2022年初中定语从句讲解及练习

1、学习必备 欢迎下载Unit6-7 初中定语从句讲解及练习一定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的 man 和 everything是定语从句所修饰的词， 叫先行词， 定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格 who, 所有格 whose)和关系副词 where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用： 1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语

2、从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词 whom在 口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。(3) The man who/whom you met just now i

3、s my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语 ) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语 ) 4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are al

4、l here. ( 在句子中做主语 ) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语 ) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (若指物， 它还可以同 of which互换，指人的时候也可以用 of whom 代替）(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 =The classroom the door of which

5、 is broken will soon be repaired. （3)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 定 语 从 句 练 习附练习（一）练习(一) 请分析一下定语从句： ( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词) 1. Check the ways you study for an English test. 2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.

6、3. You couldn t unders tand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didnt like. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently? 8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in sch

7、ool. 学习必备 欢迎下载10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12.If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. All

8、 I ever wanted to do was traveling. 二、用关系代词填空： that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1.This is the man _ wants to see you. 2. The student _ answered the question is Zhang Hua. 3. The man _ you went to see has come. 4. The man _I met yesterday lent me some money. 5. The woman _ you saw is our geography teach

9、er. 6. The runner _ you are asking about is over there. 7. The person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball. 8. The man _was passing by saw what happened. 9. Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday. 10.These books _ you lent me were very useful. 11. The storybook _ I have just read cannot be

10、 forgotten. 12. A clock is a machine _ tells people the time. 13. This is shirt _I bought yesterday. 14. A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning to the word. 15. The book _ is on the table is mine. 16. The film _ they are talking about is very interesting. 17. I will never forget the people and t

11、he places _I have visited. 18. Is there anyone _ family is in Beijing? 19. Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer. 20. The boy_ father is a teacher is good at English. 三、单项选择( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose ( ) 2. Whats the

12、 name of the program_.A. which are listening C. to that you are listening B. you are listening to D. that you are listening ( ( ( ( ( )3. The students were all interested _ you told them yesterday. A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything ) 4. He was the only person in his office_ wa

13、s invited. A. whom B. whose C. that D. which ) 5. This is the museum_ we visited last year. A. where B. in which C. which D. in that ) 6. Charlie told his mother all_ had happened. A. that B. what C. which D. who ) 7. Do you know the student_? A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk C. I often

14、 talk with D. that I often talk ( 学习必备欢迎下载) 8. I like the house_ windows face south. A. whose B. whos C. its D. its( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _? A. what I need B.I need C. which I need it D. that I need it ( )10.The young woman_ I spoke just now is a young doctor. A. who B.

15、 to whom C. whom D. that 三）关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语 why=for which 关系副词 =介词 +关系代词where=in/ at/ . which ( 介词同先行词搭配 ) when=during/ on/ in/ . which ( 介词同先行词搭配 ) 1. where 是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。2. when 引导定语从句表示时间 注 值得一提的是，表示时间“time 一词的定语从句只用 when 引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用 that 引导。练习二1）. Is this the factory _ you visited the

16、 other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 2 Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 3） Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4）Do you still remember the day _ we first met? A. that B. whe

17、n C. what D. on that 5）October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget.A. when B. that C. where D. in which 6) October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. which B. when C. where D. in which 7). This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C

18、. that D. for which 四 . 非 限制性定语从句 的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 . 1. which 引学习必备 欢迎下载导的非限制性定语从句作用是说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分Unit8 短语动词讲解A)动词 + 介词(of,after,for,about,at) 名词，代词须放后面。常见的有 ：agree with 同意.的意见 (想法);符合 belong to 属于wait for/ 等候 come from 来自get to 到达 . fall off ( 从.) 掉下knock at

19、/on 敲(门、窗 ) laugh at 嘲笑look after 照顾 ,照看 look at 看;观看look for 寻找 look like 看起来像listen to 听. talk about 说话 ;谈话 ;谈论pay for (sth.) 付钱 ;支付 talk with 与.交谈think about 考虑 ask for 请求 ;询问B) 动词 + 副词 (up,down,away,out,off) 词须放中间。常见的有：名词可前可后，代put on 穿上;戴上;(戏剧等 )上演; cut down 砍倒clean up清除;收拾干净 come out 出来 ;出现 ;(花

20、)开;发(芽) come down下来;落 come over 过来 ;顺便来访drop off 放下 (某物 );下车 eat up 吃光 ;吃完fall down 跌倒;从.落下find out 查出(真相) get back 回来;取回 give up 放弃go over 过一遍 ;仔细检 hand in 交上来shut down 把.关上 hurry up 赶快look out 留神 ;注意 look up 向上看 ;抬头看 pick up 拾起;捡起look over ( 仔细 )检查 pass on 传递;转移到 . put away 放好 ;把. 收起来put down 把(某物

21、)放下来 put up 挂起;举起try on 试穿 (衣服、鞋等 );试戴 (帽子等 ) turn down 关小 ;调低 turn off 关(电灯、收音机、煤气、wake up 醒来try out 试验;尝试 turn on 打开 (电灯、煤气、自来等 ) turn over ( 使)翻过来 wear out 把.穿旧;磨坏work out 算出;制订出 write down 写下run away 流失 ;逃跑 ;逃走 send up 发射 ;把.往上送C) be + 形容词 + 介词set off 出发;动身;启程 trip over ( 被.) 绊倒be angry with 对(某

22、人 )发脾学习必备 欢迎下载be angry with 对(某人)发脾be angry with 对(某人)发脾be angry with 对(某人)发脾ake off 脱掉(衣服) take out 取出 . 气throw about 乱丢 ;抛撒be interested in 对.感兴趣 be able to 能;会 be afraid of 害怕 be amazed at 对. 感到惊讶 be excited about 对.感到兴奋be filled with 用.充满 be full of 充满 .的be good at (= do well in ) be late for 迟到

23、在.方面做得好 ;善于be made in 在.生产或制造 be made of 由.组成 ;由.构成 be pleased with 对.感到满意 be proud of 以.自豪 (高兴 ) be used for 用于D)动词 + 名词 / 代词 beg ones pardon 请原谅 ;对不起 do morning exercises 做早操 do ones homework 做作业enjoy oneself (= have a good time) give a concert 开音乐会 go boating 去划船 go fishing 去钓鱼 go hiking 去徒步旅行 go skating 去滑冰 go shopping ( 去)买东西 have a cold ( 患)感冒 have a cough ( 患)咳嗽 have a headache ( 患)头痛 have a try 尝试 ;努力 have a look 看一看 have a rest 休息过得快乐 ;玩得愉快学习必备 欢迎下载have a seat (= take a seat ) 就坐 ;坐下 have sports 进行体育活动 have supper 吃晚餐 hear of 听说 hold a sports meeting 举行运动会 make a decision 作出决定 ma