福建省福州市长乐高级中学2022-2023学年高三考前热身英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用05毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but every meal can s

2、erve at least two people and is under 10, so not only is it _ but practical as well.Aadaptable BadjustableCadoptable Daffordable2Some experts fear that too-early _ to computers will have harmful consequences for childrens development.AexposureBextensionCexhibitionDexpansion3You have a big mouth,Tom.

3、 You have told everybody the secret.AshouldntBmustntCcantDmightnt4Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, if _properly, may lead to spreading diseases.Anot handledBnot being handledCnot to be handledDnot having handled5The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this

4、occasion she seemed to _ the diners.AignoreBidentifyCapplaudDsatisfy6Many people fall into panic due to the earthquake and tsunami in Japan but experts dont expect this to be _ as proper measures have been taken.AcompulsoryBcontemporaryCtemporaryDpermanent7-I did really well in the examination, Li K

5、e. -I did _. I got full mark.Ano lessBnot lessCnot worseDno worse8In my opinion, ones individual income does not wholly reflect the extent _ ones self-value and social value are realized.Aof whichBwith whichCon whichDto which9I am putting on weight again! Maybe I should start doing yoga.You _ that t

6、he whole morning!Aare saying Bhave said Chave been saying Dwere saying10Whenever you _ a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.AboughtBhave boughtCwill buyDbuy11All the dishes in this menu， _ otherwise stated， will serve two to three people.AasBifCthoughDunless12I quick

7、ly lowered myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so that he wouldnt feel _.AchallengedBchallengingCto be challengedDhaving challenged13Perhaps you _ stop playing computer games now. Your boss may be turning up in the office at any moment.AwillBmustCshouldDcan14The cost of l

8、iving in big cities _ steadily for many years，and it has led some youths to drop out of the big city race.Ais climbingBis being climbedChas been climbingDhas been climbed15I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I _ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.Ahave exposed Bhad been ex

9、posed Chave been exposed Dwas exposed16The terrible accident is under investigation.Actually, quicker action _ those workers trapped in the mine.Amight have savedBmust have savedCshould have savedDcould have saved17Advertising often functions as an indicator for _ society considers to be socially ac

10、ceptable and desirable at the time.AwhatBwhetherChowDwhich18After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhat19All color fades, _ under the impact of direct sunlight.AespeciallyBeventuallyCappropriatelyDmerely

11、20I will go to Beijing on business tomorrow, do you have anything _ to your son studying in Peking University?Ato be takenBto takeCtakenDbeing taken第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Theres a world of difference between a horror movie and a comedythe former scares you half to de

12、ath while the latter leaves you rolling on the floor with laughter. But try watching them without the background music and you just might decide theyre not so different after all. Music and movies have been closely connected since the beginning of the film industryeven before the voices of actors we

13、re recorded. In movies, music helps to provide a sense of time and place, convey ideas about the characters and, most importantly, draw emotions out of the audience.Studies have long shown that our heart rates and anxiety levels rise and fall depending on the speed of the music we hear. Using this k

14、nowledge, composers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences. Slowing the speed of the music will have the opposite effect, bringing about a sense of peace or a dreamlike quality. The use of dissonant(不和谐的) tones and noises is another technique that heightens tension. Hu

15、mans naturally become unnerved when we hear dissonant sounds because such noises are usually associated with danger, like those that animals make to warn against predators(捕食者).As crucial as it is, the best film music is subtle. All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotio

16、nthey shouldnt realize whats causing it. Only when the music is taken out of the film should audiences understand its effects.In keeping with this principle, some filmmakers are even using whats called “infrasound”(次声波) to arouse fear. While we may not be able to hear it because its frequency is bel

17、ow the range of the human ear, infrasound has been proven to cause anxiety, tremble and even sorrow. For example, infrasound was used in the soundtrack of the 2007 horror movie Paranormal Activity, and audiences reposed extremely high fear levels despite the 1ack of action throughout the movie. “It

18、doesnt affect everyone equally,” said British science writer Philip Ball, author of The Music Instinct, but he predicted that “we will see more of it used in movies in the future”.1、What is the difference between a horror movie and a comedy?ATheir history.BTheir background music.CTheir actors.DTheir

19、 time and place.2、What causes fear among audiences?AThe theme of the music.BThe slow speed of the tangle.CThe knowledge of the music.DThe unexpected change of the music.3、What does the underlined word “subtle” in the third paragraph mean?AGentle.BWonderful.CNot immediately obvious.DNot extremely att

20、ractive.4、What do we know about “infrasound” from the last paragraph?AIt cant be known to people.BIt makes audiences relaxed.CIt is within the range of the human ear.DIt will be used more in movies in the future.22（8分）The researchers say a person loses two months for every kilogram overweight they a

21、re and seven years for smoking a packet of cigarettes a day.Unusually, the Edinburgh university team found their answers by analysing differences in peoples genetic code or DNAFinally they think it will show new ways of helping us to live longer.The group used the genetic code of more than 600, 000

22、people who are taking part in a natural experiment. If someone smokes, drinks, drops out of school and is overweight, it can be difficult to identify the impact of one specific unhealthy behavior.Instead, the researchers turned to the natural experiment. Some people carry mutations(变异) in their DNA

23、that increase(食欲) or make them more likely to put on weight, so researchers were able to compare those programmed to eat more with those who were not. The research team also found specific mutations in human DNA that alter lifespan (寿命).Mutations in a gene (a set of instructions in DNA) that is invo

24、lved in running the immune system could add seven months of life on average.People with a mutation that increased levels of bad cholesterol knocked eight months off lifespan.A rare mutation in a geneAPOElinked to dementia reduced lifespan by 11 months.And one that made smoking more appealing cut liv

25、es by five months.Dr Joshi says that while genes do influence lifespan, “youve got even more influence” through the choices you make. Dr Joshi said, “We hope to discover genes affecting lifespan to give us new information about ageing and construct treatment tor ageing.”There are also some disease m

26、utations that clearly affect lifespan and to destructive effect, such as the Huntingtons gene. People with Huntingtons often die in their 20s.However, in order to follow people until the end of their lives, many of the people studied were born before 1940.1、What is the most difficult for the researc

27、hers to find?AThe differences in peoples genetic code.BThe reasons why people put on weight very easily.CThe results of many natural and massive experiments.DOne bad behaviours effect on people with many bad behaviours.2、Which of the following mutations affects lifespan most greatly?AOne linked to c

28、ontrolling immune system.BOne increasing unhealthy cholesterol.COne called APOE involved in dementia.DOne making smoking more attractive.3、Whats the meaning of Dr Joshis study?ATo help stop mutations. BTO find diseases earlier.CTO make people live longer. DTO reduce the effects of genes.4、Why did re

29、searchers mainly study people born before 1940?ATo follow them until they die. BTO educate them an extra year.CTo show they are more important. DTo make them live happier.23（8分）More than 135,000 UK drinkers will die from cancer caused by alcohol(酒精)by the year 2035, researchers say. Drinking too muc

30、h will cause 7,100 cancer deaths a year by 2035, a rise of 13 percent on the present rate. A study by Sheffield University and Cancer Research UK shows that alcohol will cost the NHS(National Health Service) 53billion over the next ten years including 2 billion on cancer.Although alcohol is known to

31、 cause many types of cancer including breast and throat most people dont realize the relation between alcohol and cancer. A survey of 2,100 Britons by the researchers earlier this year found nine in ten did not associate drinking with cancer. The researchers used a computer model to work out the num

32、bers of alcohol-related cancer deaths, hospital admissions(入院)and total costs to NHS over the next 20 years.The study shows that a fifth of men and 1 in 10 women have alcohol every day-and many of these are middle-aged and middle class. Researchers are very worried about this group as they believe c

33、ancer may be caused by drinking over long periods. The study shows that even if the expense stays as it is, alcohol-related cancer deaths will rise from 6,299 in 2015 to 7,097 in 2034. Alcohol will lead to 891, 299 hospital admissions, up from 802, 118 in 2015, and 65, 005 will be caused by cancer.E

34、arlier this year Chief Medical Officer Dame Sally Davies studied carefully the alcohol guidelines(指导方针)for the first time in thirty years. She told people there was no safe level of drinking and advised them to drink no more than 14 units a week. But researchers say this guidance isnt enough and wan

35、t the government to increase a little price per unit of alcohol.1、What can we learn from the text?AFewer people will die of cancer in the futureBAlcohol will be the only cause of cancer deathsCMore and more people will get rid of the habit of drinkingDThe computer model can offer researchers useful

36、numbers2、What does the underlined word “associate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AShare BCompareCConnect DReplace3、The researchers hope the government can _.Araise the price of alcohol properlyBremove the nations drinking habitCimprove middle-aged persons incomeDprovide fund for National Health Servi

37、ce4、What may be the best title for the text?APeople Having Alcohol Must Suffer from CancerBAll People Have Known Alcohol May Cause CancerCResearchers Are Trying to Discover the New Causes of CancerDAlcohol will Have Worse Effects on British People over the Coming Years24（8分）The health of millions co

38、uld be at risk because supplies of medicinal plants are being used up. These plants are used to make traditional medicine, including drugs to fight cancer. “The loss of medicinal plants is a quiet disaster,” says Sara Oldfield, secretary general of the NGO Botanic Gardens Conservation International.

39、Most people worldwide rely on herbal (药草制的) medicines which are got mostly from wild plants. But some 15,000 of the 50,000 medicinal species are under threat of dying out, according to report from the international conservation group Plantlife. Shortages have been reported in China, India, Kenya, Ne

40、pal, Tanzania and Uganda.Over-harvesting does the most harm, though pollution and competition from invasive species (入侵物种) and habitat destruction all contribute. “Businessmen generally harvest medicinal plants, not caring about sustainability (可持续性),” the Plantlife report says, “damage is serious p

41、artly because they have no idea about it, but it is mainly because such collection is unorganized.” Medicinal trees at risk include the Himalayan yew (紫衫) and the African cherry, which are used to treat some cancers.The solution, says the reports author, Alan Hamilton, is to encourage local people t

42、o protect these plants. Ten projects studied by Plantlife in India, Pakistan, China, Nepal, Uganda and Kenya showed this method can succeed. In Uganda, the project has kept a sustainable supply of low-cost cancer treatments, and in China a public-run medicinal plant project has been created for the

43、first time.”“Improving health, earning an income and keeping cultural traditions are important in encouraging people to protect medicinal plants,” says Hamilton, “You have to pay attention to what people are interested in.”Ghillean Prance, the former director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew in L

44、ondon, agrees that medicinal plants are in need of protection. “Not nearly enough is being done,” he told New Scientist. “We are destroying the very plants that are of most use to us.”1、From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that _.Amillions of people are threatened with-cancerBmost countries s

45、ee a shortage of herbal medicinesCabout two thirds of medicinal species will disappearDa number of medicinal species are in danger of extinction2、The major factor that causes the decreasing of supplies of medicinal plants is _.Apollution Bhabitat destructionCover-harvesting Dinvasive species3、The un

46、derlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to _.Aover-harvesting BsustainabilityCother species invasion Dpollution4、What can be inferred from the passage?AProtecting medicinal plants has a long way to go.BGhillean Prance is optimistic about medicinal plants future.CLocal people dont know how to protec

47、t medicinal plants.DChina has made great progress in protecting medicinal plants.5、Which of the following is the best title of the passage?ALow-cost Cancer TreatmentBThe Importance of SustainabilityCMedicinal Plants on Verge of ExtinctionDSustainable Development of the Environment25（10分）Predictions

48、about higher educations future often result in two very different visions about what is next for colleges and universities. In one camp: those who paint a rosy picture of an economy that will continue to demand higher levels of education for an increasing share of the workforce. In the other: those

49、who believe fewer people will enroll（入学）in college as tuition costs go out of control and alternatives to the traditional degree emerge.“We are living in an age for learning, when theres so much knowledge available, that one would think that this is good news for higher education,” Bryan Alexander t

50、old me recently. Alexander writes often about the future of higher education and is finishing a book on the subject for Johns Hopkins University Press. “Yet weve seen enrollment in higher education drop for six years.”Alexander believes that for some colleges and universities to survive, they need t

51、o shift from their historical mission of serving one type of student (usually a teenager fresh out of high school) for a specific period of time. “Were going to see many different ways through higher education in the future,” Alexander said, “from closer ties between secondary and postsecondary（中学后）

52、schools to new options for adults. The question is, which institutions adopt new models and which try desperately to hang on to what they have.”“The fact is that to maintain affordability, accessibility and excellence, something needs to change,” Rafael Bras, Georgia Techs provost (院长), told me when

53、 he unveiled the report at the Milken Institute Global Conference this past spring.The commissions report includes many impressive ideas, but three point to the possibility of a very different future for colleges and universities.1) College for life, rather than just four years. The primary recommen

54、dation of the Georgia Tech report is that the university turns itself into a place for lifelong learning that allows students to “associate rather than enroll.”“Students who we educate now are expected to have a dozen occupations,” Bras said. “So a system that receives students once in their lives a

55、nd turns them out with the Good Housekeeping seal(印章) of approval to become alums (校友) and come back on occasion and give money is not the right model for the future.”2) A network of advisers and coaches for a career. If education never ends, Georgia Tech predicts, neither should the critical advisi

56、ng function that colleges provide to students. The commission outlines a plan in which artificial intelligence and virtual tutors help advise students about selecting courses and finding the best career options. But even for a university focused on science and technology, Georgia Tech doesnt suggest

57、 in its report that computers will replace humans for all advising.3) A distributed presence around the world. Colleges and universities operate campuses and require students to come to them. In the past couple of decades, online education has grown greatly, but for the most part, higher education i

58、s still about face-to-face interactions.Georgia Tech imagines a future in which the two worlds are blended in what it calls the “atrium” a place that share space with entrepreneurs and become gathering places for students and alumni.In some ways, as the report noted, the atrium idea is a nod to the

59、past, when universities had agricultural and engineering experiment stations with services closer to where people in the state needed them.Whether Georgia Techs ideas will become real is, of course, unclear. But as Alexander told me after reading it, “There is a strong emphasis on flexibility and tr

60、ansformation so they can meet emergent trends.” This is clear: colleges and universities are about to undergo a period of deep change whether they want to or not as the needs of students and the economy shift.1、What can we learn from the two camps opinions about future colleges?AFuture workforce wil