综合布线概念的知识

1、什么是综合布线什么是综合布线一种楼宇的弱电设备线缆连接系统使用统一的连接线缆和标准的拓扑结构将各种楼宇弱电设备和用户设备连接起来电信进线交换机电话电信进线网络设备计算机传感器楼宇控制网络楼宇设备 传统的布线系统电话：1,2对双绞线，RJ-11/接线盒，分线箱以太网：50同轴电缆，AUI/BNC接头RS-232串行通信：多芯电缆，D25/D9接口电视/视频传送：75同轴电缆，RCA/BNC接头计算机/网络通讯：各种同轴、双同轴电缆 屏蔽、非屏蔽多芯电缆 :用户对布线的要求用户的设备应可方便地改变位置(迁移)用户可方便地增加新的设备(增加)用户可在一个通讯口上使用多种种设备 (改变)以上3种用户对

2、综合布线的需求一般简称为 MAC (Move,Add,Change)传统布线的问题不同的线缆、接口多种维护手段、工具将来发展的预留每个系统都要预留弱电竖井多个系统并用，管理困难孤立发展的系统多个系统间相互干扰难以应付需求的变化迁移、增加、改变综合布线的基本思想用一种铜缆支持所有的系统UTP4对8芯非屏蔽双绞线用一种接口支持所有的系统RJ-45 + 各种应用系统适配器用光缆来加强铜缆的性能综合布线系统用综合布线连接各种应用Point to PointPoint to MultipointUser to UserWorkstation/PC/Terminal to Host ControllerT

3、elephone to PBX SwitchBuilding Management Systems to Control RoomVideo Source to Video Receiver 综合布线的一些元器件线缆配线架跳插线端接模块水平线(硬线)跳插线(软线)端接模块模块安装面板综合布线的构成综合布线由外部电缆进入大楼开始可分成的六个部分工作区(WA)水平布线(Horizental Cabling/Distribution)通讯间(TR)主干布线(Backbone Cabling)设备间(ER)进线设施(EF)综合布线标准拓扑结构90 米5米语音数据500/1700/2700 米通讯室/T

4、R工作区插座铜质水平布线光纤主干语音主干建筑 1建筑 2XXXXX最低用Cat 5e建议用Cat 5e300 米可选的CPCat 5e 4对、大对数数据主干 90米设备室/ER语音/多模/单模光纤进线设施/EF工作区水平布线HorizontalCableTelecommunications RoomTelecommunicationsOutlet (TO)/Information Outlet (IO)TO/IOTO/IOTO/IO最常见水平信道(通道)的构成信道墙面插口工作区连接线配线架集中点跳线设备连接线水平线缆永久链路Hub/SwitchTelephone主干主干布线SleeveBack

5、bone Riser Cable设备间/通讯间EquipmentCableDuctsSystemCommonEquipmentConnecting HardwareRiser BackboneCablesSystem-CommonEquipment CablingRiser BackboneCables 进线设施CableEntranceSplice CaseProtector UnitConnecting HardwareRiser Backbone Cables综合布线系统的工作方式将线缆分为需要固定的线缆(水平线/主干线-硬线)和可活动线缆(跳线-软线)硬线注重传输性能，不耐弯曲软线耐弯

6、曲，但传输性能不如硬线用连接器(配线架/插座)连接固定线缆和活动线缆敷设好固定线缆后把线缆接到配线架和插座上叫端接线缆端接固定线缆以保证其不弯曲或活动用活动线缆把设备和配线架上的固定线缆连接起来叫做跳线综合布线系统的工作方式信道墙面插口工作区连接线配线架集中点跳线设备连接线水平线缆永久链路Hub/SwitchTelephonePBX主干综合布线系统的工作方式信道墙面插口工作区连接线配线架集中点跳线设备连接线水平线缆永久链路TelephonePBX主干Hub/SwitchUTP 的传输方式双绞线采用平衡传输的方式，具有抗干扰和辐射小的特点UTP 布线的优势与特点价格便宜适中比屏蔽线缆要细小、轻便

7、需要的穿线管规格要小安装施工(穿线、端接等)更简单方便无需接地降低了可能的布线故障率支持常用的网络传输协议UTP 与网络安全非屏蔽不是问题UTP 符合辐射限制要求IEC CISPR 22 及 FCC Class A 和 Class B混凝土内钢筋可提供达20dB的屏蔽作用依据 IEC 61000-5-6 (1999)网络传输编码时的扰码扩散频谱，更难和其他噪音区分其他的设备辐射更加容易截获显示器，Modem，RS232线缆等显示器信号有可能在1km处截获其他的网络安全问题远超过 UTP内部人员泄密，黑客等综合布线与网络布线相关的问题占网络问题的 70%以上布线的投资占 IT 系统总投资的 5%

8、选择一个优秀的布线系统将解决此问题综合布线与网络连接的区别单一用途的布线仅需考虑连接网络没有统一的结构往往是直接连接设备很大的随意性连接可靠性没有保障自己购买、制作插头，无质量控制硬线当软线使用，影响插头连接可靠性和线缆的使用长久性多种用途的布线不仅是网络具有标准的拓扑结构跳线、通讯插口、水平布线、配线架，主干保证长时间的连接可靠性工厂设计、制造的跳线，有严格的质量控制体系各种元器件完善地匹配，保障整体性能网络连接综合布线布线系统的分类类别 带宽(MHz)传输率(bps) 代表线缆 常用线对Cat 31610MDIW2Cat 42016MBDN2Cat 5100155MNOR52Cat 5eP

9、S1001200M1583A4Cat 6PS2002400M2412/7814A4Cat 6+PS3004800M48124Cat 6APS50010G10GX124综合布线的一些限定水平线长度=90M, 软线长度=10M水平信道 =100M楼内主干长度 =300M楼间主干长度=1700M(多模光纤)数据(网络)传输距离=100M语音传输距离=800M布线设计需注意的事项保持线缆/端口的通用性一般不要复用线缆/端口遵从标准的要求遵守前面的长度/距离要求保证支持各种的应用按照较长的布线寿命设计一般的布线寿命在10年以上考虑布线在其寿命期内所有可能发生的需求支持的应用系统应符合综合布线的特点一些应

10、用系统采用传统布线有更好的性价比综合布线对突发的需求支持较好Ethernet Cabling Solutions- Enterprise vs Plant FloorTIA Cabling StandardsCategory 5eANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2, Commercial Building Telecommunications StandardPart 2: Balanced Twisted pair Cabling Components, 2001Category 6ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1, Commercial Building Telecomm

11、unications Standard Part2: Addendum 1: Transmission Performance Specifications for 4 Pair 100 Ohm category 6 cabling, 2002Category 6AANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-10, Commercial Building Telecommunications StandardPart 2: Addendum 10: Transmission Performance Specifications for 4 Pair 100 Ohm Augmented Categ

12、ory 6 Cabling, pending publicationISO Cabling StandardsClass DISO/IEC 11801, 2nd Ed., Information technology - Generic Cabling for Customer Premises, 2002Class EISO/IEC 11801, 2nd Ed., Information technology - Generic Cabling for Customer Premises, 2002Class EAAmendment 1 to ISO/IEC 11801, 2nd Ed.,

13、Information technology - Generic Cabling for Customer Premises, pending publicationClass FISO/IEC 11801, 2nd Ed., Information technology - Generic Cabling for Customer Premises, 2002Class FAAmendment 1 to ISO/IEC 11801, 2nd Ed., Information technology - Generic Cabling for Customer Premises, pending

14、 publicationTIA / ISO Cabling StandardsCabling Performance StandardsIndustry Standards Performance Comparison at 100 MHz for ChannelsCategory 5e Class DCategory 6 Class ECategory 6A Class EAClass FClass FAFreq Range (MHz)1 - 1001 - 2501 - 5001 - 6001 - 1,000Insertion Loss (dB)2421.3 (21.7)20.920.820

15、.3NEXT Loss (dB)30.139.939.962.965PSNEXT Loss (dB)27.137.137.159.962ACR (dB)6.118.618.642.146.1PSACR (dB)3.115.815.839.141.7ACRF1) (dB)17.423.323.3 (25.5)44.447.4PSACRF2) (dB)14.420.320.3 (22.5)41.444.4Return Loss (dB)1012121212PSANEXT Loss n/sn/s60n/s67PSAACRF (dB)n/sn/s37n/s52TCL (dB)n/sn/s20.320.

16、320.3ELTCTL (dB)n/sn/s0.5 (0) 3)00Prop Delay (ns)548548548548548Delay Skew (ns)5050503030Unbonded-PairBonded-PairA cables ability to perform electrically at the same level of high performance whether “on-the-reel” or installed in the wall is called.“Installable Performance”Enterprise vs Plant Floor-

17、 Bonded-PairsLoss ofConductor-to-ConductorCentricityPS5E version (shown) used in 1200 system enhanced Cat 5ePS6+ version used in 2400/4800LX systems, up to 300 MHz enhanced Cat 6110-style termination Termination Bar (PS6+) version gives:Total termination stabilityPair lie remains unchanged regardles

18、s of cable rotationEliminates variability due to installer techniquePS5E GigaFlex Outlet (with modular cord)Cat. Pg. 15.25-26Enterprise vs Plant Floor - OfficeRCASVHSSVGAPre-moldedWide/angledStandard UTPSleek appearanceSingle and double-gang versions“Kits” available plates, labels, inserts, blanksPr

19、e-molded UTP bezelsEmpty UTP insertsWide/angled insertsMultimedia insertsStainless steelStainless steel versionsCat. Pg. 15.28-30, 34Enterprise vs Plant Floor- OfficeDensities to 120-port12-port modular blocks comprise core Cat 5e IBDN System 1200 performance (160 MHz)Cat. Pg. 15.23Enterprise vs Pla

20、nt Floor- Office (Factory w/enclosure)Densities to 6U 144-portAccepts EZ-MDVO or GigaFlex jacks, multimedia, or fiber insertsGigaFlex Jacks provide from 160 to 300 MHz performanceIntegrated rear cable-management bar (not shown)Cat. Pg. 15.23Enterprise vs Plant Floor- Office (Factory w/enclosure)Ente

21、rprise vs Plant Floor- Factory Mission Critical Applications Demand High Performance Solutions Belden manufactures a broad selection of industrial Ethernet cabling solutions Belden industrial Ethernet connectivity solutions being developed. IP67 rated RJ-45 patch cords, connectors and faceplates to

22、be introduced in August 2007 Enterprise vs Plant FloorFactory - Industrial Ethernet Cable Selection GuideEnterprise vs Plant Floor- Fiber Optic CableCable Portfolio & CapabilitiesWidest Range of Constructions Tight Buffer & Loose Tube1 288 Fiber CountsMultimode & Single-modeGlass Utilized (Corning;

23、OFS; Others)Highest PerformanceLaser OptimizedRiser; Plenum; LSZHIndoor/Outdoor Riser & Plenum Interlocked ArmorTray Rated (IEEE-383 / OFNR)TacticalComposite & HybridsEnterprise vs Plant Floor- ConnectivityPatch cordsHybrid (copper and/or fiber) connectivityWall-mount fiber connectivityRack-mount fiber connectivity“Plug-and-go” fiber connectivity & cablesOptimax field-installable connectorsSecure / Keyed LC connectivityFiberExpress ManagerNo polishing required saves installation time and the cost of polishing paperN