《医学英语词汇》知识分享

1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。医学英语词汇-优秀医学生必须掌握的医学英语基本词汇aminoacid氨基酸adrenergicreceptor肾上腺素(能)受体abdominalreflex腹壁反射abdominalregions腹部分区abdominalpressure腹压abdominalpulse腹主动脉搏动abortion流产，坠胎Abramsheartreflex艾布拉姆斯氏心反射，又称利维拉托（Livierato)反射。刺激心前区皮肤引起心肌收缩，伴心浊音界缩小。透视可见到心界缩小。absolutetemperature绝

2、对温度absorption吸收acarid螨accessoryplacenta副胎盘accommodationofeye眼调节acinarcarcinoma腺泡癌acneconglobata聚会性痤疮亦作conglobateacneacrodermatitischronicaatrophicans慢性萎缩性肢(端)皮炎activetransport主动转运acupuncture针灸，针刺疗法acutehemorrhagicpancreatitis急性出血性胰腺炎adaptation适应adaptiveenzyme适应酶(inducibleenzyme，inducedenzyme诱导酶)addu

3、ctor内收肌adenosarcoma腺肉瘤adnexitis(子宫)附件炎（=annexitis）adrenalcortex肾上腺皮质adrenogenitalsyndrome肾上腺性征异常征，肾上腺综合征，肾上腺生殖系综合征，伊森科-柯兴综合征aerosol气雾剂，喷雾剂afferentloopsyndrome输入袢综合征agonist激动剂，兴奋剂AIDS艾滋病（AcquiredImmureDeficiencySyndrome获得性免疫缺乏综合症）albinism白化病，白化症allantois胚尿囊，尿膜allele等位基因allergy过敏(症)，变态反应alopeciaareata

4、斑秃，斑形脱发，局限性脱发alveolarductemphysema肺泡管性气肿alveolarventilation肺泡通气，alveolarventilation-perfusionimbalance肺泡通气与血流比例失调Alzheimersdisease阿尔茨海默病，老年痴呆症，阿兹海默症amauroticcatseye黑蒙性猫眼amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术ampullaryaneurysm壶腹状动脉瘤,囊状动脉瘤anaphase(细胞分裂)后期anastomosis吻合(术)anesthesia麻醉(anaesthesia)aneurysm动脉瘤（aneurism）angina

5、pectoris心绞痛angiogram血管造影片angiosarcoma血管肉瘤Anglesclassificationofmalocclusion安格氏矫正分类法（malocclusion错位咬合，咬合不正）anneal退火(核酸经退火后能与互补的核酸结合)anomalousuterus异常子宫anoxia缺氧(症)anteflexion(尤指子宫)前屈antegradeurography顺行尿路造影(术)anthracosilicosis煤矽肺，炭末石末沉着病亦作anthrasilicosisantibiotic抗生素antidepressant抗抑郁剂(药)antigen抗原antio

6、ncogene抗癌基因aorticstenosis主动脉瓣狭窄aperturediaphragm光圈apexofheart心尖(部位)Apgarscore阿普加(新生儿)评分appendix阑尾arborvirus虫媒病毒蚊虫等节肢动物传染的病毒(脑炎、黄热病、登革热的病原体)archesofthefoot足弓arcusaortae主动脉弓areola乳(房)晕,色晕arterialarchofcolon结肠动脉弓arteriography动脉造影术，动脉X线摄影，动脉搏描记法arteriovenousoxygendifference动静脉氧差arthroplasty关节成形术，关节造形术ar

7、throsis关节，关节病artificialpacemaker人工(心脏)起搏器Ascarislumbricoides蛔虫ascendingcervicalartery升颌动脉aspergilloma曲霉菌球Aspergillusfumigatus烟曲霉(菌)assistedreproductivetechnologyART，辅助生殖技术，人工生殖技术astigmatism散光(亦作astigmia)；像散性，像散现象astrocyte（脑和脊髓的)星形胶质细胞，星形细胞atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化；动脉硬化复数atherosclerosesatrialseptaldefect

8、(心)房中隔缺损atrialflutter心房扑动atrialfibrillation心房纤颤，房颤，心房纤维性颤动atrioventricularvalve房室瓣atrophicgastritis萎缩性胃炎audiogram听力图，听力敏度图，听阈曲线auditorypathway听觉传导通路auscultation听诊(法)autoantibody自身抗体autonomicnervoussystem自主神经系统，植物性神经系统autoplasticgraft(=autograft)自体移植物，自体组织移接，自体嫁接axonreflex轴突反射azotemia氮质血症baby婴儿backgr

9、oundradiation本底辐射，背景辐射bacteriophage噬菌体bacterium细菌，杆菌属复数bacteriaBakerscyst贝克氏囊肿(膝部囊肿，腘窝囊肿)barbiturate巴比妥类药物(用作中枢神经系统抑制或安眠的药)，巴比妥酸盐BarrettssyndromeBarrettssyndromeisaconditioninwhichtheesophagus,themusculartubethatcarriesfoodandsalivafromthemouthtothestomach,formsnewtypesofcellsonitssurfacethataresimi

10、lartothosenormallyfoundintheintestine.basepair碱基对basilarlamina基底，颅底，头盖骨底部basilarvertebra基椎，末腰椎basophilia嗜碱性，嗜碱细胞增多bilaminarblastoderm二层胚盘bile胆汁BillrothsoperationIBillrothsoperationIisanoperationinwhichthepylorusisremovedandthedistalstomachisanastomoseddirectlytotheduodenum.Theoperationismostcloselya

11、ssociatedwithTheodorBillroth,butwasfirstdescribedbyPolishsurgeonLudwikRydigier.birthcanal产道bisalbuminemia双白蛋白血症，副白蛋白血症，是一种较少见的常染色体不完全显性遗传性病，表现为白蛋白呈异常双峰现象(两峰高度大致相等，一峰为正常白蛋白，另一峰为变异白蛋白)bivalvespeculum双瓣窥器blastoderm胚盘，胚层blockvertebrae阻滞椎，块状椎blood-brainbarrier血脑屏障bloodpressure血压bloodplasma血浆blow-outfract

12、ure爆裂性骨折(尤指眶底)Bowditchslaw鲍迪奇氏定律(心肌刺激定律，神经不疲劳性)BrachtmaneuverBracht手法，amethodofextractionoftheaftercominghead(后出胎头)inbreechpresentation(臀先露).breathing呼吸bronchialasthma支气管哮喘bronchiolarcarcinoma(细)支气管癌bronchiolitis(毛)细支气管炎bronchiole-alveolarcarcinoma细支气管-肺泡癌(起源于细支气管基底细胞或型肺泡细胞的恶性肿瘤)bronchogram支气管造影片Bry

13、antstriangle布莱恩特氏三角,髂股三角burn烧伤bypass旁路，支路calcanealtuber跟结节calyx盏，杯状结构capillary毛细管capture-recapturemethod【统计学】捕获-再捕获法，标记再捕法，捕捉重捕方法carbondioxidecycle二氧化碳循环carcinoma癌(在医学上专指由上皮组织来源的恶性肿瘤)carcinomainsitu原位癌cardiacarrest心搏停止，心脏停止跳动cardiaccycle心动周期(从收缩经松弛再到下次收缩之全部过程)cardiomyopathy（尤指原发性的）心肌症cardiovasculars

14、ystem心血管系统caries单数复数同龋齿，骨溃疡cavitaslaryngis喉腔CD4/CD8countCD4/CD8计数cell细胞，电池celldetermination细胞决定cellmembrane细胞膜cellmarker细胞标记物centroblast生发中心母细胞cephalicpresentation头先露cerebellarcortex小脑皮质，小脑皮层cerebellum小脑cerebralhemorrhage(大)脑出血cerebralcortex大脑皮层，小脑皮质cerebrospinalfluid脑脊液chamber（身体或器官内的）室chemorecepto

15、r化学感受器（=chemoceptor）cholangiography胆管造影术cholecystitis胆囊炎cholelithiasis胆石症，胆结石chondrosarcoma软骨肉瘤chromosomeaberration染色体畸变chromosome染色体chronicbronchitis慢性支气管炎cilia纤毛，单数ciliumciliatedepithelium纤毛上皮circadian生理节奏的，昼夜节律的，24小时作用(或循环)的(指与地球24小时运转联系的新陈代谢、内分泌作用及睡眠等节奏有关的；此种节奏在高速宇宙航行中仍可能维持)circularanastomosis环形

16、吻合术circulus圈；环复数circulicirrhosis硬化，肝硬化cisternalpuncture小脑延髓池穿刺cleavage卵裂，分裂clinicalepidemiology临床流行病学clinicaltrial临床试验(对一种新疗法的科学评估)cloning克隆，无性繁殖closedchestmassage胸外心脏按摩Clostridiumperfringens产气荚膜梭菌，产气荚膜杆菌，产气荚膜梭状芽孢杆菌，是一种革兰氏阳性梭状杆菌，能产生芽孢，并能形成特殊荚膜的专性厌氧菌cloverleafskull头颅畸形coagulopathy凝血障碍coarctateretina紧

17、压性视网膜cochlearduct耳蜗管，蜗管中道cochlearimplant人工耳(蜗)；耳蜗植入，耳蜗移植Cockaynessyndrome科凯恩综合征(特征为早老，视网膜退化，听力受损，皮肤光过敏)coenzymeA辅酶ACoAcolon结肠colony菌落，集落color颜色，脸色colposcopy阴道镜comedo粉刺，面疱复数comedos或comedonesComptoneffect康普顿效应（=Compton-Debyeeffect）computedtomography计算机断层扫描（CT）conduction传导conductivedeafness传导性失聪，传导性耳聋c

18、onduplicatocorpore胎体层迭cone视锥(细胞)conization锥形切除术conjoinedtwins联胎，联体双胎，连体婴（=Siamesetwins）conjugate结合constipation便秘consumptioncoagulopathy消耗性凝血病contactlens(装在眼睑内的)隐形眼镜，接触透镜contactdermatitis接触性皮炎contraction收缩Coombstest抗人球蛋白试验，Coombs试验，库姆试验coronaryartery冠状动脉coronarybypass冠状动脉旁路手术，冠状动脉搭桥术costoclavicularsy

19、ndrome肋骨锁骨综合征，肋锁综合征(在锁骨与第一肋骨之间的间隙较小，在解剖上是一个弱点，其中通过到上肢的神经血管束。如果锁骨或者第一肋骨在形态上有所改变就会使锁肋间隙进一步变小，而压迫其间的神经血管束而产生的症状群)coxa髋关节，髋骨(=innominatebone)，基节crackcocaine(强效纯)可卡因,快克古柯碱cubitus前臂，尺骨cumulativetraumadisorder累积性创伤疾病，积劳成疾Cushingssyndrome柯兴综合征，Cushing综合征cycloduction眼球旋转cystinosis胱氨酸病cystocele膀胱突出（症）cystoure

20、thrography膀胱尿道造影术cytochrome细胞色素cytogenetics细胞遗传学cytokinenetwork细胞因子网络cytomegalovirus巨细胞病毒(CMV)cytotoxicity细胞毒性()dacryocystitis泪囊炎deafness聋，听力不佳declination偏差，(从标准)偏离decubitusulcer压疮，褥疮，褥疮性溃疡defibrillation(尤指用电休克)除颤dendrite树突dentalimplant牙移植，牙科植体dentition齿列，牙列Denverclassification丹佛分类法depression抑郁症，沮丧d

21、epthdose深部剂量，深度剂量derepression解阻遏对基因实行去阻遏，消除阻遏状态(以激活基因)dermatitisherpetiformis疱疹样皮炎dermatitis皮炎，皮肤炎dermatofibrosarcomaprotuberans隆突型皮肤纤维肉瘤DesaultsbandageDesault绑带1766年，德索尔特(DesaultP)始用骨折绷带diabetesmellitus糖尿病diabetes糖尿病亦作diabetesmellitus，多尿症尿崩症，diabetesinsipidusdiabeticneuropathy糖尿病神经病变diabeticretinop

22、athy糖尿病视网膜病变DiagnosticandStatisticalManual诊断与统计手册diaphragm(横)隔膜，光圈diastolicpressure舒张压digitalsubtractionangiography数字减影血管造影术DSAdilation扩张(术)disaccharide双糖，二糖discusintervertebralis椎间盘diverticulitis憩室炎diverticulosis憩室病复数diverticulosesdorsalthalamus背侧丘脑DNAfingerprintingDNA指纹图谱，DNA指纹分析Dopplercolorflow多普

23、勒彩色血流Dopplerultrasonography多普勒超声dose-responsecurve量效曲线，剂量-反应曲线double(gel)diffusionprecipitintest双向(凝胶)扩散沉淀试验Downssyndrome唐氏综合征，先天愚型，伸舌样痴呆，21-三体综合征，Down氏综合征drugabuse药物滥用，毒品滥用drugresistance抗药性，耐药性ductusepididymidis副睪管duodenum十二指肠复数duodena或duodenumsduplextransmission双向传输dyshidrosis出汗障碍又称出汗不良，为手足部的一种水疱性

24、疾患，其特点为掌跖发生对称性多数水痘，伴有局部多汗及灼热、瘙痒感，夏日多见，易于复发Ebsteinsanomaly三尖瓣下移畸形（三尖瓣环向心室侧移位累及三尖瓣和右心室的一种少见复杂先天性心脏病，1866年WilhelmEbstein首次报道）eczemaherpeticum疱疹样湿疹egg卵子elbow肘部，肘electrocardiogram心电图，ECGelectroencephalogram脑电图，EEGelectroencephalography脑电描记法；脑电图学electronmicroscope电子显微镜electronystagmography眼震电图描记法，眼震电流描记法e

25、lectropherogram电泳(谱)图electrophoresis电泳(技术)复数electrophoreseselectroretinography视网膜电流描记法，视网膜电图elephantiasis象皮病，象皮肿embolism栓塞embryo胚胎emphysema气肿；肺气肿endangiitis血管内膜炎亦作endangitis,endangeitisendocarditis心内膜炎endochondralossification软骨内骨化，软骨内成骨endogenousdepression内源性抑郁症，内因性忧郁症endometrium子宫内膜endoscope内窥镜endo

26、trachealtube气管内导管，气管插管energy能量，精力Entamoebahistolytica溶组织内阿米巴，痢疾阿米巴，痢疾变形虫Enterobius蛲虫属enzyme酶epidemiology流行病学，传染病学episcleritis表层巩膜炎，巩膜外层炎erysipelas丹毒erythrocyte红细胞erythropoiesis红细胞生成，红细胞造血esophagealatresia食管闭锁esophagus食管，食道esotropia内斜视，内斜眼essentialthrombocytopenia特发性血小板减少症externalfixation外固定extracell

27、ularfluid细胞外液extraduralhemorrhage硬脑膜外出血，硬膜外出血extraocularmuscles眼外肌亦作extrinsiceyemuscleextrapyramidalmotorsystem锥体束外运动系统extrasystole期外收缩，早搏，过早收缩亦作prematurebeat,prematurecontractionaprematuresystoleresultinginamomentarycardiacarrhythmiafacialnerve面神经Fahrsdisease特发性家族性脑血管亚铁钙沉着症,家族性基底节钙化、法氏病fat脂肪fatembo

28、lism脂肪栓塞ferning蕨fetalcirculation胎循环，胎儿血液循环fetus胎（儿）fever发热fiber纤维fibrinogen纤维蛋白原figure-of-8-bandage8字形绷带fingerprint指纹，手印fissureoflung肺裂纹fistula瘘，瘘管fistulacollicongenita先天性颈瘘，鳃裂瘘管=branchialfistulaflapamputation瓣状切断术fluoresceinangiography荧光素血管造影术follicle卵泡foot足fossapterygopalatina翼腭窝fracture骨折freeradi

29、cal自由基Fromentssign弗罗芒氏征(用拇食二指夹纸片时，拇指远侧屈曲，见于尺神经损害)fructose果糖fundusuteri子宫底Fusobacterium梭菌属，梭杆菌复数fusobacteriagammacamera照相机，射线照相机ganglioside神经节苷脂gangliosidosis神经节苷脂沉积症，神经节苷脂贮积症gastricgland胃腺gastrin胃泌素，促胃液激素gastroenterostomy胃肠吻合术geldiffusionprecipitintest凝胶扩散沉淀试验genetherapy基因治疗geneticcode遗传密码glandulapa

30、rotidea耳下腺glandulaegastricae胃腺Glasgowcomascale格拉斯哥昏迷评分，格拉斯哥昏迷计分，昏迷指数glaucoma青光眼glomerulonephritis肾小球性肾炎glomerulus肾小球glossopharyngealnerve舌咽神经glucose葡萄糖（=dextrose）glycogen糖原glycogenosis糖原病，糖原贮积病gobletcell杯状细胞Golgiapparatus高尔基体，高尔基器gonadotropin促性腺激素（=gonnadotrophin）gonarthritis膝关节炎granulocyticleukemia

31、粒细胞性白血病granulomatosis肉芽肿病growthfactor生长因子，生长因素growth生长，肿瘤，赘生物gestation妊娠(期)，怀孕(期)gyrus脑回，回hair毛，毛发hairyleukoplakia毛状白斑hammertoe锤状趾hand手Headslines头线heart心，心脏hearttransplantation心脏移植(术)heart-lungmachine(人工)心肺机health卫生，健康Hegarssign黑格氏征(孕妇的子宫峡部极软，宫颈与宫体似不相连)Heimlichmaneuver海姆利克氏急救法，海氏急救法，海姆利克氏操作法helix耳轮，

32、螺旋，螺旋结构hemianopsia偏盲亦作hemianopia，hemiopiahemoglobin血红蛋白hemoglobinA2血红蛋白A2hemophilia血友病hemotachometer血流速度计Hensensline亨森氏线(中线)hepatitis肝炎hepatitisBvirus乙型肝炎病毒，B型肝炎病毒，乙肝病毒herniateddisk椎间盘突出Hesselbachtriangle腹股沟三角（inguinaltriangle），黑塞尔巴赫氏三角，海氏三角heteroduplex异源(杂种)双链核酸分子，异源双链hiatalhernia食管裂孔疝hipjoint髋关节Hi

33、sbundleelectrogram希氏束电图histocompatibilitycomplex组织相容性复合物，组织相容性复合体HMO心脏每分钟输出量(heartminuteoutput)Hodgkinsdisease霍奇金病，霍奇金淋巴瘤（=Hodgkinlymphoma）homunculus矮人，侏儒hormone激素，荷尔蒙hormonereplacementtherapy激素取代疗法，荷尔蒙替代疗法Hornerssyndrome霍纳综合征；颈交感神经麻痹综合征horopter双眼单视界，两眼视界，同视点horripilation毛发竖立；鸡皮疙瘩HumanGenomeProject人

34、类基因组计划humanpapillomavirus人乳头瘤病毒humerus肱骨hydrocele阴囊积水；积水，积液hydronephrosis肾盂积水hyperbilirubinemia高胆红素血症hypercalcemicsarcoidosis高血钙性肉样瘤病，高血钙性结节病hyperlipoproteinemia高脂蛋白血症hyphema眼前房出血，前房积血hypodontia缺齿，牙发育不全hypophysiotropichormone促垂体素hypophysis(脑下)垂体hypothalamus丘脑下部，下丘脑hypothermia体温过低，低体温，体温降低hypovolemic

35、shock低血容量性休克hypoxia低氧，缺氧，组织缺氧ileus肠梗阻immunesystem免疫系统immunity免疫，免疫性immunodeficiency免疫缺陷immunoelectrophoresis免疫电泳immunofluorescence免疫荧光，萤光免疫检验法immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白immunoreaction免疫反应immunotherapy免疫疗法inguinalhernia腹股沟疝injection注射，注射剂insulin胰岛素intercellularjunction细胞间连接interferon干扰素internalcephalicversio

36、n胎头内倒转术，胎头内回转intubation插管(术)iron铁irondeficiencyanemia缺铁性贫血ischiocavernousmuscle坐骨海绵肌isotype同型，同位jointsofhand手关节juxtaglomerularcomplex肾小球旁复合体，球旁复合体karyotype核型，染色体组型keratoplasty角膜成形术；角膜移植术kidney肾，肾脏kinin激肽kneejoint膝关节knot硬块；肿块；硬结，(打)结Kohlersdisease科勒氏病(儿童足舟骨病,第二跖骨病)Kntschernail髓腔內固定针kyphosis脊柱后凸，驼背lab

37、or分娩labyrinth迷路(包括骨迷路和膜迷路)lactogenesis生乳，乳生成Lancefieldclassification兰斯菲耳德氏分类法(链球菌沉淀反应分类法)Langerhansislands朗格汉斯氏岛laparoscopic-assistedvaginalhysteroscopy腹腔镜辅助的阴道子宫镜检查laparoscopy腹腔镜检查laparotomy剖腹手术，剖腹探查larynx喉laser激光laseriridotomy激光虹膜切开术lasertrabeculoplasty激光小梁成形术layersofretina视网膜层LeFortfracturesLeFor

38、tfractures(alsospelledasLeFortfractures)aretypesoffacialfracturesinvolvingthemaxillaryboneandsurroundingstructuresinausuallybilateralandeitherhorizontal,pyramidalortransverseway.LeFortfracturesareclassicinfacialtrauma.TheLeFortfracturewasnamedafterFrenchsurgeonRenLeFort(1869-1951),whodescribedthemin

39、theearly20thcentury.leftheartbypass左心分流术leishmaniasis利什曼病(尤指黑热病)，利氏曼原虫病lentiginosis着色斑病Leopoldsmaneuvers利奥波得(氏)法（Leopoldsmaneuvers），腹部触诊法（以确定胎儿位置与先露之四项腹部触诊操作）leukoplakia粘膜白斑病亦作leucoplakia,leucoplasialigature结扎(线)，缝合线limbicsystem边缘系统，大脑边缘系统lipoprotein脂蛋白lipoproteinelectrophoresis脂蛋白电泳lithiasis结石病复数li

40、thiaseslobarpneumonia大叶性肺炎lochia恶露；产褥排泄物Loopexcision环形切除术(Adiagnosticandtherapeuticgynecologicalsurgicaltechniqueforremovingdysplasticcellsfromthecervix)low-fatdiet低脂肪饮食lumbarpunctureneedle腰椎穿刺针lumbosacralplexus腰骶丛，腰骶神经丛lung肺，肺脏lupuserythematosus红斑狼疮Lymedisease莱姆病（由扁虱叮咬而出现麻疹、发烧等症状的一种传染性疾病）lymphnode淋

41、巴结lymphadenography淋巴结造影术lymphocyte淋巴细胞lymphography淋巴系统造影术，淋巴管造影术，淋巴造影(术)lymphoma淋巴瘤maculautriculi椭圆囊斑maculopathy黄斑病；黄斑病变magneticresonanceimagingMRI，磁共振成像malaria疟疾mammography乳房X线照相术managedcare管理式医疗mandible下颌骨melanoma黑色素瘤，胎记瘤Microsporum小孢子菌(属)，小孢子癣菌microtubule微管milk乳剂，乳状物minimalalveolarconcentration最小

42、肺泡浓度mitochondrion线粒体mitralstenosis二尖瓣狭窄monoclonalantibody单克隆抗体monoculus单眼绷带mononuclearphagocytesystem单核吞噬细胞系统，单核巨噬细胞系统mooddisorder心境障碍；情绪异常；情感性疾患motorendplate运动终板，神经肌肉接点motorcortex运动皮质(区)motorneuron运动神经元mouth-to-mouthrespiration口对口人工呼吸mucousmembrane黏膜multipleintestinalpolyposis多发肠息肉病musclesoftheback

43、背部肌群musclesoffacialexpression表情肌mycosisfungoides蕈样真菌病，蕈样肉芽肿myelinsheath髓鞘，髓磷脂鞘myocardialinfarction心肌梗死，心肌梗塞myopia近视myosin肌球蛋白，肌浆球蛋白，肌凝蛋白necrosis坏死，坏疽nephron肾单位nephropathic肾病的nephriticsyndrome肾病综合征neurinoma神经(鞘)瘤neuron神经元，神经细胞nevusflammeus焰色痣，鲜红斑痣nevussebaceous皮脂腺痣nitricoxide一氧化氮nitrogen氮，氮气nomogram诺

44、模图；列线图；计算图表nuclearmagneticresonance核磁共振nuclearmedicine核医学imaging成像null-celladenoma裸细胞腺瘤nursepractitioner护师；执业护师，开业护士nystagmus眼球震颤obstetricultrasound产科超声oculomotornerve动眼神经Ogino-Knausrule奥-瑙二氏规律(安全避孕期)olfaction嗅觉olfactology嗅觉学oligodendrocyte少突细胞，少突胶质细胞oncogene致癌基因，癌基因oncogenicvirus致癌病毒，致瘤病毒openbite(牙

45、齿的)开式咬合，开咬openpneumothorax开放性气胸ophthalmoscopy检眼镜检查，眼底镜检查(法)opticaxis光轴，视轴opticcanal视神经管，视管opticchiasm视交叉，视神经交叉organelle细胞器oscoxae髋骨oscillograph示波器osmosis渗透(作用)，渗透性osseouslabyrinth骨迷路osteomalacia骨软化，软骨病osteomyelitis骨髓炎osteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosynthesis骨缝术，接骨术ovulation排卵pain疼痛，痛苦palatopharyngoplasty腭咽成形术pa

46、ncreas胰腺pancreatitis胰腺炎pancreatoduodenectomy胰十二指肠切除术pancreatography胰腺X线摄影术，胰造影术paranasalsinuses鼻旁窦paranasalsinusparaprotein副蛋白paronychia甲沟炎parsautonomica自主神经部patella髌骨，膝盖骨pelvicinflammatorydisease盆腔炎，盆腔炎性疾病pelvickidney肾盂Pellegrini-Stiedadisease佩-施二氏病(膝、内外侧韧带骨化)pemphigusvulgaris寻常性天疱疮pericardiocentes

47、is心包穿刺术perimenopause围绝经期，停经期前症候，准更年期(指更年期前后的几年时间)perimeter视野计，周长，周界periproctitis肛周炎perniciousanemia恶性贫血phagocytosis吞噬作用pharmacokinetics药物（代谢）动力学pharynx咽，咽喉phlebography静脉造影术，静脉造影phonocardiography心音描记法，心音描记术pigmentation染色，色素沉着pinealoma松果体瘤placenta胎盘placentalcirculation胎盘循环plasma血浆plasmaproteins血浆蛋白质Pl

48、asmodium疟原虫pneumatosiscystoidesintestinlis肠气囊病，肠气囊肿症，肠道气性囊肿polarimeter偏振计，旋光计polycythemia红细胞增多症polymer聚合物polymerasechainreaction聚合酶链反应，PCRpolyp息肉positron正电子positronemissiontomographyPET，正电子发射断层显像，正电子发射断层扫描，正电子成象术posteriorinferiorcerebellararterysyndrome小脑下后动脉综合征，小脑后下动脉综合征Praguemaneuver布拉格手法(臀产式时的一种助

49、产法)precancer癌前期premenstrualsyndrome经前综合征presentation先露，产式，胎位，表现pressure压，压力Price-Jonescurve红细胞直径曲线(表示周围血片上红细胞直径大小变化频率分布的曲线)prion朊粒又称朊毒体，是引起人和动物发生传染性海绵状脑病(TSE)的病原体，属于一类特殊的传染性蛋白粒子prionprotein朊粒蛋白，朊蛋白，普恩蛋白，普里昂蛋白质probe探针projection心像描述，突出，投射，规划promontoryofthesacrum骶骨岬(sacralpromontory)prostate-specifican

50、tigenPSA，前列腺特异性抗原pseudoisochromatic假等色的，假单色的pseudotruncusarteriosus假性动脉干psittacosis鹦鹉热（一种会传染给人的鸟病）psoriasis牛皮癣，银屑病psychology心理学psychopharmacology精神病药物学，精神(病)药理学pterygium翼状胬肉ptosis下垂，上睑下垂puberty青春期pulmonarypleura肺胸膜pulse脉搏，脉冲punctumossificationis骨化点purpurafulminans暴发性紫癜pyramidaltract锥体束quadrantichemi

51、anopia象限偏盲radiationrisk辐射危险radioimmunoassay放射免疫测定(法)radionuclide放射性核素radius桡骨，半径RASTradioallergo-sorbenttest，放射过敏原吸附试验，放射性变应原吸附试验receptor受体，感受器reflex反射reflexarc反射弧regulatorgene调节基因=regulatorygenerenaltransplantation肾移植，肾脏移植renin肾素；高血压蛋白原酶renin-angiotensin-system肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)rennin凝乳酶Renshawcells闰绍

52、细胞是脊髓前角内的一种神经元，它接受前角运动神经元轴突侧支的支配，它的活动转而反馈抑制前角运动神经元的活动reproduction繁殖，生殖，复制resistance抵抗，电阻respirationrate呼吸率，呼吸数respiratorytract呼吸道respiratoryminutevolume每分钟呼吸量，RMVrestrictionendonuclease限制性核酸内切酶，限制性内切酶，限制酶，限制性内切核酸酶reticuloendotheliosis网状内皮组织增殖(病)reticulospinaltract网状脊髓束retina视网膜retinalcone视锥retinobla

53、stoma视网膜母细胞瘤，成视网膜细胞瘤复数retinoblastomas或retinoblastomataretinoid维甲酸，类视黄醇，维A酸retinoscopy视网膜镜检查，视网膜检影法retrogradehernia逆行性疝retrovirus逆转录病毒reversetranscriptase逆转录酶，反转录酶rheumatism风湿病rhinophyma肥大性酒渣鼻，鼻赘，鼻赘疣rhythm节律Ritgensmaneuver?里特根氏娩出手法(助儿头娩出手法)rocketimmuno-electrophoresis火箭免疫电泳，RIEPRorschachtest罗尔沙赫氏测验（视

54、对墨渍图案反应而分析其性格的实验）rosacea酒渣鼻，红斑痤疮Roux-en-YanastomosisRoux-en-Y吻合术，Roux-en-Yanastomosis,lessformallyandpreciselyRoux-en-Y,isasurgicallycreated(end-to-side)anastomosis.Typically,itisbetweensmallbowelandsmallbowelthatisdistal(orfurtherdownthegastrointestinaltract)fromthecut.end末端，结束rule规则S-TsegmentS-T段S

55、almonellatyphi伤寒杆菌，伤寒沙门氏菌sarcoidosis肉状瘤病，类肉瘤病，结节病scalarelectrocardiogram梯级心电图scalpel解剖刀，手术刀Scanzonismaneuver斯坎佐尼氏手法(产钳娩出手法)，枕后位时使用产钳旋转胎儿娩出法Schellongtest舍隆试验Scheuermannsdisease舒尔曼病是由Scheuermann(1921)描述了一种常见于青少年的胸椎或胸腰段的僵硬型脊柱后凸(驼背)畸形，也称为脊椎骨骺骨软骨病Schicktest锡克试验，希克氏白喉免疫性试验Schildersdiseade谢尔德病schistosome血吸

56、虫；裂体吸虫schizophrenia精神分裂症Schultzesmechanism胎娩sciatica坐骨神经痛scintigraphy闪烁扫描术，闪烁照相法，闪烁显像scintiphotography闪烁照像术，闪烁照相法scleroderma硬皮病scoliosis脊柱侧凸，脊柱侧弯Scribnershunt史克雷伯纳分流术scrotum阴囊seborrhea皮脂溢(出)sebum皮脂，羊脂，油脂sedative镇静剂，止痛药segment段，线段Seldingertechnique经股动脉穿刺术sellaturcica蝶鞍senilecataract老年性白内障sensation感觉，

57、感动sensibility灵敏度，敏感性，感觉septicemia败血症sesamoidbone籽骨sexchromatin性染色质shock休克sicksinussyndrome病态窦房结综合征，病窦综合征silicone硅酮，硅胶skin皮肤skinreaction皮肤反应skull头盖骨，颅骨sleepspindle睡眠梭状波smallcellcarcinoma小细胞癌smallintestine小肠smear涂片snowballsampling雪球式抽样；滚雪球抽样sodium-potassiumpump钠钾泵speculum窥器spermatogenesis精子发生，精子形成sper

58、matozoon精子sphericalaberration球面像差sphingolipidosis神经类脂增多症，(神经)鞘脂沉积病spinalcolumn脊柱spinalcurvature脊柱弯曲spinalcord脊髓spinalnerve脊神经，脊髓神经spiralorgan螺旋器(=organofCorti)spleen脾脏splenomegaly脾肿大（=splenomegalia）spondylolisthesis脊椎前移，脊椎滑脱spondylopathy脊椎病spontaneousevolution自然进化sportsmedicine运动医学，体育医学staging(疾病、尤指

59、癌症)分级staphylococci葡萄球菌Starlingscurve斯塔林曲线，反转曲线，S型曲线stenosis(器官)狭窄stimulus刺激(物)stomach胃stomatocytosis口形红细胞增多症straighttubule集合小管streptococci链球菌，链球菌属（streptococcus的复数）Streptococcuspneumoniae肺炎链球菌subacutegranulomatousthyroiditis亚急性肉芽肿性甲状腺炎subclavianstealsyndrome锁骨下动脉窃血综合征，锁骨下窃血症候群successivecontrast前后对比，连续对比，相继对比superiorsagittalsinus上矢状窦supernumerarykidney额外肾surveillance监督，监视sw