Barro_宏观经济学.(5th)_课后习题答案

1、Exercise for MacroeconomicsChapter 3TRUE/FALSE1.The standard of living of people in a country is their per capita income.2.Diminishing returns to labor implies that eventually the marginal product of labor will become negative.3.The marginal product of capital is how much output changes when capital

2、 increases by one unit.4.Saving is income that is not consumed.5.Real saving equals gross investment.MULTIPLE CHOICE1.World growth data shows that from 1960 to 2000:a.the US and other OECD countries grew at moderate rates.c.some countries particularly East Asian countries grew rapidly.b.sub-Saharan

3、African countries grew at low rates or declined.d.all of the above.2.World growth data reveals that from 1960 to 2000:a.the US and other OECD countries grew at moderate rates.c.some countries particularly East Asian countries grew a low rates or declined.b.sub-Saharan African countries grew rapidly.

4、d.all of the above. 3.World growth data reveals that from 1960 to 2000:a.the US and other OECD countries stagnated.c.some countries particularly East Asian countries grew at low or negative rates.b.sub-Saharan African countries grew at low or negative rates.d.all of the above. 4.World growth data re

5、veals that from 1960 to 2000:a.all countries grew at similar rates.c.some countries particularly East Asian countries grew rapidly.b.sub-Saharan African countries grew moderately.d.the US and other OECD countries stagnated.5.The US and other OECD countries had high levels of GDP per person in 2000 d

6、espite growing at a moderate rate from 1960 to 2000 because:a.of exploitation of foreign countries. c.they stole the wealth of less developed countries. b.their economies had grown at a moderate rate for a century or more. d.all of the above.6.If A in the production function Y = A F(K,L) rises, then

7、:a.output rises for any level of K and L.c.the marginal product of capital rises. b.the marginal product of labor rises.d.all of the above.7.A in the production function Y = A F(K,L) is:a.the marginal product of labor.c.the marginal product of capital. b.the capital to labor ratio (K/L).d.the level

8、of technology.8.The marginal product of labor is:a.how much output rises for when labor increases one unit.c.labor divided by capital (L/K)b.capital divided by labor (K/L).d.the level of technology.9.The marginal product of capital is:a.c.the slope of the production when technology and labor are hel

9、d constant. b.the change in output for a unit change in capital. d.all of the above. 10.Diminishing marginal product of capital (MPK) means:a.output rises as capital rises.c.output rises as the MPK rises.b.the MPK eventually falls as capital rises. d.the marginal product of capital eventually become

10、s negative as capital rises.11.In the production function Y = A F(K,L), L is:a.leisure.c.the marginal product of labor.b.labor.d.the marginal product of leisure.12.In the production function Y = A F(K,L), Y is:a.good Y.c.the marginal product of good Y.duction.d.constant returns to scale.13.Amon

11、g the assumptions made about the production function Y = A (K,L) is:a.diminishing marginal product of labor.c.diminishing marginal product of capital.b.constant returns to scale.d.all of the above.14.For the production function Y = A F(K,L) constant returns to scale means:a.if capital and labor doub

12、le output doubles.c.the marginal products of capital and labor are constant.b.capital and labor increase at a constant rate.d.technology is constant.15.If the production function Y = A (K,L) is divided by L, thena.(Y/L) = Af(K/L).c.y = Af(k).b.output per capita equals technology times a function of

13、the capital labor ratio.d.all of the above.16.Among the categories the growth rate is broken down into by growth accounting is:a.the growth rate of technology.c.the capital labor ratio.b.the marginal product of capital.d.all of the above.17.Growth accounting shows that GDP growth depends on: a.growt

14、h of the capital ernment purchases.b.holding environmental pollution in check.d.having a reasonable distribution of income. 18.Growth accounting shows that economic growth depends on:ernment tax receipts.c.lowering environmental pollution.b.the growth of the labor force.d.all of the

15、above. 19.Growth accounting shows that economic growth depends on:a.controlling environmental pollution. c.increases in ernational cooperation.d.all of the above. 20.Growth accounting shows that economic growth depends on:a.increases in technology. c.growth in the capital stock.b.the

16、 growth of the labor force.d.all of the above. 21.The growth accounting formula is:a.c.b.d.Y= A F(K,L)22.The labor force participation rate is:a.the labor force divided into population.c.the labor force times population.b.the labor force divide by population.d.the labor population minus the labor fo

17、rce. 23.If a country has a population of 100 million and a labor force of 60 million, then its labor force participation rate is:a.0.6. c.40 million.b.d.60 million.24.If a country has a population of 300 million and a labor force of 200 million, then its labor force participation rate is:a.c.100 mil

18、lion.b.d.200 million.25.The change in the capital stock in an economy depends on:a.the economys saving. c.the economys investment. b.the change in bond prices. d.all of the above. 26.In a closed economy with no government sector, the change in the capital stock is: investment less depreciation.c.gro

19、ss investment. b.gross investment less depreciation.d.nominal saving. 27.In a closed economy with no government sector, the change in the capital stock is equal to: investment less depreciation.c.gross investment. b.nominal saving.d.real saving. 28.Depreciation of the capital stock occurs due to:a.m

20、achines deteriorating.c.bonds falling in value.b.real estate rising in value. d.all of the above. 29.Depreciation of the capital stock occurs due to:a.inflation.c.bonds falling in value.b.buildings needing repair.d.all of the above. 30.Depreciation of the capital stock occurs due to:a.deflation.c.bo

21、nds falling in value.b.vehicles requiring new parts.d.all of the above. 31.Depreciation of the capital stock occurs due to:a.machines deteriorating.c.buildings needing repair.b.vehicles needing parts. d.all of the above. 32.If there are 120 machines in an economy and the depreciation rate is 5% per

22、year, then:a.depreciation is 5 machines a year. c.depreciation is 115 machines per year.b.depreciation is 6 machines a year. d.depreciation is 114 machines per year. 33.If there are 120 machines in an economy and the depreciation rate is 10% per year, then next year there are:a.10 of the original ma

23、chines left. c.108 of the original machines left. b.12 of the original machines left. d.110 of the original machines left. 34.The average product of capital is:a.c.b.Y/K.d. 35.In Figure 3.1 the average product of capital is:a.rising. c.falling. b.constant. d.unknown.36.In Figure 3.1 the marginal pro

24、duct of capital is:a.rising.c.constant. b.declining. d.unknown.37.Figure 3.1 shows:a.a production function with labor and technology constant. c.a production function with capital and technology constant. b.a production function with capital and labor constant.d.a production function with capital, l

25、abor and technology constant. 38.In the steady state of the Solow growth model:a.c.b.d. 39.In the Solow growth model the economy reaches the optimal k*:a.immediately.c.randomly.b.over a period of time. d.cyclically. 40.The Solow growth model assumes unemployment is:a.zero.c.rising.b.falling. d.const

26、ant.41.The Solow growth model ignores:a.the international sector.c.changes in labor force participation.b.the role of government.d.all of the above.42.The Solow growth model shows that the growth rate of real GDP per worker depends on:a.the saving rate, sc.the depreciation rate, .b.the growth rate o

27、f the labor force, n.d.all of the above. 43.The Solow growth model shows that the growth rate of real GDP per worker depends on:a.the saving rate, sc.the rate of ernment spending, G.d.all of the above. 44.The Solow growth model shows that the growth rate of real GDP per worker depends

28、 on:a.the rate of growth of the money supply.c.rate of growth of government debt. b.the growth rate of the labor force, n.d.all of the above. 45.The Solow growth model shows that the growth rate of real GDP per worker depends on:a.the rate of growth of the money supply.c.the depreciation rate, .b.le

29、vel of output in the economy.d.all of the above. 46.In the Solow growth model the optimal capital to labor ratio, K/L, is where: a.s + n = s(k/y).c.n + s = s(y/k).b.s + n = s(y/k).d.s + s = n(y/k).47.In the Solow growth model the steady state is when the economy has:a.full employment. c.zero inflati

30、on.b.the optimal capital labor ratio, k*.d.all of the above.48.During the transition to the steady state in the Solow growth model:a.the output per worker rises. c.the rate of growth of capital rises. b.labor force participation rises. d.all of the above.49.During the transition to the steady state

31、in the Solow growth model:a.the output per worker falls. c.the rate of growth of capital falls. b.labor force participation rises. d.all of the above.50.During the transition to the steady state in the Solow growth model:a.the output per worker rises. c.the rate of growth of capital falls. b.the cap

32、ital to labor ratio rises. d.all of the above.51.The Solow residual is:a.that part of output growth not attributed to labor force growth. c.that part of output growth not attributed to capital stock growth and labor force growth. b.that part of output growth not attributed to capital stock growth. d

33、.the growth in output. 52.The Solow residual is that part of output growth attributed to:a.the growth rate of the labor force.c.the growth rate of the capital stock.b.the growth rate of output. d.the grow rate of technology.53.The Solow residual:a.is not directly observable. c.is attributed to capit

34、al stock growth. b.attributed to labor force growth. d.is attributed to labor force growth and capital stock growth. SHORT ANSWER1.What is a production function?2.What do constant returns to scale imply?3.What is the growth account formula and what does it tell us?4.Show why real saving equals net i

35、nvestment.5.What is the key equation of the Solow growth model and what does it say to us?Exercise for MacroeconomicsChapter 4TRUE/FALSE1.An increase in the depreciation rate affects the steady-state capital per worker the same way as an increase in the population growth rate.2.If the saving rate in

36、creases, then the optimum level of capital per worker falls.3.An increase in technology causes the real GDP per worker to increase during the transition to the steady-state.4.An increase in technology cause the growth in real output per worker to be higher in the long run or steady-state.5.The Solow

37、 model of growth says that poorer economies should over time converge towards richer ones in terms of real output put worker.MULTIPLE CHOICE1.In the revised version of the Solow growth model the optimal level of capital stock per worker depends on:a.the saving rating.c.population growth rate. b.the

38、depreciation rate.d.all of the above. 2.In the revised version of the Solow growth model the optimal level of the capital stock per worker depends on:a.monetary growth. c.the saving ernment spending. d.all of the above. 3.In the revised version of the Solow growth model the optimal level o

39、f the capital stock per worker depends on:a.monetary growth. c.appreciation in the stock market. b.the depreciation rate. d.all of the above. 4.In the revised version of the Solow growth model the optimal level of the capital stock per worker depends on:a.the population growth rate. c.inflation. b.g

40、overnment spending. d.all of the above. 5.In the Solow growth model as a growing economy transitions to the steady state:a.the average product of capital falls. c.the average product of labor falls. b.output per worker is constant.d.the growth rate of capital is equal to zero.6.In the Solow growth m

41、odel in the steady state the growth rate of capital per worker, k*, is:a.rising.c.fluctuating.b.falling. d.zero.7.In the Solow growth model, if technology, A, improves, then in the steady state:a.output per worker grows faster. c.capital per worker grows faster. b.output per worker grows at the same

42、 rate, zero. d.all of the above. 8.In the Solow growth model, if the population growth rate, n, increases, then in the steady state:a.output per worker grows slower. c.capital per worker grows at the same rate, zero.b.capital per worker grows slower.d.all of the above. 9.In the Solow growth model, i

43、f the depreciation rate, , increases, then in the steady state:a.output per worker grows at the same rate, zero. c.capital per worker grows faster. b.output per worker grows faster.d.all of the above. 10.In the Solow growth model, if labor input, L(0), increases, then in the steady state:a.output pe

44、r worker grows faster. c.capital per worker grows faster. b.capital per worker grows at the same rate, zero. d.all of the above. 11.In the Solow growth model in the steady state the growth rate of output per worker, y*, is:a.rising.c.constant at zero.b.falling. d.fluctuating.12.If the saving rate in

45、creases in the Solow growth model, then during the transition to the steady state: a.the growth rate of capital per worker will increase.c.the growth rate of capital per worker is constant.b.the growth rate of capital per worker will decrease.d.the growth rate of capital per worker is zero.13.If the

46、 saving rate increases in the Solow growth model, then in the steady state the growth rate of capital per worker is: a.constant.c.zero.b.unchanged.d.all of the above. 14.If the saving rate increases in the Solow growth model, then in the steady state the growth rate of capital per worker is: a.highe

47、r.c.lower.b.unchanged.d.rising.15.If the saving rate increases in the Solow growth model, then in the steady state:a.capital per worker and the growth of capital will be higher. c.capital per worker will be higher but the growth rate of capital will be lower. b.capital per worker will be higher but

48、the growth rate of capital will remain the same at zero. d.capital per worker will be lower but the growth rate of capital will be higher.16.In the Solow growth model during the transition an increase in technology:a.lowers the growth rate of capital per worker. c.raises the growth rate of capital p

49、er worker.b.does not change the growth rate of capital per worker. d.causes the growth rate of capital to fall to zero per worker. 17.In the Solow growth model during the transition an increase in technology:a.lowers the growth rate of output per worker. c.raises the growth rate of output per worker

50、. b.does not change the growth rate of output per worker. d.causes the growth rate of output per worker to fall to zero. 18.In the Solow growth model during the transition an increase in technology:a.lowers the growth rate of capital and output per worker.c.raises the growth rate of capital and outp

51、ut per worker.b.raises the growth rate of capital per worker and lowers the growth rate of output per worker.d.lowers the growth rate of capital per worker and raises the growth rate of output per worker.19.In the Solow growth model in the short run, an increase in the labor input L(0):a.increases t

52、he growth rate of real output per worker. c.reduces the growth rate of capital per worker. b.increases s(y/k). d.decreases s + n.20.In the Solow growth model in the short run, an increase in the labor input L(0), a.decrease the growth rate of real output per worker. c.increase the growth rate of cap

53、ital per worker. b.increases s(y/k). d.decrease s + n.21.In the Solow growth model in the long run or steady state, an increase in the labor input L(0) will, a.increase the capital stock. c.not affect real output per worker.b.lead to a growth of the capital stock per worker of zero.d.all of the abov

54、e.22.In the Solow growth model in the long run or steady state, an increase in the labor input L(0) will, a.decrease the capital stock. c.not change real output per worker.b.lead to a positive growth of the capital stock per worker.d.all of the above. Determinants of k/k23.In Figure 4.1 the distance

55、 between s(y/k) and s + n is the growth of capital per worker:a.in the transition.c.in the steady state.b.in the long-run. d.none of the above. 24.In Figure 4.1 if the saving rate increases, thena.the curve s + n increases.c.the curve s + n decreases.b.the curve s + n becomes steeper. d.the curve s

56、+ n becomes flatter. 25.In Figure 4.1, if the saving rate increase, then:a.s(y/k) increases. c.s(y/k) decreases. b.s(y/k) gets steeper.d.s(y/k) becomes vertical. 26.In Figure 4.1, if the saving rate increase, then:a.s(y/k) and s + n increase.c.s(y/k) and s + n decrease. b.s(y/k) increases while s +

57、n decreases. d.s(y/k) decreases while s + n increase.27.In Figure 4.1, if the technology improves, then:a.s(y/k) increases. c.s(y/k) decreases. b.s + n increases.d.s + n decreases.28.In Figure 4.1, if the initial amount of labor increases, then:a.s(y/k) increases.c.s + n increases.b.K/L moves away f

58、rom the optimum.d.the growth rate of population increases. 29.In Figure 4.1, if the initial amount of labor increases, then in the steady state:a.the growth rate of capital per worker increases. c.the growth rate of output per worker is the same. b.the growth rate of output per worker rises. d.the p

59、opulation growth rate rises. 30.In Figure 4.1, if the initial amount of labor increases, then during the transition to they steady state:a.the growth rate of capital per worker and output per worker increase. c.the growth rate of capital per worker increases and output per worker decrease. b.the gro

60、wth rate of capital per worker and output per worker.decrease. d. the growth rate of capital per worker decreases and output per worker increases. 31.In Figure 4.1, if the population growth rate increases, then:a.s(y/k) increases.c.s + n increases.b.K/L moves away from the optimum.d.the initial amou