C程序设计英文课件：复习

1、Chapter 2: Types, Operators and Expressions Variable Names Data Types and Sizes Constants Declarations Arithmetic Operators Relational and Logical Operators Type Conversions Increment and Decrement Operators Bitwise Operators Assignment Operators and Expressions Conditional Expressions Precedence an

2、d Order of Evaluation Data Types and sizes数据类型基本类型构造类型指针类型空类型整型字符型实型（浮点型）单精度型双精度型枚举类型数组类型结构体类型共同体类型Variable NamesNames are made up of letters, digits and underscore.The first character must be a letter or underscore.Upper case and lower case letters are distinct.The number limit of characters is not

3、 consist, depend on system. （always 8 characters）Keywords like if, else, int, etc., cant be used.Its a good habit to choose the name related to the purpose of variable.Sum, day, M.D.richie, $45, int X,x,Y,y;student_name, student_number,k1,k2,k3 = m_eng, m_math,m_elecType ConversionsRule1: “narrow” t

4、o “wide”.For example:float f;char c;f+c;/* value is double type*/Type ConversionsExplicit type conversions can be forced(coerced) in any expression (type-name) expressionExample:char c;d=(double)c;Rule1: (type-name) expression (int)(x+y) ; (int)x+y;2.12 Precedence and order of evaluationOperatorsAss

5、ociability( ) - .Left to right! + - * &Right Associability* / %Left to right+ -Left to right Left to right =Left to right= = != =Left to right&Left to rightLeft to right|Left to right2.12 Precedence and order of evaluationOperatorsAssociativity&Left to right|Left to right? :Right to left= += -+ *= /

6、= %= &= = |= =Right to leftChapter 3: Control Flow Statements and Blocks If-Else Else-If Switch Loops - While and For Loops - Do-While Break and Continue Goto and labels Chapter 4: Functions and Program Structure Basics of Functions Functions Returning Non-integers External Variables Scope Rules Hea

7、der Files Static Variables Register Variables Block Structure Initialization Recursion The C Preprocessor File Inclusion Macro Substitution return_type function_name (argument declaration)declarations and statementsfor example:int max( int x,int y)int z;z=xy?x:y;return(z); The definition of function

8、 说明：实参必须有确定的值形参必须指定类型形参与实参类型一致，个数相同若形参与实参类型不一致，自动按形参类型转换 函数调用转换参数传递方式为值传递方式：函数调用时,为形参分配单元,并将实参的值复制到形参中；调用结束，形参单元被释放，实参单元仍保留并维持原值。特点：形参与实参占用不同的内存单元；单向传递形式参数与实际参数形式参数：定义函数时函数名后面括号中的变量名实际参数：调用函数时函数名后面括号中的表达式局部变量外部变量存储类别autoregister局部static外部static外部存储方式动态静态存储区动态区寄存器静态存储区生存期函数调用开始至结束程序整个运行期间作用域定义变量的函数或复

9、合语句内本文件其它文件赋初值每次函数调用时编译时赋初值，只赋一次未赋初值不确定自动赋初值0或空字符局部变量默认为auto型局部static变量具有全局寿命和局部可见性局部static变量具有可继承性extern不是变量定义,可扩展外部变量作用域Chapter 5: Pointers and Arrays Pointers and Addresses Pointers and Function Arguments Pointers and Arrays Address Arithmetic Character Pointers and Functions Pointer ArraysMulti-dimensional Arrays Initialization of Pointer Arrays Pointers vs. Multi-dimensional Arrays Chapter 6: Structures Basics of Structures Structures and Functions Arrays of Structures Po