2019年北京外国语大学博士生英语入学考试试题

1、北京外国语大学博士生英语入学考试试题Part I Structure and Written Expression (40%)Section ADirections: In this section, there are 15 incomplete sentences. Under each sentence, you will see four words or phrases, marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that completes the sentence correctly. Then on your ans

2、wer sheet, find the number of the question and mark your choice on the corresponding letter.Experiments in the photography of moving objects in both the United States and Europe wellbefore 1900.A. have been conducingB. was conductedC. had been conductedD. being conductedAll the many different parts

3、of the body, large and small,to perform the processes essential to life.A. they combine B. which combine C. combining D. combinethe earth s mass twice as great as it is, it would attract an object twice as it does.A. Were- as strongly B. If as stronglyC. Had been as strong D. If as strongSlavery was

4、 unknown in English common law, and black laborers at first occupied a legal status similar.A. to those of white servantsB. as the white servantC. with that of white servantsD. to that of white servantsthe sun is not shining?A. What do B. What if C. What about D. what is the result thatToday, formal

5、 education primarily memorizing data.A. consists B. consists in C. in comprised by D. composesTo keep from at jobs he had no interest, he went to live for two years in the woods.A. being workedin thatB. working - whichC. having to workin whichD. having been worked - thatIt is doubt that his conclusi

6、on is correct.A. aboveB. out ofC. noD. beyondyour timely advice, I might not have succeeded.A. Thanks toB. WithC. ForD. But forYou will have some nice lecture. The names of the lectures are.A. as follows B. such as following C. as following D. as followsIt is foolish to make such a blunder.A. of him

7、B. to himC. for him D. on himContinuing deterioration of the earth s ozone shield would expose human beings to increased ultraviolet radiation,of many serious skin cancers.A. is the cause B. has been the cause C. the cause D. that is the causeyour hand in front of your face, and you can feel the air

8、 moving.A. To waveB. If waveC. WavingD. WaveDespite the pill my doctor prescribed, I still have trouble.A. to sleepB. for sleeping C. sleeping D. to sleepingThe volume of the sun is about 1,300,000 times.A. the earth B. as that of the earth C. that of the earth D. one of the earthSection BDirections

9、: Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect from the four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Mark your answer on the answer sheet. TOC o 1-5 h z One of the most famous of ancient times Socrates was, whose teachings are ABCDreflected in Plato s writings.When a spider catches an insect,

10、it releases some poison into an insect with its AB Cfangs, but the poison of most spiders is harmless to man.D 18. It is generally known that the natural habitat of theseJypes of monkeys are the ABCDcentral and eastern forest of Africa.Bats are able to guide them by producing sound waves too high fo

11、r us to hear. ABCDGovernment authorities said tonight that as many as 10,000 people were now ABbelieved missing and feared to die after a cyclone devastated the area over the CDweekend.Nowhere we have seen the results more clearly_than in Europe, which really have ABCsurprised us all.D 22. Yesterday

12、 afternoon, walking along the road, a small flower pot fell from the AB Cbalcony of a house, and knocked him unconscious.D 23. Kenneth had his heart set on owing one of the new sports cars_but he finally AB Csucceededjn buying one. DMr. Smith is well known as a poet, and he is only three years senio

13、r than I. A BC DTo such an extent_did his health deteriorate_that he forced ABC DA turtle differs from all other reptiles that it has its body encased in a protective ABCDshell of its own.The process of graduate education and the process of basic research reinforce each A B other in a great variety

14、of ways, and each is weakened when carrying on without CDthe other. TOC o 1-5 h z The point here is, to understand what you are reading, you must think about what AByou are reading, you must make sense the message conveyed by the words.CDWe intend to move that our committee appoints Prof. Bacon as c

15、hairman, and we ABhope that you will second our motion. CDAlthough Mary was not invited to the wedding, she would very much have liked ABCto have gone.DIn a days work a police office often deals with a wide panorama of problems ABfrom the pursuing of suspecting criminals to the rescuing of a trapped

16、 kitten. CDIf you were awarded a prize of ten thousand dollars, what would you do with it if AByou had to spend in a day.C DHe wanted more out of life, not just working at high-paid jobs or spending nights AB Con the street playing games and asked for a better one. DIt is encouraging to note that in

17、 recent years, cigarette smokers have been in the A BCdecline, especially among older people.DBeethoven, the great musician_wrole nine symphonies in his life, most of them Awere written after he had 10st his hearing. TOC o 1-5 h z BC DThe new hotel has erected a beautiful building with recreation ar

18、eas and ABconference facilities on the top floor in which the finest view of the city can be CDobtained.Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the TOC o 1-5 h z ABinsect that js not fully understood. CDOn the whole, ambitious students are much likely to succeed

19、in their studies than ABare those with little ambition. C DHe got up, walked across the room, and with a sharp quick movement flung the ABCdoor widely open. DThe parcel you post must be well packed. Inadequate packing can mean delay ABdamage or loss at your own expenses. CDPart n Vocabulary and Read

20、ing Comprehension (60%)Section ADirections: In questions 1-30 each sentence has a word or phrase underlined. Below each sentence are four other words or phrase, marked A, B, C and D. You are to choose the one word or phrase that best keeps the meaningof the original sentence if it is substituted for

21、 the underlined word or phrase. Then, on your answer sheet find the number of the question and blacken the space that corresponds to the letter you have chosen so that the letter inside the oval cannot be seen.1. Punctuality is imperative in your new job. A. Being efficient B. Being courteous C. Bei

22、ng on time D. Being cheerful 2. Egyptian authorities are trying to prevent their historical monuments from succumbing to the ravages of time. A. standing by B. counting on C. yielding to D. holding upThe few Americans at the party seemed just as inhibited as the rest of the guests. A. restrained B.

23、tedious C. comfortable D. delightedFrom an airplane, the grasslands of the western prairie appear almost as uniform as a placid sea.A. fakeB. seedy C. hilly D. calmBy the time that dispute was resolved, relations between Severo and management had been poisoned. A. disdained B. retained C. tainted D.

24、 stainedNo remnants of the settlement of Roanoke, Virginia, were found by the next group of colonists. A. traces B. survivors C. buildings D. implementsThe climate in the great plains is arid. A. hot and dry B. hot and wet C. cold and wet D. cold and dry 8. Mr. Del Rio was asked to condense his repo

25、rt in order to allow his audience some time to ask question. A. abbreviate B. expand C. continue D. delayCan this be a duplicate of the document? A. a summary B. a revision C. an outline D. a copySometimes a psychological problem will trigger a physical reaction.A. release B. initiate C. perform D.

26、settleHe is infamous for his dishonesty in business matters.A. notorious B. dreaded C. loathed D. investigatedToddlers sometimes require special attention.A. Elderly people B. Babies C. Pets D. HouseplantsThe soldier rashly agreed to lead the dangerous expedition.A. resignedly B. heroically C. reckl

27、essly D. reluctantlyThe old widow must have liked the young soldier, for when she died she left him most of her fortune.A. taken after B. taken up C. taken to D. taken onThe hotel was a four-story building away from the university where most competitors were accommodated.A. put up B. put down C. put

28、 in D. put overThe manic-depressive usually fluctuates between great excitement and deep depression.A. recovers B. falls C. improves D. alternatesThe first major outburst of musical creativity in the United States occurred at the end of the nineteenth century.A. surge B. round C. outcome D. performa

29、nceLittle Rock is the hub of the federal interstate highways that cross Arkansas.A. highpoints B. summit C. pathD. centerThe world is on the threshold of a new century.A. realizing the importance of B. at the beginning ofC. expectingD. establishing goal forThough I am good at my job, it sure grinds

30、me down sometimes.A. oppresses me B. disappoints me C. bores me D. troubles meThe president s compassion for the neighboring refugees caused him to admit a very large number of them into his country.A. friendship B. pity C. respect D. hostilityThe gunfire was sporadic.A. intermittent B. frequent C.

31、continuous D. distantThe Ford Foundation is one of the worlds wealthiest philanthropic organizations.A. profligate B. governmental C. humanitarian D. multinationalThe criminal insinuated that he had been roughly treated by the arresting officers.A. suggested indirectlyB. denied positivelyC. argued c

32、onvincinglyD. stated flatlyMinoan kings had such strong navies that they were able to build unfortified palaces.A. unprotected B. undeveloped C. unequaled D. unidentifiedRealizing that many readers find long descriptive passages uninteresting, Bruce began his story with an exciting conflict.A. melan

33、choly B. tedious C. incredible D. offensiveIn the Navajo household, grandparents and other relatives play indispensable roles in raising children.A. dominant B. exemplary C. essential D. demandingFor several years the lives of the two old ladies continued to revolve in intimate enmity around each ot

34、her.A. companionship B. hospitality C. amiability D. hostilityThe weather forecast was only for the metropolitan area, not for the outlying farm communities.A. residential B. geographical C. city D. industrialAutomation has done away with much of the drudgery of work. A. uniqueness B. dirtiness C. u

35、npleasantness D. slownessSection BDirections: The rest of this section is based on a variety of reading material followed by questions about the meaning of the material. For questions 31-60, you are to choose the one best answer A, B, C or D to each question. Then , on your answer sheet, find the nu

36、mber of the question and blacken the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.Questions 31-33The library of Congress in Washington, D.C., which houses the largest collection of books in the world, is fighting a battle against paper deterioration. The pages of old books, oft

37、en yellowed and torn, sometimes crumble when they are touched. The main culprit in the battle is the acidic paper that has been used for making books since the nineteenth century.Air pollution and moisture have added to the problem. Strangely, the books that are most in danger of destruction are not

38、 the oldest books. The paper in books produced before the last century was made from cotton and linen rags, which are naturally low in acid. And the Gutenberg Bible, printed five centuries ago, was made of thin calfskin, and is in remarkably good shape. But in the nineteenth century, with widespread

39、 literary bringing a demand for a cheaper and more plentiful supply of paper, the industry began using chemically treated wood pulp for making paper. It is the chemical in this paper that is causing today s problem.This problem of paper deterioration is one of global concern. France, Canada, and has

40、 been developed recently, in fact, that allows for mass deacidification of thousands of books at the same time. It costs less than microfilming and still preserves books in their original form. It is hoped there will soon be treatment facilities all over the world to preserve and deacidify library b

41、ook collections.According to this passage, libraries are trying to stopA. the tearing of booksB. the yellowing of pagesC. the problem of air pollution D. the deterioration of paper 32. We can assume from this passage thatcotton and linen rags are not good for making papercalfskin is low in acidwood

42、pulp is expensivemicrofilming is an inexpensive way to preserve old books 33. Some countries in the world areusing calfskin for book productionproducing books from cotton and linen ragsdoing research into methods of mass preservationbuilding treatment facilitiesQuestion 34-36Lew Archer, the detectiv

43、e hero created by Ross MacDonald in The Moving Target (1949), is more literary in his tastes than Mike Hammer, and so more apt to muse on fate and the past than to create a political philosophy out of the individualist fantasies of the present. In part, archer owes his special sensitivity to the fac

44、t that his creator placed him in the hastily thrown up world of California and the West Coast rather than in the grimy eastern cities of Spillane and Hammer. Attuned to history as much as to action, Archer is more fascinated by the past patterns of relationships that erupt into the present than by t

45、he immediacies of violence and personal confrontation. Like other American naturalists, both Archer and Hammer pride themselves on their ability to know all the parts of town and country. But MacDonald explores what Spillane essentially disregards: The intricacies of family and the gradation of soci

46、al class. Thus Spillane s hero seems to spring from Hammett and Hemingway, while MacDonald s Archer owes his lineage to Chandler and Faulkner.What is the authors main purpose in the passage?to explain the plot of The Moving TargetTo show the importance of setting in the detective novelTo prove that

47、Archer and Hammer are literary heroesTo compare two characters in detective fictionWhich of the following is LEAST likely to be characteristic of an Archer story?A. A violent argumentB. A California settingC. A concern with social classD. A study of family relationshipWhich of the following best des

48、cribes MacDonalds relationship to Chandler and Faulkner?MacDonald portrayed the lives of Chandler and Faulkner in one of his novels.MacDonald followed in the tradition of Chandler and Faulkner.MacDonald influenced the work of Chandler and Faulkner.MacDonald disregarded the intricacies of Chandler an

49、d Faulkner. Question 37-40Time, we are told, is relative. We know from our experience that his is so. One summer in childhood stretched for cons, yet a year in the life of a busy adult gives him hardly time to exchange one year s calendar for the next.Change is relative also, though it is always occ

50、urring and, indeed, is a law of the expanding universe of which our earth is a part. But the leisurely progress of marns first fifteen million years was so slow that tie seemed to him to stand still. Changes could be measured in millennia- no man s memory encompassed the span between the first use o

51、f a sharp stone as a weapon to the shaped pointed spear to extend his fighting arm.But today change is accelerated. Not infrequently technology compounds its achievements faster than we can assimilate them, and often much faster than we can assimilate them, and often much faster than the socio-econo

52、mic and other elements of contemporary society are generalized anima varies greatly within the species homo sapiens and what is envisioned as progress by the specialized brains of some will be tolerable to others only with the passage of time. Nevertheless, acceleration of change is now our fate, an

53、d it is in our power to make it a controlled acceleration. The time span of change relative to human life is the critical factor. Once it was: Length of life=Given way of life. Now it has become: Length of life=Given way of life+ change in technological factors +change in economic and social factors

54、. The individual who does not have to meet this new equation is rare. The industry or profession or nation that is unaffected by it is a living fossil.In the first two paragraph, the authorsays that time seems to go faster for childrencompares change to timesays that adults must be careful to change

55、 calendars each year 38. According to paragraph three, technological achievements A. easily replace old ways of doing things B. are seen as progress byomo sapiens C. are often slow to be acceptedare intolerable to the specialized braing of some 39. What does the writer say is a critical factor for m

56、an? A. Acceleration of changeControl of acceleration of changeToleration of technological advancesTime span of change relative to human lifeThe time span of change relative to human life A. is not as important today as it used to be B. is a much longer and more complex equation today than it used to

57、 be C. does not have to be met by most people D. does not affect industriesQuestions 41-46Impressionism in painting developed in the late nineteenth century in France. It began with a loosely structured group of painters who got together mainly to exhibit their paintings. Their art was characterized

58、 by the attempt to depict light and movement by using pure broken color. The movement began with four friends who met in a cafe: Monet, Renoir, Sisley, and Bazille. They were reacting against the academic standards of their time an dthe romantic emphasis on emotion as a subject matter. They rejected

59、 the rolr of imagination in art. Instead, they observed nature closely, painting with a scientific interest in visual phenomena. Their subject matter was as diverse as their personalities. Monet and Sislery painted landscapes with changing effects of light, and Renoir painted idealized women and chi

60、ldren. The works of impressionists were received with hostility until the 1920s. By the 1930s impressionism had a large cult following, and by the 1950s even the least important works by people associated with the movement commanded enormous prices.Impressionism began with a small group of artists w