GPS控制网平差总结报告

1、西南林业大学全球卫星定位系统原理GPS控制网平差实习（2012级）题目静态GPS控制网平差总结报告学院土木工程学院专业测绘工程学号20120456023学生姓名施向文任课教师朱毅西南林业大学土木工程学院测绘工程系2015年07月12日目录TOC o 1-5 h z HYPERLINK l bookmark8 o Current Document 1实习目的1 HYPERLINK l bookmark10 o Current Document 2实习任务1 HYPERLINK l bookmark12 o Current Document 3数据处理依据1 HYPERLINK l bookmar

2、k14 o Current Document 4精度要求1 HYPERLINK l bookmark16 o Current Document 5已有成果数据1 HYPERLINK l bookmark18 o Current Document 6数据处理过程2 HYPERLINK l bookmark20 o Current Document 6.1创建作业及数据导入2 HYPERLINK l bookmark22 o Current Document 6.2基线预处理2621静态基线处理设置2 HYPERLINK l bookmark24 o Current Document 6.2.2处

3、理基线3 HYPERLINK l bookmark26 o Current Document 6.2.3搜索闭合环3 HYPERLINK l bookmark32 o Current Document 6.3设置坐标系3 HYPERLINK l bookmark46 o Current Document 6.4网平差3 HYPERLINK l bookmark48 o Current Document 6.5高程内外符合精度检验4 HYPERLINK l bookmark50 o Current Document 6.5.1内符合精度4 HYPERLINK l bookmark56 o Cur

4、rent Document 6.5.2外符合精度4 HYPERLINK l bookmark60 o Current Document 7数据处理成果4 HYPERLINK l bookmark62 o Current Document 7.1二维平面坐标平差4 HYPERLINK l bookmark72 o Current Document 7.1.1平差参数4 HYPERLINK l bookmark68 o Current Document 7.1.2平面坐标5 HYPERLINK l bookmark70 o Current Document 7.2高程拟合87.2.1平差参数8 H

5、YPERLINK l bookmark82 o Current Document 7.2.2外符合精度8 HYPERLINK l bookmark84 o Current Document 7.2.3内符合精度9 HYPERLINK l bookmark86 o Current Document 8质量简评12 HYPERLINK l bookmark88 o Current Document 9总结12 静态GPS网平差总结报告1实习目的通过对静态GPS控制网的数据处理，从实践中加深对理论知识的理解。通过本次实习还可以熟悉GPS数据处理软件，现在的数据处理基本用软件处理，使用软件也是必备的一

6、个技能。2实习任务本次实习的任务：（1）静态GPS外业数据基线预处理，预处理基线的方差比应尽量调整在99.9，处理后搜索闭合环要基本合格。（2）选择/建立坐标系，建立昆明87坐标系。（3）输入已知点并进行网平差，检测内外符合精度。（4）撰写数据处理总结报告。3数据处理依据依据卫星定位城市测量技术规范CJJ/T732010备案号J99020104精度要求二维平差中误差1cm高程拟合中误差2cm高程内符合中误差3cm高程外符合中误差5cm5已有成果数据（1）静态GPS外业数据成果（RINEX）（2）已知点的三维坐标，坐标成果见下表表1已知控制点坐标JH口点号X(m)Y(m)H(m)TSB67000

7、4.152899913.89431009.044DJYK652213.658898844.481375.791H127655917.673909706.4191108.928IV01670404.9398901947.65861315.4534IV02667931.4052900542.11241005.1517IV03668521.1755899377.70471151.3336IV04666437.0717902176.1222982.3909IV05664666.8748900615.79461066.561IV06665733.8472899464.85111317.1118IV076

8、67009.0735900121.32681097.8123IV08665263.708897821.53951450.8807IV09663985.2496898502.30191482.0786IV10666699.5746897145.76931323.7646数据处理过程数据处理使用中海达HDS2003数据处理软件包61创建作业及数据导入新建项目包括项目基本信息和项目属性。项目属性中要设置技术规范等限制要求，便于数据处理参照。62基线预处理6.2.1静态基线处理设置静态基线设置包括两个内容，一个是数据采样间隔，一个是高度截止角。基线设置可以应用于全部基线，也可以用于选定基线。在数据导入

9、后，先设置一组数值应用于全部基线，待解算完成后再进行单条基线的处理。6.2.2处理基线对所有基线处理后，基线列表里的解类型要为整数解，对不是整数解的基线要进行二次修改基线处理设置，对数据质量不高的基线，还可以在属性区里的数据观测图中进行修改，原则上方差比越接近99.9越好，所以修改单条基线时要把方差比朝着99.9去调整。本次实习方差比没有调整到99.9的基线有48条。6.2.3搜索闭合环调整好基线就要搜索闭合环了，一般情况下都会出现不合格的基线，本次实习第一次搜索出了不合格闭合环54条，去除不合格不合环的方法有两种，一是找到组成环的基线，对基线再次进行修改，二是禁用基线。这里采用禁用基线的方法

10、，基线总共禁用了50条，最后不合格闭合环有2条，分别是：同步环(795):EX(当前限制0.0049m)刀X=-0.0077同步环(1290):EY(当前限制0.0074m)刀X=0.01016.3设置坐标系在坐标系统里新建坐标系(昆明87坐标)，坐标设置参数见下：坐标系名称:中国-昆明87坐标80椭球长半轴a：6378245.000000椭球扁率f：1/298.300000投影名称:高斯投影尺度:1.000000投影高:1850.000000X加常数:0.000000Y加常数:500000.000000平均纬度:025:00:00.000000N中央子午线:102:33:00.000000E

11、6.4网平差(1)平差参数设置平差设置：三维平差、二维平差、高程拟合自由平差：协方差比例系数1二维平差：平移、旋转、缩放高程拟合：曲面拟合（2）输入已知点把全部已知点输入。在管理区选择站点列表，在属性区选修改，在属性区内输入已知点坐标。（3）进行网平差。网平差结束后到处平差报告，将格式存为word文档。65高程内外符合精度检验6.5.1内符合精度在已知的11个点中，选择均匀分布在测区周围的6个点作为已知点，其余5个假定为未知点，用这6个点解算出其余5个点的拟合高程，用解算出的高程与已知高程进行求差，得到一组dH。利用dH计算模型内符合中误差，模型内符合中误差m应按下式计算：HIldHdHmH=

12、n-1式中：m高程异常模型内符合中误差（cm）；HdH拟合点水准高程与模型计算高程的差值（cm）；n参与拟合的点数。6.5.2外符合精度外符合精度检测的是检测点水准高程与GNSS测量高程之间的误差，这里在第一步的平差报告里就有成果了。外符合高程中误差mh应按下式计算：“ildHdHMH=N式中：MH外符合高程中误差（cm）；dH检测点水准高程与GNSS测量高程的差值（cm）；N检测点数。7数据处理成果7.1二维平面坐标平差711平差参数迭代次数：3网的参考因子：9.8428370460.5442米x向平移：-2199547.7247米y向平移:比例：-67.3661ppm旋转：-459.823

13、3秒7.1.2平面坐标表2二维平差数据序号点名NE中误差误差椭圆中误差(m)中误差(m)(m)E(m)F(m)ET(D:M:S)1-TSB670004.1520899913.89432D161667505.9381901364.05300.00190.00150.00128718460.00120.00153I01669588.9894901359.59460.00350.00290.001812751230.00230.00264I02670269.8424900601.07210.00380.00340.001612415120.00230.00305I03668309.923490023

14、6.91760.00160.00130.00099207220.00090.00136I04668923.0908900392.86650.00160.00120.00099049310.00090.00127I05667910.5526899062.84360.00230.00180.00147348400.00140.00178I06668959.0873899340.84870.00170.00140.00109758450.00100.00149I07666758.8471901026.04480.00410.00350.002210350370.00230.0035续表序号点名NE中

15、误差(m)误差椭圆中误差(m)中误差(m)E(m)F(m)ET(D:M:S)10I08664890.1156898349.74230.00210.00180.001010700460.00110.001711I09667931.7423899843.72260.00160.00130.00099222060.00090.001312I10664955.9235897429.74730.00460.00410.002211339360.00260.003813I11664978.1887900033.28720.00180.00150.000910853050.00100.001514I1266

16、5544.6047900292.42440.00320.00270.001710746170.00180.002615I13667338.0268900074.19610.00170.00140.00118721450.00110.001416I14665102.0778899563.07710.00210.00180.001010730270.00110.001817I15664590.2884897840.56200.00210.00180.001010815020.00110.001718I17666251.5188900894.14710.00310.00260.00161024516

17、0.00170.002619I18665661.2642901539.45320.00280.00240.001510752400.00160.002320I19665729.9675898377.61710.00230.00200.001210741040.00130.0019序号点名NE中误差(m)误差椭圆中误差(m)中误差(m)E(m)F(m)ET(D:M:S)21I20666593.7384897782.28260.00430.00370.00229257580.00220.0037221101669066.6785900836.67190.00380.00350.0016129154

18、10.00250.002923W01670404.9398901947.658624W02667931.4052900542.112425W03668521.1755899377.704726W04666437.0717902176.122227W05664666.8748900615.794628W06665733.8472899464.851129W07667009.0735900121.326830W08665263.7080897821.539531W09663985.2496898502.301932W10666699.5746897145.7693表3最弱点平面中误差序号占八、名N

19、E中误差(m)误差椭圆中误差(m)中误差(m)E(m)F(m)ET(D:M:S)12I10664955.9235897429.74730.00460.00410.002211339360.00260.00387.2高程拟合7.2.1平差参数迭代次数：2网的参考因子：7.3736参考点：-TSBH=H0+A+B*x+C*y+D*x*x+E*x*y+F*y*yA=-951.672,B=8.92E-006,C=8.73E-005D=1.3272E-009,E=-5.42171E-010,F=9.25803E-0107.2.2外符合精度表4拟合高程点名正高(m)中误差(m)-TSB1009.0440已

20、知点D161983.23540.0046I011160.72360.0093I021050.32610.0107I031038.57470.0035I041030.33690.0039I051114.90250.0040I061182.72770.0044I071103.40900.0061I081455.64940.0038续表点名正高(m)中误差(m)I091102.58330.0035I101505.55770.0085I111083.12140.0037I121225.57900.0048I131064.40290.0036I141135.98350.0036I151470.36900

21、.0047I171204.67410.0049I181014.67840.0055I191361.96400.0037I201360.85310.00641101986.28190.0097IV011315.4534已知点IV021005.1517已知点IV031151.3336已知点IV04982.3909已知点IV051066.5610已知点IV061317.1118已知点IV071097.8123已知点IV081450.8807已知点IV091482.0786已知点IV101323.7640已知点7.2.3内符合精度表5内符合精度检核成果表(见下页)第一次检核JH口点号止咼（m）中误差（

22、m）已知高程（m）dH(cm)m(cm)H-TSB1009.044已知1009.04400.667133170IV011315.43530.00561315.4534-1.81IV021005.1517已知1005.15170IV031151.33590.00171151.33360.23IV04982.3909已知982.39090IV051066.58350.00211066.5612.25IV061317.1118已知1317.11180IV071097.81330.00191097.81230.1V081450.86560.00181450.8807-1.51IV091482.0786

23、已知1482.07860V101323.764已知1323.7640第二次检核JH口点号止咼（m）中误差（m）已知高程（m）dH(cm)m(cm)H-TSB1009.044已知1009.04400.586696259V011315.4534已知1315.45340V021005.1517已知1005.15170V031151.3336已知1151.33360V04982.38550.0021982.3909-0.54IV051066.561已知1066.5610IV061317.10110.00161317.1118-1.07IV071097.80840.00191097.8123-0.39V

24、081450.86050.00181450.8807-2.02IV091482.06250.00191482.0786-1.61V101323.764已知1323.7640第三次检核JH口点号止咼（m）中误差（m）已知高程（m）dH(cm)m(cm)H-TSB1009.044已知1009.0440IV011315.4534已知1315.45340IV021005.1517已知1005.15170IV031151.25870.00171151.3336-7.49IV04982.41110.0021982.39092.02IV051066.53930.00211066.561-2.171.9682

25、46893IV061317.1118已知1317.11180IV071097.8123已知1097.81230V081450.84190.00181450.8807-3.88IV091482.0786已知1482.07860V101323.72790.00221323.764-3.61第四次检核JH口点号止咼（m）中误差（m）已知高程（m）dH(cm)m(cm)H-TSB1009.044已知1009.0440V011315.4534已知1315.45340V021005.15350.00171005.15170.18V031151.33370.00171151.33360.01V04982.3909已知982.39090IV051