初中英语代词

1、关于初中英语代词第一张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清 分类人称、作用人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves作用主语宾语、表语定语主语、表语、宾语宾语、表语、同位语第

2、二张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月（一）人称代词的语序：单数形式：（二、三、一） 即：you/ he/ I复数形式：（一、二、三） 即；we/ you/ they第三张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月（二）、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词在句中做定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。名词性物主代词常用来避免与前面提及的名词重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。eg: This is my dictionary. Where is yours?名词性物主代词可用在of 后面做定语，相当于“ of +名词所有格” ，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。eg: He i

3、s a friend of mine.第四张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月二、it的用法it既是宾格又可以做主格，有时也可以指人。1. 代表前面提到过的事物。如： My pen is missing. I cant find it anywhere.2. 用来指人，主要指婴儿或者身份不明的人。 -Who is knocking at the door? -It is me. The woman had a baby. It was five months old.第五张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月二、it的用法3. 表示时间、距离、天气等。如： It will be su

4、nny tomorrow.4. 作形式主语或者形式宾语。如： I found it difficult to learn English well first. It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.第六张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月三、反身代词的用法定义：反身代词又称自身代词，由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格，单数加词尾self、复数加词尾selves 构成，可用口诀简记如下：反身代词表自身，self与selves单数、复分。 一、二人称形代后，第三人称改用宾。在句子中，反身代词可作动词或

5、介词的宾语、表语、主语或者宾语的同位语，也可用口诀简记：反身代词三成分：宾、表同位反自身。第七张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月三、反身代词的用法（一）作动词的宾语反身代词可以与enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等词连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night?2. help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃点什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人的用语。 Help yourselve

6、s to some fruit, children.第八张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月三、反身代词的用法3. hurt oneself 伤着自己 She didnt hurt herself.4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自学 Did you teach yourself English ?= Did you learn English by yourself?5. look after oneself 照顾自己 I can look after myself well, thanks.第九张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月三、反身代

7、词的用法6. say to oneself自言自语 Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?”7. come to oneself苏醒 Soon the lady came to herself.8. make oneself + 过去分词，使自己被别人 She did her best to make herself understood.9. make yourself at home别客气，让自己像在家一样 Help yourself to some fish. Make yourself at home.10. lose oneself in沉浸

8、于陶醉于 They both lost themselves in the beautiful music.第十张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月三、反身代词的用法（二） 反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语1. by oneself = alone自己做 She has done her homework by herself.2. for oneself为自己 She made the skirt for herself.3. of oneself自然而然的、自动的 The door opened of itself.4. among themselves在他们中间 They are d

9、iscussing the matter among themselves.第十一张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月三、反身代词的用法（三）作表语反身代词可与be动词或系动词连用，表示或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态。 The little boy was myself.（四）用作主语或宾语的同位语，往往用来加强名词或代词的语气，在句中可置于名词、代词之前、之后或句子末尾。1. 作主语的同位语 You will have to do it yourself. He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.作宾语的同位语 I will gi

10、ve the letter to your brother himself. Youd better ask Mary herself about it.第十二张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月四、指示代词this/ that/ these/ those单数复数用法1用法2thisthese近指指下文将要提及的事thatthose远指指前面刚提过的事【辨析】one, it, that it 常用来特指上下文提到的同类事物，用来指可数名词或者不可数名词，one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一份子，用于代替可数名词，that常用在比较等级中，代表前面提到的名词，以避免重复。The book

11、is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Dalian is much wetter than that of Lanzhou.第十三张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月五、不定代词some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（一）some 与 anysome 常用于肯定句中，当说话者期望得到对方的肯定回答或表示请求建议时，可以用在疑问句中；any常用于否定句和疑问句中，当any表示“任何”时，可用于肯定句。

12、There arent any students in the classroom. -Would you like some bread? -Yes, please.第十四张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月五、不定代词some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（二）辨析both, neither, either, all, noneboth, neither和 either这三个词用于两者或两者之间，both表示“两者都”，用于肯定句；neither与both互为反义词，意为“两者都不”；either表示“两者之中任何一个”（或

13、者用于否定句中，表示“也”）。all和none都用于三者或者三者以上，all表示“全部、都”，none表示“没有任何人或物”。第十五张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月五、不定代词some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等【辨析】so/ neither+助动词+主语！和so/ neither+主语+助动词！so +（be、助动词、情态动词）+主语，意为“也”，“同样”。表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人（物），此句是一倒装句。neither用法与之相反。so +主语+（be、助动词、情态动词），表示“赞同”，意为“不错、的确、确实”

14、。注意：前后两个句子指的是同一个人。同样，neither的用法与之相反。第十六张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月五、不定代词some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（三）many&muchmany 和much都有“许多”的意思，many用来修饰可数名词复数，much用来修饰不可数名词。名词修饰语一览表常修饰可数名词的词或短语常修饰不可数名词的词或短语既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的词或短语each, every, several, few, a few, many, too many, a number of, many a

15、/an, only a few, quite a fewlittle, a little, much, too much, a good/ great deal of, a bit of, a small/ large/ huge amount ofsome, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough, all the rest of第十七张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月五、不定代词some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（四）a few, a little, few, little表

16、示肯定，“有几个，有点”表示否定，“没多少，很少”后加名词a fewfew可数名词a littlelittle不可数名词第十八张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月五、不定代词some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等each和every“每一个”each=everyShe knows each student of the class.她认识班级中的每个学生。She knows every student of the class.她认识班级中的所有学生。Each of them doesnt smoke.每个人都不吸烟。every

17、却只有形容词词性，不可单独使用。each作代词，与of连用重于个体强调整体第十九张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月五、不定代词some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（六）图解other系列不定代词 one（一个） the other（另一个） one（一个） another（其余的任一个） one（一个） the others（其余的全部） some（一些） others（其余的一部分）some（一些） the others（其余的全部）第二十张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月六、复合不定代词指物指人everythin

18、geveryone， everybodysomethingsomeone， somebodyanythinganyone，anybody nothingno one, nobody第二十一张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月六、复合不定代词注：1. 这些词后一般都不可接of短语。2. 这些词一般没有词形变化，但以-one或-body结尾的词能带所有格词尾。如：Everyones life was in danger. 3. 这些词修饰形容词或者副词时，形容词或者副词都需要后置。4. 这些复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。5. 在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分的主语是everybody，so

19、meone等指人的复合代词时，疑问部分的主语往往用they，也可以用he；若陈述部分的主语是anything， nothing等指物的复合代词时，疑问部分的主语用it。如： Everyone knows this, doesnt he/ dont they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it ?第二十二张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月七、相互代词each other; one another.表示两个人或事物之间的相互关系用each other, 表示三个或者三个以上的人或事物之间的相互关系时，用one another或each other都

20、可以，也就是说one anther一般不用于两者之间的相互关系。其所有格形式是each other s和one another s，两者常可互换。第二十三张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月八、疑问代词及关系代词（一）疑问代词1. who，whom都表示“谁”，作主语时用who，作宾语时用whom。Who在特殊疑问句中可以替换whom，但当疑问词作介词宾语时，且介词又置于句首时，只能用whom。 With whom did you talk just now? Who (whom) are you waiting for?2. which, what在特殊疑问句作定语时，后面必须紧跟一个

21、名词。 What class are you in?第二十四张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月八、疑问代词及关系代词（二）关系代词This is the doctor who came here yesterday.The man whom you saw last week has left the town.I know the woman whose husband is a doctor.The room which you can see by the river is a reading room.主格宾格所有格指人whowhomwhose指人或物which /第二十五张，

22、PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月练习一：单项选择1. Please send_ best wishes to Mary. A. I B. me C. my D. mine2. This is my book. _are over there. A. Your B. Yours C. You D. Mine3. _ have a lot of homework to do. A. He, you and I B. You, he and I C. I, you and he D.I, he and you 4. The man downstairs found _ very difficu

23、lt to get to sleep. A. that B. them C. it D. its5. -Hi, Jim. Is this your bike or Toms? - Its mine, not_. A. hers B. yours C. his D. himCBBCC第二十六张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月练习一：单项选择6. Tom is here, and a friend of _ is here, too. A. his father B. his fathers C. hes father D. he father7. Help _ to some fish,

24、 Jenny. A. yourselves B. yourself C. himself D. herself8. The boys and girls seemed to enjoy_ in the park. A. themselves B. them C. they D. their9. - Is this model plane yours? - Yes, its mine. It is made by_. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herself10. Mr. Green taught_ English in our school and

25、 taught_ French at home. A. us his B. him us C. us himself D. our himselfBBAAC第二十七张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月练习一：单项选择11. -Could you offer me _ juice, sir? -Im really sorry. I havent got_ now. A. any; any B. some; any C. some; some D. any; some12. Is there _ with your bike? A. anything wrong B. wrong anyth

26、ing C. something wrong D. wrong something13. - Im leaving for the exam. Bye-bye, Mum. - Well, make sure youve got_ ready. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing14. He can speak _ French, but not_. A. some, much B. any, much C. much, many D. many, any15. Money is important in my life, but

27、it isnt _ to me. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anythingBACAA第二十八张，PPT共三十一页，创作于2022年6月练习一：单项选择16. - Could I have some milk? - Certainly. Theres_ in the bottle. A. little B. a little C. a few D. few17. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_. A. one B. it C. this D. that18. This apple