2019高考英语阅读理解(文学艺术音乐)(含解析)

1、 文学、艺术、音乐）李仕才导读：一位美国早期的作家曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。你认可这种观点吗？美国人究竟有哪些音乐爱好呢？AmericanMusicStylesJamesFenimoreCooper,anearlyAmericanwriter,oncesaid,TheAmericansarealmostignorantoftheartofmusic.Ifthatwasoncetrue,youwouldneverknowittoday.MostAmericanseventhosewithoutamusicalboneintheirbodieshaveafavoritestyle

2、ofmusic.Manypeopleenjoyclassicalandfolkmusicfromaroundtheworld.ButotherpopularmusicstylesinAmericaweremadeintheU.S.A.CountryandwesternmusicliesclosetotheheartofmanyAmericans.ThisstydriginatedamongcountryfolksinthesouthernandwesternUnitedStates.Countrymusictellsdown-to-earthstoriesaboutloveandlifesha

3、rdships.Guitars,banjosandviolinsgivecountrymusicitscharacteristicsound.ThehomeofcountrymusicisNashville,TennesseeMusicCityU.S.A.Jazzmusic,developedbyAfrican-Americansinthelate1800s,allowsperformerstofreelyexpresstheiremotionsandmusicalskill.Insteadofjustplayingthemelody,jazzmusiciansimprovisediffere

4、nttunes.Thepeakofjazzmusiccameinthe1920s.ThisperiodproducedmusicianslikeLouisArmstrong,BennyGoodmanandDukeEllington.Differentstylesofjazzdevelopedindifferentcities,suchasNewOrleans,Chicago,NewYorkandKansasCity.The1950ssawthedevelopmentofanexplosivenewmusicstyle:rocknroll.Thispowerfulmusicstyleaddres

5、sesissueslikelove,sex,drugs,politicsanddeath.Oftenitrebelsagainsttheacceptedvaluesofsociety.Rockconcerts,featuringloudmusicandsometimesweirdstageacts,havebecomeamajorpartofAmericanyouthculture.Musicvideosontelevisionhavespreadthemessageofrocktothefarcornersoftheglobe.Andthebeatgoeson.Popmusicreprese

6、ntspopularstylesthathavewideappeal.Goldenoldiesfromthepastbringbackpleasantmemoriesformany.Rapmusic,whichburstontothemusicsceneinthe1970s,isactuallymorelikearhymingchant.Rappersgiveastrong-sometimesvulgar-messageaboutlifeinthestreets.Americanshavealwaysbeenareligiouspeople,andmusichaslongbeenapartof

7、theirreligiousexperience,aswell.TodaysChrstianstylesfitallmusicaltastesfromcountrytojazztopoptorocktorap.InAmerica,musicisasharedexperience.Peoplegrowupwithpianolessons,chorusclassesandmarchingbandpractices.Theycantalkabouttheirtastesinmusicwhentheiiffintanythingelsetotalkabout.IfJamesFenimoreCooper

8、wereheretoday,hewouldsurelyhavetochangehistune.美国的音乐风格詹姆斯费尼莫尔库柏，一位美国早期的作家，曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。”如果这句话曾经是事实，今天就绝对不是你所知道的样子了。大部份的美国人一一甚至那些根本没有音乐细胞的人都有自己喜爱的音乐类型。很多人喜欢来自世界各地的古典音乐和民间音乐。但是美国其他的流行音乐则是土生土长的。在美国，乡村和西部音乐深入人心。这种音乐风格是从美国南部和西部的乡村音乐发展而来的。乡村音乐讲述的是平实的爱情故事和生活的艰辛。吉他、五弦琴和小提琴赋予了乡村音乐特有的音色。美国乡村音乐的故乡是位于田

9、纳西州的那什维尔市，它号称美国音乐之城。爵士乐，是在19世纪晚期由非裔美国人创造的，这种音乐可以让演奏者自由宣泄自己的情绪、表现自己的音乐技巧。爵士乐手们不仅演奏乐曲，也可以即兴创作不同的曲调。20世纪20年代，爵士乐进入了巅峰时期。这个时期造就了路易斯阿姆斯特朗、古德曼和埃林顿这样的杰出乐手。不同城市孕育了不同风格的爵士乐，比如新奥尔良、芝加哥、纽约和堪萨斯市。20世纪50年代见证了一种爆炸性的音乐类型的发展，这就是摇滚乐。这种音乐极具震撼力，涉及的是诸如爱情、性、毒品、政治和死亡之类的话题。它经常叛离世人接受的社会价值观念。摇滚音乐会凭借其高昂的乐声和怪异的舞台表演已经成为美国年轻人的主流

10、文化之一。摇滚音乐的视频也通过电视传播到了世界偏远的角落。音乐的节拍一直在前进。流行音乐代表了流行的风格深受大众喜爱。逝去的岁月留给我们的“黄金老歌”带领很多人重温昔日的美好回忆。嘻哈音乐，于20世纪70年代迅速跻身音乐舞台，它实际就像一种押韵的说唱。嘻哈乐手表达的是强烈的、有时甚至是粗俗的街头生活。美国人一直是信奉宗教的民族，因此音乐也是他们宗教体验的一部分。如今的基督教音乐可以满足人们不同的音乐品味乡村音乐、爵士乐、流行音乐、摇滚乐、嘻哈音乐无不包含其中。在美国，音乐是一种可以与人分享的体验。人们在钢琴课、合唱队和游行乐队的练习中成长起来。当无话可谈的时候，他们就可以聊一聊自己的音乐爱好。

11、如果今天费尼莫尔库柏还在人世，他肯定得更正自己的论调了。【重点单词】ignorantgn(e)r(e)ntadj.无知的；愚昧的originateerdsnet;n-vt.弓起；仓M乍banjobndgson.班卓琴；五弦琴improvisemprsvazvt.即兴创作；即兴表演weirdwedadj.怪异的；不可思议的chanttJantn.圣歌；赞美诗vulgarvAlgsadj.粗俗的；通俗的【重点短语/亮点句式】insteadof代替；而不是。这是一个复合介词，后跟名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。如：Whydontyouplayfootballinsteadofjustlookingon?

12、你为什么不参加踢足球而只是看热闹？suchas比如；诸如。这个短语用来表示不完全列举。如：HeroessuchasHuangJiguangwillalwaysliveintheheartsofthepeople.像黄继光这样的英雄人物，将永远活在人民的心里。Ilikedrinkssuchasteaandsoda.我喜欢诸如茶和汽水之类的饮料。The1950ssawthedevelopmentofanexplosivenewmusicstyle:rocknroll.20世纪50年代见证了一种爆炸性的音乐类型的发展，这就是摇滚乐。动词see作“经历；见证”讲时，主语通常是某个时间或者地点，并且通常

13、不用进行时态。如：Thecityhasseenplentyofviolenceovertheyears.近年本市发生多起暴力事件。Thecountryseesadecreaseinpopulation.这个国家人口数出现了下降。IfJamesFenimoreCooperwereheretoday,hewouldsurelyhavetochangehistune.如果今天费尼莫尔库柏还在人世，他肯定得更正自己的论调了。这个主从复合句中使用了虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，if从句中的动词用用过去时过去时(Be动词用were),主句中的动词用should/would/could/might+do。如

14、：IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）练习1.Maryisilltoday.Ifshesheabsentfromschool.A.werenotill，wouldntbeB.hadbeenill，wouldnthavebeenC.hadbeenill，shouldhavebeenD.hadntbeenill，couldbe2.Howmanymusicstylesarementionedin

15、thepassage?Whatarethey?答案i-丸考查虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，证从句中的动词用用过去时过去时阳亡动词用主句中的动词用shciild-ouldcouldmight-do；所以_答亲拘A-?Six.Theyar七roimtryar-dwesternmusic,jzzmusic,rack_iTroll,popmu5i,rapmuiicandChristianmusic.话龜解读”文学、艺术、音乐”是高中新课标话题之一。该话题主要包括各种文学类型、艺术形式、文化名人以及艺术家等方面。”文学与艺术”这个话题与我们的实际生活密切相关，对于学生了解国内外的文学与艺术形式，还有它们

16、的特点、历史、发展与创新等都有帮助。该话题能够引导学生接受和尊重不同国家和民族的文学及艺术，并亲身感受文学与艺术的魅力。”文学、艺术、音乐”话题是近几年的高考英语必考话题之一，而且常以阅读理解、完形填空、七选五以及书面表达的形式来考查，例如2017年新课标卷II书面表达，2017年江苏卷阅读理解A篇，2017年浙江卷阅读理解A篇阅，2016年全国卷II书面表达；2015年全国卷I阅读理解C篇；2015年重庆卷阅读理解E篇；2014年新课标全国卷I阅读理解D篇；2012年天津卷书面表达；2011年山东卷完形填空等。相关词汇】话1.instrumentPnstrumentn.乐器2.folkfsu

17、kadj.民间的题3.applauseeplo：zn.鼓掌欢迎4.musicianmju；zi（9）nn.音乐单家词5.concertkonstn.音乐会6.performpsfo：mv.表演7.performancepefomensn.表演8.classicalkl氏sk(e)ladj.古典的9.influencenfloensvt.影响10.recordlreko：dvt.&vi.录音；纪录n.记录；唱片11.relaxedrll氏kstadj.放松的12.depresseddlpresadj.压抑的13.interpretnt3：pritv.解释；说明14.honouronv.尊敬；敬重

18、15.presentprez(e)ntv.赠送；颁发16.collectionkelekRe)nn.收藏17.earn3：nvt.赚钱，获得，博得18.hithitn.成功19.appreciateeprijfeitv.欣赏20.attractiveetr氏ktvadj.吸弓人的话1.makecontactwith与进行来往2.allofasudden突然题3.givelifeto赋予生命(生命力，活力)4.dancetothemusic伴着音乐跳短彳11E舞语5.(be)trueof/for与情况相冋6.dependon依靠，依赖7.(be)thesamewith与情况相同8.drawupo

19、n利用，凭借，依赖,临近9.giveconcerts举办音乐会10.inadditionto除此之外；还有11.sharefeelingsandideaswith与分享感受与想法12.takeadvantageof利用13.tryout尝试14.beblessedwith有幸eout出版16.playjokesonsb.在某人身上开玩笑17.baseon/upon基于，以为根据18.breakupvt.&vi.分解，分开；破碎，解体话题1.ShegraduatedfromtheShanghaiConservatoryofMusic,whereshealsostudiedtheguzhengin

20、1993.她毕业于上海音乐学院，1993年她还在那里学习弹奏古筝。句子2.1tsthesamewithclassicalChinesemusic.中国古典音乐也是一样。Themomenttheystarttoplay，itisclearthemembersofTwelveGirlsBandareamongthemostgiftedmusiciansintheworld.她们一开始演奏，就立刻证明了女子十二乐坊的成员是世界上最有天赋的音乐家。Inadditiontotheawardsthemselves,therearealsoperformancesbyfamousartistsatthece

21、remony.除了大奖本身以外，颁奖典礼上还有著名艺术家的表演。Therefore，theGrammysarenottakenseriouslybysomemusiciansormusicfans.因此，格莱美并不为某些音乐家或音乐迷看重。Songsthatarespokenratherthansungarecalledrap.采用近乎念白方式而不是唱的歌曲被叫做绕舌歌。AswellasattractinghugeaudiencesinitsHongKonghome,Cantopophaspreadoffshore,anditsstarsareknowninBeijing,LondonandN

22、ewYork.粤语流行音乐不仅仅吸引了香港本地的大量听众，而且传到海外的其他国家，香港的歌星在北京、伦敦和纽约都很有名。Mymessageisthatitdoesntmatterifyoureblack,white,fat,thin,oldandyoungwereallthesame,itsagreatworldandyoucandosomethingwithyourlife.我想告诉大家的是不管你是黑人还是白人，肥胖还是瘦小，年长还是年幼，这些都不重要一一我们都是一样的，这是一个美妙的世界，你可以在有生之年做些事情。”阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

23、A（2017浙江卷）BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamelshair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomake

24、abrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged（蓬乱）.Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecatslotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjaminscousins,Mr.Penningtn,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjaminsdrawings.Whenhewe

25、nthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版画）byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjaminsparentsifhe

26、mighttaketheboytoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape（风景）painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benja

27、mincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Benjam

28、insvisittoPhiladelphia.WilliamsinfluenceonBenjamin.ThebeginningofBenjaminslifeasanartist.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest?Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushess

29、oon.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.WilliamstwobookshelpedBenjaminto.mastertheuseofpaintsappreciatelandscapepaintingsgettoknowotherpaintersmakeuphism

30、indtobeapainterB（2017年新课标卷II）Inthecomingmonths,wearebringingtogetherartistsfromallovertheglobe,toenjoyspeakingShakespearesplaysintheirownlanguage,inourglobe,withinthearchitectureShakespearewrotefor.pleasecomeandjoinus.NationalTheatreOfChinaBeijing|ChineseThisgreatoccasion（盛会）willbethenationalTheatre

31、ofChinasfirstvisittotheUK.Thecompanysproductionsshowthenewfaceof21stcenturyChinesetheatre.ThisproductionofShakespearesRichardIIIwillbedirectedbytheNationalsAssociateDirector,WangXiaoying.Date&Time:Saturday28April,2.30pm&Sunday29April,1.30pm&6.30pmMarjanishviliTheatreTbilisiGeorgianOneofthemostfamous

32、theatresinGeorgia,theMarjanishvili,foundedin1928,appearsregularlyattheatrefestivalsallovertheworld.ThisnewproductionofAsYouLikeItishelmed（扌旨导）bythecompanysArtisticDirectorLevanTsuladze.Date&Time:Friday18May,2.30pm&Saturday19May,7.30pmDeafinitelyTheatreLondon|BritishSignLanguage（BSL）Bytranslatingther

33、ichandhumouroustextofLovesLaboursLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL,DeafinitelyTheatrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespearescomedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience.Date&Time:Tueaday22May,2.30pm&Wednesday23May,7.30pmHabimaNationalTheatreTelAviv|Hebre

34、wTheHabimaisthecentreofHebrew-languagetheatreworldwide,FoundedinMoscowafterthe1905revolution,thecompanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920s,Since1958,theyhavebeenrecognizedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespearesTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.Date&Time:Monday28Ma

35、y,7.30&Tuesday29May,7.30pmwhichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina?A.RichardIII.B.LoversLaboursLost.C.AsYouLikeIt.D.ThemerchantofVenice.WhatisspecialaboutDeafinnitelyTheatre?A.Ithastwogroupsofactors.B.ItistheleadingtheatreinLondon.C.ItperformsplaysinBSL.D.Itisgoodatproducingcomedies.Whenc

36、anyouseeaplayinHebrew?OnSaturday28Apil.OnSunday29April.OnTuesday22May.OnTuesday29May.SalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,d

37、rawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoLEnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartistsshowmanqualities.Thevisitorwillente

38、rtheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无限).Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazin

39、gFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration（合作）withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersbur

40、g.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?Optimistic.B.Productive.C.Generous.D.Traditional.WhatisDalisThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?Oneofhismasterworks.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.Anartisticcreationforthestage.OneofthebeatTVprogrammes.HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali

41、?A.Bypopularity.B.Byimportance.C.Bysizeandshape.D.Bytimeandsubject.Whatdoesthewordcontributionsinthelastparagraphreferto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.DBelgiumisthelandofmusicfestivals.Therearerock,pop,world,electronicmusicfestivalsandmore,soyouresuretofindafestivalthatsuitsyourtaste

42、.GroezrockGroezrockcouldbeconsideredtheopenerofthefestivalseasoninBelgium.Thisfestivalgrewfromasmalleventtoaninternationalfestivalthathad33,000visitorsin2016.Ifyoureintotheharderstuff（东西），thisiswhereyouneedtogo.When?April29-30,2017.Where?Meerhout.Music?Punk,emo,skaandrockinallitsvariatioFnrse.e?No.S

43、finksMixedSfinksisaworldmusicfestivalthatfocusesonbringingculturetogether.Therearealsoplentyofthingstodobesideswatchingtheperformances.Goodtoknowforfamilies:Sfinksisakid-friendlyfestival,withworkshops,storytellingandperformancesaimedatchildren.When?July27-30,2017.Where?Boechout.Music?World.Free?Thef

44、estivalisfree;thecampingisnot.GraspopMetalMeetingIfGroezrockdoesntseemroughenoughtoyou,GraspopMetalMeetingmight.Asthenamesays,thisfestivalisallaboutmetal,rockandpunk.In2016thefestivalreceived140,000visitorswhocametowatchthemorethan100bandsperforming.When?June16-1&2017.Where?Dessel.Music?Metal.Free?N

45、o.GenkonStageGenkonStageisapopmusicalwithnotonlyalotofBelgianartists,butalsosomeinternationalnames.80,000peopleattendedGenkonStagein2016.When?June23-25,2017.Where?Genk.Music?Pop.Free?Yes.WhichmaykickoffthefestivalseasoninBelgium?A.Groezrock.B.SfinksMixed.C.GraspopMetalMeeting.D.GenkonStage.Whatdowek

46、nowaboutSfinksMixed?Itenjoysworldwidepopularity.Itsmainlytargetedatkids.Itcombinesfunwithculture.Itfeaturescertaintypesofmusic.Wherearecrazymetalmusicenthusiastsmostlikelytogo?A.Meerhout.B.Boechout.C.Genk.Dessel.礬案解析A【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。C【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国绘画之父Benjamin在成为

47、一名画家之前的生活经历，并介绍了Pennington对Benjamin在绘画道路上的一些帮助，故选C。D【解析】句意猜测题。根据第三段Thesew曲th亡fif就firstrealpiintandBe-njammhadeverseen可知玛如11在翦完猫的毛做刷子之后，就很快有了真正的刷子，故选DB解析】细节理解题.根据最后一段9,Nir.Peimingtongavemalarial耳farcreatingoilptimings可知PeimilLgtm为了帮ftBenjamin培养绘画天赋，给他提供了一些绘画材料，故选氏D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist可知：这两本书帮助Benjamin坚定了自己成为一名画家的决心，故选D。B【文章大意】本文是一篇与音乐剧有关的应用文。主要介绍了莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些国家的大剧院上映的有关情况。A【解析】细节理解题。根据Thisgreatocc