2022年中考英语语法讲义（代词）（无答案）

1、代词、人称代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词I我memyminemyselfyou你youyouryoursyourselfhe他himhishishimselfshe她herherhersherself*It它*Ititsitsitselfwe我们USouroursourselvesyou你们youyouryoursyourselvesthey他们themtheirtheirsthemselves.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。I like table tennis.（作主语）Do you know him?（作宾语）.几个人称代词并列做主语时，它们的

2、顺序是单数形式（二三一） you, he, she and I you, Peter, Alice and I 复数形式（一二三） we, you and they但是当受到批评或时承认错误时正好相反，I在最前，you在最后。.形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：Our teacher is coming to see us.我们的老师将要来看我们。This is her pencil-box.这是她的铅笔盒.名词性物主代词常用来避免和前面已提及的名词重复，其作用相当于名词并且相当于“形容词性物 主代词+名词L在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。(2)含-one和-body等指

3、人的复合代词后跟else时，-飞属格应加在else之后。如：Can you remember someone elses name?你还记得其他人的姓名吗？(3)含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有一s属格形式。d.复合不定代词的数(1)复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：Is everyone here today?今天，大家都到齐了吗？Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。(2)当要对一群人讲话时，可使用以复合不定代词作主

4、语的祈使句，句中的动词用原形。如：Nobody move! = Don91 anybody move! 都别动！程度好的Everyone lie down!统统趴下！Help yourselves to some sweets, everyone. 大家随便吃点糖果。e.复合不定代词的替代问题由于复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，所以在正规的英语中用来替代它们的代词也应该是单数形式。(1)含-one和-body等指人的复合代词，其代词应该是he/she, him/her,其s属格形式的代词应该是 his/her, his/hers。 如：Everyone has his/her own words

5、.每个人都有他(她)自己的说辞。但是，这样一来就会因为性别的差异而使得在代词的运用上具有不确定性，所以为了避免这种别扭的 情况，我们一般都是用they/them/their/theirs,尤其是在口语中以及非正式场合下。如：No one gave you a ticket, did they?没人给你票，是吗？Someone came in, but I didnt know who they were.有人进来了，但我不知道是谁。(2)含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词，不会因性别上的差异而使得在代词的运用上产生不确定性， 因此我们就使用it。如：Something goes wrong,

6、 doesrft it?出问题了，是吗？f.不定代词的定语复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。如：Can you tell me something interesting?你能讲些有趣的事情吗？Is there anybody important here?这儿有大人物吗？ g.复合不定代词的否定“not every表示的是部分否定，意为“并非都，不都”。例如Not everything will go well.并非一切都会那么顺利。The teacher didnt call everyone为name.老师并没有点所有人的名。“not any-”和no-均表示全否定。

7、例如：He listened, but heard nothing.他听了听,但什么也没听到。=He listened, but didnt hear anything.You haven飞 called anyone/anybody up, have you?你没给谁打过电话，是吗？ =You have called no one/nobody up, have you?Exercise:选择题Which one would you like to take, this one or that one?一 I would like to take.A. twoB. bothC. allD.

8、two of themThese two pianos are very good. You can choose of them.A. bothB. eachC. either D. anyEither Bill or Black said that he himself was right, and of them would give in.A. noneB. bothC. noD. neither1 looked through several books, and I liked of them.A. neitherB. noC. noneD. nothingOn side of t

9、he street we could see shops and restaurants.A. eitherB. everyC. bothD. allPlease come at time. Ill show you my stamps.A. any, allB. all, anyC. some, someD. any, everyPm afraid I dont like these postcards. Can you show me some?A. another B. otherC. othersD. /He has bought two colour TV sets.is made

10、in Shanghai, and is made in Japan.A. One, anotherB. One, otherC. Each, otherD. One, the otherThe students are planting trees in the park.are watering the trees.are digging.A. Some, the othersB. Some, othersC. Ones, otherD. one after anotherThey said hello to when they met on the ship.A. each other B

11、. one other C. one the other D. one, anotherThey gave me some ideas, but of them can solve my problem.A. noneB. noC. not anyD. nothingSoapy tasted the two dishes, and said he liked.A. neitherB. anyC. anything D. eitherAt the party child was given a bag of sweets.A. every oneB. eachC. everyone D. all

12、said that the concert was very good.A. All studentsB. All of studentsC. All the studentsD. The all studentsCould you give me some books to read?will do.A. AnyoneB. Any one C. Everyone D. Every one一 Oh, youve bought a lot of food. Is coming this afternoon?一 Yes, Mr Johnson.A. anyB. someoneC. oneD. so

13、me one17.1 dont know why I never had luck in exams.A. someB. anyC. noD. any of18. There are four foreign teachers in our school. One is English,are American.A. the other threeB. another threeC. othersC. othersD. three others19.1 didnt buy anything expensive in Europe. Just small things.A. fewB. a fe

14、w C. some ofD. a few of20. 一 Could I have eggs please?Yes. How many?20. 一 Could I have eggs please?Yes. How many?A. someB. any一 Is here, Lily?一 Yes. All are here except John.A. allB. everybodyFd like milk in my tea.A. a littleB. littleC. fewD. plentyC.anyoneC. a fewD. somebodyD. few.the oranges are

15、bad. Pick them out.A. SeveralB. Few of C. A fewD. Several of.of the first three winners got a prize.A. EveryB. EachC. Everyone D. Everybody. He has keptof the old photos.A. everyoneB. every oneC.everyD. anyone. Two boys came in and I gave a bar of chocolate to.A. everyone B. allC. eachD. anyone.were

16、 invited to the party.A. They mostB. Most themC. Most of themD. Most theysaw him smoking one cigarette, then. I knew it was harmful toA. another, othersB. other, othersC. other, anotherD. another, otherIts not mine. It could be.A. someone else*sB. someones elseC. someone elseD. someone else*Don!t te

17、ll others her story. Its only between.A. you and meB. yourself and myselfC. you and ID. yours and mineThe sick old man hoped would stay to look after him.A. oneB. anyC. not oneD. someoneThe sports car was beautiful, but many people liked.beside it.A. oneB. the one C. itD. that用不定代词填空All of us were i

18、nvited, but n of us came.The weather in Shanghai is different from t in Baotou.The bottle is empty. There is n in it.Today, too many trees are still being cut down s in the world. These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me a one.“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?” I like, be

19、cause theyre not usefUL”They were all very tired, but of them would stop to take a rest.My father is very busy with his work. He has time to do the housework.课堂检测-Is OK, Lucy?-No, my maths is not as good as English.A. everythingB. somethingC. nothingD. anythingThe boy was so attracted by the compute

20、r games that he forgot else.A. anythingB. nothingC. somethingD. everything-Whats in the box?-Its empty. There is in it.A. noneB. no oneC. nothing D. something4.of them knows French, so I have to ask a third person for help.A. NeitherB. EitherC. BothD. NoneIt rained heavily this morning, but of my cl

21、assmates were away from school.A. neither B. noneC. allD. both- Which do you prefer, a CD player or a Walkman?-. I prefer the new kind of MP4.A. BothB. NoneC. Neither D. EitherShirley had to buy these CDs because she didnt know which one to take.A. allB. noneC. eachD. both-Heres coffee and tea. You

22、may have.-Thanks.A. eitherB. eachC. oneD. itObey the traffic rules and learn to protect yourself.is more important than life.NothingB. Something C. Everything D. Anything1 have to do. Please give me to read.A. something, anythingC. nothing, everythingnothing, somethingD. anything, nothing11. - Got a

23、ny information about High School Examination?-Well, 1 was trying to, but found.A. oneB. no oneC. noneD. some12.is watching TV. Lets turn it off.A. SomebodyB. AnybodyC. NobodyD. Everybody-Do you want tea or coffee?-, I really dont mind.A. BothB. NoneC. EitherD. NeitherMoney is important in my life. B

24、ut it isntto me.A. everythingB. somethingC. nothingD. anythingCan you hear the strange noise from the washing machine?must be wrong with it.A. AnythingB. NothingC. SomethingMrs Smith has two children,is a driver and is a nurse.A. one, anotherB. one, the otherC. one, otherD. one, othersPut it down, R

25、ichard. You mustn*t read letter.A. anyones else!sB. anyones elseC. anyone else*D. anyone elseThe parents go to the cinema.A. want both toB. both want toC. want both toD. want to bothPlease keep together. We want of you to get lost.A. noneB. someC. manyD. anyYou are not right. Pm not right, either me

26、ans.Either of us are not rightNeither of us is rightBoth of us are right课后作业In our English class,the English teacher asked us to stand up and introduce.A)weB)usC)ourD) ourselvesHelen was too angry to say.A)nothingB)something C)anythingD)everythingWeve decided to decorate our new flat by this weekend

27、.A)usB)ourC)oursD)ourselves-Can you come on Monday or Tuesday , John?-Im afraid day is possible. I will be very busy on those days.A)everyB)someC)either D)neitherMr. Smiths never angry with their daughter. Mrs. Smith.A) So isB) So hasC) Neither isD) Ne汕er hasAs students, we should work hard and do b

28、est to realize our dreams.A) usB) ourC) oursD) ourselvesFrank looks very worried today. There must be wrong with him.A) anything B) nothing C) something D) everythingAlthough advertisement enable to make decisions quickly, they sometimes cause lots of trouble.A) weB) ourC) usD) oursDid you see Mary

29、and her sister this morning?Yes, I saw girls playing in the playground.A) either B) neither C) anyD) bothThis is my father.is a farmer in the north of China.A) HeB) HimC) HisD) HesMother came into my study with a cup of milk in one of her hands, and an apple in.A) the othersB) otherC) the otherD) an

30、otherSometimes parents find hard to communicate with their children.A) thisB) thatC) itD)one1 feel too tired now and I need a cup of tea to relax.A) myB) myselfC) meD) mineYou can close your eyes for seconds after watching TV for too long.A) a fewB) fewC) a littleD) littleIfs unusual fbr him to be s

31、o active because he is often a boy of words.A) fewB) littleC) manyD) muchTheyve bought a car of own so that it will be more convenient to travel around.A)theyB) themC) theirD) theirsAfter you get off the bus, you can take of the two Metro Lines to Zhongshan Park.A) neitherB) bothC) eitherD) anyMr. B

32、lacks always proud of his students excellent work.Mrs. Brown.A) Neither has B) So hasC) Neither is D) So isMy grandma showed some old pictures that brought back sweet memories.A) IB) meC) myD) mineWould you please have try,and maybe you will get the chance you want.A)anotherB)the other C)otherD)othe

33、rsMr Whites never been to Taiwan Island before.Miss Lin.A)Neither is B)Neither has C)So isD)So has.1 enjoy adventure films,but my father my mother likes it.A)both.andB)not only.but alsoC)either.orD)neither.norTve found interesting in the story. I dont suggest you read it.A) everything B) something C

34、) anything D) nothingThe report says of the two countries in Asia supports the war.A) neitherB) noneC) bothD) all.1 know of the twins have been to Hainan Island before.A) neitherB) eitherC) bothD) noneLearning to do some team work with is important in our daily life.A) the othersB) otherC) anotherD)

35、 othersThe new concert provided a good platform to show our talent.A) weB) usC) ourD) oursis looking forward to studying with an I-pad in the math class.A) SomebodyB) AnybodyC) NobodyD) EverybodyJimmy has made up mind to go to Oxford University for further study.A) heB) hisC) himD) himselfThis pair

36、of shoes is to small for me ,can you show me pair?A) otherB) othersC) anotherD) the othershave never seen such a better handwriting like.A) youB) your C) yoursD) yourselfLet me share a true story with you, which happened days ago.A) a small amount of B) a couple of C) a littleD) muchThey think my wa

37、ys of studying English are different fromA) youB) your C) yoursD) yourselfChatting on QQ is students enjoy doing at weekends.A) anythingB) everything C) something D) nothing用所给代词的适当形式填空This is not my pencil-box.(I) is in the bag.Trees are planted in( we ) country every year, which makes our country

38、more and more beautiful.-Is that bike Miss Gao*s?Yes, it is(she). Beautiful, isnt it?Help(you) to some fruit, Jack.-Who taught your brother to surf?-Nobody. He learnt all by(he).Their English teacher is from America, but(we) is from England.Marys answer is different from(I).-My watch keeps good time

39、. What about(you)?-Mine? Oh, two minutes slow.Sam is my brother. Do you like to play with(he)?Did you enjoy(you), Mary and Kate?用适当的代词填空The old man has two sons. One is a worker,is a teacher.Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming;like ball games.Lets go and

40、have a drink. Weve got time before the train leaves.We were all very tired, but of us would like to have a rest.5.of the twins are in our class.Boys, dont touch the machines, or you may hurt.It is said there is going to be important in the CCTV news.We couldnt buy anything because of the shops opene

41、d at that time.They didnt learn new in this lesson.-Why is easy for such a young girl to learn three foreign languages so well?用适当的疑问代词和关系代词填空1.is the population of the world today?jumped the longest of all in the long jump?-colour is your mothers dress?-Its black.-is your car?-The red one in front

42、of the tree.-of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle?-1 know, sir. Its instruction.The necklace she is wearing is beautiful.Do you know the person lost his bike?Most people live in less developed countries are quite poor.The boy is helping the old man is John*s brother.1(). People u

43、se credit cards to buy things online should be very careful完型填空Cartoon films have very few limits. If you can draw 1, you can make it move on the cinema screen.The use of new ideas and modern computer programs means that cartoons are becoming exciting again for people of 2 ages.By 1970, the cinema w

44、orld had decided that cartoons were 3 for children.But soon after 4, one or two film makers had some new ideas. They proved that 5 waspossible to make films 6 grown-ups and children could enjoy.However,7 cartoon film was successful. The Black Cauldron, for example, failed, mainly because itwas too f

45、rightening for children and too childish for grown-ups. Film makers learnt from 8 mistake,and then cartoons were welcomed by both children and grown-ups and again the film companies began tomake large amountsA. somethingA. someof money.3. A. never4. A. this5. A. it6. A. eitherA. not everyA. thisB. a

46、nythingC.nothingD.everythingB. eitherC.allD.bothB. onlyc.stillD.alreadyB. thatc.itD.thenB. thatc.thisD.theyB. bothc.allD.neitherB. none of thec.eachD.neither of theB. thatc.theseD.thoseOur school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语） 这里的theirs相当于their schoolIs this English-book yours?（作表语）-No. Mine is

47、in my bag.这里的yours, mine相当于your/my English-bookIve already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）.名词性物主代词可以用在of后做定语，相当于“o计名词所有格”表示带有部分概念。例如：He is a friend of mine.他是我的一位朋友。A friend of my fathers is a doctor.我爸爸的一个朋友是医生。.反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。Would you please express yourself in English?你

48、能用英语表达自己的想法吗The girl in the news is myself. 新闻里的女孩正是我自己。I myself washed the clothes （=1 washed the clothes myself.）我自己洗 T 衣月艮。He knows himself well.他很 了 解他自己。反身代词常用的短语teach oneself 自 学learn by oneself 自 学enjoy oneself=have a good time =have fun 玩的高兴help oneself to 随便吃 come to oneself 苏醒make yourself

49、 at home 另U 拘束Exercise:His MP3 is the same as , but it is more expensive.A. himB. mineC. myD. her-Is this the Greens house?No.is over there.A. HisB. TheirC. TheirD. Them-Is this kite, Tom?-Yes, its mine. If s made by.A. yours, myself B. mine, myself C. ours, himself- Is Miss White English teacher, M

50、aria?-No, she teaches geography.A. your; myB. you; mineC. you; usD. your; usWho is the best friend of at school?I think Helen is. We often help each other.D. hersD. itselfD./D. yoursD. yourselvesA. mineB. hisC. yours一How was the evening party yesterday?一We enjoyed very much.A. usB. ourselvesC. itsHi

51、s name is James but he calls Jim.A. hisB. himselfC. him-Betty, help to some soup.Thanks a lot.A. youB. yourC. yourself-Help to some fish, children.-Thanks.A. youB. yoursC. yourself填空At the age of eight, the boy started teaching(he) mathematics.She said to(she), What a hard problem!HThe children all

52、thought that they could look after(they).4.1 don!t like the present(it), but the box.The visitors helped(they) to the cakes.It was noisy in the room. I could hardly hear(I) speak.二、指示代词这，这个那，那个这些那些thisthatthesethosel.this和these 一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事 物或人。例如： This is a pen and tha

53、t is a pencil.We are busy these days.In those days the workers had a hard time.有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。例如：I had a cold.Thats why I didn*t come.我感冒了，这是我没有来的原因。What I want to say is this: pronunciation is very important in learning English. 我想说：学习英语时发音很重要。.有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或th

54、ose代替。例如：Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai. 北京造的电视和上海造的一样好。The weather here is much hotter than that in Beijing.这里的天气比北京的热很多。. this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?你好,我是Mary.你是Jack吗？The machines made in China are cheaper tha

55、n made in Japan.A. onesB. thatC. thoseD. it-Look! Whafs in the sky?-It looks like a kite.A. thisB. thatC. those D. these一Have you found your lost mobile phone?-No, I havent found, but I bought this morning.A. one; that B. that; one C. it; oneD. one; it三、疑问代词疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。疑问词意思用法

56、when什么时间问时间what time什么时间问具体时间，如几点钟who谁问人whose谁的问主人where在哪里问地点which哪一个问选择why为什么问原因what什么问东西、事物what color什么颜色问颜色what about怎么样问意见what day星期几问星期几what date什么日期问日期how怎么样问情况how old多大年纪问年龄how many多少数量（可数名词）问数量how much多少钱，多少数量 （不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）how about怎么样问意见how often多久问频率how long多长时间问时间长度how far多远问多远；多长距离

57、四、不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。不定代词没 有确定的对象，常用的有：all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some any, no 以及由some, no, any, every 构成的复合词。both两者都all三者都neither两者都不none三者都不either两者（任一个）any三者（任一个）each两者（以上）每一个every三者（以上）每一个both of.两者都谓语动词复数形

58、式neither of.两者都不谓语动词单数形式all of三者都谓语动词复数数形式none of.三者都不谓语动词单数形式each of.每一个都谓语动词单数形式both.and.两者都谓语动词复数形式注：every 不能直either.or.两者任一谓语动词就近原则后面接加ofneither.nor.既不也不谓语动词就近原则not only.but also.不仅而且谓语动词就近原则as well as并且，以及谓语动词就远原则辨析some与any的区别a. some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词复数。例如： Look! Some student

59、s are cleaning the library.看！有些学生在打扫图书馆。2) any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名 词和可数名词复数。例如：If you have any questions, please ask me.如果你有任何困难，可以来问我。3)希望得到对方的肯定回答时，用some而不用any。例如：Would you like some tea? 你想喝点茶吗？few, a few, little, a little 在用法上的区别a.用作形容词表示肯定表示否定用于可数名词a few虽少，但有几个few不多，几乎没有用于不

60、可数名词a little虽少，但有一点little不多，没有什么我去买一些苹果。他只会说一点点中文。玻璃杯里只有一点点牛奶。他几乎没有朋友。他们身边几乎没钱。我去买一些苹果。他只会说一点点中文。玻璃杯里只有一点点牛奶。他几乎没有朋友。他们身边几乎没钱。Im going to buy a few apples.He can speak only a little Chinese.There is only a little milk in the glass.He has few friends.They had little money with them.b. a little和little