主要内容Jobidentification工作识别Jobsummary工作摘要课件

1、工作分析Job AnalysisQuestions:What is the content of each job?How will you know when people are doing a good job? How should you measure their performance?What qualifications will people need in each job?What should you train each person to do in each job?How much should you pay for doing each job?人力資源管

2、理流程HR PlanningStaffingTrainingCompensationPerformance AppraisalLabor RelationControllingJob AnalysisJob DescriptionJob SpecificationRecruitmentSelectionOrientationSocializationTrainingWagesBenefitsObservationAppraisal InterviewCommunicationJob SatisfactionDisciplineTermination工作分析 對象: 職位以系統化的方式來蒐集分析

3、特定職位的工作內容，方法及職責等相關資訊界定完成工作所須具備之知識技能，及人格特質 Occupation 客務部服務員Position 房務員Job 清潔客房 Tasks 客房清潔，客房備品補給， 協助客人問題Elements (activities)客房清潔清理垃圾桶 (element 1)清潔廁所地面 (element 2)SOURCE OF DATAJob analystEmployeeSupervisorMETHODS OF COLLECTING DATAObservationInterviewsQuestionnaires/ChecklistsCritical IncidentsOt

4、hers JOB DATATasksPerformance standardsResponsibilitiesTools/Equipment/AidsKnowledgeSkillsAbilitiesJOB DESCRIPTIONTasksDutiesResponsibilitiesJOB SPECIFICATIONSkill requirementsKnowledge requirementsAbilities neededPhysical demandsHUMAN RESOURCES FUNCTIONSRecruitmentSelectionTraining & DevelopmentPer

5、formance AppraisalCompensationControlJob Analysis ModelSteps in Job AnalysisSelect Jobs for AnalysisDetermine What Information to CollectDetermine How to Collect the InformationDetermine Who Collects the InformationProcess the InformationWrite Job DescriptionsWrite Job Specifications如何蒐集工作分析資訊?Top-d

6、own approach適用於新的或未來的工作由組織發展所欲達成目標來思考工作內容項目Bottom-up approach適用於existing jobs由工作人員提供訊息告知工作業務內容Bottom-up approach of JAObservations觀察法Interviews面談法Questionnaires 問卷法 (Job Inventory)Critical incidents technique (CIT) 重要事件法diaries 日記法Job descriptions & Job specifications工作分析所得的管理工具Job descriptions 工作說明

7、書記錄工作內容，方法，責任，環境，及活動可供員工及該職位主管參考summarize the duties, responsibilities, working conditions and activities of a specific jobJob specification 工作規範記錄擔任該職為所需具備的資格與條件describe the qualifications required to perform the job工作說明書主要內容Job identification工作識別Job summary工作摘要Responsibilities and duties關係與職責Autho

8、rity職權Standards of performance績效標準Working conditions工作條件Job specifications工作規範Trendmulti-task&multi-skillJob DesignJob Design設計搭配不同的工作內容(tasks, functions)以提高生產效率並提升工作的內外性工作價值A systematic process through with the work content (tasks, functions, and relationships), the rewards (extrinsic and intrinsic

9、), and the qualifications required (KSA) is determined for each job.Job CharacteristicsSkill variety (makes job interesting) 技能多樣Task identity (sees the products)可見成果Task significance (effort worthwhile)工作重要性Autonomy (personal responsibilities)工作自主性Feedback (know the results)持續性回饋工作設計方法Job simplific

10、ation 簡單化Job enlargement 擴大化Job rotation 輪調Job enrichment 豐富化工作簡單化Job simplification將複雜工作分為細小單位，每人只執行其中一部份非常專業分工重複動作提升工作正確性“time and motion analysis”Job enlargement 工作擴大化藉由增加類似工作以擴大工作內容水平層面的擴大工作內容 A horizontal job expansionJob rotation 工作輪調員工在各個不同職位或部門輪調Reduces boredomEasier to staff unpleasant job輪調方法水平輪調垂直輪調Job enrichment 工作豐富化除擴大工作項目外並負與員工更多的權利，責任，及自主性Increase ees authority, responsibility, and autonomy (Vertical job expansion) less supervision and more self-este