新编大学实用英语的课件

1、UNIT 8 NaturePART 1 Listening and Speaking Listening and SpeakingPART 2 Reading Text A Raindrop, Snowflake Text B What Can You Do About Global Warming Text C TV Forecast Plays the Hero PART 3 Grammar 状语从句(Adverbial Clauses)PART 4 Translation 复习（Revision） PART 5 Writing E-mails PART 6 Enjoy Yourself

2、The Day After TomorrowObjectivestalk about weather in simple English.use sentence structures in the two texts and summarize the main idea of the passages.use adverbial clauses in given contexts.write an e-mail message in simple English.ObjectivesAfter studying this unit, the students are expected to

3、 be able toWater cycleMeteorologistsHuman behaviors effect on climate changeBackground knowledgeWater cycle The earth has a limited amount of water. That water keeps going around and around and around and around and (well, you get the idea) in what we call the “Water Cycle”. This cycle is made up of

4、 a few main parts:evaporation (and transpiration)condensationprecipitationCollectionBackground knowledgeEvaporation is when the sun heats up water in rivers or lakes or the ocean and turns it into vapor or steam. The water vapor or steam leaves the river, lake or ocean and goes into the air.Condensa

5、tionWater vapor in the air gets cold and changes back into liquid, forming clouds. This iscalled condensation.Precipitationoccurs when so much water has condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore. The clouds get heavy and water falls back to the earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow.Coll

6、ectionWhen water falls back to earth as precipitation, it may fall back in the oceans, lakes or rivers or it may end up on land. When it ends up on land, it will either soak into the earth and become part of the “ground water” that plants and animals use to drink or it may run over the soil and coll

7、ect in the oceans, lakes or rivers where the cycle startsBackground knowledgeMeteorologists A meteorologist is an individual with specialized education who uses scientific principles to explain,understand, observe or forecast the earths atmospheric phenomena and/or how the atmosphere affects theeart

8、h and life on the planet.Background knowledgeTypes of MeteorologistsBroadcast Meteorologists: These folks are the people who interpret and report the weather for television.Research Meteorologists: Many of these scientists work for the National Weather Service or other government agency. NASA, the E

9、nvironmental Protection Agency, and the military.Teachers and Professors: Many people use their knowledge of the atmosphere and meteorology to become educators.Forensic Meteorologists: This type of meteorologist will often investigate claims for insurance companies on past weather or research weathe

10、r for a court of law.Consulting Meteorologists: Large companies now hire meteorologists for consultation workBackground knowledgeClimate Meteorologists: This type of meteorologist looks at long-term weather patterns and data to help predict future climate trends and past climate data.Archive Meteoro

11、logists: Many weather scientists will also be in charge of researching, verifying, and reporting on storms of the past. And the list could go on anBackground knowledgeHuman behaviors effect on climate change Climate change and environmental decline are largely the result of human behavior. These pro

12、blems have accelerated in recent decades as weve consumed ever more scarce resources, including oil, coal, metals, and water, to create ever more products to live in our homes, work in our business, and accumulate things.It took more than 20 years to broadly accept that mankind is causing global war

13、ming with the emission of greenhouse gases. The drastic increase in the emission of CO2 (carbon dioxide) within the last 30 years caused by burning fossil fuels has been identifi ed as the major reason for the change of temperature in the atmosphere.Background knowledgeMore than 80% of the world-wid

14、e energy demand is currently supplied by the fossil fuels coal, oil or gas. It will be impossible to fi nd alternative sources, which could replace fossil fuels in the short or medium term. The energy demand is simply too high.Another issue is the non-renewable characteristic of fossil fuels: It too

15、k nature millions of years to generate these resources, however we will have used them up within the next decades. Alone the shrinking supply will not make it possible to continue as usual for a longer time.The main cause of global warming is our treatment of Nature.The ultimate global warming solut

16、ions is to behave as part of a larger whole. Its your personal decision whether you want to be the cause of global warming.Background knowledge Suggestions for teachers Weather Oral Practice Functional-sentence Bank Culture TipsListening and Speaking Suggestions for teachersListening: Talking about

17、weather is a common in daily conversation. People also use it to break the ice when talking to strangers. Students are familiar to this kind of talk. But their conversation is limited by their vocabulary. Teacher may help students broaden their vocabulary storage about weather efficiently, because t

18、he frequency of words used in weather report is high. Speaking:Firstly help students get familiar with some of the functional sentences used in the conversation on weather. Then lead them to talk about weather, climate and circumstances. Help students learn how to share information and how to chat f

19、reely. Listening and Speaking Listening and Speaking Listening Practice Section A Short ConversationsSection B Situational DialoguesListening and Speaking Directions:You will hear a short conversation in this section. The conversation will be spoken twice. Listen carefully and do the exercises.Task

20、1 Listen to the Conversation 1 and answer the following questions1. Where does the conversation probably take place?It probably takes place at school.2. Where did Natalie go last night?Natalie went to a party last night.3. Why didnt Larry go to the party last night?Larry didnt go because he was ill.

21、4. What did Natalie suggest they do that afternoon?Natalie suggested that they should go out for a walk.5. What was the weather like last winter?It was very cold last winter .Listening and Speaking Listening ScriptNatalie: Hi, Larry! Why didnt you go to the party last night?Larry: Because it was so

22、cold and windy.Natalie: Thats too bad! It was a really good party. Hey, why dont we go for a walk after school thisafternoon, Larry? We can enjoy a lot of sunshine, then.Larry: Go for a walk? But its so cold out.Natalie: Whats the temperature?Larry: About 12Natalie: 12? Thats not cold. Just wait unt

23、il winter.Larry: Why?Natalie: Well it snows a lot and sometimes its very cold. Last winter it was 10 degrees below zerofor almost one month! And it was very dry, too.Larry: That sounds awful!Natalie: It wasnt all that bad. The sun was out almost every dayListening and Speaking Directions:You will he

24、ar two situational dialogues in this section. Each dialogue will be spoken twice.Listen carefully and do the exercises.Task 1 Listen to Dialogue 1 and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1. The conversation took place in a shop. (F)2. Both of the speakers were waiting f

25、or a bus. (T) 3. The girl had been waiting for the bus for about 10 minutes. (T) 4. They were in the city of Detroit. (F)5. They didnt speak well of the weather forecast. (T) Listening and Speaking Listening ScriptLarry met Natalie on the way to work. They were talking about the weather report that

26、day.Natalie: Oh, I wish that bus would come! My feet are freezing!Larry: Have you been waiting long?Natalie: It feels like hours but I suppose Ive only been here for ten minutes or so.Larry: Thats long enough in this awful weather.Natalie: This morning the sun was shining and they predicted light ra

27、in.Larry: We had the same thing in Detroit last year. We were supposed to get a little rain one night, but when we woke up, guess what? There were six inches of snow on the ground, and it was still coming down hard.Natalie: Thats typical.Listening and Speaking Task 2 Listen to Dialogue 2 to fi nish

28、the statements by matching Column A with Column B.Column A Column BColumn A Column B1. James is wondering BA. it will be fi ne tomorrow.2. James worries about CB. if it is going to be fi ne tomorrow.3. The reason that makes James worry is EC. the fog4. As to the weather, Anna believes AD. it will ra

29、ins.5. Anna suggests James to listen to GE. tomorrows picnic.F. the short distanceG. the morning weather forecast.Listening and Speaking Listening ScriptJames: Im wondering if it is going to be fi ne tomorrow.Anna: So what?James: Tomorrows picnic. But look at the fog. You can only see within a short

30、 distance.Anna: But dont you see the wind is beginning to lift it up？I bet it will be fi ne tomorrow.James: Dont be so sure.Anna: Youve heard the morning weather forecast, havent you?James: Thats why I worry.Listening and Speaking Listening passage Directions:In this section you will hear a recorded

31、 short passage with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read three times. Please write down the missing words or phrases according to what you hear. Sichuan has a mild climate, but its still very hot in summer and very cold in winter. In fact, in winter the temperature often drops to

32、below zero, and in summer it goes up to above thirty-three degrees. My favourite season in Sichuan is autumn . The air is cool and clear, and the sky is blue. In winter, it seldom snows. Children will be very excited if it does. The weather starts to get warm in February but spring weather in Sichua

33、n often changesOral PracticeDirections:Playing a role as a weather presenter, read the following weather report fluently. 1. There will be occasional showers in southeast England, some of them perhaps heavy.2. Saturday will be a cloudier day with outbreaks of mainly light rain in western areas, spre

34、ading slowly eastwards, though many central and eastern areas should remain dry.3. It will be mild Wednesday with a shower in spots. Thursday will be the transition day with the high in the mid-40s. 4. Daytime temperatures Friday through Monday will only be in the low 30s, about 5 to 6 degrees below

35、 normal for this time of year. Winds will pick up and the temperature will be in the mid-20s.Oral PracticeOral PracticeActivity 1Activity 2Oral PracticeDirections:Work in pairs. Suppose you and your friend are talking about weather at your hometown. Study the situational dialogues carefully and imit

36、ate their theme, sentence patterns and styles trying to use the following sentence patterns. Whats the weather like today/at your hometown? Whats the temperature? Its degree.Whats the forecast?Oral PracticeDirections:Work in pairs. Please make up your own dialogues based on the following situations,

37、 and you may refer to the sentences in Functional-sentence Bank. Task 1 Directions:You and your friends are talking about todays weather. It may be rainy, cloudy, mild, overcast, etc. Task 2Directions:You want to go out for a picnic, but you did not listen to the weather report. Call your friend and

38、 ask him/her about the weather report. Task 3Directions:You set up a situation of your own with your partner and make up a dialogue. Functional-sentence Bank1.Questions：Whats the weather like in your hometown? 你家乡的气候如何？Responses：Its hot and dry. 既炎热又干燥。 Its warm and wet. 温暖而潮湿。2.Questions：Nice day,

39、isnt it? 天气真好，不是吗？Responses：Yes, marvelous. 是啊，太好了。3.Questions：Which is the best/your favorite season? 你最喜欢的季节是哪个？Responses：I like autumn best. 我最喜欢秋季。4.Questions：Whats the weather like in spring? 春天的天气是怎样的？Responses：Its warm and humid. 温暖而湿润。5.Questions：Whats the temperature? 气温是多少度？Responses：Its 1

40、0 degrees below zero. 零下10度。Functional-sentence BankQuestions：Whats the highest temperature? 最高气温多少度？Responses1：The highest temperature is. 最高气温是 It may go up to. 最高气温可能上升到 It may reach. 气温可能高达Responses2：above 40 degrees. 40度以上。Functional-sentence BankFunctional-sentence BankQuestions：Whats the lowe

41、st temperature? 最低气温多少度？Responses1：The lowest temperature is. 最低气温是 It may drop to. 气温可能降至Responses2：10 degrees below zero. 零下10度。 minus 10 degrees. 零下10度。Functional-sentence Bank1.Questions：Whats the weather like in your hometown? 你家乡的气候如何？Responses：Its hot and dry. 既炎热又干燥。 Its warm and wet. 温暖而潮湿。

42、2.Questions：Nice day, isnt it? 天气真好，不是吗？Responses：Yes, marvelous. 是啊，太好了。3.Questions：Which is the best/your favorite season? 你最喜欢的季节是哪个？Responses：I like autumn best. 我最喜欢秋季。Functional-sentence Bank4.Questions：Whats the weather like in spring? 春天的天气是怎样的？Responses：Its warm and humid. 温暖而湿润。5.Questions

43、：Whats the temperature? 气温是多少度？Responses：Its 10 degrees below zero. 零下10度。Functional-sentence BankQuestions：Whats the highest temperature? 最高气温多少度？Responses1：The highest temperature is. 最高气温是 It may go up to. 最高气温可能上升到 It may reach. 气温可能高达Responses2：above 40 degrees. 40度以上。Functional-sentence BankQu

44、estions：Whats the lowest temperature? 最低气温多少度？Responses1：The lowest temperature is. 最低气温是 It may drop to. 气温可能降至Responses2：10 degrees below zero. 零下10度。 minus 10 degrees. 零下10度。ReadingSuggestion for teachers:Some exercises are designed for students to finish after class, e.g. Activity 3-5. Some exer

45、cises are to be done in class, e.g. Activity 1, 2. As for Activity 5, just let students do it. Teacher just gives students some comments to encourage them to discuss and express themselves instead of interrupting them and correcting their mistakes.Reading Text A Raindrop, SnowflakeSuggestions for te

46、achersBefore students read the reading, teacher may ask them some questions leading them to think about what they could not do just on their own.When students begin to study the text, they should know the procedure of a water drop becoming asnowfl ake, which is part of the water cycle. Water cycle i

47、s the knowledge that the whole story is based on.What will the water drop experience during this procedure?After reading the text, let student analyze what the differences are between the last time that the water drop made snow and the previous times? Reading Text A Raindrop, SnowflakePre-reading ta

48、sk :discuss the following questions1. How much do you know about the weather?2. Do you know what water cycle is?3. Do you know how the snowfl ake forms?Reading TEXT A 对照课本 听听力Reading Text A Raindrop, Snowflake Once upon a time there was a little drop of water who dreamed of becoming a snowfl ake and

49、 turning the landscape white. Years passed, and then there was a great drought which evaporated the little drop from the lake where he lived. When he reached the sky, he became part of a small cloud. As soon as the weather turned cold, the little drop looked for a nice bit of countryside where he co

50、uld fall, and help cover the place in snow.参考译文：很久以前有一个小水滴，他梦想变成雪花，覆盖大地。很多年过去了，一场严重的干旱把小水滴从他所居住的湖泊里蒸发出来。当他到达天空时，他成为了一小片云的一部分。天气一变冷，小雨点就去寻找他可以降落的美丽乡村，然后用白雪将那里覆盖。Reading Text A Raindrop, Snowflake句子解析：1. Once upon a time there was a little drop of water who dreamed of becoming a snowfl ake and turning

51、 the landscape white.词组： once upon a time很久以前, dream of 梦想主句：there was a little drop of water。 who引导的是限制性定语从句，用于介绍这是一个怎样的小水滴。Who指代a little drop of water, 在从句里其谓语部分为dreamed of becoming. and turning.。ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake句子解析：2. There was a great drought which evaporated the little drop fr

52、om the lake where he lived.主句：there was a great drought. 定语从句：which evaporated the little drop from the lake. 在该从句中where he lived 是定语从句，修饰lake.3. As soon as the weather turned cold, the little drop looked for a nice bit of countryside where he could fall, and help cover the place in snow.主句部分： the l

53、ittle drop looked for .，and help .从句部分： where he could fall, 限制性定语从句，用于修饰countrysideReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake But only a little bit of snow fell, and as soon as it touched the ground, it melted. And there the little drop had to remain, waiting for the suns rays to shine again, and send him b

54、ack up to the clouds. When the sun shone, the little drop went up once more, turned to snow again, and down he fell. Again, just after landing, he melted.参考译文：但只下了一点雪，并且雪花一落到地面，就融化了。小水滴只好留在地面，等待阳光再次照耀，把他送回到云朵里。当太阳照耀大地时，小水滴又一次升上天空，又变成了雪，再次落了下来。落到地上后，他再一次融化成小水滴ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake句子解析：And

55、 there the little drop had to remain, waiting for the suns rays to shine again, and send him back up to the clouds.主句部分：the little drop had to remain there. There 提前，主谓倒装，用于强调there。非谓语动词部分：waiting for the suns rays to shine again, and send him back up to the clouds. Waiting for the sun to shine.and

56、send.现在分词短语用作伴随状语。其中to shine and send 作为宾补，补充说明等待太阳去做的事情。ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake This happened several times. Finally, the little drop went and joined a great big cloud, where millions of other drops had crowded together. Despite being gigantic, conditions in that cloud were rather uncomfo

57、rtable. A few of the drops were ordering everyone else around, making them squash up together,amid a great racket.参考译文：这样的过程又反复了几次。最后，小水滴加入到一个巨大的云朵里，那里有上百万的小水滴挤在一起。尽管云朵特别的大，但云朵内部的环境并不舒服。在一片嘈杂声中，几个水滴正在对周围的其他水滴发布命令让他们挤成团。ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake句子解析：1. Finally, the little drop went and joined

58、 a great big cloud, where millions of other drops had crowded together.Where.引导的是非限制定语从句。2. A few of the drops were ordering everyone else around, making them squash up together, amid a great racket.making.是现在分词短语做伴随状语。amid a great racket 介词短语描述了当时的状况。例如： The fi rst was her colleague in a panic, loo

59、king for an answer to an urgent question. 第一封是一位恐慌的同事发过来的，向她救助一个非常紧急的问题ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake “Biggest drops at the bottom! Smallest drops at the top! Come on, come on! Theres no time to waste.”参考译文：“个头最大的呆在最底下！个头最小的在最上面！快，快点！别浪费时间了!”ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake Our little drop wasnt

60、 keen on all this, and he considered falling down to Earth again, but a nice,friendly drop next to him managed to talk him out of it.参考译文：我们的小水滴并不喜欢这一切，他想要再次降落到地面上，但他旁边一个善良友好的水滴劝说他放弃这个想法。句子解析：Our little drop wasnt keen on all this 中的this 指代上一句所描述的上百万小水滴拥挤在一起的情况。ReadingText A Raindrop, Snowflake “Whe