化工专业英语词汇剖析

1、化工专业英语词汇化学专业课程中英文对照普通化学GeneralChemistry分析化学AnalyticalChemistry有机化学OrganicChemistry物理化学PhysicalChemistry谱学导论IntroductonofSpectroscopy无机化学InorganicChemistry普通化学和分析化学实验ExperimentsofGeneralandAnalyticalChemistry现在基础化学ThePrincipleofMordernChemistry现在基础化学实验ExperimentsofModernFundamentalChemistry有机化学实验Expe

2、rimentsofOrganicChemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验ExperimentsofInstrumentalAnalysisandPhysicalChemistry合成化学实验ExperimentsofSyntheticChemistry现代化学专题TopicofModernChemistry化学综合实验ExperimentsofComprehensiveChemistry化工原理PrincipleofChemicalEngineering化工原理实验ExperimentsofChemicalEngineering应用化学实验ExperimentsofAppliedChemist

3、ry无机合成化学SyntheticInorganicChemistry近代分析化学ModernAnalyticalChemistryA分离分析化学SeparationAnalyticalChemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定SpectrumIdentificationofOrganicCompounds有机合成及反应机理OrganicSynthesisandMechanics化学进展ProgressinChemistry化学反应工程ChemicalReactionEngineering应用电化学AppliedElectrochemistry工业催化IndustrialCatalysis环境化学E

4、nvironmentalChemistry环境监测EnvironmentalMonitoring化学科技英语ScientificEnglishforChemistry数理方法在化学中的应用MathematicalStatisticsforChemistry化工制图ChemicalEngineeringCartography计算机与化学测量实验ComputerandChemicalMeasurement化学信息学ChemoinformaticsorChemicalInformatics应用化学专题SpecialTopicsinAppliedChemistry一、化工装置常用词汇一概论introd

5、uction方案（建议书）proposal可行性研究feasibilitystudy方案设计conceptdesign工艺设计processdesign基础设计basicdesign详细设计detaildesign开工会议kick-offmeeting审核会议reviewmeeting外商投资foreigninvestment中外合资jointventure中外合营jointventure补偿贸易compensationtrade合同合同附件contractI-、.卖方vendor买方buyer顾客client承包商contractor工程公司company供应范围scopeofsupply生

6、产范围productionscope生产能力productioncapacity项目project界区batterylimit装置plant公用工程utilities工艺流程图processflowdiagram工艺流程方块图processblockdiagram管道及仪表流程图pipingandinstrumentdrawing物料及热量平衡图mass&heatbalancediagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图steam&condensatebalancediagram设备布置图equipmentlayout设备表equipmentlist成品（产品）product(finalproduct)副

7、产品by-product原料raw-material设计基础数据basicdatafordesign技术数据technicaldata数据表datasheet设计文件designdocument设计规定designregulation现场服务siteservice项目变更projectchange用户变更clientchange消耗定额consumptionquota技术转让technicaltransfer技术知识technicalknow-howtechnicalknowledge技术保证technicalguarantee咨询服务consultativeservices技术服务techn

8、icalservices工作地点施工现场locationconstructionfield报价quotation标书biddingbook公司利润companyprofit固定价合同fixedpricecontract固定单价合同fixedunitpricecontract成本加酬金合同costplusawardfeecontract定金mobilization银行保证书bankguaranteeletter保留金retention所得税incometaxes特别承包人税specialcontractorstaxes城市和市政税cityandmunicipaltaxes工作手册workmanu

9、al工作流程图workflowdiagram质量保证程序QA/QCprocedures采购计划procurementplan施工计划constructionplan施工进度constructionschedule项目实施计划projectexecutionplan项目协调程序projectcoordinationprocedure项目总进度计划projectmasterschedule设计网络计划engineeringnetworklogic项目质量保证projectqualityassurance项目质量控制projectqualitycontrol采购procurement采购周期proc

10、urementperiod会签thesquadcheck计算书calculationsheets询价inquiry检验inspection运输transportation开车startup/commission验收inspection&acceptance校核check审核review审定approve版次version部门department专业specialty项目号projectnumber图号drawingnumber目录contents序言foreword章chapter节section项itemMRmaterialrequisitionSPECengineeringspecific

11、ationDATASHEET（技术表）technicaldatasheetTBA（技术评标）technicalbidanalysisPDPpreliminarydesignpackagePM（项目经理）projectmanagerLDE（专业负责人）leaddisciplineengineerMRQ（材料询价单）MaterialrequisitionforquotationMRP（材料采购单）materialrequisitionforpurchaseBEP（基础工程设计包）basicengineeringpackageP&ID（管道及仪表流程图）pipingandinstrumentdraw

12、ing（diagram）PFDprocessflowdiagramNNFnormallynoflowFOfailureopenFCfailurecloseC/S/Acivil/structure/architectureDDP（详细设计阶段）detaildesignphase二、工艺流程连续过程continuousprocess间歇过程batchprocess工艺叙述processdescription工艺特点processfeature操作operation反应reaction副反应sidereaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应c

13、atalyticalreaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leachi

14、ng破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression三、化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizingagen

15、t还原剂reducingagent有机物organicmaterial真空vacuum母液masterliquor富液richliquor贫液leanliquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalionpoint沸点boilingpoint熔点meltingpoint蒸发率evaporationrate粘度viscosity吸水的waterabsorbent(a)无水的anhydrous(a)外观appearanc

16、e无色的colorless(a)透明的半透明的密度transparent(a)translucentdensity比重specificgravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点1=17、八、self-ignitiontemperature可燃气体combustiblegas可燃液体inflammableliquid易燃液体volatileliquid爆炸混合物explosivemixture爆炸性环境explosiveatmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosiveconcentrationlimit废水wastewater废

17、液wasteliquid废气off-gas噪声noisepollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩forceandmoment弯矩bendingmoment应力-应变曲线stress-straindiagram百分比percentage环境温度ambienttemperature工作温度operating设计温度designtemperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relativehumidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity四、化工设备泵pump轴流泵axialflowpump真空泵vacuumpump屏蔽泵cannedpump柱塞

18、泵plungerpump涡轮泵turbinepump涡流泵vortexpump离心泵centrifugalpump喷射泵jetpump转子泵rotarypump管道泵inlinepump双作用往复泵doubleactionreciprocatingpump计量泵meteringpump深井泵deepwellpump齿轮泵gearpump手摇泵hand(wobble)pump螺杆泵screw(spiral)pump潜水泵submersiblepump斜转子泵inclinedrotorpump封闭式电磁泵hermeticallysealedmagneticdrivepump气升泵air-lift-

19、pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器highpressurevessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flamearrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotarykiln加热器heater电加热器electricheater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heatexchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器staticmixers管道混合器linemixers混合槽mixingtanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulve

20、rizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electricprecipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifierE卄w.浮洗器

21、flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备packageunit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotarycompressor往复式压缩机reciprocatingcompressor水环式压缩机nashcompressor螺杆式压缩机helicalscrewcompressor离心式压缩机centrifugalcompressor多级压缩机mutiplestagescompressor固定床反应器fixedbedreactor流化床反应器fluidizedbedreactor管式反应器tubularreactor列管式

22、换热器tubularheatexchanger螺旋板式换热器spiralplateheatexchanger萃取塔extractioncolumn板式塔platecolumn填料塔packedcolumn洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔coolingtower精馏塔fractionatingtower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prilltower塔附件toweraccessories液体分配（布）器liquiddistributor填料支持板supportplate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶（底）层塔盘top

23、（bottom）tray挡板baffle抽出口drawnozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubblecap筛板sieveplate浮阀floatvalve除沫器demisterpad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头ellipticalhead高位槽headtank中间槽intermediatetank加料槽feedtank补给槽make-uptank计量槽measuringtank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collectingtank液滴分离器knockoutdrum稀释罐thinningtank缓冲罐surgedrum回流罐refluxdrum闪蒸罐flashdrum浮顶罐floatingroo

24、ftank内浮顶罐coveredfloatingrooftank球罐spheroid气柜gasholder湿式气柜wetgas-holder干式气柜drygas-holder螺旋式气柜helicalgas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotaryvalve抽滤器mutchefilter压滤器filterpress压滤机pressurefilter板框压滤器plate-and-framfilterpress转鼓过滤器rotarydrumfilter带式过滤器beltfilter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bagfilter旋风分离器cycloneseparator盘式干燥箱compartmenttray

25、drier真空干燥器vacuumdrier隧道式干燥器tunneldrier回转干燥器rotarydrier穿流循环干燥器throughcirculationdrier喷雾干燥器spraydrier气流干燥器pneumaticconveyordrier圆盘式加料器dishfeeder螺旋式加料器screwfeeder颚式破碎机jawcrusher回转破碎机gyratorycrusher滚洞破碎机rollcrusher锤式破碎机hammercrusher冲击破碎机rotorimpactbreaker气流喷射粉碎机jetpulverizer棍磨机rodmill雷蒙机raymondmill锤磨机ha

26、mmermill辊磨机rollermill振动筛vibratingscreen回转筛rotaryscreen风机fan罗茨鼓风机rootsblower起重机crane桥式起重机bridgecrane电动葫芦motorhoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steamturbine五、管道工程1阀门valvepipingengineering阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆insidescrew阀座valveseat(bodyseat)阀座环、密封圈sealingring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等)trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮handwheel手柄handlevel(h

27、andle)压盖gland闸阀gatevalve平行双闸板doublediscparallelseat楔形单闸板splitwedge截止阀globevalve节流阀throttlevalve针阀needlevalve角阀(角式截止阀)anglevalveY型阀(截止阀)Y-valve(Y-bodyglobevalve)球阀ballvalve三通球阀3-wayballvalve蝶阀butterflyvalve对夹式(薄片型)wafertype偏心阀板蝶阀offsetdisc(eccentric)butterflyvalve斜阀盘蝶阀canteddiscbutterflyvalve连杆式蝶阀lin

28、kbutterflyvalve止回式蝶阀combinednon-returnbutterflyvalve柱塞阀pistontypevalve旋塞阀plugvalve三通旋塞阀three-wayplugvalve四通旋塞阀four-wayplugvalve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleevecock隔膜阀diaphragmvalve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubberlineddiaphragmvalve直通式隔膜阀straightwaydiaphragmvalve夹紧式胶管阀pinchvalve止回阀checkvalve升降式止回阀liftcheckvalve旋启式止回阀swingcheckvalve落球式

29、止回阀ballcheckvalve弹簧球式止回阀springballcheckvalve底阀footvalve切断式止回阀stopcheckvalve活塞式止回阀pistoncheckvalve翻板止回阀flapcheckvalve蝶式止回阀butterflycheckvalve安全泄气阀safetySV安全泄放阀reliefvalveRV安全泄压阀safetyreliefvalve杠杆重锤式leverandweighttype罐底排污阀flush-bottomtankvalve波纹管密封阀bellowsealedvalve电磁阀solenoid(operated)valve电动阀electr

30、ically(electric-motor)operatedvalve气动阀pneumaticoperatedvalve低温用阀cryogenicservicevalve蒸汽疏水阀steamtrap机械式疏水阀mechanicaltrap浮桶式疏水阀open(top)buckettrap浮球式疏水阀floattrap倒吊桶式疏水阀invertedbuckettrap自由浮球式疏水阀loosefloattrap恒温式疏水阀thermostatictrap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balancedpressurethermostatictrap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamictrap脉冲式蒸汽疏

31、水阀impulsesteamtrap放汽阀(自动放汽阀)(automatic)airventvalve换向阀diverting(reversing)valve呼吸阀breathervalve减压阀pressurereducingvalve控制阀controlvalve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differentialpressureregulatingvalve切断阀block(shut-off,stop)valve调节阀regulatingvalve快开阀quickopeningvalve快闭阀quickclosingvalve隔断阀isolatingvalve三通阀threeway

32、valve夹套阀jacketedvalve非旋转式阀non-rotaryvalve2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steelpipe铸铁管castironpipe衬里管linedpipe复合管cladpipe碳钢管carbonsteelC.S.pipe合金钢管alloysteelpipe不锈钢管stainlesssteelS.S.pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austeniticstainlesssteelpipe铁合金钢管ferriticalloysteelpipe轧制钢管wrought-steelpipe锻铁管wrought-iron

33、pipe无缝钢管seamlessSMLSsteelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-weldedsteelpipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-weldedsteel-platepipe螺旋焊接钢管spiralweldedsteelpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe排污阀blowdownvalve集液排放阀dripvalve排液阀drainvalve放空阀ventvalve卸载阀unloadingvalve排出阀dischargevalve吸入阀suctionvalve取样阀sam

34、plingvalve手动阀handoperated(manually-operated)valve（水）龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleedvalve旁路阀by-passvalve软管阀hosevalve混合阀mixingvalve破真空阀vacuumbreaker冲洗阀flushvalve根部阀root(primary,header)valve水煤气钢管water-gassteelpipe塑料管plasticpipe玻璃管glasstube橡胶管rubbertube壁厚wallthicknessWT壁厚系列号schedulenumberSCH.NO.加厚的,加强的ex

35、traheavy(strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的doubleextraheavy(strong)弯头elbow异径弯头reducingelbow长半径弯头longradiuselbow短半径弯头shortradiuselbow长半径180弯头longradiusreturn短半径180弯头shortradiusreturn三通tee异径三通reducingtee等径三通straighttee带支座三通basetee45斜三通45lateralY型三通trueY四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentricreducer偏心异径管eccentricreducer管接头co

36、upling;fullcoupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricatedpipebendU型弯管Ubend法兰端flangedend万向接头universaljoint对焊的buttweldedBW螺纹的threadedTHD承插焊的socketweldedSW法兰flangeFLG整体管法兰integralpipeflange钢管法兰steelpipeflange螺纹法兰threadedflange滑套法兰slip-onflange平焊法兰slip-on-weldingflange承插焊法兰socketweldingflange松套法兰lapjointflangeLJF对焊法兰weldneckflangeWNF法兰盖blindflange;blind异径