2023届北京市西城区第十五中学高考考前模拟英语试题含解析

1、2023届高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1I have to reschedule the appointment with you since there is a _ in my arrangement. Acontract Bcontrast Cconnection

2、 Dconflict 2I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I _ this mistake at the moment.Adidnt makeBwouldnt makeChadnt makeDwouldnt have made3Whats that noise?Oh，I forget to tell you.The new machine_.Ais testing Bwas being testedCis being tested Dhas been tested4Roger trained hard for the tourna

3、ment for months, but unfortunately he had to _ due to a knee injury.Apull out Bwork outCtry out Dgive out5 Do you often come here to have a walk? No, only _, because we are much too busy.Aoccasionally BeventuallyCmerely Dfrequently6The children wrote magical stories together, _ imaginary worlds of r

4、omantic and military adventure.Ato spinBspinningChaving spunDto have spun7Did you take sides when Mom and Dad were arguing again?No. Ive learned that its best _ until it blows over.Ato call it a day Bto pull their legsCto sit on the fence Dto wash my hands off8There is a wide _of reference books to

5、be found, so _you look for some material needed, you can turn to me.Akind; the last timeBsort; every timeCvariety; next timeDtype; the moment9During _ afternoon, the rain became smaller, but towards_ evening, there was a sudden landslide that buried the village.A/; theBthe; /Cthe; theDan; the10Sit d

6、own, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.Ato keepBkeepingChaving keptDto have kept11Did Tom go back late last night? No. It was just nine oclock he arrived home.Awhen Bafter Cuntil Dthat12Following the girl, we went into a hall; on _ walls hung a few pictures of some famous sci

7、entists.Aits BwhichCwhose Dthose13If the service is awful, a customer has the right to to the manager.AreactBapplyCcomplainDsuggest14When the old man woke up, he found someone his TV in the living room.AstoleBstealCstealingDstolen15Jack and Mike were found cheating in the exam, and_by their teacher

8、at the moment.Awere scoldedBare being scoldedChave been scoldedDwere being scolded16-I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. -Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more active life.AhowBwhenCwhereDwhat17Though Professor Liu _ in New York for seven years, he has never

9、 regretted moving back to Shanghai, his hometown.AlivedBhas livedChad livedDwas living18Abraham set himself up in front of his daughter, hands _ her hair, and was close to tears, reluctant to tear himself from her.Ato toy withBtoyed withCtoying withDbeing toyed with19Could you tell me the_ of making

10、 such tasty cakes? Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.AfeatureBplanCcostDtrick20Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _ has made him what he is today.AwhatBwhichCwhereDthat第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）It has become a certain

11、 belief among the public-drink at least eight glasses of water a day to improve health and wellbeing. Bottled water companies often repeal it to increase their sales but it is actually a silly idea. There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day, scientists say

12、.The misunderstanding is caused from the suggestion that adults should drink 2.5 liters of water daily, which was stressed by the British Medical Journal in December. The important part of the suggestion that most of this quantity of water is contained in prepared foods, however, is usually ignored.

13、US researchers who reviewed the evidence concluded that most people do not need to worry about the amount of water they drink every .day. Besides drinking water, they will be getting plenty of liquid（液体）in other ways. Caffeinated drinks such as tea, coffee and cola and alcohol（酒）can help reach the d

14、aily total if they dont drink too much, though these drinks help the production of urine (尿). Less well known arc the dangers of drinking too much water, causing water poisoning, low salt levels and even death.The review of research by Dan Negoianu, from the University of Pennsylvania, found that no

15、t a single study included the suggestion of drinking eight glasses of water a day. Although one small study suggested that drinking water could result in fewer headaches, the results were not very important. However, the benefits of drinking some water to prevent a pain in head after drinking too mu

16、ch alcohol are, separately, proved to be true.No studies showed any advantages to the color of the skin because of the increased water taken into bodies. Dehydration（脱水）can make skin less pleasant, but there was no clear evidence to support the idea that water helps people keep a youthful appearance

17、. The researchers also found no evidence that drinking lots of water does some good to the bodys organs（器官）.1、From the passage, we know that the suggestion about drinking eight glasses of water a day .Acauses some serious diseasesBhas enough scientific evidence to support itCis misunderstood by peop

18、le in factDwas published by the British Medical Journal2、From the passage we learn that many people dont know that_ .Athe production of urine can cause water to loseBhealth can be improved by drinking plenty of waterCbetter skin can result from intake of much waterDcaffeinated drinks can provide the

19、 water people need3、What can be proved about drinking a lot of water according to the passage?AReducing the bad influence of drinking alcohol.BHelping to keep youthful looks.CMaking the bodys organs stronger.DCausing bad headaches.4、The writers main purpose of writing this passage is to .Apersuade p

20、eople to drink different kinds of waterBtell people drinking much water is not as healthy as is consideredCwarn people of the danger of drinking much waterDhelp people realize the importance of drinking enough water every day22（8分）Peggy Whitsons job demands a daily two-hour workout in a gym where we

21、ight has no meaning and the view changes at 17,000 miles an hour.Whitson makes it look easy. At 57, she is the oldest woman to fly in space, breaking the record last November when she began her third long-term stay at the International Space Station. After returning home in September, 2017, the NASA

22、 astronaut felt matter-of-fact about the age milestone(里程碑).“It wasnt a record I was seeking out,” Whitson said. “I was 42 and 48 for my first two space flights. I feel lucky that I was able to get to do another one in my 50s. I dont think people should let age discourage them, even on those jobs th

23、at require some amount of physical fitness. The oldest man is John Glenn (at 77), but weve had male astronauts in their 60s before, so its just a matter of time before women started flying in space at this age.”On Earth, she stays fit by weightlifting, biking, playing basketball and water skiing. Sh

24、e shared what its like to live in micro-gravity: “Its like youre in a swimming pool, but you dont have to worry about breathing. If I push off from one side, Im going to float to the other side. Every direction feels exactly the same, which is really hard for your brain to grasp, but its amazing how

25、 fast you adapt.Its a big shock for the body to come back to Earth everything is so heavy. We spend a lot of time getting used being back in gravity again. Back pain was really the most dramatic for me this time. For me, coming home is way harder than going up into space.”1、What does the underlined

26、word probably mean in the passage?AamazingBnaturalCenthusiasticDunbelievable2、How many days did Peggy Whiston spend in space for her third stay in the International Space Station?AAbout 300 days.BAbout 708 days.CAbout 107 days.DAbout 57 days.3、According to the passage, which of the following is true

27、?APeggy Whiston is the oldest person to fly in space, breaking the record.BThere had been female astronauts in their 60s before.CPeggy Whiston likes swimming most to stay fit on earth.DPeggy Whiston had been in space in 2002 and 2008.4、Which of the following will Peggy Whiston probably say?AYou can

28、still be successful and do physical things when you get older.BI spent quite a lot of time getting used to the life in space.CThe moment we reached the earth, we felt so relaxed.DI feel lucky that I am physically all right after the whole journey.23（8分） A while back I caught a news report on somethi

29、ng called couch surfing and the network of trusting souls who make this phenomenon possible. They offer to put up travelers free of charge and help them on their ways. At first, it sounded unbelievable. I mean, inviting strangers into ones home for one or two nights? Give me a break.However, I was i

30、ntrigued. I decided to investigate. The only way to truly learn about this phenomenon was to dive in. So I planned a trip to Finland, a country Ive always wanted to explore. I would couch surf at every stop there.If ever any anxiety existed when stepping into the unknown, it disappeared when my firs

31、t host met me at the train station. Ari looked like my idea of a typical Finn: tall and blue-eyed. Finns were also supposed to be famously reserved (寡言少语的). Ari was anything but. He was a live wire, giving me an enthusiastic welcome and hiking with me to his apartment, where he showed me the sleeper

32、 sofa, served me tea, and engaged me in warm conversations. He also handed me a key to come and go as I pleased.If this was what couch surfing was all about trust and friendship then I had gotten off to a good start. As I boarded my next train to continue my journey, I began to think about this couc

33、h-surfing idea. What urged these people to open their homes to strangers? I concluded that there was a desire to lend a hand to like-minded folks who might enrich their own lives.Seven cities in 14 days. Seven hosts. Seven new friends. If couch surfing taught me anything, its this: Most people are g

34、ood and generous. Where will couch surfing take me next? Who knows? But I cant wait to find out.1、Which of the following best explains intrigued underlined in the second paragraph?ARelaxed.BDisgusted.CInterested.DEmbarrassed.2、What can we know about Ari?AHe was reserved like most Finns.BHe talked le

35、ss but he was friendly.CHe treated the author as a friend.DHe saw off the author at the train station.3、Why did people offer couch surfing to strangers?ATo take an adventure with strangers.BTo exchange houses for a short time.CTo learn more about others family lives.DTo enrich their own lives by hel

36、ping others.4、What can be the suitable title for the text?ATravel on Trust and CouchesBA Free Travel in FinlandCExperiences in Strangers HousesDA Plan for Couch Surfing24（8分）The key to getting people to work together effectively could be giving them the freedom to choose their collaborators (合作者) an

37、d the comfort of working with established contacts, new research suggests.In the study, David Melamed, an assistant professor of sociology at the Ohio State University and lead author of the study, and his co-authors found participants through the Amazon Mechanical Turk website a service that allows

38、 researchers to hire people from around the world for a variety of purposes. For this study, all participants were from the United States.Those who agreed to participate played online games in which each player started out with 1,000 monetary units that translated to $1 in real money they could pock

39、et. If one player agreed to pay another player 50 monetary units, that second person would actually acquire 100 units. Each of the 16-round games included about 25 participants, some of whom participated in multiple games. In all, 810 people participated in the research.Some of the games included ra

40、ndom networks, where certain people could interact. Others included clustered (群集的) networks, in which a small group had multiple connections an arrangement that was designed to mimic (模拟) real life, where humans often run their lives in packs. And the networks were either static (静态的) or dynamic (动

41、态的). In static networks, a player could interact only with the appointed partners. In dynamic networks, participants could cut their ties with another player and form new connections. Furthermore, some of the games included reputation information. Participants were labeled based on their history of

42、willingness to share money. The idea was to test whether those known to collaborate were favored by other players based on reputation a factor shown in previous research to play a significant role in whether a person is likely to partner with another.Melamed and his research partners were surprised

43、to find that whether people are likely to partner with others had nothing to do with reputation in this study. The findings might have departed from previous studies because of the difference in size and study design, he said, explaining that much of the previous work in this area was conducted in g

44、roups of 100 or fewer and mostly involved student subjects. The Turk network used for the new study has been shown to be representative of the U.S. population in terms of age, race and other factors and the introduced players had no previous connections.Cooperation rates overall were high and highes

45、t when the participants were cooperating in clusters and had the ability to drop a partner in favor of another. “What really seems to matter is the ability to change the structure of a network,” Melamed said. “And the patterns of relationships also made a difference. Those in a known cluster with mu

46、ltiple connections cooperated more.”1、What did David Melamed and his partners do for their study?AThey hired 810 people globally.BThey gave each participant $1,000.CThey designed 16-round online games.DThey asked each participant to take part in only one game.2、Compared with previous research, the n

47、ew study found that _.Areputation played no role in cooperationBstudent subjects were more likely to partner with othersCplayers having connections before were more cooperativeDcooperation rates were influenced by age, race and other factors3、It can be inferred that the purpose of the study led by D

48、avid Melamed is to discover _.Ahow to change the patterns of relationshipsBwhat leads people to collaborate most willinglyCwhat kind of person is the most popular in a teamDwhether its proper to drop a partner in favor of another25（10分）Teens dont understand the big fuss (小题大做). As the first generati

49、on to grow up in a wired world they hardly know a time when computers werent around, and they eagerly catch the chance to spend hours online, chatting with friends, so what?But researchers nationwide are increasingly worried that teens are becoming isolated, less skillful at person-to-per son relati

50、onships, and perhaps numb to the cheatings that are so much a part of the e-mail world. “And a teens sense of self and values may be changed in a world where personal connections can be limitless,” said Shetty Turkle.Another researcher, Robert Kraut, said hes worried about the “opportunity costs” of

51、 so much online time for youths. He found that teens who used computers, even just a few hours a week, showed increased signs of loneliness and social isolation. “Chatting online may be better than watching television, but its worse than hanging out with real friends,” he said.Todays teens, however,

52、 dont see anything strange in the fact that the computer takes up a central place in their social lives. “School is busy and full of pressure. Theres almost no time to just hang out,” said Parker Rice, 17 “Talking online is just to catch time.”Teens say they feel good about what they say online or t

53、aking the lime to think about a reply. Some teens admit that asking someone for a date, or breaking up, can be easier in message form, though they dont want to do so. But they insist theres no harm.1、The researchers argue that .Ateens develop a different sense of valuesBnothing i s wrong with teens

54、chatting onlineCteens can manage their social connectionsDspending hours online does much goo d to teens2、Teens think that talking online can help them .Ause computers properlyBimprove their school workCdevelop an interest in social skillsDreduce their mental pressures3、The text mainly deals with .A

55、teens pleasant online experienceBteens computer skills and school workCthe effects of the computer world on teensDdifferent opinions on teens chatting online4、Which of the following is TRUE?ATeens are more skillful at person-to-person relationships.BTeens showed decreasing signs of loneliness and so

56、cial isolation.CChatting online is worse than hanging out with real friends.DAsking someone for a date, or breaking can be more difficult in message form.5、The purpose of the text is to .Ade scribe computer re se arch re suitsBdraw attention to teens computer habitsCsuggest ways to deal with problem

57、 teensDdiscuss problems teens have at school第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）The following is a beautiful speech by Sundar Pichai, a senior executive at a big IT company. At a 1 , a cockroach (蟑螂) suddenly flew from somewhere and sat on a lady. She

58、started 2 out of fear. With a panic-stricken face and trembling voice, she started jumping, with both her hands 3 trying to get rid of the cockroach. Her 4 was contagious (传染的), as everyone in her group also got 5 . The lady finally managed to push the cockroach away but it 6 on another lady in the

59、group.Now, it was the 7 of the other lady in the group to 8 the drama. The waiter rushed forward to their 9 . In the relay of throwing, the cockroach next fell upon the waiter. The waiter stood 10 , calmed himself and observed the behavior of the cockroach on his shirt. When he was 11 enough, he gra

60、bbed it with his fingers and 12 it out of the restaurant.Sipping my coffee and watching the amusement, I picked up a few thoughts and started wondering 13 the cockroach was responsible for their behavior. If so, then why was the waiter not 14 ? He handled it near to perfection, without any 15 . It w