 3：had been done 是过去完成时的被动语态教材原句eventhough4.I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV_ I knew that it was impossible. 我总是努力想让自己看起来像电视上的那些苗条女孩，尽管我明知这不可能。句式结构句式 4：even if/though 引导让步状语从句课文复现Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are masters

9、 in their sports andalso set good examples1._ others.forwas testedLang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad.When theChinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup ， herdetermination 2._ (test).Two players had to leave.Losingtwo important players was 3._ big challenge, but LangPing did not los

10、e heart.She knew her young players could win4._ they worked together as a team.Two weeks later, theyaifwere world champions!Michael Jordan who became 5._ (know) as “AirJordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps.Hisskills were 6._ (impress)，but the mental strength that heshowed made

11、 him unique.He always seemed to find a way7._ (win).Jordan says that the secret to his success islearning from his 8._ (fail).Losing games taught him topractise even 9._ (hard) than before.In life, Jordan haslearnt to share his success with others.The Boys and Girls Clubwhich he started in Chicago 1

12、0._ (help) youngpeople since 1996.failuresharderhas been helpingThey are our pride and their legends continue.knownto winimpressive单句语法填空events1.In nature, the results depend on conditions as well as how_ (event) develop.2.We couldnt imagine when the machine _ (track)and monitored us.trackedDetermin

13、ed3. _ (determine) to go to a key university, Mary isalways the first to come and the last to go.4.He was _ (athlete), popular, and made his way tosuccess.athleticinjuredbe compared5.One of his eyes was _ (injure) in an accident, butafter an operation, he quickly recovered his sight.6.My sister like

14、s swimming but she thinks it cannot_ (compare) with reading.strength7.“I am happy to use my own_ (strong) to help othersas much as I can.” Gloria said.8.To work with a famous company, you must get prepared forfierce _ (compete) from all petition9.Youd better turn to those who can help you to take co

15、ntrolof your life and to live _ (positive).positively10.When you are _ (stress), your body tenses up as ifit is about to get into a fight.stressed1.honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸【原句】 As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory toher country.(教材 P38)作为一名运动员，郎平为她的祖国赢得了荣誉。【典例】 Washington ， a state in the United

16、 States ， was named inhonour of one of the greatest American presidents.华盛顿，美国的一个州，是为了纪念美国一名最伟大的总统而命名的。I am honoured to have a speech here./I feel it an honour tohave a speech here.我很荣幸在此发言。【归纳】in honour of.为了纪念；为了向表示敬意show honour to sb.尊敬某人have the honour of doing/to do sth.有幸做某事feel it an honour t

17、o do sth.感觉做某事很荣幸It is an honour (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)很荣幸做某事。honour sb.向某人表示敬意be/feel honoured to do sth.很荣幸做某事【点津】honourhonor，既可以用作名词又可以用作动词，作为名词表达“一项荣誉”，用不定冠词 an 修饰，即an honour/honor。【拓展】honourable adj.光荣的；值得尊敬的；品德高尚的【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)He felt greatly _ (honour) to be invited to thewedding ceremony.

18、honouredan(2)Its _honour to have you here today，Mr.President.完成句子，每空一词Itisfeela(3)我很荣幸能够被邀请来参加你的生日聚会。_ _a great honour for me to be invited toyour birthday party. I_ it_great honour to be invited to yourbirthday party.2.injure vt.使受伤；损害【原句】 One of the best players had been injured, and theteam capta

19、in had to leave because of heart problems.( 教材 P38) 最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。【典例】He was badly injured when he was cycling along the valley.沿着山谷骑自行车时，他身受重伤。the injured.一个 15 岁A fifteenyearold girl was among的女孩是受伤人员之一。 The big stone rolling down in the landslide did a seriousinjury to the man in his

20、 car.泥石流中滚动的石头严重地伤害了车里的男人。【点津】(1)injure 是及物动词即 injure sb./sth. ，常见搭配：be/getinjured。(2)theadj.表示一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。词汇含义injure在事故或打斗中受伤hurt肉体伤害或感情伤害wound刀、枪等武器的伤害，尤指在战场中受伤harm伤害人的健康、权利、事业等【辨析】 injure，hurt，wound 与 harm【拓展】(1)injured adj.受伤的；有伤的be badly injured 严重受伤the injured 伤员(作主语时一般看作复数)(2)injury n.伤害；损伤

21、do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人【即学即用】单句语法填空injuries(1)He suffered _ (injure) to his legs and arms when hefell off the tree.injured(2)Luckily ， the _ (injure) were soon taken to thehospital.an(3)Be careful with that knife, or youll do yourself_injury.选词填空(injure/hurt/wound/harm)hurtharm(4)He

22、ignored her on purpose，which _ her feelings.(5)Reading in the sun will _ your eyes.(6)Five people were killed and many others were seriously_ in the attack.woundedinjured(7)Luckily, she was not badly _in the pete vi.竞争；对抗【原句】 An athlete should think about honour and his/herfans if he/she is competin

23、g for his/her country.(教材 P41)如果一个运动员在为他/她的国家比赛，那么他/她应该考虑荣誉和粉丝们。【典例】Charles felt it was useless to compete with/against others.查尔斯感觉和他人竞争没用。Companies must be able to compete in the marketplace. 公司一定要在市场中有竞争力。 In this competitive world, we are all competitors andeverybody competes with each other.We

24、should make a goodatmosphere of competition.在这个竞争的世界里，我们都是竞争者，大家互相竞争。我们应该营造一个良好的竞争环境。【归纳】compete for.为争取而竞争compete with/against 与竞争/比赛compete in.在中竞争；参加比赛【拓展】(1)competitor n.竞争者；对手；敌手(2)competition n.比赛；竞争in competition with.同竞争(3)competitive adj.有竞争力的【即学即用】单句语法填空in(1)He finally got a chance to comp

25、ete _ the talentshow.(2)They found themselves competing _ foreigncompanies for a share of the market.with/against完成句子，每空一词(3)昨天，非常有竞争力的竞争者们参加了这场比赛。Yesterday, all the _ who were very_competed in the _.competitorscompetitivecompetition4.pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮【原句】 A soccer player should notpretend to fa

26、ll downeven if it helps his/her team.(教材 P41)足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。【典例】I dont want to pretend to be an expert on the subject. 我不想妄称自己是该学科的专家。 So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be likeher, I wouldpretend to be reading.所以我随身携带一本书，并且在每天晚上，为了像她一样，我会假装在读书。Jim pretended to have solv

27、ed the difficult problem.吉姆假装已经解决了那个难题。【归纳】pretend to do.假装做pretend to be.假装是pretend to be doing.假装正在做pretend to have done.假装做过【即学即用】单句语法填空to be reading(1)He pretended _ (read) when his motherreturned home.to admire(2)Jane pretends _ (admire) Jack, though privatelyshe dislikes him.完成句子，每空一词(3)她假装已经理

28、解了这个问题，但事实上她没有。She pretended _ _ _ the question,but in fact she didnt make sense of it.haveunderstoodto 1.make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚【原句】 That doesnt make any sense！(教材 P41)那没有任何意义！【典例】 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of theother planets in the sky make sense.只有你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲

29、得通。 However, this isnt true since some phrases, if translatedliterally, wouldmake no sense.然而，事实并非如此，因为有些短语，如果按字面翻译，根本就没有任何意义。Can you make sense of what I say？你能领会我说的意思吗？There is no sense in criticizing her any more. 再批评她也没有用。In no sense can we give up when it comes to study.当谈到学习，我们绝不能放弃。【归纳】make n

30、o sense 没道理；没意义make sense of 理解；弄懂there is no sense (in) doing sth.做某事没意义in no sense 绝不(位于句首句子用部分倒装)in a sense 在某种意义上a sense of humour/direction/responsibility 幽默感/方向感/责任感【即学即用】单句语法填空debating(1)There is no sense _ (debate) the problem any more.(2)_ no sense can the problem be said to have beensolved

31、.In补全句子，每空一词makesnosense(3)See, your computer has broken down again! It_ _ (没意义) to buy the cheapest brand of computerjust to save a few dollars.(4)I am sure David will be able to find the library he has_ _ _ _ _ ( 很好的方向感).agoodsenseofdirection2.rather than 而不是【原句】 Once I started thinking about fitn

32、ess rather thanweight, things began to change.(教材 P42)一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。【典例】These outdoor clothes are comfortable rather than beautiful.这些户外服装穿着舒服，但并不漂亮。He is a biologist rather than a physicist.他是生物学家，而不是物理学家。You rather than he are to blame. 是你而不是他该受到责备。【点津】A rather than B谓语动词其他，谓语动词与主语 A 在人称和

33、数上保持一致。【拓展】(1)or rather 更确切地说(2)other than 除了【即学即用】单句语法填空doubts(1)Peter rather than I_ (doubt) whether the problem isworth thinking about.补全句子，每空一词ratherthan(2)We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differencesunite, _ _ (而不是) divide us.orrather(3)This new product, _ _ (更确切地说), thisnew style

34、of shirt, is not very attractive.otherthan(4)She has no close friends _ _ (除了) him.3.cut.out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下【原句】 Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I addedhealthy foods to my meals.(教材 P42)我不再拒绝我喜爱的食物，而是在自己的三餐中添加健康食品。【典例】The little boy cut a picture out of the newspaper to make aposter.为了制作

35、海报，这个小男孩从报纸上剪下了一个图片。He decided to cut sugar out because of his weight. 由于他的体重，他决定停止吃糖。Cut out the paragraph unnecessary from the essay. 删掉论文中不必要的段落。【归纳】cut off 切断；中断；使隔绝cut in 插嘴；插入cut up 切碎cut down 砍倒；削减【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least hehas cut_.downinoffout(2)

36、She always focused on what her friend said and seldomcut_.(3)Finally he reached a lonely island which was completelycut_ from the outside world.(4)I cut _ the paragraph in this article.1.One of the best players had been injured, and the teamcaptain had to leave because of heart problems.(教材 P38)最优秀的

37、队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。【剖析】 本句中 had been injured 是过去完成时的被动语态。过去完成时态指先于过去某动作发生前完成的动作，即“过去的过去”，用“had过去分词”表示。【典例】(2018北京卷单项填空)A rescue worker risked his lifesaving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for twodays.一个救援人员冒着生命危险救了两个被困在山里两天的游客。(2018江苏卷单项填空)I was sent to the village lastmonth

38、to see how the development plan had been carried out in thepast two years.上个月我被派到那个村子里去看了看在过去的两年里这个发展计划实施得怎么样了。 By the time I rushed to the train station, the train hadalready left.当我赶到火车站时，火车已经开走了。【点津】过去完成时表示过去某一动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作(即表示“过去的过去”)；时间状语可用 by, before 等构成的短语，也可用时间状语从句或通过上下文的语境表示。【即学即用】单句语法填空h

39、ad recommendedhad become(1)During his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the localfoods his friends_ (recommend).(2)Silk _ (become) one of the primary goodstraded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.had left(3)It was the first time that he_ (leave) his homeland.2.I always wanted to look like the s

40、lim girls on TV eventhough I knew that it was impossible.( 教材 P42) 我总是努力想让自己看起来像电视上的那些苗条女孩，尽管我明知这不可能。【剖析】 本句是由 even though 引导的让步状语从句。句中的 even though 可以和 even if 互换。【典例】(2017北京卷单项填空)Although birds use their feathersfor flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.尽管鸟类用它们的羽毛来飞行，可是它们的羽毛还有其他用处。

41、 My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, eventhough he is in his nineties.尽管我祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍可以时不时地打打网球。【拓展】(1)as if/though 意为“好像”，引导方式状语从句。(2)引导让步状语从句的词还有 although, though, as, while，no matter疑问词，疑问词ever。【即学即用】单句语法填空evenwere(1)I wont give up, _ if I failed a hundred times.(2)The stick put in t

42、he water looks as if it _ (be)broken.Although/Though(3)_ scientists have learned a lot about theuniverse, there is much we still dont known.【题目】健康生活很重要，但今天很多青少年却不注意。他们长时间上网玩游戏、聊天，很少参加户外活动，这对他们产生很多危害，如：视力下降，身体虚弱，缺少人际交往。请你就此现象谈谈你的看法。注意：1.词数 80 左右；2.标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。Have a Healthy LifestyleAs we all know, living a healthy life is important andnec